36 An intreduction to control system modeling Table 2. Ideal electical system elemens. an ‘Across variable: potential difference v (V) ‘Through variable: current i (A) z Component Giruit symbol Defining equation : we) Father Resistor i+ a2 ‘Again itis evident that Ec =} R and therefore inertia coule RO (ef. Equations (2.6) and (: 7 The stiffness of an ef actor iQ Inducto Y w= 1 fuoae 1(B) if where ) Capacitor on G=them Ae 1, =the pe iam f= the le O(¢) = the an In terms of the angular vel Gt, a ‘and therefore becomes a ¢ torsional spring is analogou Similarly, an ideal line friction) can be described b; ‘Table 2.2 Ideal rectilinear (translational) mechanical system elements ‘Across variable: linear velocity v (ms) ‘Through variable: force f (N) Cireuit symbol Defining equation TM Component Linear damper os 0) = Bx) (viscous frition too) Bins) T() = Bolt) Li 102 inear spin — (sities als) Ok fos kuna B= the trio K (Nar) and, as sue, isa special cas a defining equations are suman Mass jOw= ao Further extensions tothe (cectlinear motion) = >-—| KO=M ee mple uid and thermal eler fn Figure 26 isan example SS Meneitv Kionnstine: a tke)