CONTENTS

IX. EARLY BAROQUE ORNAMENTATION

1. Early Baroque Ornamentation Still Mainly
Melodic page 104
2. Vocal Ornamentation in Early Baroque Music 104
3. Instrumental Ornamentation in Early Baroque
Music 105

X. LATER BAROQUE ORNAMENTATION

1. Later Baroque Ornamentation Harmonic as well
as Melodic 109
2. Vocal Ornamentation in Later Baroque Music 109
3. Instrumental Ornamentation in Later Baroque
Music 1 1 1

4. Concerted Ornamentation in Chamber and Or-

chestral Music 1 14
5. National Differences in Embellishment 114
6. General Advice 115

XI. POST-BAROQUE ORNAMENTATION

1. The Declining Importance of Free Ornamentation 1 17

XII. THE CADENZA

1. The Typical Baroque Cadenza an Elaboration of
a Close 121
2. The Later Cadenza Part of the Structure of the
Movement 122
3. Entire Movements Replaced by Cadenza-like
Improvisation 122
4. The Style of Baroque Cadenzas 123

XIII. ORNAMENTS
1. The Baroque Music 125
Proliferation of Ornaments in
2. Some Working Rules for Baroque Ornaments 125
3. Three Primary Functions Served by Baroque
Ornaments 130
4. The Main Baroque Ornaments Grouped by
Families 131

XIV. A (i): THE APPOGGIATURA PROPER

L What the Name Appoggiatura Implies 133
2, The Movement of Appogglaturas 134
9