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Current Affairs [PDF] - August 16-31, 2021
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Last Updated: September 5, 2021
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Current Affairs [PDF] - August 16-31, 2021
Contents
......................... ....... _ _ ......... ......... .....................................................
News Headlines ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
August 16, 2021 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
August 17, 2021 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
August 18, 2021 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
August 19, 2021 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
August 20, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
August 21, 2021 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
August 23, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
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August 23, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
August 24, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
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August 25, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
August 26, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
August 27, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
August 28, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
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August 29, 2021 ................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
August 30, 2021 .................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
August 31, 2021 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
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August 16, 2021 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 12
August 14: Partition Horrors Remembrance Day .......................................................................................................................... 12
Tamil Nadu -First state to cut petrol price by Rs. 3/litre ............................................................................................................ 13
Tamil Nadu presents Separate Budget for Agriculture ................................................................................................................ 13
Assam passed Cattle Preservation Bill .............................................................................................................................................. 14
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Kaziranga Park: India’s first National Park to give Satellite Phones to Forest Guards ......................................................... 14
Bharat Petroleum launched door-to-door delivery of Diesel ...................................................................................................... 15
Sainik Schools Open for Girls ............................................................................................................................................................ 16
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India target to become ‘Energy Independent’ by 2047 ............................................................................................................... 16
National Hydrogen Mission Launched ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Pradhan Mantri Gatishakti National Master Plan .......................................................................................................................... 17
Rice under all scheme to be fortified by 2024 .............................................................................................................................. 18
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Odisha to provide Smart Health Cards under Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana ......................................................................... 19
Google celebrates birth anniversary of Subhadra Kumari Chauhan ......................................................................................... 19
August 17, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
India announced new visa for Afghans ........................................................................................................................................... 20
Who are the Taliban? .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Malaysia: PM resigns amid political turmoil .................................................................................................................................... 21
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Delta Plus variant cases in Maharashtra rises ................................................................................................................................. 22

US President stand by his decision of withdrawing troops from Afghanistan ....................................................................... 22
New Covid Test using Pencil Lead ................................................................................................................................................... 23
Gaza militants fired rocket at Israel ................................................................................................................................................. 23
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UNSC calls International Community to Unite on Afghan Crisis ............................................................................................. 24

HAL tests Hindustan-228 aircraft .................................................................................................................................................... 25
Facebook bans Taliban supporting content ................................................................................................................................... 25
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RBI introduced Financial Inclusion Index ....................................................................................................................................... 26

Six lakh villages to get internet connectivity by 2024 ................................................................................................................. 26
Vriksharopan Abhiyan – 2021 to be launched .............................................................................................................................. 27
August 18, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 27
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Tropical Depression Grace over Haiti ............................................................................................................................................. 27

RoDTEP Scheme: India notifies Duty Rebate Rates ..................................................................................................................... 28
MeitY-NASSCOM Start-up Women Entrepreneur Awards 2020-21 ..................................................................................... 28
Student Entrepreneurship Program 3.0 .......................................................................................................................................... 29
Chhattisgarh govt to provide ₹6,000 to landless labourers ........................................................................................................ 30
Godfather of Sudoku passes away ................................................................................................................................................... 30
UK to start negotiations for trade agreement with India this year ............................................................................................ 31
Plea to declare PM CARES fund a ‘State’ ....................................................................................................................................... 32
TCS: 2nd Indian company to cross m-cap of Rs 13 lakh crore ................................................................................................ 32
SC issued formal notice to Centre over Pegasus .......................................................................................................................... 33
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exam .......................................................................................................... 33
WHO’s medical alert on fake Covishield Vaccines ....................................................................................................................... 34
China’s new rules on anticompetitive practices by internet companies ................................................................................... 34
August 19, 2021 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 35
US & UK to hold G7 meet on Afghanistan .................................................................................................................................... 35
Crisil upgraded credit outlook of India Inc to Positive ................................................................................................................ 35
Cabinet approves National Mission on Edible Oils ....................................................................................................................... 36
Can Antibodies post vaccine fight Delta variant? ......................................................................................................................... 36
Indian athletes leave for Tokyo Paralympics .................................................................................................................................. 37
IAEA: Iran has accelerated uranium enrichment .......................................................................................................................... 38
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Ayushman Bharat: 2 crore hospital admissions so far ................................................................................................................. 38
WHO: Threefold rise in trauma cases in Afghanistan ................................................................................................................. 39
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WTO: Global Goods Trade continues recovery ........................................................................................................................... 39
EAM announces rollout of ‘UNITE Aware’ tech .......................................................................................................................... 40
India-Bangladesh: Cabinet approves MoU on Disaster Management ..................................................................................... 40
India- Vietnam: Bilateral Maritime Drill conducted in South China Sea .................................................................................. 41
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Joint Guidance for the Australia – India Navy to Navy Relationship ....................................................................................... 42
August 20, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 42
World Humanitarian Day 2021 ......................................................................................................................................................... 42
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'Ubharte Sitaare Fund’ to be launched ............................................................................................................................................ 43
Govt announced Incentive for Mills Exporting Sugar ................................................................................................................. 43
N. K. Singh: New President of Institute of Economic Growth Society ................................................................................... 44
India-ADB: USD 500 million loan agreement signed for Bengaluru Metro .......................................................................... 45
Defence India Startup Challenge (DISC) ....................................................................................................................................... 45
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Arogya Dhara 2.0- Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................... 46
Advanced Chaff Technology developed by DRDO ..................................................................................................................... 46
BRICS deal on cooperation in remote sensing satellite data sharing ....................................................................................... 47
Sanskrit Week: being celebrated from August 19 to 25 ............................................................................................................. 47
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Religious Tourism: PM Modi inaugurates multiple projects in Somnath ............................................................................... 48
China approves Three-Child Policy ................................................................................................................................................. 48
Diksha Shinde-14-yr-old panellist on NASA's MSI Fellowship ................................................................................................ 49
August 21, 2021 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 50
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DCGI approves ZyCoV-D vaccine for Emergency Use Authorization .................................................................................... 50

INSACOG report: Delta variant driving infections in India ....................................................................................................... 50
Assam announced Covid Relief Package for helpers, drivers & priests .................................................................................... 51
EAM S. Jaishankar slams China for terror stand at UNSC ......................................................................................................... 51
Facebook India launched ‘Small Business Loans Initiative’ ......................................................................................................... 52
August 20: World Mosquito Day ..................................................................................................................................................... 52
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Ismail Sabri Yaakob: New Prime Minister of Malaysia ................................................................................................................ 53

China passes new Online Privacy Law ............................................................................................................................................ 54
Ratification of Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol ............................................................................................................ 54
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WFP report: Hunger spreading in Afghanistan ............................................................................................................................. 55

India-Russia deals to procure AK-103 rifles ................................................................................................................................... 55
India's Highest Herbal Park inaugurated near Indo-China border ........................................................................................... 56
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August 23, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 57

Exercise Konkan 2021 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 57
UNICEF: Children in India at high risk of Climate Crisis impacts ............................................................................................ 57
NTPC commissioned 25 Megawatt floating solar PV project ................................................................................................... 58
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USAID, DFC & Kotak Bank loan agreement for women & MSMEs in India ........................................................................ 58
Delhi CM to inaugurate India's First Smog Tower ..................................................................................................................... 59
Malabar Naval Exercise to begin on August 26 ............................................................................................................................ 59
Area under kharif crops decreases - Agriculture Ministry ......................................................................................................... 60
Hurriyat groups to be banned under UAPA ................................................................................................................................... 61
PayPal launched crypto buying and selling in UK ......................................................................................................................... 61
Israel launched Covid antibody tests for children aged 3 ........................................................................................................... 62
Report: Third wave could peak late October ................................................................................................................................ 62
Egypt closes Gaza border ................................................................................................................................................................... 63
August 24, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 63

Manipur: COVID-19 Affected Livelihood Support Scheme launched ..................................................................................... 63
INS Shakti reached Sri Lanka with 100 tonnes of Liquid Medical Oxygen ........................................................................... 64
FM launched ‘National Monetisation Pipeline’ scheme ............................................................................................................... 64
N. S. Vishwanathan Panel on Urban Co-operative Banks .......................................................................................................... 65
Yuktdhara: New portal launched under Geoportal Bhuvan ....................................................................................................... 66
NeoBolt: India’s first indigenous Motorised Wheelchair Vehicle .............................................................................................. 66
India showcased Indigenous Fighter Aircraft at ‘ARMY- 2021’ in Moscow .......................................................................... 67
August 23: International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition ................................................ 67
Tropical storm Henri makes landfall near Rhode Island ............................................................................................................ 68
Vice President launched ‘Vaccinate India Programme’ ................................................................................................................ 68
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ISRO’s ‘Announcement of Opportunity’ to analyse Chandrayaan-2 orbiter data ................................................................. 69
Amazon CEO to join White House cybersecurity meeting ........................................................................................................ 70
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Evidence of Solar-Driven Change traced on moon ..................................................................................................................... 70
August 25, 2021 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 71
India overtakes US to become 2nd Most attractive Manufacturing Hub ................................................................................ 71
What is Operation Devi Shakti? ........................................................................................................................................................ 71
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Krivak class stealth frigates to be delivered to India in 2023 .................................................................................................... 72
Labour ministry to launch e-Sharm Portal ..................................................................................................................................... 72
The Ashok and 7 other ITDC hotels to be monetised ............................................................................................................... 73
India-Philippines conducts naval exercise in South China Sea .................................................................................................. 74
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Pakistan successfully tests Fatah-1 .................................................................................................................................................... 74
ADB report: Covid-19 pushes 80 million people in Asia into Extreme Poverty .................................................................... 75
Ain Dubai: World's largest and tallest observation wheel ........................................................................................................... 75
What is Havana syndrome? ............................................................................................................................................................... 76
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India's exports to ASEAN to be at $46 billion in FY22 .............................................................................................................. 76
Cabinet approves highest ever FRP for Sugarcane ...................................................................................................................... 77
WHO Chief Scientist: India may be entering endemic stage of COVID ................................................................................. 77
August 26, 2021 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
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PM Modi Chaired 37th PRAGATI Meeting ................................................................................................................................. 78
Ajit Doval hosted inaugural meeting of IBSA NSAs ................................................................................................................... 78
Samarth Scheme: 1,500 artisans benefitted by training .............................................................................................................. 79
SUJALAM campaign launched by Jal Shakti Ministry ................................................................................................................. 80
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5th edition of Indo-Kazakhstan Joint Training Exercise ............................................................................................................. 80

India’s first mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine ................................................................................................................................ 81
NERDSD Goal Index Report & Dashboard to be launched ........................................................................................................ 81
World Bank stops funding of projects in Afghanistan ................................................................................................................. 82
UNICEF report: Covid-19 vaccinations fell by 80% in Afghanistan ........................................................................................ 82
Cabinet approved Rs 15,000 Crore NMP-linked FDI Proposal ................................................................................................ 83
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LIC launched Mobile App for agents .............................................................................................................................................. 83

Maharashtra govt launched Special Programme for Widows ................................................................................................... 84
Ministry of civil aviation notified Liberalized Drone Rules 2021 ............................................................................................... 85
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August 27, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 85

Mansukh Mandaviya takes charge as Chairperson of Stop TB Partnership Board .............................................................. 85
New voters to get Personalised Letter from EC ........................................................................................................................... 86
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Stockholm World Water Week 2021 .............................................................................................................................................. 86

NITI Aayog-Cisco launch next phase of WEP .............................................................................................................................. 87
INDIAsize Survey- Key Facts ............................................................................................................................................................ 87
Finance Minister launches EASE 4.0 ............................................................................................................................................... 88
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NITI Aayog- WRI launched Forum for Decarbonising Transport .......................................................................................... 89

“Shared Destiny-2021” Defence Exercise ...................................................................................................................................... 89
Algeria cuts Diplomatic Ties with Morocco .................................................................................................................................. 90
Cuba to recognise and regulate cryptocurrencies ........................................................................................................................ 90
Moody’s: Second Covid Wave Increased Banks’ Asset Risks ..................................................................................................... 91
India’s proposal to mandate using green hydrogen in fertilizer and refining ......................................................................... 91
MP: Second State to implement NEP 2020 .................................................................................................................................. 92
August 28, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
Indian Oil to build India's First Green Hydrogen Plant ............................................................................................................... 92
First G20 Ministerial Conference on Women’s Empowerment ................................................................................................ 93

India-Maldives pact on Greater Male Connectivity Project ....................................................................................................... 94
New AY.12 sub-lineage of Delta Variant ........................................................................................................................................ 94
India-Germany conducts Joint Exercise in Gulf of Aden ............................................................................................................ 95
Bharat series (BH-series): New Registration Mark ...................................................................................................................... 95
RBI to launch Trial Project of CBDC by December ................................................................................................................... 96
QSim- India's first Quantum Computer Simulator Toolkit ....................................................................................................... 96
BRICS-Agricultural Research Platform- Key Facts ...................................................................................................................... 97
Forbes Data: Delhi has world's most CCTV Cameras in Public Places .................................................................................. 98
Bank accounts under PMJDY reach 43 crores ............................................................................................................................. 98
August 30, 2021 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
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Indian Railways floats tender for 58 Vande Bharat Trains ........................................................................................................ 99
Web version of e-GOPALA application launched ........................................................................................................................ 99
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Yogesh Kathuniya clinch Silver Medal in Paralympics .............................................................................................................. 100
SpaceX launched ants, avocados, robotic arm to Space station .............................................................................................. 100
August 29: International Day against Nuclear Tests .................................................................................................................. 101
Greater Male Connectivity Project: AFCONS to build bridge in Maldives ............................................................................ 101
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Thematic POSHAN Maah to be celebrated in September ....................................................................................................... 102
FIT India Mobile Application Launched ........................................................................................................................................ 103
PhonePe to serve as Direct Insurance Broker .............................................................................................................................. 103
Y-Break App launched by AYUSH Ministry ................................................................................................................................ 104
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IBBI proposes amends in Liquidation Process ............................................................................................................................. 104
2020 Paralympics: Avani Lekhara wins Gold Medal ................................................................................................................. 105
August 31, 2021 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 105
What is West Nile virus? ................................................................................................................................................................... 105
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'Latham’s Snipe' Migratory Bird ..................................................................................................................................................... 106
CJI Ramana to administer oath of office to 9 new SC judges ................................................................................................. 106
IIT Roorkee-NDMA develop App to Predict Natural Disasters .............................................................................................. 107
Toy-train safari launched on Darjeeling Himalayan Railway route ........................................................................................ 108
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U.S. ends 20-year war in Afghanistan .......................................................................................................................................... 108
UNSC adopts resolution on Afghanistan ...................................................................................................................................... 109
Odisha's Kendrapara district: Only place to have all 3 Crocodile Species ............................................................................ 109
Indian Navy’s First Exercise with Algerian Navy ......................................................................................................................... 110
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Asian Youth Championships: 6 Gold medals for India .............................................................................................................. 110

PayU acquires Digital payments provider BillDesk ....................................................................................................................... 111
August 30: National Small Industry Day ....................................................................................................................................... 112
IIT Madras to Develop Online Marketplace called e-Source .................................................................................................... 112
120 Multiple Choice Questions ................................................................................................................................................................ 114
Note: .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 152
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News Headlines
August 16, 2021
Here are Today’s News Headlines by GK Today for August 16, 2021
PM’s INDEPENDENCE DAY SPEECH
– ₹100 lakh crore ‘Pradhan Mantri Gatishakti National Master Plan’ to develop the possibilities of
new future economic zones
– National Hydrogen Mission to make India the new global hub of green hydrogen and its largest
exporter
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– Target of becoming ‘energy independent’ by 2047 through a mix of electric mobility, gas-based
economy, doping ethanol in petrol and making the country a hub for hydrogen production
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– Rice provided under any scheme will be fortified by 2024
– 75 ‘Vande Bharat’ trains to be run in the 75 weeks of the ‘Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav’, connecting
different parts of country
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– Government has decided to open all Sainik schools to girls
– Exhibition ‘Katha kranthiveeron ki’ to mark the 75 years of Independence inaugurated as part of
Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav at Rabindra Bhawan, New Delhi by Union Minister of Culture, Tourism,
and Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER) G. Kishan Reddy
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– Chhattisgarh: CM Bhupesh Baghel announces creation of four new districts: Mohla-Manpur, Sakti,
Sarangarh-Bilaigarh and Manendragarh
– Odisha govt. to give smart health cards under Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana to enable each family
to get treatment cost up to ₹5 lakh per annum tn
WORLD
– Afghanistan: President Ashraf Ghani leaves the country as Taliban enter capital Kabul
– 7.2 magnitude earthquake hits Caribbean island nation Haiti, at least 304 people dead
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SPORTS
– Gerd Müller, legendary Bayern Munich and former West Germany footballer, dies aged 75
– Germany’s Alexander Donchenko wins RTU Open chess tournament in Riga, Latvia
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August 17, 2021

INDIA
– Information & Broadcasting Minister Anurag Thakur & Jal Shakti Ministers launch Season-2 of
‘Rag Rag Mein Ganga’ on Doordarshan
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ECONOMY & CORPORATE

– HAL’s ‘Made in India’ Hindustan-228 (VT-KNR) civil aircraft carries out Ground Run and LSTT
(Low Speed Taxi Trials) at Kanpur facility
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– Civil Aviation Ministry grants conditional permission to 10 organisations to use drones for various
purposes
– Union Agriculture Minister Narendra Singh Tomar inaugurates world’s second-largest refurbished
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gene bank at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources in New Delhi
– Wholesale price-based inflation declines for 2nd straight month to 11.16% in July
WORLD
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– Malaysia: PM Muhyiddin Yassin resigns after losing majority support in parliament

August 18, 2021
INDIA
– IAF Aircraft C-17 brings back Indian Ambassador to Afghanistan Rudrendra Tandon, officials from
Kabul
– NITI Aayog’s Atal Innovation Mission in collaboration with Dassault Systemes launch Student
Entrepreneurship Program 3.0 that is designed to push school students to become future innovators

and entrepreneurs
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– RBI unveils Financial Inclusion (FI) Index, FI-Index for the period ending March 2021 is 53.9
– HAL signs $716 mn deal with GE Aviation for 99 engines for LCA Tejas
– Winners announced for MeitY-NASSCOM Start-up Women Entrepreneur Awards 2020-21 in
partnership with UN Women
– Govt announces RoDTEP (Remission of Duties and Taxes on Export Products) rates for exporters;
outlay Rs 12,454 cr in FY22
WORLD
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– Zambia: Opposition leader Hakainde Hichilema elected new President
– Tropical Depression Grace lashes quake hit Haiti
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– Sudoku creator Maki Kaji dies aged 69 in japan
SPORTS
– India (364, 298/8 declared) defeats hosts England (391, 120) by 151 runs in 2nd test at Lord’s, 1-0
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up in 5-match series
August 19, 2021
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INDIA
– SC allows eligible women to take the National Defence Academy (NDA) entrance exam scheduled
for September 5
– Collegium recommends nine judges for Supreme Court including Karnataka High Court judge B.V.
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Nagarathna, who may become India’s first woman CJI
– Envoys of 4 nations present credentials to President of India: 1. Archbishop Leopoldo Girelli,
Apostolic Nuncio of the Holy See 2. Ahmed Sule, High Commissioner of Nigeria 3. Katharina Wieser,
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Ambassador of Austria 4. Chang Jae-bok, Ambassador of South Korea
– India, Australia sign ‘Joint Guidance’ for naval cooperation
– International Exhibition on Folk & Tribal Art Paintings “Reetiyon se Kalakritiyon ka Safar” being
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held at National Crafts Museum & Hastkala Academy in New Delhi from August 18 to Sept 3
– India, Vietnam carry out bilateral maritime drill in South China Sea
– Cabinet approves Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and Bangladesh on
cooperation in the field of Disaster Management, Resilience and Mitigation.
– Cabinet approves Memorandum of Understanding between the Indian Council of Medical Research
(ICMR), India and the GARDP Foundation on Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Innovation,
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Switzerland
– Cabinet approves Memorandum of Understanding between India and United States of America on
cooperation in the field of Geology; Geological knowledge regarding Eastern Himalaya Syntaxis and
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Ladakh Plutons to get boost

– Cabinet approves Ratification of Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that
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Deplete the Ozone Layer for phase down of Hydrofluorocarbons

– Union Minister of Commerce and Industry, Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution and
Textiles, Piyush Goyal chairs the “5th meeting of BRICS Industry Ministers”
– Minister of State for Culture Arjun Ram Meghwal participates in Shanghai Cooperation
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Organization (SCO) Culture Ministers’ meeting hosted by Tajikistan

– Alok Sharma, President-Designate, UN Conference of Parties (COP), visits India
– Biopic of Raghu Rai to be streamed by Films Division on its website & YouTube channels on World
Photography Day (August 19)
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– RBI issues revised instructions for banks on locker management; banks will be required to
incorporate a clause in the locker agreement prohibiting the hirer from keeping anything illegal or
hazardous in lockers

– CCEA approves Rs 77.45 crore package for the revival of state-run North Eastern Regional
Agricultural Marketing Corporation Ltd (NERAMAC)
– Cabinet approves National Mission on Edible Oils Oil Palm (NMEO-OP) with MSP-type benchmark
assured price
– Cabinet approves MoU between Permanent Mission of India to the WTO, Centre for Trade and
Investment Law (Indian Institute of Foreign Trade) and Centre for Trade and Economic Integration
(The Graduate Institute, Geneva)
– Cabinet approves MoU between ICMR and Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics,
Switzerland
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– International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) does pilot run of International Bullion
Exchange
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WORLD
– EAM S. Jaishankar announces rollout of ‘UNITE Aware’ tech to help protect U.N. peacekeepers
– American foreign correspondent Joseph L. Galloway dies at 79, best known for recounting a pivotal
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battle in the Vietnam War in his book
August 20, 2021
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INDIA
– Sanskrit week being celebrated from August 19 to 25
– BRICS signs deal on cooperation in remote sensing satellite data sharing
– DRDO develops advanced Chaff technology to safeguard IAF fighter aircrafts against hostile radar
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threats
– Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya launches Arogya Dhara 2.0 to increase the reach of
Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)
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ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Defence Minister Rajnath Singh launches 5th edition of Defence India Start-up Challenge (DISC)
under Innovations for Defence Excellence – Defence Innovation Organisation (iDEX-DIO)
t.m
– India-ADB sign USD 500 million loan agreement to expand metro rail network in Bengaluru
– Govt sanctions construction of 60,000 more houses under ARHCs (Affordable Rental Housing
Complexes), says Housing Secretary Durga Shankar Mishra
– 15th Finance Commission’s Chairman N. K. Singh elected president of Institute of Economic
Growth Society
– Govt announces incentive for mills exporting sugar, diverting it to ethanol
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– ONGC seeks private sector partners to raise production from 43 oil, gas fields
– Finance Minister to launch ‘Ubharte Sitaare Fund’ for export-oriented small and mid-sized
companies
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WORLD
– World Humanitarian Day observed by UN on August 19, theme: “The Human Race” with a focus on
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climate change
August 21, 2021
INDIA
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– PM Modi lays foundation stone of multiple projects in Somnath, Gujarat including foundation stone
for Parvati temple
– DCGI approves Zydus Cadila’s DNA-based vaccine ZyCoV-D for Emergency Use Authorization
– Delta variant driving infections in India, says genome consortium INSACOG
– Rajnath Singh flags off Army’s fleet of five trauma care ambulances donated by Borderless World
Foundation to the J&K-based Chinar Corps
– Assam announces Covid relief package for drivers, helpers, priests
– U. Raja Babu appointed as Director of Hyderabad-based Research Centre Imarat

– External affairs minister S. Jaishankar slams China for terror stand at UNSC
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– India’s foreign exchange reserves decrease by USD 2.099 billion to stand at USD 619.365 billion
for the week ended August 13
– Facebook India launches ‘Small Business Loans Initiative’ to help SMBs get quick access to credit
WORLD
– World Mosquito Day observed on August 20; theme: “Reaching the zero-malaria target”
– Malaysia’s King appoints Ismail Sabri Yaakob as new Prime Minister
– China passes tough new online privacy law aimed at preventing businesses from collecting
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sensitive personal data
– Sonny Chiba, a Japanese martial arts expert and actor who appeared in Quentin Tarantino’s “Kill
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Bill,” dies at 82
SPORTS
– O.M Nambiar, coach of former athlete PT Usha, dies in Kozhikode, at the age of 89; won
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Dronacharya Award and Padma Shri
– India’s Manika Batra & G Sathiyan wins mixed doubles title at the WTT Contender table tennis
tournament in Budapest
ps
August 23, 2021
INDIA
– Exercise Konkan 2021 held between INS Tabar and HMS Westminster in English Channel on Aug
tn
16
– Country’s highest altitude herbal park at a height of 11,000 feet inaugurated at Mana village near
Indo-China border in Uttarakhand’s Chamoli district
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– Children in India at extremely high risk of climate crisis impacts: UNICEF says in its Children’s
Climate Risk Index’ (CCRI) report
– Former UP CM Kalyan Singh dies at 89; was CM in 1991–1992 & 1997–1999
t.m
– Film producer and former Times of India Executive Pradeep Guha dies in Mumbai
– Actress Chitra dies in Chennai at 56
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman launches ‘Ubharte Sitaare Fund’ (USF) for export-oriented
firms and startups in Lucknow
– NTPC commissions 25 Megawatt floating solar PV project at Simhadri thermal station in
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Visakhapatnam (AP)
– USAID, DFC tie-up with Kotak Bank for $50 mn loan guarantee for women, MSMEs in India
WORLD
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– UN observes International Day of Remembrance and Tribute to the Victims of Terrorism on August
21
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– China allows couples third child amid demographic crisis

SPORTS
– India’s Amit Khatri wins silver in 10,000m race walk at World U-20 Athletics in Nairobi
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– Stadium in premises of Army Sports Institute in Pune to be named after Tokyo Olympics gold
medallist Neeraj Chopra
– India’s R. Praggnanandhaa wins RTU Open blitz chess title in Riga (Latvia)
August 23, 2021
INDIA
– India, the US, Australia and Japan to carry out Malabar naval exercise off the coast of Guam (an
island territory of the US in the Western Pacific) from August 26 to 29
– World Sanskrit Day celebrated on August 22; is celebrated every year on Poornima of Shravana
month
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Finance Ministry summons Infosys CEO Salil Parekh on August 23 over persistent glitches in
Income tax e-filing portal
– IBA (Indian Banks’ Association) moves RBI seeking licence to set up Rs 6,000-cr NARCL (National
Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd)
– Railways suffered losses to the tune of ₹36,000 crore during the coronavirus pandemic: Raosaheb
Danve, Minister of State for Railways
– GAIL to foray into hydrogen generation, scale up its renewable portfolio
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WORLD
– International Day Commemorating the Victims of Acts of Violence Based on Religion or Belief
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observed by UN on August 22
SPORTS
– Boxing: Cuba’s Yordenis Ugas defeats Manny Pacquiao of Philippines in Nevada (US) to retain
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WBA welterweight title
– India’s Shaili Singh wins silver in women’s long jump at World Athletics under-20 championships in
Nairobi
ps
– Syed Shahid Hakim, 1960 Rome Olympian and former national football coach, dies aged 82
August 24, 2021
INDIA tn
– Farmers have right to protest but stir should not hinder traffic: SC
– Indian Army clears way for promotion of 5 women officers to Colonel rank, post completion of 26
years of reckonable service
e/
– India’s first smog tower inaugurated in Delhi’s Connaught Place; will purify 1,000 cubic metres of
air per second within a radius of around 1 km
– Manipur CM N. Biren Singh launches COVID-19 Affected Livelihood Support Scheme
t.m
– Indian naval ship Shakti with 100 tonnes of Liquid Medical Oxygen (LMO) reaches Sri Lanka
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– FM Nirmala Sitharaman launches Rs 6 lakh crore ‘National Monetisation Pipeline’ scheme
– RBI appointed panel under the chairmanship of N. S. Vishwanathan suggests 4-tier structure for
Urban Co-operative Banks; minimum CRAR (Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio) for them could
vary from 9 per cent to 15 per cent
//
– CCI (Competition Commission of India) imposes penalty of Rs 200 crore on Maruti Suzuki for
restricting discounts offered by its dealers
– Union Minister of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj, Giriraj Singh launches new portal under
s:
Bhuvan “Yuktdhara” to facilitate planning of new MGNREGA assets using Remote Sensing and GIS
based information
tp
– IIT, Madras develops India’s first indigenous motorised wheelchair vehicle called ‘NeoBolt’
– India pitches indigenously built fighter aircraft, anti-tank missiles at ‘ARMY- 2021’ in Moscow
WORLD
– International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition commemorated on
ht
August 23
– US FDA grants full approval to Pfizer-BioNTech Covid vaccine; had emergency-use authorization
since December
– US: Thousands without power as tropical storm Henri makes landfall near Rhode Island
August 25, 2021
INDIA
¬– Covid-19 vaccination slots can now be booked on WhatsApp: Health Minister
¬– MEA calls India’s evacuation mission from Afghanistan named ‘Operation Devi Shakti’
¬– First of two additional Krivak class stealth frigates being built by Russia expected to be delivered
to India in the middle of 2023
¬– Tamil Nadu CM announces Rs 39 crore memorial for Karunanidhi on Chennai’s Marina beach
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
¬– Labour ministry to launch National Database for Unorganised Workers (NDUW) or e-Sharm
portal
¬– ‘The Ashok’, 7 other ITDC hotels to be monetised in next 4 years
¬– ISRO seeks proposals for analysis, utilisation of Chandrayaan-2 data
e
¬– India’s Ambassador to US Taranjit Singh Sandhu meets US Secretary of Commerce Gina
Raimondo in Washington
re
WORLD
¬– India conducts naval exercise with the Philippines in the South China Sea
¬– Pakistan tests guided multi-launch rocket system Fatah-1
cf
¬– Covid-19 pushes 80 million people in Asia into extreme poverty: ADB
SPORTS
¬– Former Indian Footballer O Chandrasekharan passes away in Kochi at 86
ps
August 26, 2021
INDIA
– Govts should take approval of HC before withdrawing cases against MPs/MLAs: SC
tn
– PM chairs 37th PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance And Timely Implementation) Meeting
– Jal Shakti Ministry begins SUJALAM, a 100 days campaign as part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
celebrations
e/
– Minister of State for Home Nityanand Rai attends UNESCAP Regional Conversation Series 2021:
Ministerial Panel on Disaster, Climate and Health Resilience
– India makes E-Visa mandatory for all Afghan citizens; all previous visas stand invalidated
t.m
– Armies of India and Kazakhstan to conduct 13-day military exercise “KAZIND-21” from Aug 30 in
Kazakhstan
– Dr Gail Omvedt, US-born renowned Dalit researcher, dies at 81 in Sangli, Maharashtra
PSBs
– Finance Ministers awards best performing PSBs
– PSBs reported a profit of Rs. 31,817 crores in FY21 as compared to a loss of Rs. 26,016 crores in
//
FY20.
– PSBs total gross non-performing assets stood at Rs. 6.16 lakh crore as of March 2021 – a reduction
of Rs. 62,000 crores from March 2020 levels
s:
– Govt hikes pension payout for families of deceased PSB bankers to 30% of last drawn salary
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
tp
– ¬RBI extends tokenization services to Internet of Things (IoT) devices

– CCEA approves Rs 15,000-crore FDI proposal of Anchorage Infrastructure Investment Holding, a
subsidiary of Canada-based pension fund OMERS
– Cabinet approves an increase in Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) on sugarcane to Rs 290 per
ht
quintal
– Cabinet approves pact between ICAI and Institute of Professional Accountants of Russia
– Minister of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) Ashwini Vaishnaw launces Startup
Accelerators of MeitY for Product Innovation, Development and growth (SAMRIDH) programme to
support startups and entrepreneurs in their initial phase
– In a first, Army receives hand grenades from a private sector company – Nagpur-based Economic
Explosives Limited (EEL)
– India-ASEAN Engineering Partnership Summit organized by EEPC India

WORLD
– Marion Cotillard wins lifetime achievement award at Spain’s San Sebastian film festival
– Former Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Mangala Samaraweera dies at 65
– Chad’s former dictator Hissene Habre dies in Senegal at 79
– Rolling Stones drummer Charlie Watts dies aged 80
August 27, 2021
INDIA
e
– President approves appointment of nine judges, including three women, to the SC whose working
strength goes up to 33 against the sanctioned strength of 34
re
– Maharashtra: ‘Mission Vatsalya’ launched for women who lost their husbands due to COVID-19
– First edition of North Eastern Region District SDG Index Report and Dashboard 2021-22 released;
East Sikkim ranks first
– Education Ministry’s innovation cell, AICTE, BPR&D (Bureau of Police Research and Development)
cf
launch MANTHAN 2021 initiative to identify innovative concepts and technology solutions for
addressing the security challenges faced by intelligence agencies
– Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare Mansukh Mandaviya takes charge as Chairperson of
ps
Stop TB Partnership Board
– New voters to get personalised letter from EC along with voter I card
– Former Union Minister K J Alphons presents his book ‘Accelerating India: 7 Years of Modi
Government’ to PM tn
– Renowned percussionist Pt Subhankar Banerjee dies in Kolkata at the age of 54
– Stockholm World Water Week held online from August 23 to 27, theme: ‘Building Resilience
Faster’
e/
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Labour ministry unveils National Database for Unorganised Workers or e-Shram portal
– Civil Aviation Ministry eases rules regarding drone operations in the country by reducing the
t.m
number of forms that need to be filled to operate them from 25 to 5 and decreasing the types of fees
charged from the operator from 72 to 4
– Civil Aviation Ministry signs MoU with Adani group for providing services at 3 airports: Jaipur,
Guwahati and Thiruvananthapuram
– DGCA lifts ban on Boeing 737 MAX aircraft for commercial flight operations, after two-and-half
years
//
– Govt approves extension of terms of three MD-CEOs, 10 EDs of PSU banks

– HDFC Bank lists $1-bn additional tier- I (AT-1) bonds on IFSC exchanges
– NITI Aayog, Cisco launch next phase of the Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP)
s:
– NTPC announces recruitment of an all-Female Engineers batch on Women’s Equality Day (Aug 26)
– Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman chairs 2nd BRICS Finance Ministers and Central Bank
Governors Meeting
tp
WORLD
– China, Pakistan, Mongolia, Thailand to participate in “Shared Destiny-2021” defence exercise in
China on September 6-15
ht
– Malabar exercise featuring navies of all four Quad countries (India, the United States, Australia
and Japan) begins off the coast of Guam
– Algeria cuts diplomatic ties with ‘hostile’ Morocco
August 28, 2021
INDIA
– Union Agriculture Minister Narendra Singh Tomar chairs 11th meeting of Agriculture Ministers of
BRICS countries

– Navies of India and Germany carry out joint exercise in Gulf of Aden
– Tamil Nadu: CM M. K. Stalin announces welfare package of Rs 317 crore for Sri Lankan Tamil
refugees living in the state
– TN moves SC to restrain Karnataka from proceeding with Mekedatu reservoir
– Actor Sonu Sood appointed brand ambassador of the Delhi government’s ‘Desh Ke Mentors’
program
– Celebrity chef and Malayalam film producer Naushad dies at 54
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Foreign exchange reserves declined by USD 2.47 billion to reach USD 616.895 billion in the week
e
ended August 20
– RBI increases incentives for banks for distribution of coins to the general public to Rs 65 from Rs
re
25 per bag with effect from September 1
– 30-share BSE Sensex closes above 56,000 points for the first time
– Mahindra Defence Systems bags Indian Navy contract worth Rs 1,349.95 crore for manufacturing
cf
of Integrated Anti-Submarine Warfare Defence Suite (IADS) for warships
WORLD
– UN’s Universal Postal Union (UPU) bans British stamps in Chagos island which is claimed by
ps
Mauritius
– Kabul airport attack kills 60 Afghans and 13 US troops
SPORTS
– Indian Grandmaster S. P. Sethuraman wins Barcelona Open chess tournament
tn
– Defence Minister Rajnath Singh renames Army Sports Institute stadium in Pune as “Neeraj Chopra
Stadium”
August 29, 2021
e/
INDIA
– Ministry of Minority Affairs organises ‘Mera Watan Mera Chaman’ Mushaira as part of Amrit
t.m
Mahotsav in New Delhi

– L&T-built Offshore Patrol Vessel ICGS Vigraha commissioned into Indian Coast Guard
– 7th BRICS Environment Ministers Meeting held virtually
– Telangana: Former PM P.V. Narasimha Rao’s ancestral home in Vangara village of Karimnagar
district to be a museum
– La Ganesan sworn in as 17th Governor of Manipur in Imphal
//
– Union Minister of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Sarbananda Sonowal announces setting up of
Skill Institute on Marine Studies at Guwahati
– Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman inaugurates menstrual hygiene project ‘My Pad, My
s:
Right’, flags off mobile ATM van in Tripura

– French development agency AFD to fund Rajasthan Forestry and Bio-development Project
tp
– Chhattisgarh: Central secretariat inaugurated at Nava Raipur by Housing and Urban Affairs
Minister Hardeep Singh Puri
– Centre brings new ‘BH’ registration series for personal vehicles to ensure seamless transfer across
states
ht
– Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana completes seven years

– Prime Minister inaugurates renovated complex of Jallianwala Bagh memorial in Amritsar
– President unveils statue of Sampurnanand, former CM of UP, at Lucknow, inaugurates Mahayogi
Gorakhnath Vishwavidyalaya at Gorakhpur, UP.
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– Government releases draft of declaration to be given by companies to enable withdrawal of retro
tax demands
– Centre sets up panel to develop technological platform for streamlining revenue litigation:

Supreme Court told
– FDI equity inflows up 168% to USD 17.57 billion during April-June 2021-22
– Remittances to Nepal: RBI hikes per transaction cap to Rs 2 lakh from Rs 50,000
– Madras HC makes five-year ‘bumper to bumper’ insurance of new automobiles mandatory
– Govt. extends term of UCO Bank MD & CEO Atul Kumar Goel for two years.
WORLD
– Origin of COVID-19: U.S. intelligence agencies fail to reach conclusion
– Pulitzer Board announces special citation, $100K emergency relief grant for journalists in
Afghanistan
e
SPORTS
– England beats India by innings and 76 runs in 3rd test at Headingley Cricket Ground, in Leeds, 5-
re
match series level at 1-1
August 30, 2021
cf
INDIA
– President Ram Nath Kovind inaugurates 65-day long Ramayana conclave in Ayodhya
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
ps
– First commercial batch of Covaxin released from Bharat Biotech’s new plant at Ankleshwar in
Gujarat’s Bharuch district by Union Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya
– Railways floats tender for 58 Vande Bharat trains
– Govt extends payment deadline for Vivaad Se Vishwas scheme till September end
tn
– Web version of e-GOPALA application developed by National Dairy Development Board (NDDB)
launched by Parshottam Rupala, Union Minister of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying
– Suspension of scheduled international passenger flights due Covid-19 been extended till Sept 30:
e/
DGCA
WORLD
– International Day against Nuclear Tests observed by UN on August 29
t.m
– Greater Male Connectivity Project (GMCP): Indian firm AFCONS to build a bridge in the Maldives
to improve connectivity between islands
– SpaceX launches shipment of ants, avocados, robot to International Space Station from NASA’s
Kennedy Space Center in Florida (US)
TOKYO PARALYMPICS
//
– Bhavinaben Patel wins silver medal women’s singles in table tennis class 4
– Nishad Kumar wins silver medal in men’s high jump T47
– Vinod Kumar wins bronze medal in men’s discus throw
s:
SPORTS
– Sports Minister Anurag Thakur launches Fit India Mobile App on National Sports Day (August 29):
the birth anniversary of hockey legend Major Dhyan Chand
tp
– India’s G. Sathiyan wins men’s singles title at Czech International table tennis tournament at
Olomouc
– Former England Test captain Ted Dexter dies at 86; made 4,502 runs and took 66 wickets in 62
ht
tests
August 31, 2021
INDIA
– INS Airavat reaches Ho Chi Minh City Port in Vietnam with COVID relief material as part of the
ongoing Mission Sagar
– Drought-hit farmers in Chhattisgarh to get Rs 9,000 per acre aid under the Rajiv Gandhi Kisan
Nyay Yojana (RGKNY): CM Bhupesh Baghel
– Noted Bengali author Buddhadeb Guha dies at 85 in Kolkata
ECONOMY & CORPORATE
– National Small Industry Day celebrated on August 30
– RBI issues direction on compensation of private banks’ top officials
– Bank of Baroda ED Shanti Lal Jain appointed as Indian Bank MD & CEO
WORLD
– International Day of the Victims of Enforced Disappearances observed by UN on August 30
– US: Hurricane Ida strikes Louisiana state
SPORTS
– Tokyo Paralympic Games: Shooter Avani Lekhara wins gold in R-2 women’s 10m Air Rifle Standing
e
SH1; becomes first Indian woman to win gold at Paralympics
re
– Tokyo Paralympic Games: Sumit Antil wins gold in men’s javelin throw F64 category
– Tokyo Paralympic Games: Devendra Jhajharia wins silver in men’s javelin throw F46; Sundar Singh
Gurjar wins bronze
– Tokyo Paralympic Games: Yogesh Kathuniya wins silver medal in men’s discus throw F56
cf
– Tokyo Paralympic Games: Indian discus thrower Vinod Kumar loses F52 category bronze medal
after being found ineligible in disability classification assessment
– P. Iniyan wins Noisiel International Open 2021 chess tournament in Paris
ps
– Badminton: India’s Meiraba Luwang Maisam wins men’s singles at Latvia International tournament
– Red Bull’s Max Verstappen wins Formula One Belgian GP at Spa-Francorchamps
– Alexander Zverev, Ashleigh Barty win singles titles at Western & Southern Open tennis
– Former IOC (International Olympic Committee) President Jacques Rogge dies at 79
tn
August 16, 2021
August 14: Partition Horrors Remembrance Day
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced on August 14, 2021 that, August 14 would now be observed as
e/
“Partition Horrors Remembrance Day”.
Key Points
The day would be observed every year to commemorate the “struggles and sacrifices” of millions of
t.m
people who were displaced and lost their lives during Partition.
On August 14, Pakistan emerged as a political entity after Partition and is observed as Independence
Day of Pakistan.
Significance
//
This move by Prime Minister becomes significant in the backdrop of situation in Afghanistan and advance
of the Taliban raising old spectres in the region.
Partition Horrors Remembrance Day
s:
This day is a national Memorial Day in India, that was announced to be observed on August 14. The day
commemorates the victims and sufferings of people during Partition of India. It remembers the sufferings
of Indians during partition. The day was announced with the aim of reminding Indians the need of removing
tp
social divisions and disharmony. It seeks to further strengthen the spirit of oneness, social harmony and
human empowerment.
About Partition
ht
Partition was the division of British India into two independent dominions namely India and Pakistan. These
two dominions have gone through further reorganisation. Dominion of India is called as Republic of India.
The Dominion of Pakistan was composed of Islamic Republic of Pakistan and People’s Republic of
Bangladesh. Partition basically divided two provinces, Bengal and Punjab on the basis of district-wide non-
Muslim or Muslim majorities. Partition also led to the division of British Indian Army, Royal Indian Navy,
Indian Civil Service, central treasury and railways. The partition was done in accordance to the Indian
Independence Act 1947. The act also dissolved the British Raj in India. Dominions of India and Pakistan

legally came into existence on 15 August 1947.
Why partition is a horror?
Partition led to the displacement of some 10 and 20 million people on the religious lines, creating a refugee
crisis in India and Pakistan. It is marked with large-scale violence that ultimately created an everlasting
atmosphere of hostility and suspicion between India and Pakistan.
Tamil Nadu -First state to cut petrol price by Rs. 3/litre
Tamil Nadu has become the first state in India to cut the petrol price in fiscal year 2021-22 by Rs 3/litre,
providing a major relief to consumers.
e
Key Points
Price cut was announced by State Finance Minister Palanivel Thiagarajan during his budget speech
re
on August 13 and it came into effect from August 14.
It is expected to cause a revenue loss of ₹1,160 crore for the state exchequer.
cf
Background
Diesel and petrol prices in India have hit record highs. Government cites price rise in global crude oil by
more than 50 percent as the reason for increasing prices in India.
ps
Price dynamics in India
In India, the retail petrol and diesel prices are decontrolled and are linked to global crude oil prices.
Thus, if crude prices decrease, retails prices should decrease too and vice versa.
But this does not happen on the ground because, oil price decontrol is a one-way process in India.
tn
When global crude oil prices reduce, government starts charging fresh taxes and levies in order to
earn extra revenues.
Thus, primary beneficiary of the mechanism of price decontrol is the government in India.
e/
Impact on inflation
As per experts, impact of rising fuel inflation is counterbalanced by declining food inflation. However,
consumers with higher expenditure on travel are highly affected by higher prices. It also impacts farmers
t.m
who rely on diesel-powered irrigation system.

Are petrol and diesel under GST?
No, petrol and diesel have been kept out the purview of GST.
Tamil Nadu presents Separate Budget for Agriculture
Tamil Nadu legislative assembly presented a separate budget for Agriculture for the first time in the history
//
of the assembly. Budget was presented by Tamil Nadu Minister for Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare. MRK
Pannerselvam on August 13, 2021.
s:
Highlights
Minister dedicated the budget to farmers who are protesting at New Delhi against the three farm
laws.
tp
Budget was drafted after conducting discussions with farmers and representatives of farmers
associations from 18 districts.
About the Budget
ht
Government allocated Rs 34,220.65 crores for Agriculture and allied sectors including Horticulture,
Animal Husbandry, Revenue, Fisheries, Agricultural Engineering, Tamil Nadu Agriculture University,
Rural development and Panchayat Raj.
During the last budget, government had allocated Rs 11,894.48 for these sectors.
Kalaignar’s Anaithu Grama Oruginaintha Velan Valarchi Thittam’: Government have planned to
implement this project in the span of next five years to ensure all villages of Tamil Nadu could attain
overall development and self-sufficiency in agriculture.

Budget highlights, there are 12,524 village panchayats in Tamil Nadu and this scheme will be
implemented in one-fifth of the village panchayats each year.
This year, scheme will be implemented in 2,500 village panchayats in the year 2021.
Government has also decided to convert 11.75 lakh hectares of fallow lands into farmland in 10 years
in order to increase the area of cultivation from 60 to 75 per cent.
Double-cropped area will be increased to 20 lakh hectares from one lakh hectare. Area will be
increased by establishing new water resources and developing micro-irrigation clusters
Rs 573.24 crores were allocated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University.
e
Separate wing for organic farming will also be created under the Agriculture Department. Farmers will
be encouraged by means of subsidy for adopting organic farming method.
re
Rural Youth Agricultural Skill Development Mission
This mission will be launched to motivate educated youth in order to take up agriculture to next level at their
native places. 2500 youth will be trained in the first phase in areas of grafting, operating horticulture,
cf
layering etc. Rs 5 crores have been allocated for this scheme.
Assam passed Cattle Preservation Bill
ps
Assam Assembly passed the “Assam Cattle Preservation Bill, 2021” on August 13, 2021.
About the bill
Assam Cattle Preservation Bill, 2021 prohibits the sale and purchase of beef in areas inhabited by
non-beef-eating communities. tn
It also prohibits the sale and purchase of beef within a radius of 5 km of a temple or a satra
(Vaishnavite monastery).
This bill will repeal the Assam Cattle Preservation Act, 1950.
e/
It was passed with the aim of regulating “slaughter, consumption, illegal transportation” of cattle.
It prohibits inter-state transport of cattle to/from and through Assam without any valid documents.
This clause was included ostensibly to look after cattle smuggling to Bangladesh.
t.m
Background
The bill was introduced in the Assembly July 12, citing that, the 1950 Act lacked “sufficient legal provisions”
of regulating slaughter, consumption and the transportation of cattle. Thus, the new legislation was the
need of the hour.
Provision of fine under new law
//
According to the new law, anybody who are found to be guilty will be jailed for a minimum term of three
years which can be extended for eight years. Provision of Rs 3 lakh is also there, which can be extended up
s:
to Rs 5 lakh. For repeat offenders, punishment will be doubled. However, law will not be applied to “religious
occasions”. On such occasion, slaughter of cattle excluding cow, heifer and calf, is allowed.
Why Cattle slaughter is controversial in India?
tp
Cattle slaughter, particularly cow slaughter, is controversial in India. This is because of cattle’s traditional
status as a respected and endeared living being in Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism, Buddhism, and
Zoroastrianism. On the other hand, it is considered an acceptable source of meat by Muslims, Christians
ht
and other non-Dharmic Religions like Animists and non-Indian Zoroastrians. Legislation against cattle
slaughter is in place in most of the Indian states except in Kerala, Goa, West Bengal, and Northeast India.
Kaziranga Park: India’s first National Park to give Satellite Phones to Forest Guards
Kaziranga National Park of Assam have become the first national park of India to be equipped with satellite
phones.
Highlights
About 10 satellites phones were handed over to forest personnel of Kaziranga National Park by

Assam Chief Secretary Jishnu Barua.
This decision was taken at a meeting chaired by Assam Chief Minister Dr Himanta Biswa Sarma May
27, 2021.
Significance of the move
According to an official of Kaziranga National Park, this move will boost anti-poaching measures in the
park. These satellite phones will be used in the six ranges of park having no wireless or poor mobile
connectivity. Thus, it will help in taking timely measures.
Who is the service provider?
e
Satellite Phones were procured for the park by Assam State Disaster Management Authority (ASDMA) at an
estimated cost of Rs 16 lakh. Service will be provided by BSNL while monthly expenses will be fulfilled by
re
park authorities. BSNL also trained the forest personnel to operate satellite phones in the areas where
satellite phones do not work like in in shadow areas and grooves.
Kaziranga National Park
cf
This national park of India is spread to the district of Golaghat, Karbi Anglong and Nagaon in state of
Assam. It hosts two-thirds of world’s great one-horned rhinoceroses. Park has also been listed as a World
ps
Heritage Site. According to the census of 2018, there are 2413 rhino population in Kaziranga National Park.
It includes 1,641 adult rhinos, 387 sub-adults and 385 calves. Kaziranga was known for the highest density
of tigers among protected areas in the world. It was declared a Tiger Reserve in 2006. Presently, highest
tiger density is in Orang National Park of Assam. Birdlife international for conservation of avifaunal species
tn
also recognises Kaziranga park as an Important Bird Area.
Bharat Petroleum launched door-to-door delivery of Diesel
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) launched door-to-door delivery of ‘High Speed Diesel’ with the
e/
objective of meeting the growing demand.
Key Points
BPCL also dedicated 15 mobile browsers and 9 jerry on the eve of Independence Day in Eastern
t.m
Region.
Initiative of door-to-door delivery using mobile dispensers has resulted in commissioning of 1588
FuelKarts and 129 FuelEnts within two years across the industry.
About Fuelkarts
Fuelkart helps in enhancing operational efficiency for customers in consistent with the philosophy of ease
//
of doing business. It ensures delivery within time, complete assurance of quality & quantity and well as safe
& secure product handling.
s:
Background
BPCL has already launched 63 mobile dispensers across the states of West Bengal, Odisha, Bihar,
Jharkhand as well as North-East states.
tp
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)

BPCL is an Indian government-owned oil and gas corporation, operating under the parent head of Ministry of
Petroleum and Natural Gas. It is headquartered in Mumbai. Company operates two large refineries in Kochi
ht
and Mumbai. It is considered as second-largest downstream oil company of India. In the 2020 Fortune List
of World’s biggest Corporations, it was ranked at 309th position.
What is high speed diesel?
High speed diesel is usually used as a fuel in medium and high-speed compression ignition engines that
operates above 750 rpm. It is used in commercial vehicles, locomotives, stationary diesel engines and
pumps etc.

Sainik Schools Open for Girls
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, during his address on 75th Independence Day celebration, announced that
Sainik Schools across India will now be open for female students as well.
Highlights
This decision was taken following the messages from lakhs of female students that they also want to
study in Sainik School.
Girls were first allowed in Sainik schools of Mizoram about 2.5 years ago.
Sainik Schools
e
Sainik Schools are system of schools that was established and managed by Sainik Schools Society. It
comes under Ministry of Defence (MoD). Establishment of sainik schools was led by V. K. Krishna Menon in
re
1961, who was the then Defence Minister of India.
Why Sainik Schools were established?
cf
Sainik Schools were established in order to rectify regional and class imbalance amongst Officer cadre of
Indian Military. Schools were opened to prepare students mentally and physically to enter into the National
Defence Academy (NDA) and Indian Naval Academy (INA).
ps
How many such schools are there?
As of now, there were 33 Sainik Schools. Now, MoD is set to establish 100 more boarding Sainik Schools in
public–private partnership (PPP) mode.
Who run Sainik Schools? tn
MoD run Sainik Schools in association with the respective state governments. MoD provides funding and
serving officers for the post of Principal while, State governments provide land, infrastructure and teaching
& administrative employees.
e/
Curriculum of Sainik Schools
Sainik Schools follow “CBSE Plus” curriculum by using CBSE curriculum with the additional aim of preparing
children for entry into NDA and INA.
t.m
India target to become ‘Energy Independent’ by 2047

Prime Minister Narendra Modi while addressing the nation on August 15, highlighted India’s target to
become ‘energy independent’ by 2047, when India will be celebrating 100th year of Independence.
Highlights
India targets to become energy independent through a mix of electric mobility, gas-based economy
//
and mixing ethanol in petrol.

Prime Minister highlighted his target of making India a hub for hydrogen production.
s:
Currently, India spends more Rs 12 lakh crore on energy imports per year.
Roadmap to become energy independent
Roadmap for India to become energy independent include:
tp
1. Increasing usage of natural gas in the economy

2. Setting up a network of CNG and piped natural gas network throughout India
3. Blending 20 per cent ethanol in petrol and electric mobility.
ht
India’s current achievement

Presently, India has achieved the target of 100 gigawatts of renewable energy capacity much before the set
the target.
Energy policy of India
Energy Policy of India is defined by expanding energy deficit and increased focus of India on developing
alternative sources of energy like nuclear, solar and wind energy. As of 2017, India has attained 63% overall
energy self-sufficiency.

Primary Energy Consumption in India
Primary energy consumption in India has increased by 2.3% in 2019. It has become the third biggest
consumer after China and USA, with global share of 5.8%.
India’s net import
As of 2018, India’s net imports were about 205.3 million tons of crude oil and its products, 26.3 Mtoe of
LNG and 141.7 Mtoe coal. They totalled to 46.13% of total primary energy consumption. India is largely
dependent on fossil fuel imports to meet its domestic energy demands. As per reports, India’s dependence
on energy imports is expected to exceed 53% by 2030.
e
National Hydrogen Mission Launched
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched National Hydrogen Mission on August 15, 2021 from Lal Quila on
re
the occasion of celebration of 75th Independence Day. This mission was launched to push for energy
security of India.
cf
Key Points
This mission was announced in the backdrop of India spending Rs 12 trillion annually to meet its
energy needs.
ps
The mission seeks to make India a global hub for green hydrogen production and exports.
India currently imports 85% of its oil and 53% of its gas demand.
On the occasion, pm stressed that, for India to progress and become self-reliant, it becomes
important to become energy independent. tn
In the line, India is considering to make it mandatory for fertilizer plants and oil refineries to buy green
hydrogen under its plans to cut dependence on fossil fuels.
How Green Hydrogen is produced?
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Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen with the help of electrolyzer which
is powered by electricity from renewable energy sources like wind and solar.
Green Hydrogen Consumption Obligation (GHCO)
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Government of India has also planned to implement Green Hydrogen Consumption Obligation (GHCO) in
fertilizer production and petroleum refining. It is similar to renewable purchase obligations (RPO) that
require electricity distribution companies to buy a fixed amount of renewable energy. It helps to cut reliance
on fossil fuels.
Hydrogen Demand in India
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Total hydrogen demand in India is 6.7 million tonnes currently. It is expected to increase to 11.7 million
tonnes (mt) by 2029-30.
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About Hydrogen
It is a colourless, odourless gas found in Earth’s atmosphere. It is used for industrial uses like petroleum
refining, manufacturing of chemicals, steel, & ammonia fertilisers and aerospace applications.
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How it is extracted?
Hydrogen is extracted through two methods for Industrial purposes, namely, gasification of coal or through
steam methane reformation (SMR). In SMR, methane from natural gas is heated with steam to produce
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carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which is used as fuel. However, these methods aren’t carbon-friendly and
cause vast emissions of greenhouse gasses. Hydrogen produced from this method is called as brown
hydrogen. While the Green hydrogen is extracted without releasing any emissions at all.
Pradhan Mantri Gatishakti National Master Plan
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced a Rs 100 lakh crore Pradhan Mantri Gatishakti initiative on August
15, 2021.

Key Points
This initiative will create employment opportunities for youth in India. It will also lead to growth and
development of infrastructure.
In his address, Prime Minister highlighted that, Gatishakti-National Master Plan will be announced
soon.
Prime Minister also noted that, India needs to increase both manufacturing and exports. Each of the
product that are sold globally from India is attached to India. Thus, every product of yours is a brand
ambassador for India.
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Focus areas of the initiative
Gati Shakti plan will help in raising global profile of local manufacturers.
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It will also help manufacturers to compete with their counterparts cross the world.
It also increases the possibilities of new future economic zones.
About Special economic zone (SEZ)
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SEZ is a geographical region having economic laws that are more liberal than the domestic economic laws
of that country. India also has specific laws for its SEZs. SEZ covers a huge range of more specific zone
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types such as free-trade zones, free zones, export processing zones, industrial estates, free ports, urban
enterprise zones etc. Such zones are created to increase foreign direct investment by foreign investors.
SEZ is territory which is typically duty-free and comprises of different business & commercial laws. It is
created to administer these areas better and increasing ease of doing business.
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SEZs in India
Asia’s first Export Processing Zone was established at Kandla, Gujarat in 1965.
Government started establish SEZs in 2000 under the Foreign Trade Policy in order to redress
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infrastructural and bureaucratic challenges.
Special Economic Zones Act was passed in 2005 and SEZ Rules came in force in 2006.
Currently, 379 SEZs are notified in India of which 265 are operational.
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Around 64% of the SEZs are located in five states namely, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,
Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.
Rice under all scheme to be fortified by 2024
While addressing the nation on 75th Independence Day, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced to provide
fortified rice to poor under various schemes.
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Key Points
This decision was taken in order to address the problem of malnutrition in India.
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Providing nutrition to every poor person India is a priority of the government.

This decision was taken in the view that, malnutrition and lack of essential nutrients among poor
women and poor children is a major hurdle in their development. This, government will provide
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fortified rice with nutrition them.

Child Malnutrition is a major threat to the growth and development of children.
Micronutrient deficiencies or ‘hidden hunger’ also continue to pose significant public health problems
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in Indian populations.
Significance of the announcement
This announcement is significant because, government distributes more than 300 lakh tonnes of rice under
schemes covered under National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013.
What is food fortification?
Food fortification is the simplest and sustainable public health strategies that address the challenge of
micronutrient deficiencies. It is a cost-effective, scientifically proven, and globally recognised approach. It

also helps in easily reaching to wider & vulnerable populations by means of existing food delivery systems.
Why Rice will be fortified?
Because, rice has highest uptake in government food safety net programmes like public distribution system,
integrated child development services, mid-day meal schemes etc. Further, rice has potential to reach more
than a million people, especially women and children.
NFHS 4 report
According to National Family Health Survey report, India has the largest burden of iron-deficiency and
anaemia worldwide. About 59% of children and 50% of pregnant women are anaemic in India. Child and
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maternal malnutrition accounts for 15% of India’s total disease burden.
Odisha to provide Smart Health Cards under Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana
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Odisha Chief Minister, Naveen Patnaik, announced that his government will provide smart health cards
under Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana.
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Key Points
Smart health cards will be provided to 3.5 crore people in 96 lakh families in the state.
Beneficiaries of national & state food security schemes and Annapurna and Antyodaya initiatives will
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be provided these cards.
Under it, women can avail treatment up to Rs 10 lakh per year.
Other family members will get the benefit of up to Rs 5 lakh each.
According to the CM, Odisha is the first state in India to provide such smart health cards.
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Where this service can be availed?
Health card beneficiaries can avail health services across 200 hospital chains in India including in Odisha.
This will strengthen the health security for the people.
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Why this initiative was launched?
This initiative was launched in the backdrop of people selling land and valuables or dropping their children
out of schools to arrange the treatment costs. Under it, people will get distress free and hassle-free
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treatment to at best available health care facilities.

Annapurna Scheme
Annapurna Scheme was launched in April, 2000 with the aim of providing food security to meet requirement
of those senior citizens who remained uncovered under National Old Age Pension Scheme. It covers 20% of
persons eligible to receive pension under NOAPS. Central assistance is provided to beneficiaries having age
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of 65 years or above. Under this scheme, beneficiaries are provided 10 Kg. of food grains per month free of
cost.
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Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana

It is a universal health coverage scheme, covering around 70 lakhs families. It was launched by chief
minister of Odisha and 250 crore was sanctioned for this scheme. Under it, a cashless healthcare
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assistance will be provided. It will provide an annual health coverage of Rs 5 lakhs to every family and 7
lakhs per women members of every family.
Google celebrates birth anniversary of Subhadra Kumari Chauhan
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Google paid tribute to Subhadra Kumari Chauhan on her 117th birth anniversary by dedicating a creative
doodle to her.
Key Points
Subhadra Kumari Chauhan was an Indian activist, freedom fighter, and poet.
Google doodle was illustrated by Prabha Mallya who us a a New Zealand-based guest artist.
Doodle signifies Chauhan dressed in a saree, sitting & holding a pen with several notes.
Doodle also shows Jhansi Ki Rani and several freedom fighters.

Google also described Chauhan as a ‘trailblazing writer and freedom fighter’ who earned national
prominence during the time when literature dominated by men.
About Subhadra Kumari Chauhan
Subhadra Kumari Chauhan was an Indian activist who was also a poet. She also flighted for freedom. Her
works gained national recognition when there was domination of male in the field of literature. She was
born on August 16, 1904 in Nihalpur village of Uttar Pradesh. She got her first poem published when she
was 9-years-old. Her poem ‘Jhansi ki Rani’ is the most recited poems of Hindi literature. Other remarkable
poems by her include ‘Balika ka Parichay’ and ‘Khilonewala’.
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What role did she play during freedom movement?
She became a part of the Indian Nationalist Movement in 1921. She urged people to join the fight by means
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of her poems. She became the first women satyagrahi in 1923. During 1940s, she published about 88
poems and 46 short stories for the fight of India’s independence. She died in 1948.
August 17, 2021
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India announced new visa for Afghans
Union Ministry of Home affairs (MHA) has announced a new category of visa for Afghans on August 17,
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2021.
Key Points
MHA took this decision in the aftermath of prevailing situation in Afghanistan.
A new category of electronic visa has been announced to fast-track their applications for entry into
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India. This electronic visa is dubbed as “e-Emergency X-Misc Visa”.
Government has also announced that it will allow people belonging to non-Muslim minority of
Afghanistan to come to India.
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Taliban regime in Afghanistan
Taliban fighters seized Afghanistan by taking complete control of Kabul on August 15, 2021. Following the
fall of Kabul, militant Islamist group announced an end to the 20-year war and declared its victory over
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Afghanistan.
India’s interest in Afghanistan
After Taliban troops took control of Kabul, India finds its strategic interests threatened in the region. India
started looking after Afghanistan post operation ‘Enduring Freedom’ by US. After this operation ended in
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2014, India started extending its friendly relation with Afghanistan government including the long-term
strategic interest and immediate humanitarian effort. India built projects like roads, dams, electricity
transmission lines & substations, schools and hospitals in Afghanistan. India’s development assistance is
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estimated to be around $3 billion.

How it impacts India’s foreign policy?
Taliban’s seizing of Afghanistan now pose threat to India’s strategic interests including projects like Stor
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Palace and Salma Dam.

Impact of Taliban’s control in India
1. Taliban is only 400 km away from the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir region. It has captured
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Badakhshan province in Afghanistan, near to Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. It puts them in a position to

export terrorism in India. Taliban would now expand training facilities and bases for these militant
groups in Afghanistan, leading to rise in terrorism.
2. Reports suggest that, Taliban has the support of Pakistan. Furthermore, China has stated its
willingness to develop friendly relations with Taliban. This would not be in favour of India.
Who are the Taliban?
On August 15, 2021, the fundamentalist Islamic force called the Taliban entered Kabul after gaining control
over much of the country following the withdrawal of US troops.
Highlights
Taliban had ruled Afghanistan from 1996 until 2001 when US troops toppled.
This group had sheltered Osama bin Laden as he planned the 9/11 attack of 2001.
Taliban’s control over Afghanistan now poses a new threat to entire political and social order of the
US as well as its allies.
About Taliban
The Islamic force called Taliban were founded in southern Afghanistan. Mullah Mohammad Omar was the
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founder of the group. He was a member of the Pashtun tribe who became a mujahideen commander. He
helped in pushing Soviets out of the country in 1989. Later in 1994, Mullah Omar formed the group in
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Kandahar comprising of 50 followers. They captured Kandahar & seized Kabul in 1996 and imposed strict
Islamic rules. These rules banned television & music, stopped girls from going to school and forced women
to wear burqas.
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Why US troops invaded them?
American troops invaded Afghanistan in 2001 and toppled Taliban’s control when Taliban refused U.S.
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demand to hand over bin Laden.
Why Taliban is fighting?
The Taliban are fighting against U.S.-backed government in Kabul. They seek to reimpose their strict version
of Islam in Afghanistan. tn
Who is the leader of the Taliban in Afghanistan?
Mawlawi Haibatullah Akhundzada, who is a Pashtun from Kandahar, is currently the leader of Taliban in
Afghanistan. Taliban have set up a council of leaders based in Pakistan called Quetta Shura. It guides the
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group’s decisions.
How do they fund themselves?
The Taliban makes money by Afghanistan’s illegal drug trade. They impose taxes on poppy growers and
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heroin producers in the areas of Afghanistan it controls. They also impose taxes on businesses and operate
illegal mines. Besides, it receives funding from supporters in Pakistan and the Gulf.
Malaysia: PM resigns amid political turmoil
Malaysian Prime Minister, Muhyiddin Yassin, resigned on August 16, 2021 following the months of political
turmoil in the country.
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Highlights
He and his cabinet resigned after losing his majority.
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His resignation is going to open another chapter of instability as there is absence of any obvious
successor currently.
He resigned after the tenure of 17 months in office. Thus, it is the shortest stint of Malaysian leader.
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His resignation also impacts the efforts towards rebooting economy and controlling resurgence of
Covid infections.
Ringgit currency of Malaysia have fell down to one-year low and its stock market also slipped.
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Caretaker PM
King of Southeast Asian nation have appointed Muhyiddin as the caretaker PM until a new PM is selected.
No timeline has been set. As caretaker, he will have no cabinet. However, he will perform executive
functions and advise the king until a new PM is appointed.
How PM will be appointed?
King Al-Sultan Abdullah has decided not to held elections because of the covid-19 pandemic. King would be
invoking his constitutional power to appoint a prime minister who can command a majority.

Who is Muhyiddin Yassin?
Muhyiddin aged 74, is a veteran politician who started his career with the United Malays National
Organisation (UMNO). He then jumped the ship amid tumult of multibillion-dollar 1MDB scandal in 2015. He
was appointed as Prime Minister of Malaysia in March 2020 following a political turmoil.
Political Turmoil
Political turmoil in Malaysia was triggered by a power grab within the then-ruling Pakatan Harapan coalition.
It led to the resignation of former PM Mahathir Mohamad.
Delta Plus variant cases in Maharashtra rises
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Maharashtra reported 10 new cases of the Delta Plus variant. With this, total cases of Delta Plus variant has
increased to 76 in the state.
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Key Points
As per state state health department, six new cases were reported from Kolhapur, three from
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Ratnagiri while one from Sindhudurg.
Five of the 76 patients have died so far.
Death of a 63-year-old fully vaccinated woman from Mumbai was the first reported death due to the
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Delta Plus variant in the city.
Delta Plus Variant
SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant is also called as lineage B.1.617.2 or Indian variant. This variant was first
detected in India in late 2020. It was named as ‘Delta Variant” by World Health Organization (WHO) on May
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31, 2021. It comprises of mutations in the gene encoding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Delta with K417N
corresponds to lineages AY.1 as well as AY.2. This variant is called as “Delta plus” or “Nepal variant”. It
comprises of K417N mutation. Such mutation is also present in Beta variant. The exchange at position 417
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is a substitution of lysine-to-asparagine. The variant of the coronavirus is considered as highly infectious. It
was first detected during genome sequencing of swab samples from across the states in India.
Background
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Delta Variant came to international attention in March 2021 following the genome sequencing by newly
established INSACOG. Genome sequencing was performed on positive cases in Indian states. Lineage
B.1.617 later called as double mutant by news media.
INSACOG (Indian SARS-CoV-2 Consortium on Genomics)
It is the forum under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. It was established on December 25, 2020 by the
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government in order to study and monitor genome sequencing and virus variation of different strains of
COVID-19 in India.
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US President stand by his decision of withdrawing troops from Afghanistan

US President, Joe Biden, noted that he stands by his decision to withdraw American troops from
Afghanistan and blamed leadership in Afghanistan for giving in to the Taliban without any retaliation.
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Key Points
Joe Biden while addressing the nation noted that, he learnt after 20 years that there was never a good
time to withdraw US forces. America was clear about the risks and accordingly planned for every
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contingency. So, ending US military involvement in Afghanistan was the right decisions.
He noted that, American troops cannot be left dying in war that Afghan forces are not willing to fight
for their country.
US training to Afghan troops
Biden highlighted, US has spent over a trillion dollars for training and equipping Afghan military force
(300,000 or more in number). This force is incredibly well equipped and larger in size than militaries of
many of the NATO allies. America also paid their salaries and provided aid for maintenance of their air

force.
Why US withdrew from Afghanistan?
1. US decided to withdrew troops from Afghanistan following a costly and prolonged military
intervention in the Middle East. US realised that, it can’t fix centuries-old conflicts there.
2. Promise to end America’s “endless wars” was the central themes of former US President Donald
Trump’s foreign policy.
3. US now consider China as revisionist power that can challenge US’ hegemony across the world. Thus,
US now wants to shift its military, political and diplomatic resources from Middle east to Indo-pacific
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region.
New Covid Test using Pencil Lead
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Researchers from University of Pennsylvania in US have developed a new cheaper, faster and more accurate
Covid diagnostic test that uses electrodes made from graphite to test the SARS CoV-2 Virus. It is the
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material found in pencil lead.
Highlights
Researchers noted that, current tests were limited by the trade-off between accuracy and the time it
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takes for the analysis of sample.
They highlighted that, use of Graphite electrodes reduce the cost of testing to $1.50 per test.
About Graphite
Graphite is a crystalline form of element carbon. In Graphite, atoms of carbon are arranged in a hexagonal
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structure. Graphite is also called as plumbago. It occurs naturally in this form only and is considered as the
most stable form of carbon under standard conditions.
Features of Graphite
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Graphite is converted to diamond under high pressures and temperatures.
It is used in pencils and lubricants.
It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
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Its high conductivity makes it suitable for electronic products like electrodes, batteries and solar
panels.
Types of Graphite
Major types of natural graphite are:
1. Crystalline small flakes of graphite– It occurs naturally as an isolated, flat, plate-like particle with
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hexagonal edges (if unbroken) and irregular or angular edges (when not broken).
2. Amorphous graphite– Fine flake graphite is called as amorphous graphite.
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3. Lump graphite– Also called as vein graphite. It occurs in fissure veins or fractures.
Occurrence of Graphite
Graphite occurs in metamorphic rocks because of reduction of sedimentary carbon compounds during
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metamorphism. It also occurs in igneous rock. Minerals associated with graphite are calcite, quartz, micas
and tourmaline.
Gaza militants fired rocket at Israel
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Militants in Gaza Strip fired rocket at Israel on August 16, 2021.

Key Points
The rocket was however intercepted by Iron Dome anti-missile system of Israel.
It was the first such attack since 11-day war in May 2021.
Israel has pledged to retaliate.
Gaza–Israel conflict
Gaza-Israel conflict is the part of localized Israeli–Palestinian conflict. It is also a scene of power struggle

between regional powers like Iran, Egypt and Turkey. Qatar supports different sides of this conflict in the
backdrop of regional standoff between Iran & Saudi Arabia and between Qatar & Saudi Arabia.
Background
This conflict was originated after the election of Islamist political party called Hamas in 2005 and 2006 in
Gaza Strip. Conflict escalated following the split of Palestinian Authority Palestinian government into Fatah
government in West Bank and Hamas government in Gaza.
Israel–Gaza barrier
This barrier was completed in 1996. It has helped in reducing the infiltration from Gaza Strip into Israel.
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With the start of Second Intifada, Gazans are not permitted to enter Israel for work purposes. Special
permits for medical purposes to enter Israel were also reduced.
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About Gaza Strip
It is a self-governing Palestinian territory situated on the eastern coast of Mediterranean Sea. It shares
border with Egypt in southwest, Israel in east & north. Gaza and West Bank are claimed by sovereign State
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of Palestine. Territories of Gaza and West Bank are separated from each other by Israeli territory and it is
under the jurisdiction of Palestinian Authority.
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UNSC calls International Community to Unite on Afghan Crisis
Secretary General of United Nations, Antonio Guterres, has asked the international community to unite and
use all available instruments in order to ensure Afghanistan is not used as safe haven for terrorists again.
Key Points tn
UN Security Council met for second time in a week under India’s Presidency to discuss Afghanistan.
Secretary General also urged all parties, including the Taliban, to exercise utmost restraint and called
to end violence immediately.
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He also called for the rights of Afghans to be respected and asked Afghanistan to follow all the
international agreements to which it was a party.
United Nations Security Council (UNSC)
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UNSC is one among six principal organs of the United Nations (UN). It is responsible for ensuring
international peace and security. It also recommends admission of new UN members to the General
Assembly and approves any changes to the UN Charter. It is the only UN body that have the authority to
issue binding resolutions on member states.
Power of UNSC
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Powers of UNSC comprises of:

1. To establish peacekeeping operations
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2. To enact international sanctions and

3. To authorize military action.
History
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Security Council was set up after World War II to address the failings of League of Nations in maintaining
peace across the world. First session of UNSC was held in January 1946.
Members of UNSC
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It comprises of fifteen members. Out of it, five are permanent members namely, China, France, Russia,
United Kingdom and United States. Permanent members can use the veto power on any substantive
resolution. Other ten members are elected on a regional basis for a term of two years.
Presidency of UNSC
Presidency of UNSC rotates monthly among its members. Currently, India holds the Presidency for the
month of August 2021.

HAL tests Hindustan-228 aircraft
The public sector undertaking of the Defence Ministry, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), has
successfully carried ground tests for making a civilian aircraft named ‘Hindustan-228’.
Key Points
Ground run and low speed taxi trials (LSTT) of the Hindustan-228 aircraft was carried out at HAL facility at
Kanpur.
About Hindustan-228
It is a 19-seat multirole utility aircraft. It has been built on the basis of existing frame of military plane
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Dornier 228. This civil version will be used for various applications like air ambulance, VIP transport,
passenger transport, cloud seeding, flight inspection roles and recreational activities such as para jumping,
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photography, aerial surveillance and cargo applications.
Aim of the aircraft
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Hindustan-228 aircraft has been built with the aim of supporting the regional connectivity scheme- UDAN. It
will be utilised by civil operators and state Governments for their intra and inter-state connectivity by
providing support towards training, maintenance and logistics.
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Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
HAL is a state-owned aerospace and defence company, having its headquarter in headquartered in
Bangalore. It was established on December 23, 1940. It is the oldest and largest aerospace and defence
manufacturers across the world. It started manufacturing aircraft in 1942 with licensed production of
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aircrafts like Curtiss P-36 Hawk, Harlow PC-5, and Vultee A-31 Vengeance. HAL is currently having 11
dedicated Research and development (R&D) centres along with 21 manufacturing divisions.
Who manages HAL?
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HAL is managed by a Board of Directors who are appointed by the President of India. They are appointed
through the Ministry of Defence.
Facebook bans Taliban supporting content
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Social media giant, Facebook, banned the Taliban and all the content supporting it from its platforms after
designating the Taliban as a terrorist organisation.
Highlights
Facebook has a dedicated team of Afghan experts that is monitoring and removing content linked to
this Islamic insurgent group.
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Taliban has been using social media to spread its messages for years.
So, Facebook has banned the group from its service under the Dangerous Organisation Policies.
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Under this policy of Facebook, accounts maintained by or on behalf of Taliban and account that
prohibit praise, support, and represent them will be removed.
Facebook also said, it does not make decisions about recognition of national governments. It only
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follows the authority of international community.

This policy is applied to all of its platforms like Instagram and WhatsApp.
Facebook’s high-profile decisions
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Facebook made several high-profile decisions on handling sitting world leaders and groups in power in year
2021. For instance, it blocked former U.S. President Donald Trump for inciting violence and banned on
Myanmar’s military following coup in the country.
About Facebook Inc.
It is an American multinational technology company, headquartered in Menlo Park, California. It was
founded in 2004 as TheFacebook. Mark Zuckerberg, Andrew McCollum, Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz,
and Chris Hughes, are its founding members. This social networking service became Facebook and

amasses some 2.9 billion monthly users by 2021. It acquired Instagram in 2012 and WhatsApp & Oculus in
2014. Facebook is world’s most valuable companies and is among Big Five companies in U.S. information
technology besides Apple, Google, Microsoft and Amazon. Facebook offers products and services like
Facebook Watch, Facebook Messenger and Facebook Portal. Facebook also acquired Giphy and Mapillary.
It is having a take of 9.99% in Jio Platforms.
RBI introduced Financial Inclusion Index
The Reserve Bank of India introduced the financial inclusion index on August 17, 2021.
Key Points
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The Financial Inclusion Index will be used to capture the extent of financial inclusion in India.
This index was part of the announcements made in first bi-monthly monetary policy of April 2021.
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About Financial Inclusion Index (FI Index)
Financial Inclusion Index has been conceptualised as a comprehensive index comprising the details
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of banking, insurance, investments, postal and pension sector in consultation with government and
sectoral regulators.
It captures information on different aspects of financial inclusion in a single value in the range of 0
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and 100.
0 indicates complete financial exclusion while 100 indicates complete financial inclusion.
It comprises of three broad parameters such as Access, Usage, and Quality. Each of these
parameters comprises of various dimensions, that are computed on the basis of different indicators.
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It is responsive to ease of access, availability & usage of services along with quality of services,
comprising of all 97 indicators.
Unique feature of the Index
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Unique feature is its quality parameter that captures the quality aspect of financial inclusion on the line of
financial literacy, consumer protection etc.
Base-year of index
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FI-Index has been created without any base year. It reflects cumulative efforts of all stakeholders towards
financial inclusion. It will be published annually in July.
Challenges of Financial Inclusion
According to RBI governor Shaktikanta Das, there are three challenges of improving financial inclusion
infrastructure across India:
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1. Identification of the customer

2. Reaching the last mile and
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3. Providing relevant, affordable and safe products.

Six lakh villages to get internet connectivity by 2024
According to Union Minister of State for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, Rajeev Chandrashekhar,
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six lakh villages in India will get internet connectivity by 2024 under the Bharat Net programme.
Key Points
According to the minister, about 2.8 lakh villages have got internet facility as of now.
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Government is working towards its aim to provide internet facility for each household and to provide
access to internet with a low-cost device for every member in a family.
Central government has initiated the digital village programme under which one village in each
district will be provided with better internet connectivity. So far, 5,000 digital villages had been
developed in India.
BharatNet initiative
It is a flagship mission that is being implemented by Bharat Broadband Network Ltd. (BBNL). This Special

Purpose Vehicle (SPV) was set up Government of India under Companies Act, 1956. It was under Ministry of
Communications and Information Technology in the initial phase (bifurcated into Ministry of
Communication and Ministry of Electronics & Information technology in 2016). Currently, this initiative is
being implemented by Department of Telecommunication under Ministry of Communications.
Background
Government had launched the National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN) in October 2011. In 2015, this project
was renamed as Bharat Net Project.
National Optical Fibre Network
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This mission was launched as an information superhighway by creating a robust middle-mile infrastructure
to extend broadband connectivity to Gram Panchayats. It was launched by Ministry of Communications to
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facilitate universal and equitable access to broadband services.
Vriksharopan Abhiyan – 2021 to be launched
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Vriksharopan Abhiyan – 2021 of Coal Ministry is all set to be Launched on August 19, 2021. It will be
launched as part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav.
Key Points
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In this year, coal PSUs of the Ministry of Coal have set an ambitious target to cover 2385 hectares of
area under “Go Greening” drive. Areas will be covered under bio-reclamation or plantation.
Go Greening drive will be provided the right boost by launching Vriksharopan Abhiyan 2021.
Mission will be launched by Union Minister of Coal, Mines and Parliamentary affairs, Shri Pralhad
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Joshi.
More than 300 plantation sites will be connected during the Abhiyan around coalfields across India.
Vriksharopan Abhiyan 2021
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It is a key event under the Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav celebrations in coal sector. It will bring environment
sustainability in mining operations. It will also help the coal sector to obtain social and environmental
licence in order for it to operate. It will be very crucial as more mines will be opened up by involving new
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players. It will sensitize and motivate society and common people to take more afforestation initiatives in
their areas.
Challenges before India
India is a fast-emerging economy that faces the double challenges of decarbonizing the energy sector and
meeting its rising energy demand.
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How energy demand is met in India?

Energy demand would primarily be reliant on coal because of its affordability and availability. Thus, coal
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sector plays a very crucial role in meeting India’s energy demand. In the line, coal sector in India has been
taking various innovative initiatives to promote sustainable mining.
August 18, 2021
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Tropical Depression Grace over Haiti

Tropical depression grace over the earthquake hit southwest Haiti on August 17, 2021. It caused torrential
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rains and high winds ending into flooding in one area.

Key Points
Tropical depression hit, when Haiti is still scrambles to overcome the effects of a massive
earthquake.
Earthquake measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale had hit the nation on August 14.
Number of homeless has increasing and the disaster has so far killed about 1419 people.
Tropical depression Grace had a speed of 35mph. It was unlikely to emerging into a tropical storm
since it moved westward at a speed of 15mph towards south of Port Au Prince.
What are the concerns?
Concerns are there as tropical depression is causing great damage in Mexico and is strengthening into a
destructive tropical storm –a hurricane.
Where is Haiti?
Haiti is a country on the island of Hispaniola located in Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea. It
is located to the east of Cuba & Jamaica and south of The Bahamas, Turks & Caicos Islands. It accounts for
western three-eighths of the island and shares it with the Dominican Republic. Total area of the country is
27,750 square kilometres. It is the third largest country in Caribbean with respect to area. It is also the most
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populous country in the Caribbean with population of 11.4 million.
Disputed Territory
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Navassa Island is claimed by Haiti. However, it is disputed as a United States territory under federal
administration.
History
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The nation was originally inhabited by indigenous Taíno people. They originated in South America. First
Europeans arrived in 1492 during the first voyage of Christopher Columbus. Columbus founded the first
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European settlement in the Americas, La Navidad which is now called as northeastern coast of Haiti.
RoDTEP Scheme: India notifies Duty Rebate Rates
Centre government notified the rates and guidelines for Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported
Products (RoDTEP) export incentive scheme. tn
Key Points
This scheme for zero rating of exports will help in boosting India’s exports and competitiveness
across the global markets.
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Rates under RoDTEP scheme for different sectors have been set as 0.5 per cent, 2.5 per cent and 4
per cent.
These rates will be applicable to 8,555 tariff lines.
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It will come into effect from January 1, 2021.

Principle of RoDTEP Scheme
RoDTEP scheme works on the principle that “taxes and duties should not be exported, while taxes and
levies on exported products should either be exempted or remitted to exporters”.
How taxes are charged under scheme?
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Under the RoDTEP scheme, duties, taxes and levies are charged on exported products at state and local
levels. It refunds the prior stage cumulative indirect taxes on goods as well as services used in production
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of the exported product and their distribution. Rebate will not apply to duties and taxes that are already
exempted, remitted or credited. RoDTEP support will be available for eligible exporters as a percentage of
Freight on Board (FOB) value. Rebate on some export products will be subject to value cap per unit of
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exported product.
Outlay of the scheme
Ministry of Finance will finalise the overall outlay of the RoDTEP scheme in consultation with the
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Department of Commerce. Ministry will take into account all the factors before finalising it.
Who will implement the scheme?
This scheme will be implemented by Customs with the help of simplified IT System. Ministry will issue
rebate in the form of transferable duty credit or electronic scrip (e-scrip). It will be maintained by Central
Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) in an electronic ledger.
MeitY-NASSCOM Start-up Women Entrepreneur Awards 2020-21
Government of India announced MeitY-NASSCOM Start-up Women Entrepreneur Awards 2020-2021 on

August 17, 2021.
Key Points
MeitY-NASSCOM Women Startup Entrepreneurs Awards is the first step that recognizes and
cultivates the entrepreneurial spirit in women.
Awards inspire next generation of women to lead Indian digital era in order to serve as guiding role
models.
It also encourages promising entrepreneurs who contribute to the nation’s economy as well as social
community.
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It also provides leadership and serves as guiding examples for emerging and young future
entrepreneurs.
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Awards were open to participation from tech start-up women entrepreneurs in which about 159
applications were received.
Leaders from MeitY, UN Women, Industry and Academia together, decided 12 women entrepreneurs
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as winners.
while 2 women entrepreneurs were declared as the Jury Choice.
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Government’s focus
Government has set a new benchmark for inclusive development by setting the basic values around
‘antyodaya’. It works on the philosophy of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikaas, Sabka Vishwas, Sabka Prayaas.
Empowerment of women and promotion of entrepreneurship among them is also among key focus areas of
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the Government. Government has been taking several transformative steps such as:
1. MUDRA scheme to provide interest free loans to the poor.
2. Ujjwala scheme under which women are given free gas connections to save them from smoke-filled
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cooking
3. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme to educate the girl child,
4. Abolition of triple talaq for the dignity of women.
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5. National Policy on Software Products, 2019- under which government is placing special emphasis on
promoting and recognising women led entrepreneurship as leaders for tomorrow.
Startups and Entrepreneurs
Encouraging Startups and Entrepreneurs is also among thrust areas of Government with the help of StartUp
India and Invest India programs.
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Gender equality
This award is significant in bringing the gender equality. Women are leading by example including from
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winning medals in Olympics to building tech based Innovative solutions. Indian IT sector has also played a
key role in gender equality. As per the NASSCOM, 35 % of the total IT workforces are women.
Student Entrepreneurship Program 3.0
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Third series of Student Entrepreneurship Program 3.0 (SEP 3.0) was launched on August 16, 2021 for the
young innovators of Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL).
Key Points
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This program was launched by Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) NITI Aayog in collaboration with La
Fondation Dassault Systemes.
Theme of SEP 3.0 is ‘Made in 3D – Seed the Future Entrepreneurs Program’.
Theme was conceptualized and rolled out in France in 2017 by La Main a la Pate Foundation and La
Fondation Dassault Systemes, Europe.
About the SEP 3.0
Under this program, a team from each school comprising of 6 students and a teacher will be allocated seed

funding in order to creating their own start-up and design. They can also prototype their innovation using 3D
printing, define product pricing, prepare marketing campaign, and create expansion strategy. Through this
program, team will get the real feel of ‘How a startup works!’. Startup of each school will participate in a
playful competition at the end of the programme and present their marketing campaign before experts from
industry and academia.
Significance of SEP 3.0
0 will allow student innovators to work in association with Dassault volunteers and help them in
gaining Mentor support, Prototyping and testing support.
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It will provide End-User feedback, Intellectual Property registration as well as Patenting.
Program will help in providing Manufacturing support to students and help in launching the product in
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market.
Number of teams
50 teams from 26 states have been selected for the SEP 3.0. It include 20 teams of ATL Marathon 2019, 10
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teams from Aspirational Districts, 10 teams selected by Dassault, and 10 teams from Jammu, Kashmir,
Ladakh & North east regions.
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Chhattisgarh govt to provide ₹6,000 to landless labourers
Chhattisgarh government launched the ‘Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Bhumihin Majdur Nyay Yojana’. Under this
scheme, Rs 6000 will be provided to each of 12 lakh landless labourers.
Key Points tn
Scheme was launched with the provision of Rs 200 crores.
It will benefit 12 lakh landless families.
Chief Minister of Chattisgarh Bhupesh Baghel had announced this scheme in state legislature on July
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28.
The amount sanctioned for this scheme has been included in supplementary budget of financial year
2021-2022.
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This is the first of its kind scheme that focuses on delivering economic justice.
Aim of the scheme
This scheme has been launched with the aim of providing support to rural landless labourers with some
minimum wages. This minimum wage will help them to get access to basic amenities. Beneficiaries will
receive their benefits before March 31, 2022.
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Ensured amount
Under the scheme, families of the beneficiaries will be given an ensured amount of Rs 6000 annually.
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Redressal mechanism
Scheme also provides for a mechanism to resolve any discrepancy related to beneficiary’s bank account,
within 15 days.
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Focus area of the scheme

This scheme focuses on covering MGNREGA and contract workers. It will also be providing assistance to
the beneficiaries like barbers, blacksmiths, washermen & washerwomen and priests in the state of
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Chhattisgarh.
How they can avail benefits?
Beneficiaries of the ‘Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Bhumihin Majdur Nyay Yojana’ are required to register
themselves on dedicated portal from September 1, 2021 to November 30, 2021.
Godfather of Sudoku passes away
The Godfather of Sudoku, Maki Kaji, passed away at the age of 69, due to bile duct cancer, on August 17,
2021.

Key Points
He was the creator of popular numbers puzzle Sudoku.
His work was spreading the joy of puzzles.
He created the puzzle to be easy for children and others.
Who was Maki Kaji?
Maki Kaji was the president of Nikoli Co. Ltd. It is a Japanese puzzle manufacturer. He was popularly called
as “the father of Sudoku” as he played a key role in popularizing this number game. He also invented other
puzzle games including Masyu. He recently (July 2021) resigned as head of Nikoli, before his death.
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Background
He was born in in Sapporo, Hokkaido on October 8, 1951. His father was an engineer at a telecom company
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while his mother was an employer of a kimono shop. He did his schooling from Shakujii High School in
Sapporo. Later he studied literature at Keio University, but dropped out in his first year. After several jobs
such as being a roadie, a waiter and a construction worker, he lastly started a publishing business.
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About Nikoli
Nikoli was a quarterly puzzle magazine by Kaji. Magazine was named after a race horse that had won
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Guineas Stakes race in Ireland. Later he founded the company with same name. Nikoli magazine was the
company’s main product.
About Sudoku
Sudoku is a logic-based, combinatorial, number-placement puzzle. Puzzle setter provides a partially
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completed grid for which a well-posed puzzle has a single solution.
UK to start negotiations for trade agreement with India this year
United Kingdom (UK) has stated its aim to start negotiations for a trade agreement with India by the end of
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2021.
Key points
Currently India and UK are in the pre-negotiation scoping phase of the Free Trade agreement (FTA).
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Negotiations will start by the end of year 2021.

The trade deal with India will help in boosting British exports with lower tariffs. It will also increase
the investment opportunities.
As of 2019, the bilateral trade is valued at 23 billion pounds.
Post Brexit, trade deal with India is the key target of UK.
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Background
After exiting the European Union in 2020, Britain is working towards securing its trade deals and
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strengthening its ties with nations in Indo-Pacific region comprising of fastest-growing economies.
India-UK interim trade deal
UK government is planning for some quick “interim” trade deal with India. This would include tariffs cut on
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products like Scotch and whisky. This trade deal will also comply with the World Trade Organisation charter.
Under the interim trade deal, Indian producers like that of rice could get greater access to the UK market.
India-UK bilateral trade
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Bilateral trade between India and UK stood at 18.3 billion in the year 2020. It was lesser than trade of 23.3
billion pounds in 2019. India and UK have also launched a new Enhanced Trade Partnership. It opened ways
for future Free Trade Agreement. Currently, India is the largest market with which the UK has committed to
negotiating any trade deal. India is the second largest investor in the UK economy. About 842 Indian
companies in the UK, are employing more than 110,000 people. Combined revenue of Indian companies has
increased by 87% in the last five years.

Plea to declare PM CARES fund a ‘State’
Delhi High Court has asked the Centre to respond to a plea that seeks to declare “Prime Minister’s Citizen
Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations (PM CARES) Fund a State under the Constitution.
Key Points
Petition was filed by a lawyer, Samyak Gangwal.
Hearing was posted by a bench comprising of Chief Justice D.N. Patel and Justice Jyoti Singh on
September 13, 2021.
Petition seeks to declare PM CARES Fund a ‘State’ under Article 12 in order to ensure transparency in
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its functioning.
Court’s conclusion
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According to the Delhi High Court, PM CARES Fund is not ‘State’ under the Constitution. So, use of the
domain name ‘gov’, Prime Minister’s photograph, State emblem etc should be stop.
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About the petition
According to the petition, PM CARES Fund was created by Prime Minister on March 27, 2020 in order
to extend assistance to the citizens of India in the aftermath of COVID-19 Pandemic.
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It does not allege any wrongdoing on part of the fund. However, as the trustees of PM CARES Fund
are high government functionaries, it becomes necessary that checks and balances mentioned in Part
III of the Constitution are put in place on the functioning of PM CARES fund in order to do away with
any chance of allegation. tn
He also filed one petition to declare PM CARES as a ‘public authority’ under Right to Information (RTI)
Act.
About PM CARES Fund
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PM CARES fund was created on March 27, 2020 in the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic. Fund was created
to combat, contain and boost relief efforts against the pandemic. Documentation for the creation of this
fund has not been made public. Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, is the chairman of this fund. Its
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trustees comprise of Minister of Defence (Rajnath Singh) Minister of Home Affairs (Amit Shah) and Minister
of Finance (Nirmala Sitharaman).
TCS: 2nd Indian company to cross m-cap of Rs 13 lakh crore
TCS company has become the second Indian company to cross the market value of Rs 13 lakh crore on
August 17, 2021.
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Key Points
This mark was achieved by the company after seventeen years it sold its stock for the first time in
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public debut.
TCS has become the second company after Reliance, in India to do so.
Shares of TCS ended up at 2.32 percent of Rs 3,552.4 and hit a record high of Rs 3,560.25.
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By the end of trading, market capitalisation (m-cap) of TCS stood at Rs 13.14 lakh crore.
Oil-to-telecom conglomerate, Reliance Industries, is currently valued at Rs 13.7 lakh crore.
Background
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TCS reported a 28.5 per cent year-on-year growth in the consolidated net profit amounting to Rs 9,008 crore
for the quarter ended in June. Its consolidated revenue for the quarter increased by 18.5 per cent on year
amounting to Rs 45,411 crore.
About Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
TCS is a multinational information technology (IT) services and consulting company of India. It is
headquartered in Mumbai. However, its largest campus is located in Chennai. TCS is the largest IT services
company worldwide by market capitalisation, as of February 2021. TCS is a subsidiary of Tata Group. It is

operating in 149 locations in 46 countries. TCS was ranked at 64th place in 2015 in the Forbes World’s Most
Innovative Companies ranking. It tanked 11th on Fortune India 500 list, as of 2018.
SC issued formal notice to Centre over Pegasus
Supreme Court (SC) bench headed by Chief Justice of India N. V. Ramana issued a formal notice to
government because of several petitions.
Key points
This notice was issued by SC after centre refused to file any additional affidavit on confirming or
denying using Pegasus.
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Government maintained that, disclosure on its using or not using Pegasus spyware will hamper
national security.
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Government urged that it will open up such information only before the proposed committee.
Government also noted that, all interceptions were being done in accordance with statutory
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procedure. It will not put out any details on software in public domain.
About Pegasus
It is a spyware developed by Israeli cyberarms firm NSO Group. This spyware can be installed on mobile
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phones and other devices running iOS and Android. According to 2021 Project Pegasus revelations, current
Pegasus software can damage all recent iOS versions up to iOS 14.6. Earlier version of Pegasus was
capable of tracking calls, reading text messages, collecting passwords, access microphone of target device
etc by spear-phishing. Latest version of the spyware can now infect the device through “zero-click” attacks.
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It does not require any interaction from owner of the phone. It has been named after Pegasus- winged
horse of Greek mythology.
What is Pegasus controversy in India?
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It was reported recently that, Pegasus Spyware has allegedly been used to secretly monitor and spy on the
extensive host of public figures in India. Software has targeted Human Rights activists, journalists and
lawyers across the world. They were targeted with phone malware that was sold to governments by an
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Israeli surveillance firm.

Supreme Court allows women to appear for NDA exam
Supreme Court has allowed the women to appear for National Defence Academy (NDA) exam which is
scheduled for September 5, 2021.
Key Points
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SC also slammed the Indian Army for not allowing women to take part in NDA entrance exams.
Court called the Army’s policy decision as gender discrimination.
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According to the Apex Court, admissions will be subject to final orders of the court.
Background
Supreme Court allowed women for NDA exam following a writ petition that was filed by Kush Kalra. Kush
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Kalra filed petition, seeking permission for women to sit in the NDA entrance exam. Petition highlighted the
issue of violation of Articles 14, 15, 16 and 19 of the Constitution as it was denying opportunity to eligible
women candidates to join NDA.
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National Defence Academy (NDA)

NDA is the joint defence service training institute of Indian Armed Forces. In the academy, cadets of three
services namely, the Indian Army, the Indian Air Force and the Indian Navy are trained together before they
go on to respective service academy for pre-commission training. It is located in Khadakwasla in Pune,
Maharashtra. This academy is world’s first tri-service academy. The National Defence Academy was
commissioned on December 7, 1954, with an inauguration ceremony that was held on January 16, 1955.

Alumni of NDA
Alumni of NDA comprises of 3 Param Vir Chakra recipients and 12 Ashoka Chakra recipients. It has also
produced 27 service Chiefs of Staff as of now.
NDA EXAM
Applicants to the NDA are selected through a written exam conducted by the UPSC. It is followed by
extensive interviews by Services Selection Board. It covers general aptitude, team skills, psychological
testing, Physical and social skills besides the medical tests.
WHO’s medical alert on fake Covishield Vaccines
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World Health Organisation (WHO) issued medical alerts on fake Covishield Vaccines in India.
Key Points
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WHO has raised doubts on the genuineness of Covishield which is reaching patients in India.
India is reporting circulation of fake vials of the covid-19 vaccine that has been developed by Oxford-
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AstraZeneca while manufactured by Serum Institute of India (SII).
WHO noted that, despite government’s efforts to provide genuine coronavirus vaccines using a
transparent procurement & supply systems and CoWin platform, global surveillance & monitoring
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system for substandard & fake medical products identified fake Covishield vaccines are reaching in
India and Uganda.
WHO has urged government to increase vigilance on hospitals, clinics, health centres, distributors,
wholesalers, pharmacies, and other suppliers of medical products. It also asked to increased
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vigilance in the supply chains which are likely to be affected by fake vaccines.
How products were confirmed fake?
Products were identified as fake on the basis that, they fraudulently misrepresent their identity, composition
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and source. For instance, in India, Covishield 2ml was identified even though SII does not produce vaccine
in 2ml (four doses). In Uganda, Covishield with Batch 4121Z040 and expiry date of 10.08.2021 was reported
that SII confirmed to be fake.
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Concerns of fake vaccines

Falsified covid-19 vaccines have a serious risk to global public health. It put an additional burden on
vulnerable populations as well as health systems.
Issue with the CoWin platform
CoWin platform has not been equipped to handle the logistics of vaccine distribution. It only notes the batch
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number at the time of vaccination in order to ensure that, beneficiary knows which vaccine has been
administered to him.
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China’s new rules on anticompetitive practices by internet companies

China has issued new draft rules on the anticompetitive practices by Internet Companies. New rules would
prevent internet companies from engaging in anticompetitive practices.
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Key Points
New guideline seeks to prevent internet companies from involving into anticompetitive practice like
unfairly blocking rival platforms.
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It extends China’s efforts to rein in technology sector.

Guidelines include a detailed list of prohibited behaviors that could harm internet users and limit
market competition.
Prohibited behaviors include controlling user traffic, blocking competitors’ products as well as
discriminatory pricing.
Habit of blocking traffic for competitors and external sites has also come under scrutiny as it hinders
the market competition.

Impact of the new guidelines
Shares of Chinese tech companies declined on August 17, 2021 and extended a monthslong slump. It was
driven by regulatory oversight. Share of Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. decreased by 4.8% while that of Tencent
Holdings Ltd. by 4%. According to the market regulator, new rules targeting internet companies seeks to
clarify an existing law on unfair competition.
Alibaba’s antitrust fine
In the year 2021, Alibaba was hit with a record antitrust fine of $2.8 billion for a practice called as “er xuan
yi,” or “choose one out of two.” It was found during an investigation by Beijing’s top market regulator that, e-
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commerce company had abused its dominant market position as it forced vendors to exclusively sell on its
platform. Another Food-delivery giant Meituan is also under investigation for same practice.
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August 19, 2021
US & UK to hold G7 meet on Afghanistan
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United States President, Joe Biden and British Prime Minister, Boris Johnson agreed to hold a virtual G7
meet on Afghanistan.
Key Points
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Both the leaders exchanged their views on phone regarding recent developments in Afghanistan.
Both of them commended the bravery and professionalism of their military and civilian personnel,
working together in Kabul to evacuate their citizens and Afghan nationals.
They also exchanged views on need for continued close coordination among allies and democratic
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partners on Afghanistan policy along with the ways in which global community can provide
humanitarian assistance and support to refugees and vulnerable Afghans.
Group of Seven (G7)
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It is an inter-governmental political forum comprising of France, Canada, Italy, Germany, Japan, the United
Kingdom and the United States. Members of G7 are the largest IMF advanced economies worldwide and
wealthiest liberal democracies. G7 is organized around shared values of pluralism and representative
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government. Members account for 60 percent of global net wealth and 32 – 46 percent of global gross
domestic product as of 2018.
History of G7
G7 grouping originated in 1973 from an ad hoc meeting of finance ministers. Since then, it is a formal, high-
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profile venue to discuss and coordinate solutions to major global issues such as on trade, security,
economics, and climate change.
UK-US relations
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Bilateral relations between the UK and the US have evolved amid two early wars and competition for world
markets. Both the countries have been close military allies since 1940 and enjoy Special Relationship that
was built as wartime allies and NATO partners. They are closely associated by shared history, common
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language, religion, legal system and kinship ties including ancestral lines among English Americans and
Scottish Americans etc.
Crisil upgraded credit outlook of India Inc to Positive
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Crisil Ratings have upgraded credit outlook of India Inc to positive. It is a broad-based recovery for India Inc
currently.
Key Points
Earlier India Inc’s credit outlook was ‘cautiously optimistic’.
According to Crisil, credit ratio (number of upgrades to downgrades) increased to over 2.5 times in
first four months of the fiscal 2021-2022 against 1.33 times in the second half of Financial Year
2021.
Crisil also conducted a study of 43 sectors, excluding financial sector, that accounted for 75% of the
overall Rs 36 lakh crore in outstanding debt. This points towards broad-based current recovery.
About CRISIL
CRISIL is formerly called as Credit Rating Information Services of India Limited. It is an Indian analytical
company that provided ratings, research, and risk & policy advisory services. It is a subsidiary of American
company S&P Global. It was the first credit rating agency of India. ICICI and UTI jointly introduced the
agency in 1988. It was started with share capital from SBI, LIC and United India Insurance Company. US
based S&P rating agency acquired majority shares of Crisil in 2005.
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What is Credit Rating?
It is a quantified assessment of creditworthiness of the borrower in general terms. It also assesses the
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creditworthiness with respect to particular debt or financial obligation. This rating can be assigned to any
entity which seeks to borrow money including an individual, a state, a corporation, any provincial authority,
or sovereign government. Credit assessment and evaluation for companies and governments is usually
cf
conducted by a credit rating agency like Moody’s, S&P Global, or Fitch Ratings. These rating agencies are
paid by the entity who want credit rating for itself.
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Cabinet approves National Mission on Edible Oils
Cabinet approved the ‘National Mission on Edible Oils — Oil Palm (NMEO-OP)” with the financial outlay of Rs
11,040 crore.
Key Points tn
This approval was given in order to promote the domestic cultivation of oil palm in next five years.
It will help in reducing India’s dependence on imports.
The decision was taken after Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced this new Central scheme on
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August 15.
About National Mission on Edible Oils
The National Mission on Edible Oils is a centrally sponsored scheme. Out of the total outlay of Rs 11,040
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crores, share of central government is Rs 8,844 crores. Rs 2,196 crores would be shared by states. This
scheme will subsume the “National Food Security Mission-Oil Palm programme. It was launched in line with
the Aatmanirbhar Bharat scheme.
Aim of the mission
The National Mission on Edible Oil was launched with the aim of covering oil palm in an additional area of
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6.5 lakh hectare by 2025-26. It seeks to reach the target of 10 lakh hectares.
Why this scheme is significant?
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Currently India is heavily dependent on imports of edible oils to meet the domestic need. Thus, it is
necessary to make efforts towards increasing their domestic production. In order to increase the
production, increasing area and productivity of oil palm becomes important. This target of increasing area
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can be achieved through the mission. Furthermore, Oil Palm can help making farmers aatmanirbhar in
accordance with Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative. This scheme will also help the Centre in ensure that
farmers are not affected with market fluctuations.
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Can Antibodies post vaccine fight Delta variant?

According to a lab study conducted in US, Delta variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus cannot evade antibodies
generated by vaccination.
Key Points
Findings were published in journal ‘Immunity’. It helped in explaining why vaccinated people have
escaped the worst of Delta variant surge.
Researchers from Washington University School of Medicine, US analysed the panel of antibodies

that were generated by people vaccinated with the dose of Pfizer Covid-19 vaccine. They found that
Delta could not evade all but one of the antibodies, on which they conducted the test.
They also found that, other variants of concern, like Beta, avoided recognition and neutralisation by
various antibodies.
UK Study
However, a new UK study reveals that, Covid-19 vaccines are less effective against the Delta variant.
According to UK study, messenger RNA vaccine by Pfizer Inc and BioNTech SE lost their effectiveness in 90
days after full vaccination. On the other hand, vaccine made by AstraZeneca Plc still staved off majority of
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Covid infections. They come to this conclusion after analysing over 3 million PCR tests from random
sample of people. However, Covid-19 vaccines are protecting people from developing severe Covid.
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Booster shots
Result from the study of Oxford university now call for giving booster shots to the fully vaccinated. US
already announced that, citizens would get a third dose of the vaccine after eight months. On the other
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hand, UK authorities are deciding on how broadly boosters should be given. Israel started giving third doses
of Pfizer-BioNTech in August 2021. Initial results from Israel points that, third doses have been 86%
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effective for people aged 60 and more.
Indian athletes leave for Tokyo Paralympics
First batch of Indian athletes, including flagbearer Thangavelu Mariyappan have left for the Tokyo
Paralympics on August 18, 2021. tn
About 2020 Summer Paralympics
2020 Summer Paralympics is branded as Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games. They are an upcoming major
international multi-sport parasports event. The Games are governed by International Paralympic Committee.
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This year will mark the 16th Summer Paralympic Games. Games are scheduled to be held in Tokyo from
August 24 and it will conclude on September 5, 2021.
Background
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The Games were originally scheduled to for August 25 to September 6, 2020. But they were postponed due
to covid-19 pandemic. This year, games will be held behind closed doors and no public spectators have
been permitted because of a state of emergency in Tokyo region.
Why games are still branded as Tokyo 2020?
The Games are still being branded as Tokyo 2020 for marketing purposes.
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Host Country
Tokyo will be hosting the Games for the second time after 1964 Games. Overall, it will be third Paralympics
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held in Japan as it also hosted 1998 Winter Paralympics.

Which games have been added this year?
2020 Games will mark the introduction of badminton and taekwondo. Sailing and 7-a-side football games
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have been replaced this year.

International Paralympic Committee (IPC)
IPC is an international non-profit organisation and a governing body for Paralympic Movement. It organizes
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Paralympic Games and functions as an international federation for nine sports. It was established on
September 22, 1989 in Dusseldorf, West Germany. It works for the mission of “enabling Paralympic athletes
to achieve sporting excellence and inspiring & exciting the world”. IPC has a democratic constitution and
structure. It comprises of representatives from 176 National Paralympic Committees, 4 international
organizations of sport for the disabled as well as 5 regional organizations. It is headquartered in Bonn,
Germany.

IAEA: Iran has accelerated uranium enrichment
According to UN atomic watchdog International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Iran has accelerated its
uranium enrichment to near weapons-grade.
Key Points
IAEA notes that, this move is raising tensions with the West because both the sides want to resume
talks on reviving Tehran’s nuclear deal.
Iran has increased the purity of refining Uranium from 20 percent to 60 percent in the response to the
explosion and power cut at its Natanz site.
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Power cut and explosion have damaged output at the main underground enrichment plant. Iran
blamed on Israel for this attack.
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As per IAEA, weapons-grade is having the purity of 90 per cent.
Background
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In May, IAEA reported that Iran was using one cascade of advanced centrifuges in order to enrich up to 60
per cent at its Natanz plant. Now, IAEA notes that, Iran is now using a second cascade for that purpose.
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Iran breached the restrictions that was imposed under 2015 nuclear deal. 2015 deal had capped the purity
to 3.67 percent.
Iran nuclear deal 2015
Iran nuclear deal framework was signed in 2015 between the Islamic Republic of Iran and world powers
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including the P5+1 and the European Union. On the basis of the deal, Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
between Iran and P5+1 & EU was announced in Vienna on July 14, 2015.
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
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Formal negotiations toward JCPOA started with the adoption of Joint Plan of Action, which was an interim
agreement signed in 2013 between Iran and P5+1 countries.
P5+1 countries
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It refers to five permanent members of United Nations security council namely China, Russia, France, the
United Kingdom, and the United States; plus Germany. It is also referred as E3+3 by European countries.
Ayushman Bharat: 2 crore hospital admissions so far
Poor have sought 2 crore hospitalisations so far under the Ayushman Bharat Mission.
Key Points
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Ayushman Bharat Mission guarantees free and cashless services up to Rs 5 lakh in a year for
secondary and tertiary care.
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It covers more than 10.74 crore vulnerable families amounting to more than 53 crore beneficiaries.
Top six specialities and procedures that beneficiaries sought includes: infectious diseases, general
medicine, general surgery, obstetrics & gynaecology, medical oncology and orthopaedics.
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Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)

It is a national health insurance scheme of the state that was launched with the aim of providing free
access to healthcare for low-income earners in India. Around bottom 50% of the country are beneficiaries
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under this scheme. People under this program access their own primary care services from a family doctor.
For additional care, scheme provides free secondary health care to those who need specialist treatment and
tertiary health care to those who require hospitalization.
When it was launched?
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched this scheme in September 2018. However, this scheme is
administered by National Health Authority which was set by the ministry.

Nature of the scheme
This scheme is a centrally sponsored scheme. It is funded by the union government as well as the state
government.
National Health Authority
This organisation is responsible for implementing Ayushman Bharat Scheme at the national level. In the
States, State Health Agencies have been set up to implement the scheme.
WHO: Threefold rise in trauma cases in Afghanistan
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), there has been more than threefold rise in number of
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trauma cases in Afghanistan.
Highlights
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WHO urged that, delivery of lifesaving aid and medical supplies to Afghans must not be cut.
As per WHO, 70 WHO-supported medical facilities across Afghanistan treated some 14,000 conflict-
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related cases in the month of August.
Number of cases has increased from 4,057 cases last year.
WHO has dispatched trauma and burns kit equipment to Wazir Akbar Khan Hospital in Kabul and
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basic medical kits to assist 10,000 people for three months.
Background
Number has increased amid the intensification of violence in Afghanistan. Taliban took over the Afghan’s
capital Kabul on August 15, 2021 following months of an offensive against civilians and Afghan forces.
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With the takeover by Taliban, concerns regarding safety of minorities, rights defenders and others have
increased in Afghanistan. Human Rights Council also announced a special session to address human rights
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concerns.
Taliban Offensive
Military offensive by the Taliban against the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan started on May 1, 2021. It
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coincided with the withdrawal of United States and allied troops from Afghanistan. In first three months,
Taliban made significant advances in the countryside and gradually the number of districts it controlled
increased from 73 to 223. Taliban launched an assault on provincial capitals of Afghanistan on August 6.
Most of the towns surrendered without a fight. Taliban captured all provincial capitals except Bazarak.
President of Afghanistan, Ashraf Ghani, fled the country on August 15 and the Taliban captured Kabul. Thus,
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Afghanistan’s government fell.

WTO: Global Goods Trade continues recovery
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As per World Trade Organisation’s (WTO) Goods Trade Barometer, Global merchandise trade is continuing
its robust recovery post COVID-19 pandemic. The trade barometer hit a record high in its latest reading.
Key Points
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Barometer recorded a reading of 110.4. It is the highest on record since July 2016.
Reading was up more than 20 points year-on-year.
This reading will end up well for India because India’s exports are recording healthy growth rates.
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Rise in barometer highlights the strength of current trade expansion as well as depth of the
pandemic-induced shock in 2020.
It also indicates that goods trade will observe year-on-year rise in the second quarter.
It also suggests that outlook for world trade will be overshadowed by risks like regional disparities,
weakness in services trade, and lag in vaccination timetables.
Goods Trade Barometer
The Goods Trade Barometer was launched in 2016 by the WTO. It combines several trade-related

component indices into a single composite index. It highlights the turning points in world merchandise trade
as well as provides an indication for its trajectory in near future. It shows how latest data compare with
short-run trends in goods trade. It was earlier known as World Trade Outlook Indicator.
How it indicates the trajectory?
Reading of 100 indicates for trade expansion in accordance with the recent trends. While, readings greater
than 100 indicates above-trend growth. Readings below 100 suggests below-trend growth.
How this barometer is updated?
It is updated on a quarterly basis.
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World Trade Organization (WTO)
It is intergovernmental organization, involved in regulating and facilitating international trade between
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countries. It officially started its operations on January 1, 1995 after the 1994 Marrakesh Agreement. It
replaces the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). WTO is the largest international economic
organization in the world comprising of 164 member states.
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EAM announces rollout of ‘UNITE Aware’ tech
External Affairs Minister (EAM), S Jaishankar, announced the rollout of “UNITE Aware” tech to help protect
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UN peacekeepers.
Key Points
He made this announcement at th4 UN headquarters in New York while he was chairing UN security
council open debate on “Technology and Peacekeeping”. He noted that, UN peacekeeping missions
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continue to operate in challenging situations involving terrorists, armed groups and non-state actors.
Because of nature of peacekeeping has become more complex, it is significant that out capabilities
are in pace to secure the peace keepers
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He highlighted that, 21st-century peacekeeping must be anchored in a strong ecosystem comprising
of technology and innovation in order to facilitate UN peacekeeping operations.
He announced India’s support to UN in roll out of UNITE AWARE.
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India’s view
India believes in holding talks when it comes to the safety and security of UN peacekeepers. For India,
peacekeeping continues to play a crucial role of ensuring international peace and security. External Affairs
minister noted that, currently 5 thousand Indian personnel are deployed for nine missions and to protect the
protectors, India provides 2 lakh doses of Covid-19 vaccine to vaccinate UN Peacekeeping personnel across
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the globe.
4-point framework
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Minister proposed a 4-point framework in order to lay out a possible architecture of securing UN
peacekeepers in order to meet contemporary threats. UNSC has adopted a Resolution on Accountability of
Crimes against the UN Peacekeepers and Presidential Statement on Technology for Peacekeeping.
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India-UN MoU
India and the United Nations signed a MoU to support the Partnership for Technology in Peacekeeping
initiative and to UN C4ISR Academy for Peace Operations.
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India-Bangladesh: Cabinet approves MoU on Disaster Management

Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, has approved the Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) on Disaster Management between India and Bangladesh that was signed in March,
2021.
Key Points
MoU was signed between National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Ministry of Home Affairs
of India and Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief of Bangladesh.

MoU involves Cooperation in the field of Disaster Management, Resilience and Mitigation.
Benefits of the MoU
MoU was signed to put in place a system where both India and Bangladesh will be benefited from Disaster
Management mechanisms of each other. MoU will help in strengthening preparedness, response and
capacity building in the area of Disaster Management.
Features of the MoU
It extends mutual support at the time of large-scale disaster (Natural or human induced) that will
occur within their respective territories. They will help each other in the area of relief, response,
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reconstruction and recovery.
It provides for exchange of relevant information, remote sensing data and scientific data. It also
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provided for sharing experience or best practices of disaster response, recovery, mitigation, capacity
building in order to ensure resilience.
It also extends cooperation on advanced information technology, early warning systems, response &
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mitigation, remote sensing & navigation services, disaster preparedness and real time data sharing.
MoU seeks to conduct Joint Disaster Management Exercises bilaterally.
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It set up mechanism for sharing standards, latest technologies and tools in order to create Disaster
Resilient Communities.
It also exchanges publications & materials as textbooks and guidelines on Disaster Management.
Countries may conduct joint research activities on Disaster management, Risk Reduction and
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Recovery.
India- Vietnam: Bilateral Maritime Drill conducted in South China Sea
Indian Navy and Vietnam People’s Navy conducted joint drills in the South China Sea as part of maritime
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cooperation between both the countries.
Key Points
From Indian side, INS Ranvijay and INS Kora undertook bilateral maritime exercises.
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While from Vietnam, frigate VPNS Ly Thai To (HQ-012) took part.

Indian Naval ships arrived at Cam Ranh, Vietnam for harbour phase.
It also conducted professional interactions with VPN maintaining extant Covid-19 protocols.
Aim of the bilateral interaction
This bilateral military exercise was conducted with the aim of consolidating a strong bond shared by both
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the navies. It is a step towards strengthening India-Vietnam defence relations.

About the drill
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Sea phase comprised of surface warfare exercises, helicopter operations, and weapon firing drills.
Defence relation between India and Vietnam
Regular bilateral interactions between both the navies have enhanced their interoperability and adaptability.
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Defence relationship between both the countries have been robust. They undertook a defence security
dialogue in June 2021 and Indian Naval ships have been visiting Vietnamese ports frequently. Both the
countries have also strengthened cooperation between the two navies over the years.
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About INS Ranvijay

INS Ranvijay is a guided-missile destroyer. It is the latest INS of the Rajput class. It was commissioned on
December 21, 1987. It has been equipped with several weapons and sensors comprising of a surface-to-
surface missile, anti-air missiles and guns, anti-submarine rockets and heavy weight torpedoes. It is also
capable of carrying anti-submarine helicopters called Kamov 28.
About INS Kora
INS Kora is the lead ship of Kora class missile corvette. It is fitted with surface-to-surface missiles as well

as anti-air guns.
Joint Guidance for the Australia – India Navy to Navy Relationship
Indian Navy and Royal Australian Navy signed a ‘Joint Guidance for the Australia- India Navy to Navy
Relationship’ document on August 18, 2021.
Highlights
Document signing ceremony was held virtually between Chief of the Naval Staff of Indian Navy, Adm
Karambir Singh; and Chief of Navy of Australian Navy, Vice Admiral Michael J Noonan.
Document is in line with the ‘2020 Comprehensive Strategic Partnership’.
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2020 comprehensive strategic partnership was agreed by the Prime Ministers with the aim of
ensuring shared approached to regional and global security challenges.
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About the Joint Guidance Document
Joint Guidance will serve as a guideline document in order to showcase the determination of both the
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Navies in order to work together bilaterally or multilaterally.
The broad scope of the document focuses on developing mutual understanding, on cooperating for
regional security, on collaborating in mutually beneficial activities and on developing interoperability.
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It primarily highlights on close cooperation in regional and multilateral fora such as Indian Ocean
Naval Symposium (IONS), Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), Western Pacific Naval Symposium
(WPNS), and Expert Working Groups that are subordinate to Meeting Plus framework of ASEAN
Defence Ministers. tn
It will help in consolidating the shared commitment to promote peace, security, stability as well as
prosperity in the Indo – Pacific region.
Defence relations between India and Australia
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Bilateral defence relations have strengthened over the years between both the countries. Significant
milestones of the relationship include Comprehensive Strategic Partnership’, conduct of trilateral Maritime
Security Workshop, Mutual Logistics Support Agreement and RAN participation in Exercise MALABAR.
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These exercises highlight the role played by both Navies in strengthening their relationship in recent times.
August 20, 2021
World Humanitarian Day 2021
World Humanitarian Day was observed on August 19, 2021. Theme of the day for year 2021 is “The Human
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Race”.
Key points
This day focuses on boosting up the global action in order to combat climate change and stand in
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solidarity with the vulnerable populations.

On the occasion, the United Nations has urged the people, especially social media users, to mark the
day by showing their solidarity for vulnerable populations.
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UN urged social media user to run, ride, swim, walk and do any activity of their choice for 100 minutes
in between August 16 to August 31.
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UN further asked the users to tell the leaders across world that they expect developed countries to
deliver on their pledge of $100 billion in order to do climate mitigation and adaptation across
developing countries.
About World Humanitarian Day
It is an international day which is observed to recognize humanitarian personnel and those who lost their
lives while working for humanitarian causes. United Nations General Assembly designated this day as part
of a Swedish-sponsored GA Resolution A/63/L.49 that seeks to Strengthen the Coordination of Emergency
Assistance of the United Nations. Every year, the day is observed on August 19. August 19 is the day on
which Special Representative of the Secretary-General to Iraq, Sergio Vieira de Mello and his 21 colleagues
were killed in a bombing event at UN Headquarters in Baghdad.
Significance of the day
The day is observed to honour all those who chose a difficult life to serve, despite the odds and those who
are trapped in challenging circumstances worldwide. It pays tribute to humanitarian workers who were killed
and injured. On the day, all aid and health workers are honoured who continue to provide life-saving support
and protection to needy people.
'Ubharte Sitaare Fund’ to be launched
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Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman is set to launch an ambitious ‘Ubharte Sitaare Fund’ on August 21,
2021. It will be launched for export-oriented firms and startups.
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Key Points
Ubharte Sitaare fund has been set up jointly by Exim Bank and SIDBI
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It will be launched in Lucknow.
Finance minister will also launch India Exim Bank’s study on ‘Exports from Uttar Pradesh: Trends,
Opportunities and Policy Perspective’.
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On the occasion, India Exim Bank’s publication on ‘Indian Sports Goods Industry: Strategies for
Tapping the Export Potential’ will also be launched.
Background
Finance minister, in her Budget speech in 2020, had mentioned that MSMEs are important to keep the
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wheels of economy moving. MSMEs also create jobs, innovate and they act as risk takers. In the line, India
Exim Bank’s Ubharte Sitaare Programme (USP) will identify Indian companies that have the capability to be
future champions in domestic arena while meeting the global demands.
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About Ubharte Sitaare
This fund is a mix of structured support– financial as well as advisory services by investing in equity
or equity like instruments; debt– both funded & non-funded and technical assistance such as
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advisory services, grants & soft loans; to the Indian companies.

It will identify Indian enterprises having potential advantages with respect to technology, products or
processes along with export potential, but are currently underperforming or unable to use their
potential to grow.
Exim Bank and SIDBI have developed a pipeline of more than 100 potential companies such as those
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in Uttar Pradesh in sectors like auto components, pharma, agriculture, engineering solutions, and
software.
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Govt announced Incentive for Mills Exporting Sugar

Central government announced an incentive for sugar mills on August 19, 2021.
Key Points
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Incentive will be provided in form of an additional domestic sales quota to those exporting sugar and
diverting commodity towards ethanol making, in the new 2021-22 season.
Sugar mills have also been advised to take advantage from firm global sugar prices and plan for
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export of raw sugar in advance in new (October-September) season.

It indicates that, government is unlikely to extend export subsidy from new season because it will be
easier for domestic mills to sell sugar abroad considering the firm global prices.
Why India was offering export subsidies?
India is the world’s second-largest sugar-producing country. It had to offer export subsidies in past two
years, in order to reduce surplus stocks. It was meant to help cash-starved sugar mills in clearing cane
payment to growers.

According to food ministry, Sugar mills that will export sugar and divert sugar to ethanol will also be
provided with incentive in the form of additional monthly domestic quota in order to sale in the domestic
market. Export of sugar and diversion to ethanol will also help in improving liquidity of mills and enable the
sugar mills to make timely payment of cane dues of farmers. It will help in stabilising ex-mill price of sugar
in domestic market.
How quota is fixed for sale of sugar?
Currently, government fixes monthly quota for sale of sugar in domestic market. Around 21 lakh tonne
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quota is fixed, on an average, for monthly sale in the mills.
Global Sugar Prices
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Global sugar prices have increased in past one month. As a result, there is a huge demand for Indian raw
sugar. Thus, government has asked domestic sugar mills to plan production of raw sugar in order to export
them in new season. Ministry also urged mills to sign “forward contracts” with the importers in order to take
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advantage of high international prices of sugar and global deficit.
N. K. Singh: New President of Institute of Economic Growth Society
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Chairman of 15th Finance Commission, NK Singh, has been elected as the new president of Institute of
Economic Growth (IEG) Society.
Key Facts
He succeeded former Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh who was the President of IEG since 1992.
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His name was recommended by Dr Manmohan Singh for the consideration of the IEG’s general
assembly.
Dr Manmohan Singh stepped down from this position for health concerns.
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About Institute of Economic Growth
It is an autonomous, multidisciplinary centre that is used for advanced research and training. It was
founded by VKRV Rao in 1952, but became operational in 1958. It is located at University Enclave of
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University of Delhi, New Delhi.

IEG’s research
Research in the Institute of Economic Growth are categorized in nine broad themes—
1. Agriculture and rural development,
2. Environment and resource economics
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3. Globalisation and trade

4. Industry, labour and welfare
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5. Macro-economic policy and modelling

6. Population and development
7. Health policy
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8. Social change and

9. Social structure.
Training Programme by IEG
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IEG organises regular training programmes for the trainee officers from Indian Economic Service as well as
some occasional courses for officers from Indian Statistical Service, NABARD, and university teachers.
Nand Kishore Singh (N.K. Singh)
He is an economist, Indian politician, and former Indian Administrative Service officer. Since 2014, He is a
senior member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He also served as Member of Parliament in the Rajya
Sabha during 2008-2014 from Bihar for Janata Dal (United). He has been a member of Planning
Commission. He was appointed as chairman of the 15th Finance Commission in 2017.

India-ADB: USD 500 million loan agreement signed for Bengaluru Metro
On August 19, 2021 India has signed a USD 500 million loans agreement with the Asian Development Bank
(ADB) in order to expand metro rail network in Bengaluru.
Highlights
Metro Rail Network in Bengaluru will be expanded with the construction of two new metro lines of 56
kilometers.
Signatories to an agreement for Bengaluru Metro Rail Project include: Rajat Kumar Mishra, Additional
Secretary of Department of Economic Affairs, and Takeo Konishi, Country Director of ADB’s India
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Resident Mission.
About expanded metro rail network
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The expanded metro rail network project will involve the construct two new metro lines. It will be mostly
elevated, along Outer Ring Road and National Highway 44 in between the Central Silk Board and
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Kempegowda International Airport comprising of 30 stations. This project will help in decongesting the
traffic in city area and provide seamless connectivity on airports. Needs of vulnerable groups like elderly,
women, children and differently-abled persons.
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Significance of the project
This project supports the urban transformation of Bengaluru city to make it more livable and sustainable
city by supporting urban development with concepts of transit-oriented development (TOD), urban public
transport and multi-modal integration (MMI). tn
TOD-Based Model
According to ADB, TOD-based urban development model will be targeting towards realigning growth and
increasing economic productivity of the city by creating higher density, mixed-use, mixed-income, compact,
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safe & resource-efficient, and inclusive neighborhoods. It also aims to raise land values along the corridors
and to generate capital revenues for state government in order to meet long-term investment needs of city.
Defence India Startup Challenge (DISC)
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Defence Minister of India, Rajnath Singh, launched the 5th edition of the Defence India Start-up Challenge
(DISC) on August 19, 2021.
Key Points
DISC was launched under Innovations for Defence Excellence – Defence Innovation Organisation
(iDEX-DIO).
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This challenge is meant to achieve self-reliance and foster innovation and technology development
across the defence and aerospace sectors.
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This challenge was launched by Ministry in partnership with Atal Innovation Mission.
It was launched with the aim of providing support to Startups, MSMEs and Innovators to create
prototypes or commercialize products and solutions in the fields of National Defence and Security.
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Thirty-five problem statements

Under the DISC, 35 problem statements were launched comprising of 13 from Services and 22 Defence
Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs). 35 statements were launched from Armed Forces and OFB or DPSUs
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for the resolution by startups & innovators. These statements are areas like situational awareness, artificial
intelligence, augmented reality, non-lethal devices, aircraft-trainer, 5G network, Drone SWARMS, underwater
domain awareness, and data capturing.
iDEX4fauji
iDEX4fauji initiative is a similar initiative like DISC. It provided opportunity to Service personnel to showcase
their talents in technological areas. iDEX initiative was launched in 2018, by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Background
In the earlier editions of DISC, more than 80 start-ups, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) and
individual innovators joined as winners across 40 technological areas. DISC 5.0 was launched three years
after the launch of DISC 1.0.
Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)
AIM is a flagship initiative that seeks to create and promote a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in
India. It was launched with the objective of developing new programmes and policies in order to foster
innovation in different sectors of the economy.
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Arogya Dhara 2.0- Key Facts
Arogya Dhara 2.0 was launched by Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya on August 18, 2021 in order to
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increase the reach of Ayushman Bharat – Jan Arogya Yojana.
Key facts
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Arogya Dhara 2.0 also seeks to create more awareness regarding the Ayushman Bharat Scheme.
scheme.
On the occasion, minister launched three initiatives namely, Adhikar Patra, Ayushman Mitra and
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Abhinandan Patra.
Adhikar Patra
Adhikar Patra will be issued to the beneficiaries when they will be hospitalised for treatment under the PM-
JAY scheme. This patra will make beneficiaries aware of their rights in a way that they can claim free and
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cashless health care services.
Abhinandan Patra
It is a ‘thank you note’ and will be issued to the beneficiaries when beneficiaries will be discharged after
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their treatment under PM-JAY.
Ayushman Mitra
It is an initiative launched to encourage citizens to participate in motivating eligible beneficiaries to get
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verified under PM-JAY scheme. It also seeks to help beneficiaries to get the Ayushman Cards issued.
Background
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Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) recently (18 August) achieved a
milestone of 2 Crore hospital admissions. To mark this milestone, National Health Authority conducted this
virtual experience sharing session called Arogya Dhara 2.0.
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Objective of the event

This virtual event was organised with the objective of spreading words regarding landmark achievement and
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to acknowledge the dedication and efforts of healthcare workers and others who contributed towards
achieving the milestone.
Advanced Chaff Technology developed by DRDO
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The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has developed an advanced chaff technology
with the objective of safeguarding Indian Air Force Fighter Jets from enemy missiles.
Key Points
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This advanced chaff technology will be used to distract enemy’s radar-guided missiles.
Indian Air Force started the process of induction of this new technology after completing its
successful trials.
Technology has now been transferred to the industry in order to produce it in large quantities and
meet annual rolling requirement of the IAF.
This development is being appreciated as it has strengthened the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative of
the Indian Government.

Who developed this technology?
Advanced chaff material and chaff cartridge – 118/I was developed by two DRDO laboratories namely
Defence Laboratory of Jodhpur and High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL) of Pune. It
complies with the qualitative requirements of the IAF.
Significance of the technology
Significance of the advanced chaff technology lies in the fact that, very less quantity of chaff material is
deployed in the air which acts as decoy to deflect enemy’s missiles and ensuring safety of the fighter
aircraft.
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What is Chaff?
Chaff is an electronic counter-measure technology which is used by militaries across the world to protect
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high-value targets like fighter jets or naval ships from radars as well as radio frequency (RF) guiding
mechanisms of the enemy missiles. Chaff is deployed in air reflect as multiple targets for missile guidance
systems. Thus, it mislead the enemy radars or deflect adversary missiles.
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BRICS deal on cooperation in remote sensing satellite data sharing
BRICS Nations- Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa- signed a deal for cooperation in remote
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sensing satellite data sharing.
Key Points
According to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), this deal will enable the space agencies
of BRICS nation to build a virtual constellation of specified remote sensing satellites through which
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ground stations will receive data.
This agreement was signed on August 18, 2021 under India’s BRICS Chairship.
About BRICS
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BRICS nations are the major emerging economies who are known for their significant influence on regional
affairs. Government of BRICS have been meeting annually since 2009 at formal summits. 12th BRICS summit
was the latest edition which was hosted by Russia on November 17, 2020 virtually amid the COVID-19
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pandemic.
History of BRICS
Originally, there were a grouping of BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China). South Africa was added to the
grouping in 2010 to change the acronym to BRICS.
Share of BRICS
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BRICS nations have a combined area of 39,746,220 km2 with an estimated t population of around
3.21 billion. Area accounts for 26.656% of the world land surface while population accounts for 41.53% of
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the world population. Four members out of five are among world’s ten largest countries by population as
well as by area. Only South Africa is at 24th position with respect to both.
Bilateral relations among BRICS nations
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Bilateral relation between BRICS nations is conducted on the basis of non-interference, equality, and mutual
benefit. Existence of the BRICS group does not signify any formal or informal alliance as there are several
economic, territorial, and political disputes among the five members.
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Sanskrit Week: being celebrated from August 19 to 25

Sanskrit Week is being celebrated from August 19 to August 25, 2021.
Key Points
Sanskrit Week is celebrated to promote and popularise this ancient language.
On the beginning of this event, Prime Minister Narendra Modi urged everyone to learn and promote
Sanskrit language.
People were asked to take a pledge and generate a new enthusiasm for Indian cultural traditions &

languages and to make Sanskrit Language accessible to people easily.
World Sanskrit Day
This day is also known as Vishva-samskrita-dinam. It is an annual event that focuses around the ancient
Indian language of Sanskrit. Event incorporates lectures about the language. The day is celebrated with the
aim of promoting its revival and maintenance. Every year, the day is celebrated on Shraavana Poornima, the
full moon day of the Shraavana month in Hindu calendar. In the year 2021, the day will be marked on August
22. Sanskrit organisation Samskrita Bharati has been tasked with promoting the day.
Shravani Purnima
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Shravani Purnima, also called as Raksha Bandhan, is the festival of remembrance and worship of sages as
well as worship for their dedication. On the day, a sacred thread is worn before the study of Vedas in
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Gurukulas, Yajnopavita. The ceremony of wearing sacred thread is called as Upanayana or Upakarma
Sanskar. On the occasion, Priests also tie raksha-sutras to hosts.
Background
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Ministry of Education of Government issued notifications to celebrate Sanskrit Day in 1969. Since then, the
day is celebrated across India.
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Sanskrit week
Week in which Sanskrit Day falls, is celebrated as Sanskrit week. As Sanskrit is the official language in
Uttarakhand, different programs and competitions are organised in Sanskrit language every day in the
Sanskrit week. tn
Religious Tourism: PM Modi inaugurates multiple projects in Somnath
Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually inaugurated and laid foundation stone of multiple projects in
Somnath on August 20.
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Highlights
Inaugurated projects include the Somnath Promenade, reconstructed temple precinct of Old (Juna)
Somnath and Somnath Exhibition Centre.
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While inaugurating the projects, PM highlighted that, India needs to strengthen religious tourism. It
will provide employment to youth and enable them to get knowledge about our past.
Shiv Parvati Temple
Prime Minister also laid the foundation stone for Shree Parvati Temple on the occasion.
This temple is proposed to be constructed with a total outlay of Rupees 30 crore.
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It comprises of construction of temple in Sompura Salats Style, development of Garbha Griha and a
Nritya Mandap.
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About Somnath temple

Somnath temple is situated in Veraval (Somnath City), Saurashtra on the western coast of Gujarat. This
temple is believed to be the first of twelve Jyotirlinga shrines of Shiva. The temple is an important
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pilgrimage and tourist spot of Gujarat. It has been reconstructed multiple times in the past following
repeated destruction by Muslim invaders and rulers. Temple in its present form was reconstructed in
Chaulukya style of Hindu temple architecture. Its construction was completed in May 1951. Its construction
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was started on the orders of Home Minister of India Vallabhbhai Patel. Current chairman of Somnath Mandir
trust is Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
About Veraval
Name of the Veraval city was changed to Somnath city on March 30, 2021. It is a municipality and
headquarters of Gir Somnath district in Gujarat. This city is the hub of fishing industries in India.
China approves Three-Child Policy
National legislature of China formally endorsed the three-child policy that was mooted by ruling Communist

Party.
Key points
According to the Chinese officials, one-child policy that was implemented for over three decades has
prevented around 400 million births.
Third child policy is a major policy shift which is aimed at preventing a steep decline in birth rates in
the most populous country of world (China).
This revised Population and Family Planning Law allows Chinese couples to have three children. It
was passed by Standing Committee of National People’s Congress (NPC).
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The amended law also passed more social and economic support measures in order to address the
concerns of reluctance of Chinese couples to have more Children because of mounting costs.
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This law stipulates that, China will take supportive measures, including in finances, taxes, education,
insurance, housing and employment in order to reduce burdens of families, cost of raising and
educating children.
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Background
In May 2021, ruling Communist Party of China (CPC) approved a relaxation of strict two-child policy and
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allowed all couples to have up to three children.
Two Child Policy
China had permitted all couples to have up to two children in 2016 by scrapping the decades-old one-child
policy. This policy is considered as a demographic crisis by policymakers in China. One-child policy was in
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force for over three decades which has prevented more than 400 million births.
Why third child policy was approved?
This decision was taken following the census data that showed that population in China grew at the slowest
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pace to 1.412 billion. According to new census figures, demographic crisis was expected to deepen
because population of people above 60 years increased by 18.7% to 264 million.
Diksha Shinde-14-yr-old panellist on NASA's MSI Fellowship
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Diksha Shinde, who is a 14-year-old girl in Aurangabad, was selected as a panellist on Minority Serving
Institution (MSI) Fellowships Virtual Panel of American Space Agency, NASA.
Highlights
She wrote a theory on black holes. It was liked and accepted at NASA.
Her research paper on ‘We Live in Black Hole?’ was accepted by International Journal of Scientific
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and Engineering Research in May 2021.

She won the research competition that was organised by International Astronomical Search
s:
Collaboration.
She has been selected as a panellist for 2021 MSI Fellowships Virtual Panel in June.
She will get training at NASA when she will turn 18. She will also attend a conference which will be
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held in October 2021. NASA will bear all her expenses.

Background
Initially, she suffered two major setbacks. She had submitted an essay on the title ‘Questioning the
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existence of God’ in September 2020. But this essay was rejected. She submitted the same research paper
in October again which NASA rejected again. Her paper was accepted in third attempt.
What will be her job?
Her job include:
1. Reviewing proposals submitted by researchers and
2. Describing a collaborative approach to research with NASA and
3. Understanding connection between proposed research area student’s academic discipline pursuit.

Minority Serving Institute (MSI)
MSI is a descriptive term used for universities and colleges that enroll significant percentage of students
coming from minority groups in the higher education system of United States.
August 21, 2021
DCGI approves ZyCoV-D vaccine for Emergency Use Authorization
The Drug Controller General of India (DGCI) has approved ZyCoV-D vaccine by Zydus Cadila for Emergency
Use Authorization.
Key Points
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According to Ministry of Science and Technology, ZyCoV-D vaccine is the world’s first and India’s
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indigenously developed DNA-based vaccine for COVID-19.
It will be administered to humans including children and adults aged 12 years and more.
Who developed ZyCoV-D?
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Zydus Cadila developed this vaccine in partnership with the Department of Biotechnology under Mission
COVID Suraksha. It will be implemented by Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC).
About ZyCoV-D
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It is a three-dose, DNA plasmid-based COVID-19 vaccine. When it is injected into body, it produces spike
protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and evoke an immune response. It thus, plays a key role in protection from
disease and viral clearance.
Can the vaccine deal with mutations? tn
Plasmid DNA platform of the vaccine is based on plug-and-play technology. It can be easily adapted to deal
with mutations among virus.
Efficacy of the vaccine
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The Phase-3 Clinical Trials for the vaccine was conducted in over 28 thousand volunteers. Result showed
primary efficacy of 66.6 per cent in symptomatic RT-PCR positive cases. This was the largest vaccine trial
in India for COVID-19, as of now. Vaccine had already exhibited robust immunogenicity, tolerability and
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safety profile in adaptive Phase I and 2 clinical trials. Phase 1, 2 and 3 clinical trials were monitored by an
independent Data Safety Monitoring Board.
About Zydus Cadila
Zydus Cadila is also known as Cadila Healthcare Limited. It is an Indian multinational pharmaceutical
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company with its headquarter in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. This company is primarily engaged in manufacturing
generic drugs. Ramanbhai Patel founded this company in 1952.
INSACOG report: Delta variant driving infections in India
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A genome sequencing government consortium of Laboratories in India, INSACOG, stressed that

breakthrough infections of coronavirus cases in India comprise a high proportion of Delta variant.
Key Points
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INSACOG Highlights that, Continuing COVID-19 outbreaks in India are the result of Delta variant,
susceptible population and reduced vaccine effectiveness in breaking the transmission.
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However, it adds, vaccination is still very effective in reducing severe disease and death.
It also notes that, public health measures to reduce transmission and inoculation are still critical.
Sequencing of vaccination breakthroughs across India is also showing a high proportion of Delta
variant.
As per data sequencing done by INSACOG, out of 30230 samples of Variants of Concern and Variants
of Interest, 20324 were of Delta Variant.
Delta variant in India
Delta variant is driving the pandemic across several countries. China and Korea are also witnessing new
highs. Korea reported that, new surge is due to Delta plus K417N mutation. In between March to May 2021,
Delta variant caused a deadly second wave India that wreaked havoc on the health infrastructure and
hospitals. In India, new cases of AY.1, AY.2, AY.3 (Delta Plus) are being witnessed from July samples
collected from Maharashtra at a frequency of 1 per cent. However, none of these sub-lineages have a
growth advantage over Delta parent lineage. Thus, Delta variant is a major Variant of Concern in India this
time.
Active cases in India
Daily coronavirus cases India have reduced significantly since the peak of second wave in May. Active
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cases have come down to 3,63,605, lowest in 150 days. R Value, or Reproduction rate in India has also
dropped to 0.89.
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Assam announced Covid Relief Package for helpers, drivers & priests
Assam government has announced COVID relief package for helpers, drivers and priests.
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Key Points
Under the relief package, drivers and helpers of privately operated buses will be getting one-time
relief of Rs 10,000.
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Priests of the temple and head of Namghars (Vaishnavite place of worship) will be getting Rs 15,000
each.
Government is also contemplating a relief package for people who are associated with tent house
business, cultural fields and street vendors. tn
Other key decisions by government
On completion of 100 days at office, chief minister Himanta Biswa Sarma pointed that, state
government has made it mandatory to teach history and geography in schools.
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Allocation under the Orunodoi scheme is the largest initiatives for women empowerment. Allocation
has been increased from Rs 830 per month to Rs 1000 per family.
This scheme seeks to alleviate financial problem of improvised families by providing them
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substantial income support.

Allocation for drivers
Because of closure of inter-district movement in past three-month, long-distance buses are not playing. As a
result, driver and helper are facing financial hardship. Thus, an amount of Rs 10000 will be provided to each
of them. This benefit will reach to some 60,000 people.
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Covid-cases in Assam
According to the chief minister, state government has effectively controlled the second wave of COVID-19
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and is prepared for the third wave. In last 99 days around 1.22 Crore doses of vaccine have been
administered amount to 1.5 lakh per day. Positivity rate in state has also come down to one percent and
less.
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EAM S. Jaishankar slams China for terror stand at UNSC

President of UN Security Council & External affairs minister (EAM) of India, S. Jaishankar, slammed at China
for terror stand. He chaired the UNSC Briefing on “Threats to International Peace & Security Caused by
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Terrorist Acts” on August 19, 2021.

Key Points
He noted that, countries should not place “blocks and holds” the request to designate terrorists
without any reason. He also warned that double standards and distinctions between terrorists will be
made only at our own peril.
International community holds a collective view on terrorism that, it must be condemned in all its
forms and manifestations. There cannot exists any exception or justification for any act of terrorism.

Background
In January 2021, S. Jaishankar had proposed an eight-point action plan that was aimed at collectively
eliminating the scourge of terrorism.
UNSC is among principal organs of the United Nations (UN) that has been charged with ensuring
international peace and security. It recommends admission of new UN members to the General Assembly. It
also approves any changes to UN Charter. It has been vested with powers like establishing peacekeeping
operations, authorizing military action and enacting international sanctions. It is the only UN body to issue
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binding resolutions on member states.
Background
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UNSC was created after World War II after the League of Nations failed to maintain world peace. First
session of UNSC was held on January 17, 1946.
Members of UNSC
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UNSC comprises of five permanent members- China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United
States. Permanent members enjoy the veto power on any substantive resolution. Remaining ten members
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are elected on a regional basis who serve for a term of two years. Presidency of UNSC also rotates monthly
among its members.
Facebook India launched ‘Small Business Loans Initiative’
Facebook India has launched a new initiative called the “Small Business Loans Initiative” on August 20,
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2021.
Key Facts
This initiative was launched in partnership with online lending platform, Indifi.
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It will extend help to small and medium businesses (SMBs) who advertise on Facebook in order to get
quick access to credit with the help of independent lending partners.
India is the first country where Facebook rolled out this initiative.
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This facility is open to businesses that are registered across 200 towns and cities in India.
Indifi is the first lending partner with which Facebook has tied up. This initiative will bring more
partners on board in future.
The initiative was announced by Facebook India at a virtual event “Enabling MSME Growth through
Financial Inclusion”. It was hosted by Facebook India in partnership with FICCI (Federation of Indian
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Chambers of Commerce & Industry).

Aim of the initiative
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Facebook launched this initiative with the aim of making business loans more easily accessible to small
businesses. It also seeks to reduce the credit gap within India’s MSME sector.
Why this initiative was launched?
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As per “Future of Business” survey that was conducted by Facebook in association with OECD & World Bank
in 2020, a third of operational SMBs on Facebook in 2020 found cash flow as one of their primary
challenges. So, to provide them with loans, this initiative was launched.
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Interest on Loan
Through the partnership between Facebook and Indifi, small businesses advertising with Facebook can be
given loans at a predefined interest rate of 17-20 per cent per annum. This initiative will also enable small
businesses to get loans without collateral by means of a quick online application.
August 20: World Mosquito Day
World Mosquito Day 2021 was observed on August 20, to raise awareness and alertness regarding the
diseases caused by mosquitoes. The day also remembers Sir Ronald Ross who discovered a link between

female mosquitoes and malaria.
Concerns regarding Mosquitoes
Despite their very small or tiny in size, mosquitoes are the only predator in history who have lived
through centuries. It has caused death through vector-borne diseases such as malaria.
Because of their dangerous illness and disease, mosquitoes are considered as world’s deadliest
species. It led to the killing of around 7 lakh people every year.
As per the survey of world’s deadliest animals, mosquitoes acquired the top position.
Theme of World Mosquito Day 2021
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In the year 2021, World Mosquito Day was observed under the theme “Reaching the zero-malaria target”.
Background of World Mosquito Day
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The day is celebrated to remember Sir Ronald Ross for his discovery on Malaria. In the year 1897, British
doctor Sir Ronald Ross had discovered that female mosquitoes called Anopheles mosquitoes are the ones
who transmit malaria parasites among humans. He found that, female Anopheles mosquitoes are
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responsible for spreading the malarial parasite. It can also lead to killing an individual. This discovery was
made on August 20. Thus, the Mosquito Day is observed on August 20 since 1930s.
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Significance of the Day
This day is significant because it highlights and focus on efforts made by healthcare officials, NGOs, and
others who have contributed towards fighting against the illness caused by malaria. The day also raise
awareness among people regarding the diseases caused by mosquitoes.
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Ismail Sabri Yaakob: New Prime Minister of Malaysia
King of Malaysia has appointed Ismail Sabri Yaakob as the prime minister of the country on August 20,
2021.
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Key Points
Ismail Sabri Yaakob replaced Muhyiddin Yassin as Prime Minister.
Yassin stepped down as he lost the majority in parliament as he failed to effectively manage public
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health system.
Ismail Sabri was earlier Muhyiddin’s deputy who has now taken over amid surge in covid-19 infections
and economic slowdown.
Ismail Sabri secured majority support of 114 out of 222 members in Parliament.
Who is Ismail Sabri bin Yaakob?
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He is a Malaysian politician, who has been appointed as 9th Prime Minister of Malaysia since August 2021.
From July 2021 to August 2021, he served as the 13th Deputy Prime Minister. He was also the Minister of
s:
Defence in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration and a Member of Parliament (MP) for Bera
constituency since March 2004. He has become the shortest-serving Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia as
he served only for 40 days. He is also a member and Vice-President of the United Malays National
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Organisation (UMNO).
Parliament of Malaysia
It is the national legislature of Malaysia, running on the basis of Westminster system of Parliament. It is a
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bicameral parliament comprising of three components:

1. Dewan Rakyat (the House of Representatives)
2. Dewan Negara (the Senate)
3. Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King)- Head of State
Location of Parliament
The Parliament sits in Malaysian Houses of Parliament which is located in the national capital, Kuala
Lumpur.

China passes new Online Privacy Law
China passed a new Online Privacy Law on August 20, 2021 with the aim of preventing businesses from
collecting any sensitive personal data.
Background
New law was passed in the backdrop of China facing an uptick in internet scams. Companies like ride
hailing giant Didi and gaming behemoth Tencent in regulators’ have been accused of over misuse of
personal data in recent months.
About the new rule
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Under the new rule, China targets tech giants who are collecting personal data.
Under it, China’s top legislative body, state as well as private entities handling personal information
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are required to reduce data collection and obtain user consent before processing it.
However, Chinese state security apparatus will be maintaining access to personal data.
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Law also provided that, personal data of Chinese nationals cannot be transferred to countries having
lower standards of data security than China.
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China has always been accused of harnessing big tech to accelerate repression in northwestern Xinjiang
province and elsewhere. New rules are also expected to further rattle China’s tech sector.
Aim of the new law
The new law was passed with the aim of protecting those who “feel strongly that their personal data is
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being used for user profiling and by recommendation algorithms or in setting prices”. New law will prevent
companies from setting different prices for same service on the basis of clients’ shopping history.
How it was framed?
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New law has been modelled on the basis of European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation. This EU
law is considered as world’s strictest online privacy protection laws.
Ratification of Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol
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India has approved the ratification of the Kigali Agreement to the Montreal Protocol in order to phase down
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
What it means for India?
India now requires to reduce its HFCs usage by 80% by 2047. China and the US have to achieve the same in
2045 and 2034.
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Key Points
Experts note that, India has exemplified its climate leadership by approving the ratification process.
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Under the ratification, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) will be phased down early which in turn will make
the Indian industry globally competitive across the climate-friendly cooling products.
Ratification provided big opportunity to India to be on course of early phase down of HFCs by means
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of domestic innovation.
Phase-down of HFCs is going to prevent emission of up to 105 million tonnes of carbon dioxide
equivalent of greenhouse gases. Thus, it will help in avoiding up to 0.5 degrees Celsius of global
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temperature increase by 2100 and will also help in protecting the ozone layer.
India is the first country that launched a cooling action plan in 2019.
Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol
It is an international agreement that seeks to gradually reduce consumption and production of
hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). This is a legally binding agreement that has been designed to create rights and
obligations in international law.

Background
Montreal Protocol was originally created in order to preserve and restore the ozone layer. Protocol was an
agreement in between participating countries in order to do away with ozone depleting gases. Under the
agreement, HFCs were used to replace the banned substances as they have zero impact on the ozone. But
HFCs are powerful greenhouse gases that contributes towards climate change. Thus, Kigali amendment
added HFCs to the list of chemicals that countries are required to phase out.
Which countries have ratified this amendment?
121 states and the European Union have ratified the Kigali Amendment as of July 2021. India is the new
e
entrant to the list. US has not ratified the amendment but pledged in April 2021 to do so.
WFP report: Hunger spreading in Afghanistan
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According to the UN food agency, World Food Programme (WFP), out of 39 million people, 14 million people
are facing severe hunger in Afghanistan.
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Key points
UN food agency has been able to negotiate with the Taliban in order distribute aid in one provincial
capital in Afghanistan. However, it is unable to resume food deliveries to three other provincial
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capitals.
This is the second drought in three years that country is facing.
This year, drought is combined with fighting.
Draught had afflicted Afghanistan much before the Taliban takeover of the country on August 15.
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As per WFP estimates, around 2 million children are malnourished in Afghanistan.
World Food Programme (WFP)
WEP is the food-assistance branch of United Nations and the world’s largest humanitarian organization. It
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largely focuses on hunger and food security. WEP is also the largest provider of school meals. It was
founded in 1961 with its headquarter in Rome. It also has offices across 80 countries. Organisation has
served about 97 million people in 88 countries as of 2019.
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Function of WEP
Besides emergency food relief, WFP provided technical assistance and development aid like building
capacity for emergency preparedness and response, promoting social safety programs, managing supply
chains & logistics and strengthening resilience against the climate change. It is also major provider of direct
cash assistance and medical supplies.
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Goal of WEP
WFP, as an executive member of the United Nations Development Group, aims to fulfil the 17 Sustainable
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Development Goals (SDG) with focus on achieving SDG 2 for zero hunger by 2030.
India-Russia deals to procure AK-103 rifles
India and Russia have signed a deal to immediately procure AK-103 Rifles on August 20, 2021.
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Key points
This deal was inked as a part of mega infantry modernisation programme.
Under this programme, India is procuring a number of AK-103 series of assault rifles from Russia for
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the Indian Army.

Deal was finalised under the provisions of emergency procurement or emergency financial powers
which have been granted to the three services to make urgent purchases.
Indian Army has a requirement of 770,000 AK-47 203 rifles. Out of this, 100000 will be imported and
rest will be manufactured in India.
Modernization plan
Under the modernization plan, Indian army is purchasing a huge number of light machine guns, battle

carbines and assault rifles which will replace its ageing and obsolete weapons.
Background
This development came four years after the Indian Army started the process to acquire around seven lakh
rifles,44600 carbines and 44,000 light machine guns in 2017. India and Russia had inked major deal to
manufacture AK-47 203 rifles in India in September 2020.
Highlights of the deal
This rifle will be manufactured under the joint venture Indo-Russia Rifles Private Limited (IRRPL). Cost of a
single rifle will be nearly USD 1100, including the cost of setting up of manufacturing unit as well as the cost
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of technology – transfer.
About AK-47 203
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It is the latest and most advanced version of AK-47 rifle. It is a modernize 200 series AK-103 variant. This
rifle will replace Indian Small Arms System (INSAS) 5.56×45 mm assault rifle, which was in use since 1996.
Indo-Russia Rifles Private Limited (IRRPL)
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IRRPL is a rifle-manufacturing facility in Korwa village of Amethi district in Uttar Pradesh. This factory will
manufacture the AK-203 variant of the rifles. This factory was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi
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in 2019. It is a joint-venture of Ordnance Factory Board of India and Kalashnikov Concern of Russia.
Rosoboronexport is also holding a minority stake. OFB has 50.5% majority stake, Kalashnikov has 42% while
Rosoboronexport has 7.5% stake in IRRPL.
India's Highest Herbal Park inaugurated near Indo-China border
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India’s highest herbal park, at a height of 11,000 feet, was inaugurated near Indo-China border at Mana
village in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand.
Aim of the high-altitude herbal park
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This high-altitude herbal park was inaugurated with the aim of conserving various medicinally and culturally
important alpine species and to conduct research on propagation and habitat ecology of these species.
Where it was developed?
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The Park has been developed on the area of three acres in Mana Village. The land was given by Mana Van
Panchayat. It was developed by the Research Wing of Uttarakhand Forest Department.
How it was developed?
This Park was developed in three years under Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning
Authority (CAMPA) scheme of the central government.
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About the Herbal Park

Herbal Park comprises of 40 species which are found in high altitude alpine areas in Indian Himalayan
s:
region. Many of these species are categorized as endangered and threatened in the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list as well as by the State Biodiversity Board. Park comprises of several
important medicinal herbs also. Park was inaugurated by the Sarpanch of Mana Van Panchayat.
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Four sections of park

Park has been divided into four sections:
First section– It comprises of species associated with Badrinath (lord Vishnu) including Badri Tulsi,
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Badri Tree, Badri Ber, and sacred tree of Bhojpatra.

Second section– It is dedicated to Ashtavarga species. This species is a group of eight herbs that are
found in the Himalayan region.
Third section– It comprises of Saussurea species and includes Brahmakamal which is the state
flower of Uttarakhand.
Fourth section– It comprises of assorted alpine species such as Ateesh, Meethavish, Choru and
Vankakdi.

August 23, 2021
Exercise Konkan 2021
On August 21, 2021; Exercise Konkan 2021 was held in English Channel in between INS Tabar and HMS
Westminster.
Key Points
Konkan exercise witnessed the participation of integral helicopters of two ships and Falcon
Electronic Warfare aircraft.
Exercises like co-ordinated anti-submarine procedures, combined maritime picture compilation, firing
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drills, replenishment at sea and combat formation maneuvering were conducted during the exercise.
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These exercises and diverse professional engagements enabled Exercise Konkan 2021 in
consolidating interoperability which in turn have helped in establishing a strong bond of friendship
between both the navies.
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About Konkan exercise
The naval exercise Konkan 18 is held in between the navies of India and United Kingdom. It is based on the
long-term strategic relationship between them. This exercise provides a platform for the Navies to
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periodically conduct exercise at sea and in harbour in order to build interoperability and share best
practices.
Background
The bilateral Konkan exercise started in 2004 and has now grown in scale.
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INS Tabar
INS Tabar is the third Talwar-class frigate in Indian Navy, which was commissioned on April 19, 2004 in
Kaliningrad, Russia. Captain Mahesh Mangipudi is the current Commanding Officer (CO) of INS Tabar. It
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reached the home-port of Mumbai on July 31, 2004. INS Tabar is assigned to Western Naval Command of
Indian Navy, which is headquartered in Mumbai. This warship can handle air or surface or subsurface
missions and defend herself.
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HMS Westminster
It is a Type 23 frigate of the Royal Navy, which was launched on February 4,1992. It has been named after
Dukedom of Westminster.
UNICEF: Children in India at high risk of Climate Crisis impacts
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According to a new report by UNICEF, Children in India are at extreme high risk of impacts of climate crisis.
Key Findings of report
As per report, India is among four South Asian countries where children are most at risk.
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Climate change threaten their health, education, and protection.

Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan and India are the four South Asian countries where children are at
extremely high risk.
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Pakistan was ranked at 14th position, Bangladesh at 15th, Afghanistan at 25th while India at 26th.
Nepal is ranked at 51st, Sri Lanka 61st, while Bhutan is ranked 111th.
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About 1 billion children live in 33 countries that are classified as ‘extremely high-risk’.
More than 600 million Indians will face ‘acute water shortages’ in upcoming years.
At the same time, flash flooding will increase significantly in India’s urban areas once the global
temperature increases to 2° Celsius.
Further, twenty-one of world’s 30 cities with the most polluted air were in India in 2020.
CCR-about Index
These findings were published in UNICEF’s report titled: “’The Climate Crisis Is a Child Rights Crisis:
Introducing the Children’s Climate Risk Index” (CCRI). CCRI is the first focussed report on children by
UNICEF. The index ranks countries on the basis of children’s exposure to climate and environmental shocks
like cyclones and heatwaves including the vulnerability to those shocks on the basis of their access to
essential services.
High-risk in India
Index has placed India among one of the 33 extremely high-risk countries where flooding and air pollution
are repeated environmental shocks. Such shocks lead to the socio-economic adverse consequences for
women and children.
NTPC commissioned 25 Megawatt floating solar PV project
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NTPC Ltd commissioned the largest floating solar PV project in Visakhapatnam. It is a 25 MW project on
reservoir of Simhadri thermal power station.
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Key Facts
This is the first solar project that was set up under the Flexibilisation Scheme. This scheme was notified by
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the Central Government in 2018.
About the floating solar PV project
The floating solar project has a unique anchoring design.
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It was constructed over an area of 75 acres of reservoir.
This project has the potential of generating electricity from more than 1 lakh solar PV modules.
2000MW coal-fired Simhadri Station is the first power project that implemented an open sea intake
from the Bay of Bengal which has been operational for more than 20 years.
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Significance of the project
This project is significant in a manner that, it will help in lighting around 7,000 households. It will also
ensure that at least 46,000 tons of CO2 are avoided every year for the entire lifespan of this project. It will
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save 1,364 million litres of water per annum which can be used to meet the yearly water requirements of
6,700 households.
Other projects by NTPC
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NTPC has also planned to set up a hydrogen-based micro-grid system at Simhadri on a pilot basis. NTPC
has also become the first energy company of India to declare its energy compact goals under the UN High-
level Dialogue on Energy (HLDE).
About NTPC’s capacity
NTPC has a total installed capacity of 66900 MW. This group has 71 power stations comprising of 29
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renewable projects. It has a set target of installing 60 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy (RE) capacity by
2032. Over 17 GW of capacity, including 5 GW of renewable energy projects, are under construction.
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USAID, DFC & Kotak Bank loan agreement for women & MSMEs in India
USAID (United States Agency for International Development) and USDFC (U.S. International Development
Finance Corporation) are sponsoring a US $50 million loan portfolio guarantee to the Kotak Mahindra Bank
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(KMBL).
Key Facts
This agreement was signed in order to support increased access of finance for women borrowers as
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well as micro, small & medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India.

This agreement will help MSMEs in rebuilding & scale their business that have been impacted by
COVID-19.
About the loan programme
Under the loan program, Kotak Mahindra Bank will provide loans in order to lend it to Non-Banking
Financial Companies (NBFCs) which are operating in MSME and Microfinance (MFI) space.
It will help in providing credit to the end borrowers which in turn will promote a sustained and

inclusive economic growth.
It will also play a significant role on economic empowerment of the women because about 50% of the
loans will be lent to women-led or women-managed MSMEs, or to those MSMEs that employ a certain
percentage of women.
This programme is expected to benefit more than 30,000 individual women borrowers and 7,500
MSME firms.
Other supporters of programme
This loan agreement program will be supported by Chennai-based NBFC called Vivriti Capital. It will
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be providing a US $1 million first loss guarantee.
An extensive analytical & sourcing support will be provided by debt platform CredAvenue.
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DFC will provide a pari passu guaranty to the bank. This guarantee is financially sponsored by USAID.
About DFC
U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) is a development bank of America. It partners
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with private sector to extend finance solutions to the challenges that developing world are facing today. It
invests across sectors such as healthcare, energy, critical infrastructure and technology. It also provides
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financial support to small businesses and women entrepreneurs with the objective of creating jobs.
Delhi CM to inaugurate India's First Smog Tower
Chief Minister of Delhi, Arvind Kejriwal, will inaugurate India’s first smog tower at Baba Kharak Singh Marg
in Connaught Place (CP), Delhi. tn
Smog tower at CP
It is over 20-metre-tall structure and was set up to improve air quality in a radius of around 1 km.
The tower will operate at full capacity after the monsoon season.
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This smog-tower was built at the cost of Rs 20 crores.
Performance of the tower will be assessed by scientists of the Delhi Pollution Control Committee and
they will present a monthly report.
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Smog tower at Anand Vihar

Central government will build a 25-metre-tall smog tower at Anand Vihar. It is likely to become operational
by August 31.
Who have designed the tower?
Kurin Systems is developing a 12-metre-tall smog tower in Delhi. The tower is dubbed as Kurin City Cleaner.
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Tower at CP as well as Anand Vihar will comprise of 1,200 air filters developed by experts at the University
of Minnesota, United States. This university also helped in designing a 100-metre-high smog tower in Xian,
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China.
Background
This project was approved by Delhi cabinet in October 2020. It was approved after The Supreme Court
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directed the central government in January 2020 to construct a smog tower in order to reduce pollution at
Anand Vihar and Delhi government to install it at Connaught Place in three months.
What is smog tower?
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Smog towers are structures that are designed as large-scale air purifiers in order reduce air pollution
particles. Prototype for such structure was built in 2017 in Beijing (China) by Dutch artist Daan
Roosegaarde. A 100-metre tower was built in Xi’an, Shaanxi in 2018 in a bid to tackle pollution.
Malabar Naval Exercise to begin on August 26
The navies of India, US, Australia and Japan are all set to conduct the Malabar Naval Exercise from August
26, 2021.

Key Points
The sea drill will be conducted off the Guam island, which is a territory of US. It is located 2,500 km
east of the Philippines.
The annual exercise will be four-day affair.
It will be conducted with the aim of enhancing inter-operability, gaining from best practices and
developing a common understanding of procedures required for maritime security operations.
Series of complex surface, under-water and air operations will be conducted as a part of the drill.
About Malabar Exercise
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Malabar exercise is an annual naval exercise between the navies of India, Japan, Australia and the USA. It is
held alternately in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean.
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Background
Malabar exercise was started as a bilateral naval exercise in 1992 in between India the USA in 1992. In
2015, it was expanded into a trilateral format by including Japan. In November 2020, Australia also agreed
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to join the exercise on India’s request.
Aim of the exercise
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The Malabar exercise is conducted annually with the aim of supporting free, open and inclusive Indo-Pacific
region. It also remains committed to a rule based international order. It also seeks to achieve
interoperability with an emphasis on humanitarian assistance, anti-submarine warfare, gunnery training,
surface war manoeuvres, counter-terror operations, and aerial surveillance.
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How Australia was included?
The issue of inclusion of Australia in Malabar was discussed at the Quad foreign ministers meet in Tokyo in
October 2020. Following the meeting, India invited Australia to join. This decision was taken with the goal of
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enhancing the ability of India, Japan, Australia and USA to work jointly towards bringing peace and stability
across Indo-pacific region.
Area under kharif crops decreases - Agriculture Ministry
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According to the data released by Agriculture Ministry on August 22, 2021 Area under kharif crops such as
paddy witnessed a marginal decline of 1.55 per cent at 1,043.87 lakh hectares in the ongoing monsoon
season.
Highlights
Ministry has highlighted that, kharif crops decreased due to “deficient, scattered or erratic rainfall at
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the beginning of monsoon season”.

In the year 2020, total area under kharif crops was 1,060.37 lakh hectares for the same period.
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Area has however increased by 33.40 lakh hectares, as compared to the five-year average of 1,010.48
lakh hectares.
Area under cotton cultivation has decreased by 10.65 lakh hectares as compared to 2020. However,
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when compared with the normal average, this decrease is only 1.01 lakh hectares.
Less acreage of cotton was reported from the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and
Punjab because of deficient or erratic rains.
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About Kharif crops

Kharif crops are also called as monsoon crops or autumn crops. They are domesticated plants which are
cultivated and harvested across India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. It is cultivated during monsoon season in
Indian subcontinent, lasting from June to November. These crops are generally harvested from third Week
of September to October. Major kharif crops in India include Maize, Rice, and Cotton.
Background
World Kharif have their origins in Arabic language. It was started being used in India with the ascent of

Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. Kharif means “autumn” in Arabic.
Kharif crop in India
Rice is the most significant Kharif crop in India, growing in rain-fed areas with hot and humid climates. It
requires a temperature of 16–20 °C for the growing season and 18–32 °C for ripening. Rainfall of 150–200
centimetres and a flooded field is required during the growth period.
Hurriyat groups to be banned under UAPA
The central government is considering to ban both factions of the Hurriyat Conference under the Unlawful
Activities Prevention Act (UAPA) for funding terror.
e
Highlights
This decision was taken after National Investigation Agency (NIA) found that outfits linked with the
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Hurriyat raised money to fund terror in Jammu and Kashmir.
According to the officials, NIA was probing into MBBS seats being allotted to Kashmiri students by
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institutions in Pakistan. It was found that, money collected from aspirants by some outfits was
diverted for terror activities in J&K.
This became a sufficient ground for banning the Hurriyat factions under Section 3(1) of the UAPA.
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About the Hurriyat Group
Hurriyat Organisation came into existence in 1993. It was an organisation comprising of 26 groups. It also
comprised of People’s Conference and Awami Action Committee. In the year 2005, it got diving into two
factions- tn
1. Moderate group- it was led by Mirwaiz and
2. Hardline- it was headed by Geelani
National Investigation Agency (NIA)
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NIA is counter-terrorist task force in India. It is empowered to deal with terror related crimes without
requiring any special permission from the states. It was established under the enactment National
Investigation Agency Act, 2008 by the Parliament on December 31, 2008 in the aftermath 26/11 terror
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attack in Mumbai. It is headquartered in New Delhi along with branches in Guwahati. Hyderabad, Lucknow,
Kochi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Raipur and Jammu. It also maintains a NIA Most Wanted list.
Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA)
UAPA is an Indian law which was enacted with the aim of preventing unlawful activities associations in
India. Main objective of UAPA was to make powers available to deal with activities against integrity and
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sovereignty of India.
PayPal launched crypto buying and selling in UK
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PayPal Holdings Inc has launched crypto buying and selling in the United Kingdom.
Key points
PayPal will allow customers in the UK to buy, sell and hold bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies now.
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This roll-out marks the first international expansion of cryptocurrencies services of PayPal outside of
the United States.
The move will further inspire mainstream adoption of new asset class.
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PayPal cryptocurrency services

PayPal is having over 403 million active accounts worldwide and is the largest mainstream financial
companies that offer consumers access to cryptocurrencies.
It launched cryptocurrency buying and selling in United States in the year 2021 and later enabled its
customers to use their digital coin holdings in order to shop at millions of merchants on its network.
PayPal hoped its involvement into the new asset class would encourage global use of virtual coins.

PayPal’s service in UK
PayPal’s service in the UK will be rival of established cryptocurrency exchanges like Coinbase Global Inc
and fintech startups like Revolut. In UK, customers will be able to buy bitcoin, ether, litecoin and bitcoin
cash by using the PayPal wallets online or on mobile app.
PayPal Holdings, Inc
It is an American multinational financial technology company. It operates an online payments system
across countries supporting online money transfers. It serves as an electronic alternative for traditional
paper methods like checks and money orders. PayPal operates as the payment processor for online
e
vendors, auction sites, as well as commercial users. It also charges a fee for providing the service. It was
established as Confinity in 1998. In 2002, it went public by means of initial public offering.
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Israel launched Covid antibody tests for children aged 3
Israel launched antibody testing for children aged as three in order to get the exact number of unvaccinated
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youths who have developed antibody against coronavirus.
Key Points
These tests were launched in the backdrop of opening up of schools.
ps
Despite increasing daily infections because of highly transmissible Delta variant, Government of
Israel wants to avoid the hardships and developmental setbacks that are caused by school closures.
Israel already started vaccinating children aged 12 and above.
Serological survey in Israel tn
The national serological survey of Israel focuses on pupils aged between three and 12 who are not yet
eligible for the vaccination. They account for nearly 1.5 million in number. This largest serological operation
of Israel conducted by a free 15-minute test. Test will be done by finger pin-prick.
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Aim of the tests
Mass covid-19 antibody tests will be carried with the aim of discovering how many children developed
strong antibody protection against coronavirus. Children with sufficient antibodies would not be forced to
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quarantine when they will be exposed to a Covid patient. Thus, it aims to limit school-year disruptions.
Who is conducting the survey?
This survey is being conducted the health ministry, education ministry and army’s Home Front command.
First country to launch vaccine
Israel was among the first countries to launch a vaccination drive in mid-December 2020 by an agreement
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with Pfizer. Under the agreement, Israel obtained millions of paid vaccine doses and in return it shared data
on effectiveness of vaccines. Now, Israel is moving forward with a third, or booster shot for everyone over
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40.
Report: Third wave could peak late October
According to the committee of experts, set up under National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM), the
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third Covid wave that could peak around late October.

Key Points
Committee of experts was set up as per the direction of the Home Ministry, asking for a better
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preparedness for children who might be at high risk.

This study is titled as ‘Third Wave Preparedness: Children Vulnerability and Recovery’.
Study comprises of details regarding the possibility of Covid-affecting children as well as required
strategies to deal with pandemic.
Findings of the report
As per the report, “paediatric facilities such as doctors, staff, equipment like ventilators, ambulances,
etc are much lesser than what may be required if large number of children become infected”.

There are about 82 percent shortage of paediatricians in primary health centres along with 63 percent
vacancies across community health centres.
It notes that, third wave is already there as R value has increased from 0.9 to 1 as of now.
It called to prioritise vaccination among children with co-morbidities and to give special focus on
children with disability.
Report underlined those kids are vulnerable because they haven’t beThiren vaccinated. They are more
prone to severe infections as they can pass the virus to others.
Report on second wave
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According to report, about 60- 70 per cent children got hospitalised due to Covid had co-morbidities during
second wave of covid-19. It notes that low immunity among children was primary cause behind many
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developing Multi-system Inflammatory Syndrome.
Egypt closes Gaza border
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Egypt closed its main border crossing point with Gaza Strip on August 23, 2021 because of tensions with
Hamas rulers.
Key Points
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Rafah crossing was closed for the first time during a workday in year 2021.
This crossing was kept open during the 11-day war between Israel and Hamas in May 2021.
As per Egyptian officials, closing of the border was due to Cairo’s efforts of brokering a long-term
cease-fire between Israel and Hamas. tn
Background
Closure of border was the result of violence that erupted on August 21 after a protest organized by Hamas.
Hamas organized the protest to draw attention towards Israeli-Egyptian blockade of the territory. Some 24
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Palestinians were wounded by Israeli shooting.
About Gaza Strip
Gaza Strip is a self-governing Palestinian territory located on the eastern coast of Mediterranean Sea. It
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shares its border with Egypt on the southwest for 11 kilometers and with Israel on the east & north for a 51
km. Gaza and the West Bank are claimed by sovereign State of Palestine. Both the territories are separated
from each other by Israeli territory. However, since Battle of Gaza in June 2007, Gaza Strip has been
governed by Hamas, which is a Palestinian fundamentalist militant Islamic organization. It came into power
after the elections in 2006.
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About Hamas
Hamas is a Palestinian Sunni-Islamic fundamentalist, a militant, and a nationalist organization. It comprises
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of a social service win called Dawah, and a military wing called Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades. It holds a
majority in the parliament of Palestinian National Authority. United States, Canada, European Union, Israel
and Japan have designated Hamas as a terrorist organization.
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August 24, 2021

Manipur: COVID-19 Affected Livelihood Support Scheme launched
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Chief Minister of Manipur, N. Biren Singh, launched COVID-19 Affected Livelihood Support Scheme on
August 23, 2021.
Key points
This scheme was launched in a bid to provide assistance to those who had severely affected by
COVID-19 pandemic in Manipur.
Chief Minister noted on the occasion that, the State Government had been working sincerely with an
aim to uplift poor and weaker sections. Government is there for people to serve them always.
This scheme was introduced considering the economic dislocations, that severely affected the
livelihood of large percentage of the population. It has led to an inability to maintain a basic minimum
standard of living.
In order to avail the benefits of scheme, chief minister urged the public to be sincere and to avoid
making any false document while applying for any schemes or scholarships in order to ensure that
benefit could reach the targeted and eligible beneficiaries.
Financial assistance under the Livelihood Support Scheme was distributed to some beneficiaries like
street vendors, public transport drivers, van drivers, and artists on the occasion of launch of the
scheme.
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About Manipur
The northeastern state of India, with its capital in Imphal, is bounded by the Nagaland in the north, Mizoram
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in the south and Assam in the west. It also shares borders with two regions of Myanmar namely- Sagaing
Region in the east and Chin State in the south. The state is spread over an area of 22,327 square kilometres.
It has a population of 3 million. Meitei group is in majority group in the state. Other tribes living in the state
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include- Meitei Pangals (Manipuri Muslims), Kuki or Zo tribes, Naga tribes, and other communities. They
speak a variety of Sino-Tibetan languages.
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INS Shakti reached Sri Lanka with 100 tonnes of Liquid Medical Oxygen
Indian naval ship (INS) Shakti reached Sri Lanka on August 22, 2021 carrying 100 tonnes of liquid medical
oxygen (LMO) in a bid to help the island nation in combating the Covid-19 pandemic.
Highlights tn
INS Shakti was deployed for the delivery of oxygen in response to a personal request for urgent
supply of LMO by Sri Lankan President Gotabaya Rajapaksa.
Camaraderie and coordination between Navies of India and Sri Lanka were on display when Sri
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Lankan Naval Vessel Shakthi with 40 tonnes of LMO on board also commenced its journey from
Chennai to Colombo along with the INS Shakti.
India’s assistance to Sri Lanka
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India’s assistance to Sri Lanka amid the COVID-19 pandemic has been varied and need-based in nature.
During April-May 2020, 26 tonnes of essential medical supplies were gifted to the country while in July
2020, Currency swap of USD 400 million was provided. India also donated first consignment of covid-19
vaccines to Sri Lanka in January 2021. Following the donation of vaccines, Sri Lanka rolled out its
vaccination programme ahead of the schedule.
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Covid-19 cases in Sri Lanka

Covid-19 cases have been rising rapidly in Sri Lanka. The death toll has increased to more than 7,000 with
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nearly 200 fatalities in a single day. As a result, the demand of LMO has increased by 30 percent in order to
handle the rapid rise on new covid-19 cases.
INS Shakti (A57)
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INS Shakti, a Deepak-class fleet tanker, is in service with the Indian Navy. It was constructed by Fincantieri,
an Italian shipbuilding company from Trieste. It is the second and final ship in the Deepak Class. This ship
is among the largest ships in Indian Navy. Its construction was started in November 2009, launched in
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October 2010 and commissioned in October 2011.

FM launched ‘National Monetisation Pipeline’ scheme
Finance Minister, Nirmala Sitharaman, unveiled a four-year National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) scheme
on August 23, 2021.
About NMP scheme
Scheme was launched with a Rs 6 lakh crore unlock value in brownfield projects.
It also engages the private sector. They will have the rights but not the ownership in projects.

Scheme will be using the funds for infrastructure creation across India.
Under the scheme, roads, railways and power sector assets would be comprising of more than 66 per
cent of the total estimated value of the assets to be monetised.
Rest of the estimated value will come from sector like mining, telecom, ports, aviation, natural gas,
warehouses & stadiums and petroleum product pipelines.
Real estate investment trusts (REITs) and infrastructure investment trusts (InvITs) are some of
structures that will be used to monetise assets in roads and power sectors.
Significance of the monetisation
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According to Finance Minister, monetisation will help in creating further value for infrastructure creation
India and exploring innovative ways of private participation without transferring the government ownership.
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Key challenges of the scheme
Major key challenges in the NMP roadmap include:
1. Lack of identifiable revenue streams across various assets,
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2. Level of capacity utilisation across gas and petroleum pipeline networks,
3. Dispute resolution mechanism,
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4. Regulated tariffs in power sector assets, and
5. Low interest among investors for national highways below four lanes.
Assets in the NMP list
Assets on the NMP list include- tn
1. 26700 km of roads, railway stations, train operations & tracks
2. 28608 CKT km of power transmission lines
3. 6 GW of hydroelectric & solar power assets
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4. 86 lakh km fibre assets & 14,917 towers in the telecom sector
5. 8154 km of natural gas pipelines and
6. 3930 km of petroleum product pipelines.
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N. S. Vishwanathan Panel on Urban Co-operative Banks

Reserve Bank of India had appointed committee headed by N. S. Vishwanathan to make suggestions on
structure for the urban cooperative banks (UCBs)
Key Points
Panel was set up to suggest structure on the basis of deposits, prescribed different capital adequacy
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as well as regulatory norms for them with respect to their sizes.

RBI had constituted the Expert Committee on Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks under the
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chairmanship of N S Vishwanathan in February 2021

Recommendations by panel
As per committee, UCBs can be split into four categories
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1. Tier-1- with deposits up to Rs 100 crore;

2. Tier-2 with deposits between Rs 100-Rs 1000 crore,
3. Tier-3 with deposits between Rs 1000 crore to Rs 10000 and
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4. Tier-4 with deposits more than Rs 10000 crore.

It suggests that, minimum Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) for these tiers can vary
between 9 per cent to 15 per cent.
While, for Tier-4 UCBs Basel III prescribed norms can be followed.
It suggests separate ceilings for loan against gold ornaments, home loans and unsecured loans for
different categories of UCBs.
Supervisory Action Framework (SAF) should follow a twin-indicator approach. It can consider only

asset quality and capital measured through NNPA and CRAR, rather than going with triple indicators
approach at present.
Consolidation of UCBs
Panel reports on consolidation of UCBs highlights that, RBI should be largely neutral to voluntary
consolidation except where supervisory action is required. RBI should use the route of mandatory merger in
to resolve UCBs that are not meeting with prudential requirements. It also suggests that, under Banking
Regulation (BR) Act, RBI can come up with the scheme of compulsory amalgamation or reconstruction of
UCBs.
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Yuktdhara: New portal launched under Geoportal Bhuvan
The government launched a new geospatial planning portal called ‘Yuktdhara’ under Bhuvan. It was
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launched by Giriraj Singh, Minister of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj.
Key Facts about Yuktdhara
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This new portal will help in facilitating new MGNREGA assets with the help of remote sensing as well
as geographic information system-based data.
Portal will also serve as a repository of geotags that have been created under several national rural
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development programmes such as MGNREGA, Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana, Integrated Watershed
Management Programme, Per Drop More Crop etc along with field photographs.
It integrates several thematic layers and multi-temporal high resolution earth observation data with
the analysis tools. Using these tools, planners will be able to analyse previous assets under schemes
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and would facilitate in identifying new works using online tools.
Yuktdhara-based plans would be prepared by grassroot functionaries. Plans would later be verified by
appropriate authorities for the purpose of relevance and resource allocation.
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How this portal was named?
The name Yuktdhara is very apt. Word ‘Yukt’ has been derived from Yojanam, the planning while ‘Dhara’
indicates the flow.
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Who planned for this portal?

Launch of the portal is culmination of joint efforts of ISRO and Ministry of Rural development towards
realising the requirement of G2G service for rural planning in order to support the decentralized decision
making.
Geoportal Bhuvan
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Geoportal Bhuvan is a rich information base of ISRO. It provides satellite images and analytical capabilities.
It has thus become a de-facto geospatial platform for several developmental planning activities across
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India.
NeoBolt: India’s first indigenous Motorised Wheelchair Vehicle
Indian Institute of Technology (Madras) has developed India’s first indigenous motorised wheelchair vehicle
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called NeoBolt.
Key Facts
NeoBolt can be used on roads as well as on uneven terrains.
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It has a maximum speed of 25 kmph and it can travel up to 25 km per charge.

It was developed to empower wheelchair users a convenient, safe and low-cost mode of outdoor
mobility as compared to cars, auto rickshaws and modified scooters.
It is powered by a Lithium-Ion Battery.
NeoBolt is a motor-powered attachment that converts the wheelchair into a safe, road-worthy vehicle.
Wheelchair import
India currently imports 2.5 lakh of wheelchairs out of total three lakh wheelchairs that are sold in India

annually. This is because, products with comparable features are available only in international market. But
those wheelchairs are three to five times more expensive as compared to what has been developed by IIT
Madras researchers.
Who designed the wheelchair?
Researchers collaborated with organisations and hospitals that are working for people with locomotor
disability to build this wheel chair considering their experiences and making design adjustments.
Who developed the wheelchair?
Wheelchair has been developed by Centre for Rehabilitation Research and Device Development, of the IIT
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Madras. This vehicle was commercialised by means of a startup called “Neo Motion”.
What is the cost of wheelchair?
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Wheelchair will be available for users at a price of Rs 55,000.
India showcased Indigenous Fighter Aircraft at ‘ARMY- 2021’ in Moscow
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India pitched its indigenously built fighter aircrafts at the International Military-Technical Forum
‘ARMY-2021’ in Moscow.
Highlights
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DRDO from India’s pavilion will display advanced defence technologies and along with Indian Defence
Industries like Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL), Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML) and Ordnance
Factories.
Aircrafts like Anti-Tank Guided Missiles, LCA Tejas and Arjun Main Battle Tank (MK1A) were
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showcased at ARMY-2021.
Other aircrafts include- 8x-gun with longest range of 48 kilometers, Airborne Early Warning and
Control System (AEW&C), Arjun Tank mark 1A, Surveillance Radar Rohini, Helina & Nag, Fire control
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radar, Akash missile and Carbine JVPC.
Defence Exports from India
According to the officials, Defence Exports from India has a huge potential to grow further with the efforts
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of DRDO. DRDO is a developer of most of the indigenous systems.

Aim of DRDO in ARMY-2021
DRDO showcased aircrafts in ARMY-2021 with the aim of making people aware that India can export such
defence systems. Some business deals will also be started on the basis of past exhibitions.
Contributions of DRDO
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DRDO is developing several advanced technologies and systems in the fields of missiles, Light Combat
Aircraft, Main Battle Tanks, Radars, Multi-barrel Rocket Launcher, Missile-based Air Defence System, life
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sciences related products and Naval Systems.

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
DRDO, under the Department of Defence Research & Development in Ministry of Defence, conducts research
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and development for military. It is headquartered in Delhi. DRDO was established in 1958 by merging
Technical Development Establishment, Directorate of Technical Development and Production of Indian
Ordnance Factories with Defence Science Organisation.
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August 23: International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition
International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade and its Abolition is observed on August 23, every
year. This day is observed with the aim of memorialising millions of people who were the victims of the
trans-Atlantic slave trade.
Key Points
August 23 was proclaimed by UNESCO as International Day for the Remembrance of the Slave Trade
and its Abolition. This on this day, in 1791, Santo Domingo witnessed an uprising setting in motion a

chain of events the opened ways for the abolition of trans-Atlantic slave trade.
With this commemoration, UNESCO aims to highlight the need of spreading awareness regarding
history of the slave trade in order for people to acknowledge the impact of slavery on modern world.
Background
This date was chosen by adopting the resolution 29 C/40 by the 29th session of General Conference
of UNESCO.
A Circular from Director-General dates July 29, 1998 invited Ministers of Culture to promote this day.
Significance of the day
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August 23 is significant because, during the night of August 22-August 23 in 1791, an uprising started on
the island of Saint Domingue (now Haiti). The uprising had set forth events leading to abolition of the
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transatlantic slave trade.
How this day is celebrated?
UNESCO Member States celebrate this day by organizing events and inviting participation from young
cf
people, artists, educators and intellectuals.
Slave Trade
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Slave Trade was the result of affair between imperialism and racism. During those times, racist ideology
was a basis for unjust political, social and economic practices which ultimately helped imperial powers in
building their economies. Practice of racism and prejudices continue to haunt modern world. Even today,
people of colour face discrimination because of stigmatising attitudes and perceptions.
tn
Tropical storm Henri makes landfall near Rhode Island
Tropical Storm Henri has made its landfall near western Rhode Island on August 24, 2021.
Highlights
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As per US National Hurricane Center (NHC), it made landfall with wind speed of 60 mph.
In New Jersey, about 86 people were rescued from flooded vehicles as a result of tropical storm.
Even though the storm had been downgraded from hurricane, parts of New York, Rhode Island,
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Connecticut, and southern Massachusetts were experiencing heavy rain, causing major flooding and
wind of up to 75 mph.
This is the first hurricane in 30 years to hit New England.
About Rhode Island
Rohde island is a state in New England region of the United States. With respect to area, it is the smallest
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U.S. state and the seventh-least populous state. However, it the second most densely populated state
following New Jersey. Name of the state has been taken from an island of the same name. most of the
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state lies on the mainland. It shares its borders with Connecticut in west, Massachusetts in north & east and
Atlantic Ocean in south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Island Sound. It also has a small maritime border
with New York.
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History of Rhode Island

Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations was the first among Thirteen Colonies to renounce its
allegiance to the British Crown in 1776. It was also the fourth state to ratify Articles of Confederation in
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1778.
Vice President launched ‘Vaccinate India Programme’
Vice President of India, M. Venkaiah Naidu, launched “Vaccinate India Programme” on August 24, 2021. On
the occasion, he appealed to the people to strictly follow COVID-19 norms.
Key points
This programme was organised by Give India Foundation and Sustainable Goals Coordination Centre
in Bengaluru.

It was launched under CSR in association with Planning Department of the Karnataka government.
Programme was organised at Raj Bhavan in Bengaluru.
During the programme, two women were vaccinated as a symbolic gesture.
COVID-19 vaccination in India
India started its COVID-19 vaccines programme on January 16, 2021. As of August 23, more than 588 doses
have been administered including first and second doses of recently approved vaccines. India firstly
approved the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine that was manufactured under license by Serum Institute of India
& named as Covishield as well as Covaxin that was developed locally by Bharat Biotech. These vaccines
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have now been joined by Sputnik V, Moderna vaccines, ZyCoV-D and Johnson & Johnson. India crossed the
milestone of 500 million doses on August 6, 2021 within 6 months of onset of the vaccination program.
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Johnson and Johnson Single-dose vaccine
DGCI approved emergency use of Johnson and Johnson single-dose vaccine on August 7, 2021.
Sputnik V
cf
Sputnik V is being manufactured under license by Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, with additional production from
Serum Institute of India to be started from September 2021.
ps
ZyCoV-D approval
India granted the emergency use approval for world’s first DNA based COVID-19 vaccine called ZyCoV-D on
August 20, 2021. It has been manufactured by Zydus Cadila for adults and children aged 12 years and more.
This vaccine is administered through a needle-free applicator. tn
ISRO’s ‘Announcement of Opportunity’ to analyse Chandrayaan-2 orbiter data
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has come up with an “Announcement of Opportunity’ under
which it seeks a proposal for scientifically analyse and utilise data from all experiments of the
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Chandrayaan-2 orbiter.
Highlights
This announcement of opportunity will be open to all researchers from recognised academic
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institutions, colleges, universities, planetaria and government organisations.

As per ISRO, data from Chandrayaan-1 are extensively used by Indian researchers in order to
understand lunar morphology, determination of surface age, composition of moon surface as well as
studies on possible presence of magmatic & exogenic water.
Such studies have provided enhanced views with respect to lunar evolutionary processes and
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expanded Indian lunar science community.

Data from Chandrayaan-2 orbiter payloads are made available for public and scientific proposals are
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used for scientific analysis, in order to strengthen Indian research community for lunar science
studies.
Chandrayaan-2 orbiter
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This orbiter is currently moving in a 100 km x 100 km circular polar orbit across the Moon. It carries eight
experiments such as studies ranging from surface geology and composition to exospheric measurements
that will help in building upon the understanding from past lunar missions. Data from Chandrayaan-2 orbiter
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payloads was released on December 24, 2020 for public for scientific analysis. In July 2021 another set of
data were released from payloads.
About Chandrayaan-2
It is the second lunar exploration mission by ISRO, after Chandrayaan-1. It comprises of lunar orbiter,
Vikram lander, and Pragyan lunar rover. All these equipments were developed in India. This mission was
launched with the objective of mapping and studying variations in lunar surface composition.

Amazon CEO to join White House cybersecurity meeting
Apple Inc CEO, Tim Cook and Microsoft Corp Chief Executive, Satya Nadella are set to attend White House
cybersecurity meeting.
Key Points
Amazon Inc Chief Executive, Andy Jassy will join tech executives with President Joe Biden at a White
House meeting on August 24, 2021.
In the meeting, they will discuss efforts by private companies to improve cybersecurity.
Chief executives of other large tech companies, energy companies, banks, and water utilities,
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including International Business Machines Corp, Alphabet Inc’s Google, Southern Co and JPMorgan
Chase have also been invited to attend the meeting.
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Background
U.S. President Joe Biden signed a national security memorandum in July 2021 to launch a new public-
cf
private initiative in order to create “performance controls” for cybersecurity at critical companies in America
like water treatment and electrical power plants. The announcement was made following multiple high-
profile cyberattack on American companies and government agencies in 2021.
ps
Cyberattacks
Cyberattack is an offensive act that targets computer information systems, infrastructures, computer
networks, or personal computer devices. Attacker include a person or process that attempts to access data,
functions, or other such restricted areas of system without authorization. Cyberattack can be employed by
tn
sovereign states, groups, individuals, society or organizations. It may originate from anonymous source.
Cyberattack may steal, destroy or alter a specified target by hacking the susceptible system.
Cybersecurity in US
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United States provides different tone of voice when it comes to cyberwarfare. It provides security plans
strictly against the cyberwarfare. It basically goes defensive when they are attacked by devious cyber
methods. Responsibility of cybersecurity is shared between Department of Homeland Security, Federal
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Bureau of Investigation, and Department of Defense.

Evidence of Solar-Driven Change traced on moon
A study led by scientists at Northern Arizona University has highlighted clues to help in understanding the
active lunar surface.
Highlights
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In the study, tiny iron-nanoparticles were found naturally on the Earth and have been found
everywhere on the moon.
s:
According to an article published in Geophysical Research Letters, researchers have found that solar
radiation is the more significant source of lunar iron nanoparticles than it was earlier thought.
How iron nanoparticles are formed on moon?
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Research highlight that, Asteroid impacts and solar radiation affects moon in unique ways because it
lacks protective magnetic field and atmosphere which protect people on Earth.
Asteroids as well as solar radiation break down the lunar rocks and soil, which form iron
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nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are detectable from the instruments on satellites orbiting around
the moon.
Data from NASA and JAXA
Data from NASA and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) spacecraft helps scientists to
understand how quickly iron nanoparticles form on moon over time.
How solar radiation influence moon?
Even though Iron absorbs a lot of light but very small amounts of such particles are detected from far. This

makes particles a great indicator of change on the moon. Smaller iron nanoparticles are formed at a rate
similar to radiation damage in samples that returned from Apollo Missions to the Moon.
Significance of the study
Study of the solar radiation environment and possible resources on moon is significant in the backdrop of
NASA’s plan to land the first woman and next man on the moon by 2024 under the Artemis Mission.
August 25, 2021
India overtakes US to become 2nd Most attractive Manufacturing Hub
According to real estate consultant Cushman amp, Wakefield, India has overtaken the United States (US) to
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become second-most attractive manufacturing destination internationally.
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Key Points
India’s improvement is driven mainly by cost competitiveness.
Ranking got switched due to plant relocations from China to other parts of Asia towards already
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established base in pharma, chemicals and engineering sectors.
China maintains its number one position according to 2021 Global Manufacturing Risk Index.
This index assessed the most advantageous locations for global manufacturing across 47 countries
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in Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Americas.
In the year 2020, US was at second position while India was at third.
US has slipped to third position. It is followed by Canada, Czech Republic, Indonesia, Lithuania,
Thailand, Malaysia and Poland. tn
What does it indicate?
Improvement in India’s ranking indicates that manufacturers are showing growing interest in India as a
preferred manufacturing hub as compared to other countries, including the US and countries in APAC
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region.
Why focus is towards India?
Focus is shifting towards India because of its operating conditions and cost competitiveness. Furthermore,
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India’s proven success in meeting outsourcing requirements has helped in improving the ranking year on
year.
How ranking is determined?
Rankings in the report are determined on the basis of four key parameters:
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1. Capability of country to restart manufacturing.

2. Business environment such as availability of talent or labour and access to markets.
3. Operating costs and
s:
4. Risks including the political, economic and environmental risks.

Baseline ranking of top manufacturing destinations is determined based on operating conditions and
cost-effectiveness of the country.
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What is Operation Devi Shakti?

Operation Devi Shakti name has been given by India to its operation of evacuating its citizens from war-torn
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Afghanistan.
Highlights
External affairs minister S Jaishankar called the evacuation process as ‘Operation Devi Shakti’ while
saluting the efforts of Indian Air Force and Air India.
This announcement was made after 78 people, including 25 Indian nationals, were brought to India
from Dushanbe (Tajikistan) in a special Air India flight. They were brought out of Taliban-controlled
Kabul to Dushanbe in aircraft of Indian Air Force (IAF).
Apart from them, three copies (swaroop) of the Guru Granth Sahib were also brought back.
On August 23, India evacuated 75 Sikhs from Afghanistan.
India’s evacuation process
India has been carrying out the evacuation missions in coordination with the US and other countries. India
has evacuated more than 800 people so far ever since the Taliban seized power in Afghanistan. About 200
Afghan Sikhs and Hindus are still stranded in the war-torn country and have taken shelter at the Karte
Parwan gurdwara in Kabul.
Background
The Taliban and its allied militant groups started a widespread offensive on May 1, 2021, after the
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withdrawal of most U.S. troops from Afghanistan. Taliban took over the country after capital city of Kabul
fell to Taliban resulting into collapse of Afghan government.
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Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
It is an unrecognized Islamic state that was first established in September 1996 by the Taliban. Taliban is a
Deobandi Islamist militant organization that started its governance of Afghanistan after fall of Kabul in
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1996 and stayed in power until 2001. In 2001, it was toppled by United States-led military coalition. The
Taliban has again returned to power and re-established the Islamic Emirate in 2021 and has since had de
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facto control over most of the Afghanistan.
Krivak class stealth frigates to be delivered to India in 2023
According to head of United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC) of Russia, first of two additional Krivak class
stealth frigates, which are being built by Russia, is likely to be delivered to India by 2023.
tn
Background
India and Russia had signed an Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) in October 2016 for four Krivak or
Talwar class stealth frigates. Under this agreement, two frigates were to be procured directly from Russia
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while two to be built by the Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL). Following it, a $1-billion deal was signed for the
direct purchase. In November 2018, GSL had also signed a $500 million deal with Rosoboronexport of
Russia to procure material, design and specialist assistance in order to locally manufacture the frigates.
t.m
Following this, contract was signed between Ministry of Defence and The GSL in January 2019.
Key Points
There frigates were being built to operate Indian as well as Russian equipment.
Basic structures of two frigates are ready at Yantar shipyard in Russia which will soon be completed.
The keel for first ship to be built at GSL was laid in January 2021 while for second ship in June. Keel
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laying symbolises formal commencement of the construction process.

According to Navy, first ship will be delivered in 2026.
s:
Engines to be used in ships are supplied by Zorya Nashproekt of Ukraine.

Operational frigates in India
Indian Navy currently operates six Krivak class frigates that weight about 4,000 tonnes.
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What is frigate?
Frigate is a type of warship that was built for speed and maneuverability. These could be warships that
carry their principal batteries of carriage-mounted guns on a single deck or two decks.
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Labour ministry to launch e-Sharm Portal

The labour ministry is set to launch a National Database for Unorganised Workers (NDUW) or e-Sharm portal
on August 26, 2021.
Highlights
This portal will help in bringing millions of unorganised workers in India on a common platform.
as per an estimate, 92% of India’s workforce of 500 million is unorganised. They are often deprived of
minimum wages and other forms of social security.

About e-Sharm Portal
e-Sharm portal will be a single-point reference that will help authorities to reach out to and track
workers across informal sector. It will also offer welfare in times of crisis.
NDUM will comprises of migrant workers, construction workers, gig and platform workers, domestic
workers, street vendors, agriculture workers, migrant workers and other such sub-groups of
unorganised workers.
How workers can enrol on portal?
This portal will be available in public for open access. Using the platform, workers can self-enrol using their
e
Aadhaar and mobile number. Besides, the common service centres and selected post offices will also help
in registration process, where workers can visit and register themselves at no cost.
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Background
Work on the portal for unorganised workers was fast-tracked when millions of workers had returned to their
hometowns amid nationwide lockdown in April-May 2020 because of covid-19. It had resulted in loss of jobs
cf
and livelihood for millions.
Informal Sector in India
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As per the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), 90% of the workers in India are in informal sector. It
amounts to 419 million of out of 465 million workers.
The Ashok and 7 other ITDC hotels to be monetised
Under the government’s target of monetising “under-utilized public sector assets”, ‘The Ashok’ 5-star hotel
tn
will be leased out to private operators in four years.
Key points
The Ashok and the Hotel Samrat are among eight India Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC)
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properties that Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman listed in the National Monetisation Pipeline
(NMP).
Under the monetisation plan, ITDC would divest Hotel Ranchi Ashok in Ranchi as well as Hotel
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Nilachal in Puri.
Hotel Pondicherry Ashok in Puducherry would be monetised by means of joint leasing.
O&M (Operation & Maintenance) contract model will be followed for Hotel Jammu Ashok in Jammu
and Hotel Kalinga Ashok in Bhubaneswar.
Anandpur Sahib Hotel will be privatised along with transfer of ownership.
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New Delhi’s Hotel Ashok will be monetised by means of a sub-lease, whereas, Hotel Samrat will be
given to private players under O&M agreement.
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About Indian Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC)

ITDC is a PSU under the Tourism Ministry. It runs hotels and restaurants at various places for tourists and
also provide transport facilities. Present network of ITDC comprises of:
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1. Four Ashok Group of Hotels

2. Four Joint Venture Hotels
3. Four catering outlets
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4. Seven transport units as a part of travel and tourism infrastructure

5. 14 Duty-Free Shops at Seaports,
6. One sound and light show.
Background
All the 8 hotel assets of ITDC will be considered for monetisation during financial year 2022 to 2025.
The Ashok group of hotels
These are the flagship hotel chain under ITDC, having a brand value developed in last 40-50 years. These

hotels been the centre stage for all government events that are organised by various ministries and public
sector entities.
India-Philippines conducts naval exercise in South China Sea
India and the Philippines conducted a naval exercise in the South China Sea on August 23, 2021.
Key facts
This exercise was conducted five days after conducting a similar drill with Vietnam in the region.
Indian and Vietnamese navies had conducted the naval exercise on August 18.
The South China Sea region has been witnessing growing Chinese military expansionism.
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Indian Navy had deployed its guided missile destroyer INS Ranvijay and guided missile corvette INS
Kora while the Philippine Navy has deployed its frigate BRP Antonio Luna, in the exercise.
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This joint exercise included several operational maneuvers. Participating ships were satisfied with
the consolidation of interoperability that was achieved through this operational interaction at sea.
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Objective of the exercise
This bilateral exercise was conducted with the objective of strengthening bilateral collaboration in maritime
domain in order to ensure a stable, peaceful and prosperous Indo-Pacific.
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Dispute between China and Philippines
This military drill is significant considering the fact that, the Philippines government call the eastern parts of
South China Sea as West Philippine Sea. On the other hand, China claims sovereignty over all South China
Sea as it is a huge source of hydrocarbons. tn
The South China Sea
The marginal sea in Western Pacific Ocean is bounded by the shores of South China, Indochinese Peninsula,
Islands of Taiwan, Islands of Philippines, and Borneo, eastern Sumatra and Bangka Belitung Islands. It is a
e/
region of huge economic and geostrategic importance. One-third of the world’s maritime shipping passes
through the region. It is believed that, huge oil and natural gas reserves lie beneath its seabed.
Pakistan successfully tests Fatah-1
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Pakistan conducted a successful test flight of Fatah-1 on August 24, 2021.

About Fatah-1
Fatah-1 is a Pakistan-made guided multi-launch rocket system.
It is capable of delivering conventional warheads up to a range of 140 kilometres.
This new weapons system will equip the military with the capability to strike deep into enemy territory
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Background
This was the second test of Fatah-1. Pakistan had conducted test flight of indigenously developed Fatah-1
s:
in January 2021.
Other tests by Pakistan
Pakistani army had conducted a successful test launch of Shaheen 1-A medium-range ballistic missile, in
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March 2021. It has a range of 900 kilometers. This test flight was conducted with the aim of re-validating
various design and technical parameters of the weapon system comprising of an advanced navigation
system. Pakistan army also launched the Shaheen-3, Ghaznavi, Babur cruise missile in 2021.
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About Shaheen-III
It is land-based, surface-to-surface, medium range ballistic missile of Pakistan. It was test fired on March 9,
2015 for the first time by military service. Its development started in secrecy in 2000s to respond to India’s
Agni-III. It was tested with a range of 2750 km. This enables the missile to reach all corners of India and
Middle East parts of North Africa. It is composed of solid-fuel system. This missile is the longest-range
missile that was launched by the military.

ADB report: Covid-19 pushes 80 million people in Asia into Extreme Poverty
According to a new report titled “Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021” released by Asian
Development Bank (ADB), COVID-19 pandemic has pushed an estimated 75 million to 80 million people in
developing Asia into extreme poverty as compared to what would have happened without COVID-19.
Key findings of report
According to the report, covid-19 pandemic is threatening progress of Asia and Pacific toward targets
under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Pandemic has increased inequality and extreme poverty. Extreme poverty is defined as living on less
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than 1.90 dollars per day.
Report highlights that, progress has also stalled in areas like hunger, health and education.
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As of 2017, around 203 million people (5.2 per cent) of developing Asia’s population lived in extreme
poverty. Report highlights that, without COVID-19, this number would have declined to 2.6 per cent in
cf
2020.
It highlights, economy of Asia and Pacific has grown at a robust pace in recent years. In 2019, it has
contributed about 35 per cent to global gross domestic product (GDP) in US dollars.
ps
Among the reporting economies of Asia and the Pacific, only about one in four posted GDP growth
last year.
This region has lost around 8 percent of work hours because of mobility restrictions which in turn
affects poorer households and workers of informal economy. tn
How 2030 SDGs can be achieved?
Report highlights that, in order to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, decision makers are
required to harness high-quality and timely data as guided actions in order to ensure that the recovery
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leaves no one behind, including the poor and vulnerable sections.
Ain Dubai: World's largest and tallest observation wheel
World’s largest and tallest observation wheel, called Ain Dubai, will be opened in the UAE on October 21,
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2021.
Key facts
This observation wheel will the latest addition to the long list of record-breaking attractions in Dubai.
Ain Dubai is about 42.5m taller than the London Eye. It will take visitors to the height of 250 metres in
order for them to enjoy the majestic view of Dubai’s picturesque skyline.
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It is located at Bluewaters Island, near Dubai Marina.

It can carry up to 1,400 passengers in its 48 capsules, providing views of Dubai Marina, Burj Al Arab,
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Palm Jumeirah, and Burj Khalifa.

Its base will act as an entertainment zone.
It will also comprise of an 80-metre LED screen to create an electronic platform to broadcast,
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advertise and other information.

What packages will it offer?
This observation wheel will offer dining in the sky and other exclusive celebration packages for
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corporate and event offerings.

In all, the wheel will be bringing more than 19 customisable experiences against the backdrop of
Dubai skyline.
It will offer experiences like one rotation of about 38 minutes and two rotations of about 76 minutes.
Visitors will also have the access to their private cabin that will provide full exclusivity.
It will also be providing unique celebration packages for engagements, birthdays, weddings and
business functions.

Private Cabins
Private cabins can be customised in order to get all sorts of events like intimate celebrations and cultural
festivities to treat VIP guests.
Background
This 250 m high observation wheel at Bluewaters Island was announced in February 2013. Primary design
and construction contractors were Hyundai Engineering & Construction and Starneth Engineering. Its
construction was started in May 2015.
What is Havana syndrome?
e
Havana Syndrome was first reported in diplomats who were stationed in Cuba in 2016. They experienced a
strange set of symptoms that prompted a series of government and scientific investigations. Some officials
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called it anomalous health incidents while some called attacks. Most recent cases were reported in Asia in
2018 and in central Europe in 2021.
cf
What is Havana Syndrome?
This syndrome is a series of unexplained medical symptoms that were first experienced by U.S. State
Department personnel who were based in Cuba in 2016. State department also reported such cases in 2018
ps
in China.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms associated with the syndrome includes headache, dizziness, fatigue, anxiety, nausea, cognitive
difficulties and memory loss of varying severity. tn
What causes the syndrome?
Initially, it was believed that the syndrome is the result of an attack by a sonic or acoustic weapon. But later
a comprehensive analysis by a U.S. scientific panel pointed that exposure to a type of directed energy is the
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main culprit. A different medical assessment conducted in 2018 noted that exposure to microwaves is the
main cause.
U.S. government reaction
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Former President Donald Trump had directly blamed Cuba for initial wave of the syndrome. However,
Havana denied this accusation. Now, State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency have
established an internal task force to investigate the matter. Helping American Victims Afflicted by
Neurological Attacks (HAVANA) Act was also passed unanimously in Congress. It will authorize additional
medical and financial support to the intelligence officers and diplomats affected by the bill. Bill has also
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been introduced in the House.

India's exports to ASEAN to be at $46 billion in FY22
s:
According to Union Minister of State for Commerce and Industry, Anupriya Patel, India is likely to export
USD 46 billion to ASEAN in financial year 2022.
Highlights
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India-ASEAN Engineering Partnership Summit was inaugurated on August 23, 2021.

It was organised by the Engineering Exports Promotion Council (EEPC) in association with the
Ministry of External Affairs and Department of Commerce.
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While addressing the inaugural session, the minister noted that, ASEAN is one among the largest
destinations for Indian exports and will act as an important region for India in meeting the global
export target of USD 400 billion for the financial year 2021-22.
An E-Book on India-ASEAN trade and investment was also launched that emphasizes on the
engineering and MSME sector.
Year 2021 marks the 25th anniversary of India-ASEAN dialogue partnership and 10 years of the
Strategic Partnership.

What are the favouring conditions?
India and ASEAN have large share of skilled population, robust service as well as manufacturing sectors.
They also have several complementary sectors and products that can help in greater cooperation. Both
India and ASEAN have a combined economy of around USD 5.8 trillion. Thus, there is significant potential to
enhance trade and investment partnership.
Background
For the fiscal year 2021-22, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has set a target of USD 400 billion of
merchandise exports. He has also envisioned a roadmap to achieve this target. Under the Atmanirbhar
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Bharat Abhiyaan, Central government recently approved a USD 26 billion Production-Linked Incentive (PLI)
Scheme. It covers 13 sectors like pharmaceuticals, electronics, solar modules, automobiles, speciality steel,
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and medical devices to attract investment and enhance India’s manufacturing capabilities.
Cabinet approves highest ever FRP for Sugarcane
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Union cabinet has approved the highest ever fair & remunerative price (FRP) for sugarcane farmers on
August 25, 2021.
Key Points
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FRP for sugarcane has been increased to Rs 290 per quintal for 2021-22. This price will be based on
10% recovery.
If recovery is less than 9.5%, then farmers will be given a FRP of Rs 275 per quintile.
This approval is the highest ever FRP and is going to benefit 5 crore sugarcane farmers & their
tn
dependents.
It will also benefit 5 lakh workers who are employed in sugar mills and related ancillary activities.
FRP has been increased for marketing year October-September.
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Ethanol Blending
Use of ethanol is increasing fast in the recent years. Currently, 7.5-8% ethanol is blended into petrol.
Percentage of ethanol blended in petrol is likely to increase over 20% in next 2-3 years.
t.m
What is Fair and remunerative price (FRP)?

FRP is the minimum price at which sugarcane is purchased by sugar mills from farmers. This price is fixed
by Union government based on the recommendations of Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices
(CACP). It is determined under Sugarcane (Control) Order, 1966. FRP is determined by considering various
factors like cost of production, domestic & international prices, demand-supply situation, inter-crop price
//
parity etc.
Significance of the FRP
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FRP provides margins to farmers irrespective of the facts that sugar mills are generating a profit or not.
This price is applicable across the country uniformly. However, some states namely Haryana, Punjab, UP,
Uttarakhand, and TN announce a State Advised Price, which is usually higher than the FRP.
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WHO Chief Scientist: India may be entering endemic stage of COVID

According to Chief Scientist of the World Health Organisation (WHO), Dr. Soumya Swaminathan, COVID-19
in India may be entering the stage of endemicity where low or moderate level of transmission will go on.
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Highlights
On the clearance of India’s homegrown COVID-19 vaccine ‘COVAXIN’, she was confident that the technical
team of WHO will be satisfied to give clearance to be its authorized vaccines.
How India is entering to endemic stage?
Chief Scientist noted that, due to size, heterogeneity of population and immunity status across the country,
it is feasible that this situation in India may continue with ups and downs in various parts of India. India may
be entering the stage of endemicity where moderate or low level of transmission will continue to happen

however, no exponential growth or peaks will be there.
COVID-19 among children
On the issue of prevalence of COVID-19 among children, she notes that, according to Sero Survey, it is
possible that children can get infected and transmit. But they will be having mild illness most of the time.
Very small percentage will get sick & inflammatory complications and few will die. But the number will be
much less than the adult population.
Can drugs be used for COVID-19 treatment?
On the topic of using drugs like HCQ, Remdesivir or Ivermectin, she notes that, as of now there are no
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evidence of role of Ivermectin or HCQ in reducing mortality or morbidity in people infected with the
COVID-19 virus. These drugs also have no role in preventing the infection.
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August 26, 2021
PM Modi Chaired 37th PRAGATI Meeting
cf
Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired the meeting of 37th edition of PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and
Timely Implementation) on August 25, 2021.
Key Points
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During the meeting, nine agenda items comprising of eight projects and one scheme were taken for
review.
PRAGATI meeting is held once every month on Fourth Wednesday at 3.30 PM. The day is dubbed as
PRAGATI Day. tn
What is PRAGATI?
It is a platform, enabling the Prime Minister to discuss issues with concerned Central and State officials
with full information and visuals of ground-level situation. This platform was launched in 2015. It has been
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designed by the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) team in collaboration with National Informatics Center (NIC).
Platform is a three-tier system namely PMO, Union Government Secretaries and Chief Secretaries of States.
Objectives of PRAGATI
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Three objectives of PRAGATI are:

1. Grievance Redressal
2. Programme Implementation
3. Project Monitoring
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Technology used in PRAGATI

PRAGATI platform bundles three latest technologies viz., Digital data management, geo-spatial technology
and video-conferencing.
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Significance of the portal

The portal promotes cooperative federalism because it brings the Secretaries of Government of India and
the Chief Secretaries of the States on one platform. It is a robust system that brings e-transparency and e-
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accountability by real-time presence and exchange among the stakeholders.

Issues with the portal
Portal provides for direct interaction of the PM with state secretaries without involving political executives
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of the states. Thus, it is undermining the State political executive. Furthermore, portal is leading to a
concentration of power in the extra-constitutional office of PMO.
Ajit Doval hosted inaugural meeting of IBSA NSAs
National Security Adviser, Ajit Doval, hosted the inaugural meeting of IBSA National Security Advisers
(NSAs) on August 25, 2021 through video conferencing.
Highlights
In the meeting, IBSA NSAs discussed issues like maritime security, fight against terrorism &
transnational organized crime, and cyber security.
They agreed on the fact that terrorism specially the cross-border terrorism has undertaken through
state sponsorship. It continues to be the most potent threat for global peace and security. Thus, it
must be fought with the united efforts.
They also agreed upon enhancing cooperation in the fields of intelligence sharing, exchange of best
practices amongst national agencies and capacity building.
It was the first such meeting of National Security Advisers of IBSA countries that reflects importance
of closer cooperation among IBSA countries.
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Background
The meeting was held as part of preparatory process for next IBSA Summit of Leaders. It is scheduled to be
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held under India’s Chair ship of IBSA.
Theme of IBSA meeting under India’s Chaiship
Theme of IBSA meeting under India’s Chairship is “Democracy for Demography and Development”.
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About IBSA
The IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa) Dialogue Forum is an international tripartite group that promotes
ps
international cooperation among member countries. It represents three important poles to galvanize South-
South cooperation as well as greater understanding between three important continents namely, Africa,
Asia and South America. The forum provides a platform to member countries in order to held discussions in
the field of agriculture, culture, trade, and defence. tn
Samarth Scheme: 1,500 artisans benefitted by training
According to the Textiles Ministry, that more than 1,500 artisans have been benefitted by training in 63
Samarth Training Centres.
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Highlights
Textile Ministry has adopted about 65 clusters for overall development of artisans in a timely manner.
Ministry achieve this by ensuring self-sustainment of artisans across these clusters.
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Upskilling of the handicraft artisans are being done by providing technical and soft skill trainings
under SAMARTH scheme. It also brings about sustainable livelihood.
About Samarth Scheme
Textile ministry launched a “Scheme for Capacity Building in Textile Sector (SCBTS)” in 2017 in order to fill
the skill gap in textile industry. Scheme was approved for entire value chain of textile industry except
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weaving and spinning in organised sector. SCBTS scheme is currently known as Samarth scheme. It was
launched with an outlay of Rs.1,300 crore for three years (2017-18 to 2019-20).
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Objectives of Samarth Scheme

This scheme was launched with the understated objectives:
To provide demand-driven, placement oriented “National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF)
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compliant skilling programmes” in order to create employment in textile and allied sectors.
To promote skill up-gradation as well as skilling in traditional sectors of handicrafts, handlooms,
sericulture, and jute.
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To enable a sustainable livelihood by means of self-employment or wage employment for every

section of the society in India.
Implementing Agencies
Implementing agencies for the scheme include:
1. Textile industry.
2. Institutions or organisation of Ministry of Textiles or State Governments which are having placement
tie-ups and training infrastructure with the ministry.

3. Reputed training institutions, NGOs, societies, organisations, companies, trusts, start-ups and
entrepreneurs which are active in the textile field.
SUJALAM campaign launched by Jal Shakti Ministry
Ministry of Jal Shakti started the SUJALAM campaign on August 25, 2021.
What is SUJALAM?
SUJALAM Campaign is a 100 days campaign launched as a part of the Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
celebrations.
This campaign seeks to create more ODF Plus villages by undertaking waste water management
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across villages in India.
During the campaign, ten lakh Soak-pits will be created.
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Efforts under the campaign would be directed towards achieving the ODF plus status for villages in an
accelerated manner.
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Significance of the campaign
According to the ministry, this campaign will be significant in management of the wastewater. It will boost
the objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin phase -2 activities by means of community participation. It
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will also increase awareness regarding ODF-plus activities.
Focus of the campaign
This scheme was launched with is focus on ensuring that all newly emerging Households across the village
have access to toilets. tn
What is ODF+ and ODF++?
It was launched in 2018 with the objective of scaling up and sustaining the work undertaken by the cities
after they achieved Open Defecation Free (ODF) status under Phase I of the Swachh Bharat Mission — Urban
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(SBM-Urban) scheme.
Which cities are eligible to get this status?
Cities that have attained ODF status at least once, are eligible to declare themselves as SBM-ODF+ and
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SBM-ODF++.
Aim of the status
These statuses are provided with the aim of properly maintaining toilet facilities and safe collection &
treatment or disposal of all faecal sludge and sewage. Primary focus of ODF+ is on toilets with water,
maintenance and hygiene. While, ODF++ mainly focuses on toilets with sludge and septage management.
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5th edition of Indo-Kazakhstan Joint Training Exercise

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5 edition of Indo-Kazakhstan Joint Training Exercise called KAZIND-21 is to be conducted from August 30
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to September 11, 2021.

Key points
This joint training exercise will be conducted as a part of military diplomacy.
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It seeks to strengthen the growing strategic relation with Kazakhstan.

Training exercise will be conducted at Aisha Bibi in Kazakhstan.
Significance of the exercise
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Joint training exercise will help in boosting bilateral relations between India and Kazakhstan.
It will also provide an opportunity for the Armed Forces of India Kazakhstan to train for Counter
Insurgency Counter-Terrorism operations across mountainous and rural scenarios in accordance with
the United Nations mandate.
It will further help in strengthening mutual confidence, inter-operability and enable sharing of best
practices between armies of both the country.

Background
4th edition of the KAZIND-2019 was held between India and Kazakhstan in Uttarakhand in 2019. It is an
annual event but the 5th edition will be conducted after a gap of one year amid covid-19 pandemic.
About KAZIND exercise
This military exercise is conducted alternatively in Kazakhstan and India. During the exercise, armies of
both countries share their experience that they have gained while conducting several counter-insurgency
and counter-terrorism operations. It also involves the aspects of emerging trends of hybrid warfare.
What is Hybrid Warfare?
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It refers to the use of unconventional methods under the multi-domain warfighting approach with the aim of
disrupting and disabling actions of opponents without engaging in open hostilities. For instance, Russia’s
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approach to Ukraine is a form of hybrid warfare that involved s combination of activities such as economic
manipulation, disinformation, use of proxies and insurgencies etc.
India’s first mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine
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The Drugs Controller General of India (DGCI) gave nod for Phase-2 and Phase-3 trails of India’s first mRNA-
based COVID-19 vaccine.
ps
Highlights
First mRNA-based covid-19 vaccine, called HGCO19, is being developed by a Pune-based
biotechnology company, Genova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd.
The company submitted its interim clinical data for Phase I study to the Central Drugs Standard
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Control Organisation (CDSCO) to get the further approval.
According to the Ministry of Science and Technology, interim Phase- I data suggests that HGCO19
vaccine is safe, tolerable, and immunogenic.
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About HGCO19
India’s first mRNA vaccine candidate, HGCO19 has been developed by Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. in
collaboration with HDT Biotech Corporation of USA. Vaccine has demonstrated safety, immunogenicity,
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neutralization antibody activities among rodent and non-human primate models. It has successfully
conducted the phase one trial and will undergo phase 2 and phase 3 trials.
What is mRNA Vaccine?
m-RNA Vaccines work by training the body in order to recognise and respond to the proteins that are
produced by disease-causing organisms like virus or bacteria. mRNA vaccines trick the body to produce
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viral proteins itself. They work by using messenger RNA (m-RNA) which is the molecule that puts DNA
instructions into action. mRNA is used as a template to build protein inside a cell.
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How is it different from traditional vaccine?

Traditional vaccines are made up of small or inactivated doses of disease-causing organism, or proteins
produced by it. These inactivated organisms are introduced into the body in order to boost the immune
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system so that it responds against the disease-causing organisms.

NERDSD Goal Index Report & Dashboard to be launched
NITI Aayog and Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER) will launch the first edition of the
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North Eastern Region District Sustainable Development (NERDSD) Goal Index Report and Dashboard
2021-22 on the August 26, 2021.
Key facts
This will be first of its kind region-wide district SDG index in India.
Launch of NERDSD goal index report is also a milestone in the efforts towards localising Sustainable
Development Goals across 120 Districts of the north-eastern states of India namely Assam,
Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Nagaland and Tripura.

This index has been prepared by collaborative efforts of NITI Aayog and DoNER Ministry.
It has been prepared on the basis of NITI Aayog’s SDG India Index.
What is the purpose of this index?
The index will be launched in order to facilitate a platform to identify crucial gaps and inform interventions
in order to fast track progress towards achieving the SDGs. It will measure the performance of the districts
across eight States.
Who will provide the technical support?
Technical Support for the index and dashboard will be provided by United Nation Development Programme.
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United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
It is the global development network of United Nations that promotes technical and investment cooperation
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in nations. It connects countries to knowledge, experience and resources in order to help people in building
a better life for themselves. It is funded entirely through voluntary contributions from UN member states. It
is operating across 177 countries to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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World Bank stops funding of projects in Afghanistan
World Bank has stopped funding for projects in Afghanistan after the Taliban seized control in the country.
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Key facts
World Bank also raised concerns over how the Taliban offensive will affect development prospects in
Afghanistan, especially with respect to women.
Recently, IMF also announced that Afghanistan will no longer be able to access resources from global
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lenders.
United States has also frozen assets of Afghanistan’s central bank that are held in the country and it
will not be made available for Taliban. Da Afghanistan Bank comprises of reserves of about 9bn US
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Dollars and most of it are held in the US.
Background
World Bank had committed for more than 5.3 billon US Dollars since 2002 for the reconstruction and
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developmental projects in Afghanistan.

2021 Taliban offensive
Taliban Offensive 2021 was the final major offensive by the Taliban against the Islamic Republic of
Afghanistan. It started on May 1, 2021 following the withdrawal of United States forces. It resulted in de
facto takeover of Afghanistan and reinstatement of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
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Background
In the initial three months of the offensive, Taliban made significant advances and increased the number of
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districts under its controlled from 73 to 223. Taliban launched an assault on the provincial capitals of
Afghanistan on August 6. Most of the towns surrendered without a fight. It captured all Afghan provincial
capitals except Bazarak. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan’s government fell on August 15 as the incumbent
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President, Ashraf Ghani fled the country and Taliban captured Kabul.
UNICEF report: Covid-19 vaccinations fell by 80% in Afghanistan
According to UNICEF report, Covid-19 vaccinations have reduced by 80% in Afghanistan within the first
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week of Taliban’s control in the country.

Key Points
As per UNICEF, about two million doses of the Johnson & Johnson vaccines were delivered to
Afghanistan. Half of the vaccines will expire in November.
About 30,500 people had been vaccinated in 23 of 34 provinces in between 15 to 21 Before August
15, 134,600 people were vaccinated in 30 provinces.
According to World Health Organisation (WHO) data, only 1.2 million doses had been administered as

of August 20 in Afghanistan, that has a population of 40 million.
COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan
Coronavirus was first confirmed to have spread in Afghanistan when index case was confirmed on February
24, 2020 in Herat. There have been 139,051 confirmed positive cases as of July 16, 2021. 671,455 tests
have been conducted for the same period. Kabul Province has the highest number of cases at 18,896. It is
followed by Herat with 9,343 cases and Balkh with 3,431 cases. But according to a survey by Ministry of
Public Health, approximately a third of the population (10 million people) had contracted the disease.
About Afghanistan
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It is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and South Asia. It shares its border with
Pakistan in the east & south, Iran in west, Turkmenistan & Uzbekistan in north, and Tajikistan & China in
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northeast. As of 2020, country is inhabited by 31.4 million people. Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras, and Uzbeks
are the common ethnic people in the country. It is a member of United Nations, Organisation of Islamic
Cooperation, Group of 77, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, Economic Cooperation
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Organization, as well as Non-Aligned Movement.
Challenges in Afghanistan
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Country faces the challenges of poverty, child malnutrition, corruption and terrorism.
Cabinet approved Rs 15,000 Crore NMP-linked FDI Proposal
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved a foreign direct investment (FDI) proposal on August
25, 2021 to invest up to Rs 15,000 crore in Anchorage Infrastructure Investment Holding (AIIH) Ltd.
tn
Key Facts
Anchorage Infrastructure Investment Holding is a firm that incorporated to invest in infrastructure
and construction development sectors of India.
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This investment will be a significant boost for the National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) because AIIH
had proposed the downstream investments across sectors that covered under the NMP.
It also includes investments in leasing out several state-owned infrastructure assets such as
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railways, roads, airports, sports stadiums, gas pipelines and power transmission lines to private
operators.
Investment proposal also comprises of transfer of shares of Bangalore International Airport Limited
to Anchorage as well as an investment of Rs 950 crore in AIIH.
It will also generate direct employment because the sector in which AIIH is proposing to make
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downstream investments are capital as well as employment intensive sector. It will also generate
indirect employment during construction and ancillary activities.
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Boost to infrastructure sector

AIIH investment will also boot infrastructure and construction sector as well as Airport sector. It will
substantiate government’s plan to develop world class Airport and transport related infrastructure by
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engaging private sectors.

About National Monetisation Pipeline
Finance Minister, Nirmala Sitharaman launched the National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP). NMP was
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launched on August 23, 2021 in order to generate Rs 6-lakh crore in between 2021-22 and 2024-25 as well
to create new or brownfield assets. Scheme was announced in budget 2021-2022.
LIC launched Mobile App for agents
Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) launched a mobile app called “Ananda mobile app” for its agents
and intermediaries in order to onboard the prospective customers.
Key facts
ANANDA stands for Atma Nirbhar Agents New Business Digital Application.

ANANDA is the paperless solution for new business processes.
This digital application will help in onboarding process to get insurance policy by a paperless module
with the help of agent or intermediary.
The app comprises of all distinctive features of the digital app.
App could be developed as a result of high-level usage of ANANDA module.
It was built on paperless KYC process by using Aadhaar based e-authentication.
It provides an easy access to the field force in reaching out the prospective customers by means of
latest technology.
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Features of ANANDA App
Key features of the app are:
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It was launched for LIC Agent only.
It will be used for New LIC Policy registration.
Though this app, only non-medical cases can be passed.
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No Child and ULIP Policy is allowed on it.
No monthly mode (NACH) LIC policy can be issued.
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Maximum SA has been limited to Rs15 Lakh Only.
Maximum Premium has been limited to Rs 1 lakh.
Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)
LIC is the statutory insurance and investment corporation of India, under the Ministry of Finance. It was
tn
established on September 1, 1956 by the Life Insurance of India Act. This act nationalized the insurance
industries in India. It had total life fund of Rs 28.3 trillion, as of 2019. During 2018-19, it settled 26 million
claims. It currently has 290 million policyholders.
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Maharashtra govt launched Special Programme for Widows
Maharashtra government launched a special mission called “Mission Vatsalya” in order to help women who
lost their husbands to COVID-19.
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Highlights
Mission Vatsalya will provide several services and some 18 benefits under one roof to those women.
It been designed for widows, with special focus on widows coming from rural areas, poor
backgrounds and deprived sections.
Under this mission, schemes like Sanjay Gandhi Niradhar Yojana and Gharkul Yojana will benefit
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those for women.

Number of beneficiaries
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Amid the covid-19 pandemic, about 15,095 women lost their husbands in last 18 months. District Task
Force has listed 14,661 such women in order to provide them benefits of the scheme.
Who is the nodal department to provide benefits?
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This mission is being implemented by women and child development (WCD) Department. Officers from
WCD department, child development project officers, Anganwadi workers and local unit officers are visiting
homes these women to provide them services. As of now, WCD department has reached out to 10,500
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women.
Covid-19 cases in Maharashtra
Maharashtra witnessed some 4,355 new coronavirus cases and 119 fatalities on August 24, 2021. As of
August 24, infection tally stands at 64,32,649 and while total reported death at 1,36,355.
Sanjay Gandhi Niradhar Yojana
This scheme was launched with the aim of providing financial assistance to destitute persons, disabled,
blind, divorced women, women freed from prostitution, orphan children, persons suffering from major

illnesses, Transgender, etc. Each Beneficiary gets Rs 600 per month while the family with more than one
beneficiary gets Rs 900 per month. This benefit will be given to beneficiary till their children turns 25 years
old or when they get employed.
Ministry of civil aviation notified Liberalized Drone Rules 2021
Union ministry of civil aviation (MoCA) notified the liberalized Drone Rules, 2021, on August 26, 2021.
About Liberalized Drone Rules, 2021
These liberalized rules will replace the unmanned aircraft system (UAS) Rules 2021, which was
released on March 12, 2021.
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As per the rules, following approvals have been abolished:
1. Approval for unique authorization number,
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2. Approval for unique prototype identification number,
3. Approval for certificate of manufacturing and airworthiness,
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4. Approval for certificate of conformance, certificate of maintenance as well as import clearance,
5. Approval for acceptance of existing drones, operator permit, and authorization of R&D organization
6. Approval for student remote pilot licence and remote pilot instructor authorization
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7. Approval for drone port authorization, etc.
New rules also reduced the number of forms, from 25 to 5 and types of fees also reduced from 72 to
4. Fee for a remote pilot licence has been reduced from rupees 3,000 to ₹100 for all categories of
drones. It will e valid for 10 years. tn
It also comprises of safety features like real-time tracking beacon, and geo-fencing.
A Digital sky platform will be developed as a user-friendly single-window system. There will be
minimal interference by human, because most permissions will be self-generated.
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Digital sky platform
It is an initiative by MoCA, that seeks to provide a secure and a scalable platform in order to support the
drone technology frameworks like ‘No permission, no take-off’. It has been designed to enable flight
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permission digitally and manage unmanned aircraft operations & traffic in an efficient manner.
August 27, 2021
Mansukh Mandaviya takes charge as Chairperson of Stop TB Partnership Board
Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare, Shri Mansukh Mandaviya, took charge as the Chairperson of
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Stop TB Partnership Board on August 26, 2021.

Key Points
He will hold the responsibility with immediate effect and hold the position until 2024.
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He will now lead the efforts of Stop TB Partnership Secretariat, partners, and TB community in order
to reach towards reaching United Nations TB targets by 2022. Thus, it is a milestone moment in the
effort of ending TB by 2030.
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Stop TB Partnership
This partnership was established in the year 2000 in a bid to eliminate tuberculosis (TB) as a public health
ht
problem. It comprises of 1500 partner organizations including international organizations, nongovernmental

& governmental organizations as well as patient groups. Its secretariat is located in Geneva, Switzerland. It
is administered by UNOPS since 2015. Earlier, it was hosted by the World Health Organization.
Background
Stop TB Initiative was established after the meeting of the First Session of Ad Hoc Committee on
Tuberculosis Epidemic. It was held in London in March 1998.
Amsterdam Declaration
Stop TB Partnership came up with the Amsterdam Declaration in March 2000 in order to Stop TB. The
declaration called for action from ministerial delegations of 20 countries, having the highest burden of TB.
In 2000 itself, World Health Assembly endorsed for the establishment of a Global Partnership to Stop TB.
Global Plan 2016-2020
It is a 5-year investment plan, representing the roadmap of accelerating impact on TB epidemic in order to
meet the targets of WHO End TB Strategy. It is the 4th Global Plan since the establishment of Stop TB
Partnership in 2000. This plan aims to end TB and do away the limited approach which only aims to control
the diseases.
New voters to get Personalised Letter from EC
e
The Election Commission launched a new initiative on August 26, 2021 in order to reach out to new voters
by sending them a personalised letter along with voter identity card.
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Key Points
Initiative was launched by Chief Election Commissioner Sushil Chandra and Election Commissioner
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Rajiv Kumar.
Under the new initiative, a package would be sent to new voters which will include a voter guide for
new voters along with a congratulatory letter besides a pledge for ethical voting.
ps
This initiative was launched during a two-day Systematic Voters’ Education and Electoral
Participation (SVEEP) consultation workshop.
SVEEP consultation workshop
This workshop was organised with the agenda of reviewing state SVEEP plans and conduct extensive
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deliberations on important aspects of SVEEP in order to prepare a comprehensive strategy for forthcoming
assembly elections. It was a two-day consultation workshop and was attended by chief electoral officers
and SVEEP nodal officers from Punjab, Goa, Uttarakhand, Manipur and Uttar Pradesh which elections will be
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held in 2022. With the objective of broadening the idea and knowledge exchange, senior officers from
Ministry of Information and Broadcasting also attended the workshop.
Systematic Voters’ Education and Electoral Participation programme
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It is the flagship programme of Election Commission. It is organised for spreading voter education &
awareness and promoting voter literacy in India.
Election Commission of India (ECI)
ECI is a permanent and independent body was, established in 1950 by the Constitution of India directly. It
was established in order to ensure free and fair elections. ECI gets power to superintendent, direct, and
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control the elections to parliament, state legislatures, office of the president of India as well as office of
vice-president of India under Article 324.
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Stockholm World Water Week 2021

Stockholm World Water Week (SWWW) was held online from August 23 to 27, 2021 by the Stockholm
International Water Institute (SIWI).
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Key Points
Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) was the only civic body from India that was invited at the panel
discussion on the topic “Zero Liquid Discharge Cities”.
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According to City municipal commissioner, Banchhanidhi Pani, by 2030 city would be able to reusing
100% of sewage water after treatment.
Theme of the SWWW 2021
The Stockholm World Water Week was held under the theme: ‘Building Resilience Faster’.
Why only SMC was invited?
Only SMC was invited to discuss at SWWW because, Surat’s achievement in treating sewage water and
reusing it has been recognized by world’s top institute in water governance. Surat treats about 1,400 MLD

sewage water out of which 320 MLD (33%) is reused.
About World Water Week
WWW is a leading annual event that is organised to held discussions on global water issues. It is organized
by SIWI since 1991. The weeklong event is attended by some 4,000 participants from 135 countries.
How WWW is held?
Under the WWW, many sessions are convened by leading international organizations on different
topics related to water, ranging from food security & health to energy, agriculture, biodiversity, and
climate crisis.
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It also includes prestigious international competition called ‘Stockholm Junior Water Prize’ and award
ceremony for Stockholm Water Prize.
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Water+ city
Surat city was recently awarded a ‘Water+ certification’ under the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM). It was the
first city from Gujarat to get recognition. It was awarded by the ministry of housing and urban Affairs
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(MoHUA) in the field of adopting best practices in waste water management.
NITI Aayog-Cisco launch next phase of WEP
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The NITI Aayog and a US-based tech giant, Cisco launched the next phase of the Women Entrepreneurship
Platform (WEP) on August 26, 2021.
Highlights
This phase of the WEP has been titled as ‘WEPNxt’. tn
It will leverage technology from Cisco and experience working with India’s start-up ecosystem in
order to enable more women-owned businesses in India.
Cisco, in collaboration with Sattva Consulting, Nasscom Foundation, and DeAsra Foundation, will
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enable technology-led experiences and engagements in a bid to address the challenges that women
entrepreneurs face at individual as well as enterprise levels.
Women-owned businesses in India
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According to the Sixth Economic Census, women only comprise of 13.76 per cent of the total entrepreneurs,
amounting to 8.05 million out of total 58.5 million entrepreneurs in India.
How WEPNxt will help women entrepreneurs?
WEP Nxt will catalyse women entrepreneur movement. This technology platform will soon become a
personalised guide for every woman entrepreneur in India and help them to realise her dreams. It is a
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significant step to augment these efforts. It will be driven by evidence-based decision making on the basis
of focused study of Indian women entrepreneurs and their urgent needs across following factors:
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1. Community and networking,

2. Skilling and mentorship,
3. Incubation and acceleration programs,
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4. Financial, compliance, and marketing assistance.

About Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP)
WEP is a first of its kind unified access portal. It brings women from different parts of India together and
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help them to realise their entrepreneurial aspirations. Platform was launched by the NITI Aayog in 2017. It
brings together women from diverse backgrounds and provides them access to multiple resources, support,
and learning.
INDIAsize Survey- Key Facts
Ministry of Textile and National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) launched an India size survey, in
order to do away with the confusion of size. It has been titled as INDIAsize. The survey was officially
launched on August 26, 2021.

Key Points
This initiative was launched with the aim of introducing a new standardised size chart in ready-to-
wear clothing sector in India.
This project was announced in February 2019. However, it got delayed because of covid-19
pandemic.
New sizing chart will comprise of a size identification number. It will be created by mapping,
categorising and defining the body size and type.
At present, only 18 countries have their own sizing charts.
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Textile sector of India
The textile sector in India is the second largest employer. It generates about Rs 140 billion, out of which Rs
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100 billion is from Indian consumers alone while Rs 40 billion is from export.
About the India size survey
With INDIAsize, surveys are being conducted across six states namely Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai,
cf
Shillong and Kolkata. Survey in Delhi is currently underway with the aim of reaching to about 5,700
participants. In the survey, 100 anthropometric data points are being used from each of the participants.
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Participants have been selected from different age groups, income brackets and varied ethnicities.
Anthropometric data
Team is using a 3D whole body scanner technology to gather anthropometric data from participants. All the
international protocols of national sizing survey are being used.tn
Fibre-to-fashion initiative
INDIAsize survey is part of “fibre-to-fashion” initiative by the Ministry of Textiles.
Finance Minister launches EASE 4.0
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Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs, Nirmala Sitharaman, launched the fourth edition of Public
Sector Bank (PSB) Reforms Agenda called ‘EASE 4.0’ for the financial year 2021-22.
Key Facts
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It is a simplified, tech-enabled and collaborative banking.

On the occasion, finance minister launched the annual report for PSB Reforms Agenda EASE 3.0 for
the year 2020-21 and also witnessed the awards ceremony to felicitate the best performing banks on
EASE 3.0 Banking Reforms Index.
Best performing banks on EASE 3.0
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SBI, Bank of Baroda (BoB), and Union Bank of India (UBI) won the awards for best performing banks
on the basis of EASE index.
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Indian Bank won the award for best improvement from baseline performance.
SBI, BoB, UBI, Punjab National Bank and Canara Bank also won the top awards across different
themes of PSB Reforms Agenda EASE 3.0.
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Reforms under EASE 4.0

EASE 4.0 reforms look after four key initiatives to be adopted by public sector banks:
1. Smart lending backed by analytics
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2. 24×7 banking with resilient technology & cloud-based IT systems

3. data enabled agriculture financing and
4. Collaboration with the financial ecosystem.
How PSB will enable smart lending?
In order to enable the smart lending under EASE 4.0, PSBs are required to design and improve performance
of loan initiation processes by simplifying it on the basis of standard operating procedures and time-bound
actions. They are also required to introduce end-to-end digitised loans for new customers. They will have to

broaden customer base and increase credit off-take by means of analytics and technology-driven credit
offers.
NITI Aayog- WRI launched Forum for Decarbonising Transport
NITI Aayog and World Resources Institute (WRI) of India together launched the ‘Forum for Decarbonizing
Transport’ in India on August 23, 2021.
Key points
This forum was launched virtually as part of NDC-Transport Initiative for Asia (NDC-TIA) project.
It aims to decrease the peak level of Greenhouse Gas emissions (transport sector) in Asia which is
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rising because of problems like air pollution and congestion.
It was launched in line with below 2-degree pathway.
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CO2 emission in India
India comprises of a massive and diverse transport sector. It is is also the third most CO2 emitting sector.
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According to data of IEA 2020 and Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change 2018, within the
transport sector, road transport contributes more than 90% of the total CO2 emissions.
Steps taken by GOI
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Government of India is working for decarbonisation of road transport sector with the help of various policy
and initiatives. Primary focus of the government is on adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in India. NITI
Aayog has been promoting EVs and sustainable mobility with the help of National Mission on
Transformative Mobility & Battery Storage. tn
How EVs can be streamlined in India?
In order to leverage and streamline EVs across India, there is a need is to create a favourable ecosystem for
stakeholders including Central & state Governments, financial institutions, state-designated agencies,
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OEMs, businesses, research & technical institutes and private bodies. These stakeholders should
coordinate with each other to enable investment, ensure fair adoption in industry and encourage adoption.
Thus, this forum was launched for NITI aayog & WRI to work in close coordination with the stakeholders in
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order to formulate strategies and develop appropriate business models to boost electric mobility across
India.
“Shared Destiny-2021” Defence Exercise
Militaries of China, Mongolia, Thailand and Pakistan are set to take part in a multinational peacekeeping
exercise called “Shared Destiny-2021”.
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Key Points
It will be organised by the People’s Liberation Army at the combined-arms tactical training base in
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central Henan province of China from September 6 to 15, 2021.

This is the first multinational peacekeeping live exercise, involving four nations.
All the participating countries will dispatch about 1,000 troops to be the part of drills. 1000 troops will
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involve units of infantry, security, fast response, engineering, helicopter, transportation and medical
service.
Exercise will be held in close-to-real battlefield environment that will be set in accordance with
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international, professional and realistic combat standards.

Exercise to be conducted under Shared Destiny
In the peacekeeping exercise, battlefield environment will be created by conducting drills of battlefield
reconnaissance, security guarding & patrol, protection of civilians, protection to armed escort, response to
violent & terrorist attacks, construction of temporary operation base and battlefield first aid & pandemic
control for responding to UN’s Action for Peacekeeping initiative.

Henan Province
Henan is a landlocked province of China and often referred as Zhongyuan or Zhongzhou. Henan province is
the birthplace of Chinese civilization, comprising of over 3,000 years of recorded history. It remained
cultural, economic and political centre of China until approximately 1,000 years ago. City is home to several
heritage sites which have been left behind such as ruins of Shang dynasty capital city Yin and Shaolin
Temple. It is the 5th-largest provincial economy and largest inland province in China.
Algeria cuts Diplomatic Ties with Morocco
Algeria has cut its diplomatic ties with Morocco due to hostile actions after months of resurgent tensions
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between both the countries.
Highlights
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Both the countries have been accusing one another of supporting opposition movements as proxies.
Algeria has been supporting separatists in the Western Sahara region. This is the main bone of
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contention for Morocco.
Background
Rivalry between Algeria and Morocco took a new twist in 2020 when the former U.S. President, Donald
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Trump, recognised Moroccan sovereignty over the territory in return for Morocco normalising its ties with
Israel.
Western Sahara conflict
It is the conflict between Polisario Front and Kingdom of Morocco. Polisario Front is the national liberation
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movement of Sahrawi tribe who seek to end the Moroccan presence in Western Sahara. Under the Madrid
Accords of 1975 with Mauritania & Morocco, Spain left the region in 1976. Until its exit, Spanish Governor-
General administer the territory, with the help of two Mauritanian and Moroccan Deputy Governors. But
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Polisario Front opposed these agreements. Thus, Mauritania and Morocco sent their troops to claim the
Western Sahara region.
Western Sahara region
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This region was a Spanish colony, sharing its border with Algeria, Morocco, and Mauritania. The region is
home to Sahrawi tribe.
Present Status of the Conflict
The conflict continued for 4 years after 1976. Mauritania signed a peace treaty with Polisario in 1979 and
withdrew its military forces from Western Sahara region. But Morocco advanced its troops and the war
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between Moroccan troops and Polisario Front continued till 1991. A ceasefire was agreed upon in 1991.
Morocco was already having control over 80% of the territory.
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Cuba to recognise and regulate cryptocurrencies

On August 26, 2021 Government of Cuba announced to recognize and regulate cryptocurrencies for
payment in the Island nation.
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Highlights
This decision was taken following the popularity of cryptocurrencies increased among a
technologically savvy group in Cuba as it became harder to use dollars.
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As per officials, Central Bank will set rules for such currencies. It will also determine how to license
the providers of related services in Cuba.
Cryptocurrencies are used for long-distance transactions and are supposedly anonymous. Thus, they
are often popular among people who are attempting to evade government regulations.
Other country to recognise cryptocurrencies
The Central American nation of El Salvador also recently announced to recognise the use of cryptocurrency
Bitcoin because it is a way to encourage remittances from its citizens who are living abroad. El Salvador

announced on June 9, 2021 to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender. It became the first country worldwide to take
this step.
About cryptocurrencies
Cryptocurrencies are binary data that are designed to work as a medium of exchange. In such exchange,
individual coin ownership records are stored in a ledger in the form of computerized database. A strong
cryptography is used to store the database in order to secure transaction records, control the creation of
additional coins as well as to verify transfer of coin ownership. It does not exist in physical form like a
paper money and is not issued by any central authority. Cryptocurrency is minted or created prior by a single
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issuer. So, it is generally considered as centralized.
Bitcoin
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Bitcoin is the first decentralized cryptocurrency, released in 2009.
Moody’s: Second Covid Wave Increased Banks’ Asset Risks
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According to Moody’s Investors Service, second wave of Covid infections has increased the asset risks for
Indian banks.
Highlights
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According to it, second wave of coronavirus infections in India has exacerbated stress on individuals
and small businesses. They were hit the hardest by the initial covid-19 outbreak.
Thus, there are a number of factors to prevent sharp increases in problem loans. But banks have
sufficient buffers to absorb anticipated loan losses. tn
Moody’s Investors Service or Moody’s
Moody’s is the bond credit rating business of Moody’s Corporation. It represents traditional line of business
and historical name of the company. The company provides international financial research on the bonds
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issued by commercial as well as government entities. Moody’s is among Big Three Credit Rating Agencies
along with Standard & Poor’s and Fitch Group. It also finds place in the Fortune 500 list of 2021.
Function of the company
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It ranks the creditworthiness of borrowers by using standardized ratings scale. This scale measures
expected investor loss in case of default. In the rating system of the company securities are assigned a
rating ranging from Aaa to C. Aaa is the highest quality while C the lowest.
Background
Moody’s was founded in 1909 by John Moody in order to produce manuals of statistics for stocks and
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bonds & bond ratings. Company was identified as the Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization
(NRSRO) in 1975.
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About NRSRO
NRSRO is a credit rating agency, which is approved by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in a
bid to provide information that financial firms are required to rely on for certain regulatory purposes.
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India’s proposal to mandate using green hydrogen in fertilizer and refining

In line with the Government’s commitment of replacing grey hydrogen with green hydrogen, India is
proposing to mandate the use of green hydrogen in fertilizer and refining.
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Highlights
This proposal was put forward by Power Minister R K Singh while holding talks with U.S. Special
Presidential Envoy for Climate, Mr John Kerry.
He noted, India and US can work together in the fields of innovations for power and technology.
According to the Minister, India has achieved a milestone of crossing 100 GW in Installed Solar and
Wind Capacity. Total installed renewable capacity is 147 MW, by adding the Hydro capacity.

National Hydrogen Energy Mission
National Hydrogen Energy Mission was launched to enable cost competitive green hydrogen production.
India will be also be conducting competitive bids for green hydrogen in three to four months in order to
make road for viable usage of hydrogen as a fuel. India is also looking at bids for 4000 MW of electrolysers
capacity.
About Hydrogen
Hydrogen is one among the abundant elements on earth that can be used as a cleaner alternative fuel
option. Hydrogen is of following types:
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1. Green Hydrogen: It is produced by electrolysis of water by using renewable energy like Solar, Wind. It
has the potential to lower the carbon footprint.
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2. Brown Hydrogen: It is produced by using coal where emissions are released in the air.
3. Grey Hydrogen: It is produced from natural gas where associated emissions are released in the air.
4. Blue Hydrogen: It is produced from natural gas and emissions are captured by using carbon capture
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and storage.
MP: Second State to implement NEP 2020
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Madhya Pradesh government implemented the National Education Policy-2020 (NEP-2020) in the state on
August 26, 2021.
Key Points
MP became the second state in India to implement NEP-2020 following Karnataka.
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This new education policy will break all the shackles and help students in exploring outside their
boundaries. “
Earlier, students were required to study subjects prescribed in a course. But now they will have the
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option to choose their subjects according to their interests.
NEP 2020 also focuses on National Service Scheme (NSS), National Cadet Corps (NCC) and skill-
based subjects.
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It will be implemented in all regions of the state, including 16 government universities and 40 private
universities, in some four years.
National Education Policy, 2020
Union Cabinet has approved the new NEP 2020 with the aim of introducing several changes in Indian
education system, from school to college level. This policy was launched with the aim of making “India a
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global knowledge superpower”.

School Education
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NEP proposes for universalization of education from preschool to secondary level and seeks to achieve
100% Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in school education by the year 2030. It will bring 2 crores out of school
children back into the mainstream by the means of open schooling system. 10+2 system has been replaced
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by a new 5+3+3+4 curricular structure under the new policy.

Other features of NEP 2020
NEP emphasis on Foundational Literacy & Numeracy and provides for no rigid separation between academic
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streams, vocational streams and extracurricular streams in schools. Vocational Education will start from
Class 6 with Internships, as per the policy. It also provides for teaching up to at least Grade 5 in mother
tongue or regional language. No language will be imposed on student.
August 28, 2021
Indian Oil to build India's First Green Hydrogen Plant
Indian Oil will build India’s first Green Hydrogen Plant at Mathura refinery.

Highlights
This plant will be an addition in order to expand the existing crude oil refining capacity by 25 million
tonnes per annum.
Indian Oil has been pursuing its ambitious plans of hydrogen production across various types such as
in renewable power to generate green hydrogen.
Recently, Indian oil conducted a recent hydrogen fuel cell experiment in Delhi, in which 50 CNG BS-IV
buses were converted to run on HCNG fuel. This experiment has revealed significant benefits in
reducing exhaust emissions and improving fuel economy.
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Indian Oil is also in process to set up one-tonne per day capacity pilot plants on the basis of four
innovative hydrogen production technologies.
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It will also operate 15 fuel cell buses in Delhi-National Capital Region along with Tata Motors.
Biofuel Manufacturing
Indian Oil- India’s largest fuel refiner and crude oil importer- in not only developing hydrogen fuel but also
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plans to expand biofuel manufacturing. In order to strengthen environmental stewardship, company is
setting second (2G) and a third generation (3G) ethanol plant at Panipat Refinery. 2G plant will have the
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capacity of 100 Kilolitre per day and will use rice straw to produce ethanol.
Mathura Refinery
It is the 6th refinery owned by Indian Oil Corporation and is located in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. It processes
low sulphur crude from Bombay High, high sulphur code from Middle east and imported low sulphur crude
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from Nigeria. Its construction started in October 1972. Former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi has laid down
the foundation stone.
First G20 Ministerial Conference on Women’s Empowerment
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The Union Minister of Women & Child Development, Smriti Irani addressed the First ever G20 Ministerial
Conference on Women’s Empowerment on August 26, 2021.
Key Points
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Conference was held at Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy in a hybrid format.

During the conference, union minister highlighted India’s commitment of addressing gender and
women centric issues by means of mutual cooperation.
She also noted several initiatives undertaken by Prime Minister Narendra Modi led government in
India towards bringing gender equality, strengthening women’s safety & security and ensuring better
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healthcare.
He also conveyed India’s solidarity with the G20 grouping in promoting gender equality and women’s
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empowerment within the partner countries.

She also joined the Gender Equality Ministers of the G20 for the promotion of gender equality and
empowerment of women through cooperation and coordination at all the relevant fora.
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About G20
G20 is an informal group comprising of 19 countries and the European Union besides the representatives
from the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Membership to G20 is a mix of world’s largest
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advanced and emerging economies. It represents about two-thirds of world’s population, 85% of world’s
gross domestic product, 80% of world’s investment and 75% of world’s trade.
Background
G20 was a ministerial level forum that emerged after G7 invited developed as well as developing countries
during the 1997-1999 ASIAN Financial Crisis. Amid the Crisis, world realised the need for a new consensus
building at highest political level. Consequently, it was decided that the G20 leaders would meet annually.

India’s Priorities at G20
India has always dealt with the topics like- Checking tax evasion to fight corruption, blocking terror funds,
cutting cost of remittances, market access for key drugs, reforms in World Trade Organisation in order to
improve its functioning and implementation of the Paris Agreement- at the g20 summits.
India-Maldives pact on Greater Male Connectivity Project
India and Maldives have signed pact with Maldives on one of the major connectivity initiatives called
“Greater Male Connectivity Project”.
Key Points
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Under the agreement, India will start the largest-ever infrastructure project called Greater Male
Connectivity Project (GMCP) in the Maldives.
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For the project, India will grant $100 million and a line of credit worth Rs 400 million.
GMCP is the flagship project of President Solih’s presidency and will be an enduring symbol of India-
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Maldives partnership.
This project will be started to connect business, people and industry.
GMCP will comprise of the construction of a 6.74 km long bridge and causeway link. Both will
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connect the capital city Male with adjoining islands of Thilagushi, Villingli and Gulhifalhu.
Background
This project was planned during the visit of external affairs minister of India to Male in September 2019.
Significance of the project tn
Agreement over the GMCP project proves that, India is a robust development partner of the Maldives and is
also the First Responder in times of any emergency in the Maldives. It is not only the biggest project by
India in the Maldives but also the biggest infrastructure project overall in the Island nation. It will provide a
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major boost to Maldivian economy as well as the connectivity between four islands that accounts for about
half of the Maldivian population.
Largest connectivity project
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So far, the largest connectivity project in Maldives is the Sinamale Bridge of 1.4 km, which was completed in
2018. It was built under Chinese assistance and connects Male with Hulhule and Hulhumale.
India’s investment in Maldives
Connectivity between India and Maldives is the key partnership aspect between both. To maintain the
partnership, a direct cargo ferry service was started in September 2020 that connected Tuticorin, Kochi,
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Male and Kulhuffushi. India also started an Air Travel Bubble with the Maldives, in August 2020.
New AY.12 sub-lineage of Delta Variant
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Indian states have reported new cases of sub-lineage AY.12 of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, in recent months.
According to experts, this new sub-lineage could be a reason behind the recent surge in COVID cases in
Israel.
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Highlights
According to India Sars Cov2 Genome Consortium (INSACOG’s) update, even though 60 percent of
the population are fully vaccinated in Israel, Delta variant cases have increased.
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The number of Delta Family have expanded from four to 13 variants.

In India, most widely prevalent variant of concern is being dubbed as sub-lineage AY.12.
What is AY.12 mutation?
Delta variant (B.1.617.2) has given rise to several sub-lineages and are dubbed as ‘Delta Plus’ variants.
Delta plus variant bear most of its characteristic mutations but in different ways. Out of all, sub-lineages
AY.12 has all the characteristic Delta mutations. However, according to INSACOG, it is not yet clinically
tested whether AY.12 is different from Delta or B.1.617.2. AY.12 has lost some of the mutations as it

happens in Delta lineage.
First case of AY.12
In India, first case of AY.12 lineage was reported on September 7, 2020. Till August 26, 2021, 44,083
sequences of the same lineage have been reported worldwide. In India, out of total 78865 samples; 67699
samples have been sequenced and 50869 of them have been analysed. Although, in India, only 0.002 of the
samples available have been sequenced
AY.12 in Israel
AY.12 is a dominant strain in Israel, currently. Around 51 percent of the samples were tested with this
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variant.
About Delta Variant
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Delta variant is also known as lineage B.1.617.2 and Indian variant. This was first detected in 2020 in India.
The variant was named as its current form by World Health Organization (WHO) on May 31, 2021.
India-Germany conducts Joint Exercise in Gulf of Aden
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Navies of India and Germany conducted a joint exercise in Gulf of Aden on August 26, 2021.
Key Facts
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The joint exercise included helicopter landings as well as search & seizure operations.
Frigate ‘Trikand’ from Indian Navy exercised with German frigate called ‘Bayern’.
INS Trikand is deployed for anti-piracy patrol in Gulf of Aden region.
Significance of the exercise tn
The exercise between both the navies in the Indian Ocean leg of Indo-Pacific Deployment 2021 enhanced
the interoperability and facilitated exchange of best practices between them in the maritime domain.
India-Germany Defence ties
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Navies of India and Germany conducted the first ever joint exercises in 2008 after both the nations signed
an ‘anti-piracy co-operation agreement’ in 2006. Both the counties currently maintain an ongoing dialogue in
the arena of commercial maritime security and cooperation in the area of anti-terrorism.
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Military of Germany
Military of Germany has been principally structured to defend Eastern Europe and to support NATO
operations in Western European theatre of operations. Germany does not have any sovereign territories in
the Indo-Pacific region and is also incapable of power projection in the region, unlike UK or France.
India-Germany Relations
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In Europe, Germany is India’s largest trading partner. India’s exports to Germany mainly focus on textile
sector, chemical products, metal & leather goods, electrical engineering products and foodstuffs. Germany
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will also play a key role in India-EU free trade talks called the Bilateral Trade and Investment Agreement
(BTIA). Furthermore, India can act as a hot destination for companies of Germany to invest and contribute
in Make in India program.
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Bharat series (BH-series): New Registration Mark

Government of India has introduced a new registration mark under the Bharat Series (BH-Series) for new
vehicles.
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Key Points
New registration mark was launched in order to facilitate seamless transfer of vehicles.
This citizen-centric, IT-based solution for vehicle registration was launched for facilitating mobility.
Background
Government as well as private sector employees undergo station relocation. Such movements create
unease for the employees with respect to the transfer of registration from parent state to another state.
This is so because, section 47 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 provides that a person cannot keep the

vehicle for more than 12 months in any state other than the state where vehicle is registered. Instead, a new
registration can be made with the new state- registering authority within 12 months. Considering this
difficulty, new BH-series were launched.
About BH-series
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways launched the BH-series to facilitate seamless transfer of
vehicles.
Vehicle with this registration mark will not require assignment of any new registration mark when
owner of the vehicle shifts from one state to other.
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Vehicle registration facility under this series will be available on voluntary basis to Defense
personnel, employees of Central or State Government, Central or State Public Sector Undertakings
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and private sector companies or organizations, having their offices across four or more States or
Union territories.
Motor vehicle tax will be levied for two years or in multiple of two. After completing fourteenth year,
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this tax will be levied annually and it will be half the amount that was charged earlier for that vehicle.
RBI to launch Trial Project of CBDC by December
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According to Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das, RBI is set to launch the trial program of
its digital currency by December 2021.
Highlights
Currently, RBI is working on bringing its Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) in a phased manner.
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RBI is working on CBDC carefully because it is a new product for RBI as well as for the whole world.
RBI is also studying different aspects of digital currency and investigating its security as well as its
impact on the financial sector of the country.
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Its impact on monetary policy and the currency in the system is also being studied.
Banks running this pilot project
According to BIS survey of central banks, conducted in 2021, 86% of the banks are currently examining the
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potential of CBDC. 60% of central banks are testing the technology while 14% are running the pilot project.
Why virtual currency is trending?
Countries are bringing virtual currency because, use of paper currency is decreasing. Digital currency or
currency in electronic mode is more acceptable. As per RBI, in countries like Denmark, Germany, Japan and
America, cash transactions are very high for purchases and transactions. Thus, central banks there are
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seeks to introduce electronic currency in order to improve method of issuing legal tender currency.
What is Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)?
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CBDC is a type of virtual currency, which is issued by the Central Bank. This currency is the digital version of
paper currency note. This currency is being developed across many countries of the world and some
countries are carrying trial.
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QSim- India's first Quantum Computer Simulator Toolkit

Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has launched the India’s first ‘Quantum
Computer Simulator (QSim) Toolkit’.
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Key Points
QSim is the first-of-its-kind toolkit, indigenously developed in India.
It meant to be a vital tool of learning and understanding the practical aspects of programming with
the help of Quantum Computers. It will thus bring about a new era of Quantum Computing research in
India.
This toolkit has been developed jointly by scientists of IIT Roorkee, C-DAC and IISc Bangalore.
It was developed with the support and funding of MeitY.

About the toolkit
This toolkit was launched in order to enable researchers and students to do research in Quantum
Computing in a cost-effective manner.
It allows researchers and students to write and debug Quantum Code which is essential to develop
Quantum Algorithms.
It can serve as the essential educational and research tool to provide an excellent way to attract
students and researchers towards the Quantum Technology.
QSim creates a platform which will helps students and users to acquire skills of programming and
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designing real Quantum Hardware.
Key features of the QSim
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Most unique feature of QSim is its Intuitive User Interface. This interface offers a robust Quantum Computer
Simulator along with a Graphical User Interface based Workbench in an integrated manner in order to create
Quantum programs and visualize instant circuit generation simulated outputs.
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Quantum Computing
Quantum Computing perform a variety of tasks in a faster manner and efficiently than present-day
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computers by utilizing the power of Quantum Mechanics. It is used in the fields of cryptography, machine
learning, and computational chemistry.
BRICS-Agricultural Research Platform- Key Facts
Union Minister for Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Narendra Singh Tomar, chaired the 11th Meeting of BRICS
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on August 27, 2021.
Highlights
Ministers of Agriculture from Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa held meeting virtually under the
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theme- “BRICS Partnership for Strengthening Agrobiodiversity for Food and Nutrition Security”.
BRICS grouping brings the major emerging economies of the world together. It accounts for 41% of
the world population, contribute about 24% of the world GDP and is having 16% share in world trade.
t.m
BRCS ministers acknowledged need of strong agricultural research base in BRICS countries, need to
harness & share knowledge, facilitate transfer of technologies from lab to land, maintaining
agrobiodiversity as well as ensuring sustainable use of natural resources.
Steps taken by India for SDG
According to the union minister, BRICS countries are well-positioned to take a leading role to help in
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achieving the objectives of 2030 Sustainable Development Goals of eradicating hunger and poverty.
This goal can be achieved by increasing agricultural production. This can also overcome the problem
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of increasing farmers’ income, income inequality and food price volatility.

he noted the efforts made by India in preserving agro-biodiversity by way of establishing and
maintaining National Gene banks for plants, animals, insects, fish, and agriculturally important
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microorganisms.
India is also promoting diversification of agri-food systems with the help of programs like oilseeds,
pulses, National Bamboo Mission, horticultural crops, and National Palm Oil Mission.
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All these programs are running with the objective of increasing income of the farmers and to provide
diversification in farm and plate.
Action Plan of 2021-24
BRICS countries also adopted Action Plan of 2021-24 for Agricultural Cooperation of BRICS Countries. The
Action Plan provides for an enhanced cooperation in the area of agriculture amongst BRICS nations. It
focuses on themes like food security, resilience of food & agricultural production systems, welfare of
farmers, conservation of agrobiodiversity, promotion of digital agricultural solutions etc.

Forbes Data: Delhi has world's most CCTV Cameras in Public Places
According to Chief minister, Arvind Kejriwal, Delhi has surpassed the megacities like Shanghai, New York
and London in having the greatest number of CCTV cameras installed per square mile.
Key Points
CM cited a Forbes India report on most surveilled cities across the world.
Forbes India report has ut Delhi on the top with 1,826.6 CCTV cameras per square mile.
Delhi is followed by London with 1,138 cameras per square mile.
Chennai was placed at third place with 609.9 CCTV cameras.
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Report placed Mumbai at 18th place with 157.4 CCTV cameras per square mile.
Delhi was ranked at 1 among 150 cities of the world. Delhi has three times more CCTV cameras than
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Chennai and 11 times more than Mumbai.
CCTV Project
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The CCTV project was launched under the larger action plan of government to enhance women safety Delhi.
This project was also the main aspects of the manifesto of the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) in 2020 assembly
elections. In the first phase of this project, government installed about 275,000 cameras in city. Currently,
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second phase of the project is running under which government has aimed to install 140,000 cameras in
city.
Significance of the CCTV
All the CCTV feeds are highly secure. Its hardware is monitored by the community. These feeds are
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accessible only to authorised users. CCTV system itself is capable of automatic health check-ups that in
turn detect disturbances and intrusions.
Forbes India
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It is the Indian edition of Forbes and is managed by Reliance Industries-owned media conglomerate called
Network 18. It was founded in 2008. Its magazine is published fortnightly.
Bank accounts under PMJDY reach 43 crores
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According to finance ministry, Under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), number of bank
accounts have increased to 43 crores with total deposits of Rs 1.46 lakh crore.
Key Highlights
The flagship financial inclusion scheme, PMJDY, has completed seven years of implementation.
This scheme was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in the Independence Day address on
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August 15, 2014 and was launched on August 28 with the objective of bringing financial inclusion.
It was launched to ensure that people have access to financial services, like banking, credit,
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insurance, remittance and pension in an affordable manner.

Eligible PMJDY account holders will soon be covered under the Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima
Yojana (PMSBY) as well as Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY).
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Number of PMJDY accounts

The number of total PMJDY accounts are 43.04 crores, as of August 18, 2021. Out of this, 23.87 crores
(55.47 per cent) account holders are women. Rural and semi-urban areas comprise of 66.69 per cent or
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28.70 crore account holders. Out of total 43.04 crore accounts, 36.86 crores (85.6 per cent) are operative
while average deposit per account is Rs 3398. Increase in average deposit also signifies the increased
usage of accounts and inculcation of saving habit among them. Total RuPay cards issued under the scheme
to account holders also increased to 31.23 crore.
Accidental Insurance
Free accidental insurance cover on RuPay cards also increased from Rs 1 lakh to Rs 2 lakh for accounts
opened after August 28, 2018.

Pillars of PMJDY
Main pillars of the PMJDY are-
1. Banking the Unbanked,
2. Securing the Unsecured and
3. Funding the Unfunded
These pillars have made it possible to adopt multi-stakeholders’ collaborative approach in order to serve the
unserved and underserved areas.
August 30, 2021
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Indian Railways floats tender for 58 Vande Bharat Trains
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Indian Railways has floated a tender for 58 Vande Bharat train sets, following Prime Minister Narendra
Modi’s August 15 announcement.
Highlights
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Tender was floated in a bid to roll out 75 such trains during 75 weeks of “Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav”.
Currently, two Vande Bharat trains are in operation:
1. Delhi to Katra and
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2. Delhi to Varanasi.
As per the tender, 102 Vande Bharat trains will be delivered to the Railways by March 2024. Out of
102, 75 will be available by August 15, 2022.
New coaches will be manufactured at the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) in Chennai, Modern Coach
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Factory (MCF) in Rae Bareilly and Rail Coach Factory (RCF) in Kapurthala.
ICF will manufacture 30 rakes, while MCF & RCF will manufacture 14 rakes each.
About Vande Bharat Express
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This Indian semi-high-speed, intercity, EMU train, also known as Train 18, was designed and manufactured
by Integral Coach Factory (ICF) at Perambur, Chennai. It was manufacture under the Make in India initiative,
in 18 months. The unit cost of the first rake was about RS 1 billion. As this price, it is estimated to be 40%
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cheaper as compared to a similar train imported from Europe. Train 18 was launched on February 15, 2019.
It was named ‘Vande Bharat Express’ on January 27, 2019.
Features of Train 18
The train is capable of running at a maximum speed of 200 km/h. However, the tracks on which it operates
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are not capable of supporting such high speeds. As a result, train is operated at a maximum speed of 130
km/h. It was tested at a speed of 180 km/h. This makes it the fastest train to run in India.
Web version of e-GOPALA application launched
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Web version of e-GOPALA application was launched on August 28, 2021.

Key Points
Web version of e-GOPALA has been developed by National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).
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Portal was launched to aid dairy farmers.

NDDB also launched IMAP web portal that provides real-time information to the dairy farmers in order
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to provide better productivity of dairy animals.

Web portal was launched in line with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s dream of ‘Digital India’.
About e-GOPALA App
The e-Gopala App is a comprehensive breed improvement marketplace and information portal, directly used
by farmers.
Significance of e-GOPALA platform
e-GOPALA platform will help farmers to manage their livestock including buying and selling of disease-free
germplasm like semen, embryos, etc. It will also inform regarding the availability of quality breeding
services as well as guide farmers on animal nutrition & treatment of animals with the help of appropriate
Ayurvedic ethno veterinary medicine. It also comprises of mechanism to send alert regarding due date for
vaccination, pregnancy diagnosis & calving and provide information to farmers about government schemes.
Portal will facilitate real time checking of coverage and progress of several projects and government
schemes.
Digital India Mission
Digital India Mission was launched in 2015. The mission has been enabled for several Government schemes
like Make in India, BharatNet, Startup India and Standup India etc. It was launched with the objective of
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preparing India for a knowledge future and making technology central to enable change. It works in the
areas of:
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1. Providing Digital infrastructure as Utility to Every Citizen.
2. Providing Governance and services on demand.
3. Digital empowerment of every citizen.
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Yogesh Kathuniya clinch Silver Medal in Paralympics
Discus thrower, Yogesh Kathuniya, clinched a silver medal on August 30 in the men’s F56 event in 2020
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Paralympics.
Highlights
On August 29, India picked up a silver in high jump and a bronze in discus throw, which is on hold
because of a protest. tn
Brazil’s defending champion and world record holder, Claudiney Batista dos Santos, won the gold
medal for best throw of 45.59m.
Leonardo Diaz Aldana from Cuba won the bronze for throw of 43.36m.
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Men’s F56 event
In the F56 classification, athletes have full arm as well as trunk muscle power. Pelvic stability is provided to
full ability in order to press the knees together.
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Who is Yogesh Kathuniya?

He is a 24-year-old, B.Com graduate from Kirorimal College of Delhi. He is the son of an Army Man. He
suffered a paralytic attack, when he was eight. Attack left him with coordination impairments in his limbs.
During KMC, his potential was noticed by several coaches following which he came under tutelage of
Satyapal Singh at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium. After some years, coach naval Singh started guiding him.
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His achievements
2018 Para-athletics Grand Prix Competition in Berlin was his first even international competition in which he
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created a world record in F36 category. He won a bronze medal in 2019 World Para Athletics
Championships in Dubai with the throw of 42.51m. This win made ways for him to Tokyo. At Tokyo
Paralympics, he sent the disc to a distance of 44.38m in his sixth which was the last attempt to clinch the
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silver medal.
SpaceX launched ants, avocados, robotic arm to Space station
SpaceX launched shipments of ants, avocados, human-sized robotic arm toward the International Space
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Station on August 29, 2021.

Key Points
The delivery of shipments is due to arrive on August 30, 2021.
It will be SpaceX’s 23rd mission for NASA in a decade.
The Dragon is carrying more than 2,170 kilograms of supplies and experiments as well fresh food like
avocados, lemons and ice cream for seven astronauts of the space station.
The Girl Scouts have sent ants, brine shrimp and plants as test subjects.

University of Wisconsin-Madison scientists sent seeds from mouse-ear cress which is a small
flowering weed used in genetic research.
Samples of concrete, solar cells and other materials will be subjected to weightlessness.
Falcon Rocket
Recycled Falcon rocket was blasted into predawn sky from Kennedy Space Center of NASA. The first-stage
booster was landed on newest ocean platform called “A Shortfall of Gravitas” of SpaceX, after hoisting the
Dragon capsule. The booster-recovery vessel was named so, in tribute to the late science fiction writer Iain
Banks and his Culture series.
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Robotic arm
Dragon is also carrying a robotic arm by a Japanese start-up company. It will attempt to screw items
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together in its orbital debut as well as perform other mundane chores that are normally done by astronauts.
The first tests will be conducted inside the space station. According to the company, a squad of these arms
could help in building lunar bases and mine the moon for precious resources as early as 2025.
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August 29: International Day against Nuclear Tests
Event of International Day against Nuclear Tests is held on August 29 each year.
ps
Highlights
This event is organised with the aim of bringing about awareness regarding the harmful effects of
testing nuclear weapons and calls to end such tests.
Year 2021 marked the 12th anniversary of the event. tn
Background
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) established and adopted the International Day against
Nuclear Tests in December 2, 2009 in its 64th session. This resolution was initiated by Kazakhstan to mark
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the 18th anniversary of the closing of USSR-controlled Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site in 1991 at
Kazakhstan.
First nuclear test
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United States Army had conducted the first nuclear test, called Trinity, in a desert site of New Mexico on
July 16, 1945. This test empowered United States to drop atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in
August 1945. This event resulted into an estimated 200,000 casualties while the survivors suffered from
cancers due to radiation. Nuclear tests by USA and USSR led to the Cold War, that continued till 1991. About
2000 nuclear test explosions were conducted in between 1945 and 1996.
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Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)

CTBT was established by UNGA in 1996. It was signed and ratified by 170 nations.15 nations signed the
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treaty but did not ratify. It was not signed by 11 nations.

Significance of the Day
This day highlights the urgency of ban on all forms of nuclear weapons tests and its use by any country. The
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signatories of the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty pledged to secure peace and security from
the threat of nuclear weapons.
Greater Male Connectivity Project: AFCONS to build bridge in Maldives
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Indian construction firm, AFCONS, signed a contract for the largest-ever infrastructure project in Maldives
on August 26, 2021.
Key Points
This project is dubbed as The Greater Male Connectivity Project (GMCP).
It will comprise of a 6.74 km-long bridge and causeway link between Male and islands of Villingli,
Thilafushi and Gulhifalhu.
Project will be completed by Indian construction giant AFCONS.

Who signed the contract?
Contract for Greater Male Connectivity – Male to Thilafushi Link Project was signed between the Ministry of
National Planning, Housing & Infrastructure and AFCONS Infrastructure Ltd.
Funding for the project
India has provided a grant of $100 million and a Line of Credit of $400 million to fund the project.
About GMCP project
GMCP project is a bigger project than the Sinamale Bridge that was built with Chinese assistance. Sinamale
Bridge connects Male with Hulhumale and Hulhule and was completed in the year 2018. GMCP project aims
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to connect four islands that accounts for half of Maldivian population. It will add dynamism to Maldivian
transport and economic activities. It will connect Male with planned international port of Gulhifalhu and an
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industrial zone at Thilafushi. Project will use renewable energy and will utilise solar power for lighting
purposes. GMCP project comprises of:
1. Three navigation bridges of 140 m span across a deep channel between four islands,
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2. 41 km of marine viaduct in deep water
3. 32 km of marine viaduct in shallow water or on land
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4. 96 km of at-grade roads.
Background
Contract for GMCP project was signed following a bilateral consultation between India and the Maldives. It
was under discussion since the visit of External Affairs Minister of India to Male in September 2019.
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Thematic POSHAN Maah to be celebrated in September
The Union Ministry of Women and Child Development has planned to organise and celebrate Thematic
POSHAN Maah in September 2021.
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About POSHAN Abhiyaan
POSHAN Abhiyaan is the flagship programme of government of India to improve nutritional outcomes for
pregnant women, lactating mother, children and adolescent Girls. This mission was launched by Prime
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Minister Narendra Modi on the occasion of International Women’s Day on March 8, 2018. POSHAN stands
for “Prime Minister’s Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nutrition” Abhiyaan. This mission was announced in
Budget 2021-2022.
Aim of the Mission
POSHAN Abhiyaan divert the attention of country towards the problem of malnutrition and address it in a
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mission-mode. This mission focuses on the aims of POSHAN Abhiyaan, Mission Poshan 2.0. it seeks to
strengthen nutritional content, delivery, outreach and outcomes in order to develop practices that nurture
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health, wellness and immunity on disease as well as malnutrition.

Jan Andolan
POSHAN Abhiyaan is a Jan Andolan or People’s Movement. It incorporates inclusive participation of public
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representatives of local bodies, government department from States or UTs, Public & Private sector and
social organizations.
POSHAN Maah
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POSHAN Maan is celebrated in the month of September to ensure community mobilization and bolster
people’s participation. In the year 2021, as India celebrates Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, this month has been
subdivided into weekly themes with a focused and assimilated approach to improve holistic nutrition. It will
broadly focus on Plantation Drive for POSHAN VATIKA at Gram Panchayats, Anganwadis, School Premises
etc. Saplings of nutritious fruit trees, local vegetables and medicinal plants & herbs will be planted as a part
of celebration.

FIT India Mobile Application Launched
Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports, Anurag Singh Thakur, launched the Fit India Mobile Application on the
occasion of celebrating second anniversary of Fit India Movement.
Highlights
Application was launched as part of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav at Major Dhyan Chand National
Stadium in New Delhi on the occasion of National Sports Day on August 29, 2021.
On the occasion, Ministers virtually interacted with Indian Hockey team captain Manpreet Singh, pilot
Captain Anny Divya, wrestler Sangram Singh, journalist Ayaz Memon etc.
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Fit India App
Fit India App is free and available in English & Hindi on the Android and the iOS platforms. It was developed
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in a way that it works even on basic smartphones. This app will bring ease of checking one’s fitness levels.
It comprises of unique features such as fitness score, activity trackers, animated videos, and my plan in
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accordance with the individual specific needs.
Fitness Protocol
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the age-appropriate fitness protocols in the year 2020. These
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protocols are certified by World Health Organisation (WHO). A fitness mantra “FITNESS KI DOSE, AADHA
GHANTA ROZ” was also dedicated to nation.
Fit India Movement
This movement was launched by PM Modi on August 29, 2019 on the occasion of National Sports Day. It
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was launched with the aim of making fitness an integral part of lives of every Indian. Fit India was first
established by Suparno Satpathy in 1993 and was incorporated as a company in the year 2000.
Fitness Pledge
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Fitness Pledge of the campaign is “I promise to myself, I will devote time for physical activity and sports
every day. I will encourage my family members & neighbours to be physically fit and make India a fit nation”.
PhonePe to serve as Direct Insurance Broker
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India’s fastest growing Insurtech company, PhonePe, announced it has got an Insurance Broking license
issued from the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) and it will now serve as
Direct Insurance Broker.
Highlights
PhonePe entered the Insurtech sector in the year 2020 with a limited insurance ‘corporate agent’
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license.
This license had restricted the company to partner with only three Insurance companies per category.
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Now, it has received a ‘Direct Broking’ license. As a result, it will now distribute insurance products
from all insurance companies of India.
New broking license will also allow PhonePe to start offering personalized product recommendations
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for its 300+ million users.

It will also be offering a much more diverse portfolio of insurance products for consumers in India.
Background
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PhonePe came in to the insurance segment in January 2020 as a ‘corporate agent’. Since then, it has since
launched offerings across general insurance, term insurance as well as health insurance. Response towards
its insurance product, launched from millions of customers, encouraged PhonePe to apply for an Insurance
Broking license in order to expand its insurance offering for consumers.
About PhonePe
PhonePe is an Indian digital payments and financial services. It is headquartered in Bangalore. It was
founded in December 2015 by Sameer Nigam, Burzin Engineer and Rahul Chari. This is based on the Unified

Payments Interface (UPI) and it went live in August 2016. The app is available in 11 Indian languages. This
app allows users to send and receive money, DTH, recharge mobile, data cards, pay at shops, make utility
payments, liquid funds, invest in tax saving funds etc. It also allows to book Ola rides, pay for Redbus
tickets, and book flights & hotels through the Switch platform.
Y-Break App launched by AYUSH Ministry
Union AYUSH Ministry launched a Y-Break App from Vigyan Bhawan on August 29, 2021.
Highlights
It was launched by Union AYUSH minister, Sarbananda Sonowal.
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On the occasion, several bouquets of activities and campaigns was launched by Ministry of Ayush to
commemorate Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav.
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Apart from Y-Break App, a year-long campaigns like cultivation of medicinal plants in farmland,
distribution of medicinal plants to households and sensitisation of School & College going students
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on Ayush systems were launched.
This week-long activities & campaigns will start from August 30 to September 5.
These activities will be launched with the aim of reaching to remote areas in India and address all
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categories of our population viz., children, old people, farmers and corporate.
Activities and Campaigns
Activities launched by AYUSH Ministry comprises of:
Cultivation of medicinal plants on 75,000 hectares of land to benefit farmers.
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Launch of the Y-Break App.
Five-minute Yoga protocol for office goers.
Distribution of Ayush prophylactic medicines, focusing specially on people aged above 60 years age
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group.
AyushAapkDwar Programme to take taking medicinal plants to the doorstep of 75 lakh families in the
year 2021.
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Series of sensitisation lectures & distribution of IEC material to school and college students
Webinar on Y-break application.
Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav is a series of events being organised to commemorate the 75th Anniversary of
India’s Independence. Events are being organised by government of India and it will be celebrated as a Jan-
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Utsav in the spirit of Jan-Bhagidari.

IBBI proposes amends in Liquidation Process
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Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) has proposed amendments in the liquidation process under
the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) in order to bring transparency.
Highlights
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According to IBBI, regulatory framework of liquidation process has been improvised on various
occasions in last five years in a bid to address the difficulties faced by stakeholders, meet evolving
requirements and to achieve the objectives of the Code.
ht
New amendments were proposed to further strengthen the regulatory framework of the liquidation
process with respect to accountability of liquidator towards stakeholders.
Discussion paper also proposed to provide that if the secured creditors with 60 per cent of the value
in secured debt decide to realise the security interest, this decision will be binding on the other ‘pari-
passu’ charge holders.
IBBI (Liquidation Process) Regulations, 2016
It provides that the liquidator should carry on the business of corporate debtor for its beneficial liquidation

and exercise all the powers of its board of directors, managerial personnel as well as the partners. It also
provides to comply with applicable laws in behalf of the firm.
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI)
IBBI is the regulator to look after the insolvency proceedings and entities such as Insolvency Professional
Agencies (IPA), Information Utilities in India and Insolvency Professionals (IP). It was established in
October 2016. Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code provides IBBI statutory powers. The code was passed by
Lok Sabha in May 2016. Present whole-time members of the IBBI include Dr. Navrang Saini, Dr. Ms. Mukulita
Vijayawargiya and Sh. Sudhakar Shukla.
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2020 Paralympics: Avani Lekhara wins Gold Medal
On August 30, 2021, Shooter Avani Lekhara has won India’s first gold medal in 2020 Tokyo Paralympics.
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Key Points
Avani Lekhara won medal in women’s 10m Air Rifle Standing (SH1) event
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She is a 19-year-old Lekhara and created a record at Paralympics by equalling the world record of
Ukraine’s Iryna Shchetnik.
Iryna Shchetnik had a record score of 249.6 in 2018.
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Avani became the first Indian woman to win first gold medal at Tokyo 2020 Paralympics.
Cuiping Zhang of China won silver medal with a score of 248.9 while Iryna Shchetnik won the bronze
medal with a score of 227.5.
Avani finished 7th with a score of 621.7 and become the 5th Indian athlete to won a gold medal in the
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Paralympics Games.
She is the fourth Indian athlete to win a Paralympics gold following swimmer Murlikant Petkar in
1972, javelin thrower Devendra Jhajharia in 2004 & 2016 and high jumper Thangavelu Mariyappan in
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2016.
India’s Medal Tally
India has won 19 medals so far across all 11 editions of Tokyo Paralympics Games since 1960. It
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comprises of 5 gold, 8 silver, and 6 bronze.

About Avani Lekhara
Avani Lekhara is an Indian Paralympic athlete of the shooting event. She was born on November 8, 2001.
She has been currently ranked at World No. 5 in Women’s 10m Air Rifle standing (SH1). She competed in the
2018 Asian Para Games and has been getting support by GoSports Foundation through the Para Champions
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Programme. Avani sustained a spinal cord injury in a car accident in 2012. She started shooting after
reading the autobiography of Olympic gold medallist shooter Abhinav Bindra. She tried hand in different
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sports with her father’s support but ultimately, she got inclined towards shooting.
August 31, 2021
What is West Nile virus?
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Russia issued a warning about the possibility of rise in cases of West Nile Virus infections this autumn
because mild temperatures and heavy precipitation are the favourable circumstances for mosquitos
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carrying the virus.

Highlights
More than 80% of West Nile fever cases are registered in the southwest Russia.
According to the reports, human cases of the mosquito-borne West Nile virus were increasing in
North Dakota region of Russia.
So far, five people have confirmed cases.
What is West Nile virus?
It is a single-stranded RNA virus causing West Nile fever. Virus is the member of family Flaviviridae, which
also comprises the Zika virus, dengue virus, as well as yellow fever virus. This virus is primarily transmitted
through mosquitoes and mostly by species of Culex. Primary hosts of the virus are birds. Genetically, the
virus is related to the Japanese encephalitis family. Humans and horses both exhibit disease symptoms
from this virus. First human case of the disease was reported in 1937 in Uganda and now it is the leading
cause of mosquito-borne disease in continental United States.
Origin of the virus
West Nile virus was originated in Africa. It has now spread to Europe, Asia, and North America. Virus is
mostly transmitted by mosquito bites, causing a deadly neurological condition in humans.
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When does this disease mostly occur?
Most of the West Nile virus cases occur during mosquito season, starts in the summer and lasts until the
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fall.
Symptoms of the disease
Majority of people (8 out of 10) infected with West Nile virus do not exhibit any symptoms. Some infected
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people develop fever along with symptoms like headache, body aches, joint pains, rash, vomiting or
diarrhoea.
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'Latham’s Snipe' Migratory Bird
Latham’s Snipe shorebird fly non-stop from Japan to Australia twice in a year. The bird takes five days to
cover the distance of thousands of kilometres of ocean for their survival.
Highlights tn
The migratory shorebird is similar in size to a blackbird.
It completes the gruelling migration to warmer climes and prepare itself for its return flight and next
breeding season.
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Latham’s snipe
The bird is also known as Japanese Snipe and is scientifically called as Gallinago hardwickii. It is a
medium-sized, long-billed, migratory snipe in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. It is 29–33 cm in length
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with a wingspan of 50–54 cm. It is 150–230 g in weight.

Features of the bird
The bird is identified as a Gallinago snipe by its cryptically-patterned black, brown, buff and white plumage.
However, it is not easy to distinguish from Swinhoe’s and pin-tailed snipe.
Habitat
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The bird mainly breeds in Hokkaido in northern Japan and in small proportion in Honshu (eastern Russian
mainland). Historically, it used to breed in Sakhalin and the Kurile Islands. Breeding habitat of the bird in
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Asia include alpine moorland, rough pasture, young tree plantations, grasslands and cultivated areas.
Migration
They migrate and spend most of their non-breeding season in eastern Australia, where it is the common
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Gallinago snipe. It has also been recorded on migration in Taiwan, New Guinea and the Philippines. It is a
rare straggler to New Zealand.
Status of the bird
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This bird is the Least Concern species. In Australia it was earlier hunted as a gamebird but it is now
protected. The bird is listed as “rare” under South Australia’s National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972.
CJI Ramana to administer oath of office to 9 new SC judges
The Chief Justice of India (CJI), NV Ramana, will administer oath of office to Nine new judges, including
three women on August 31, 2021.
Highlights
Three out of these nine new judges namely, Justice Vikram Nath, Justice BV Nagarathna and Justice

PS Narasimha, are in line to become the CJI.
With the addition of 9 judges, total strength of the Supreme Court would increase to 33 out of the
sanctioned strength of 34, including the CJI.
This will happen for the first time in the history of Supreme Court when nine judges will take oath of
office in one go.
Swearing-in ceremony would be held in auditorium of the Supreme Court’s additional building
complex as opposed to oath in CJI’s courtroom.
Background
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A collegium of Supreme Court recommended the names of these nine judges on August 17, 2021 for
appointment as judges of the Apex court. President Ram Nath Kovind then signed the warrants of their
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appointment.
Women Judges
The apex court has appointed very few women judges since its inception. In over 71 years, only eight
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women judges have been appointed till date. First women judge was M Fathima Beevi, appointed in 1989.
Justice Indira Banerjee is the lone serving woman judge in the supreme court after her elevation on August
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7, 2018.
Appointment of SC Judges
The President of India appoints the Judges of the Supreme Court. The CJI is appointed by the President
following a consultation with judges of the Supreme Court as well as high courts (HCs). Other judges of the
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SC are appointed by the President following a consultation with the CJI and such other judges of the SC and
the HCs. The consultation with CJI is obligatory for appointment of judges other than Chief justice.
IIT Roorkee-NDMA develop App to Predict Natural Disasters
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The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) and IIT Roorkee has developed an app, in a joint
venture, that can predict natural disasters.
Highlights
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App will alert about possible natural calamities in advance.

Uttarakhand cabinet has also formed an expert committee that will tell us about the quantum of
rainfall in each area in order to make arrangements in advance.
According to minister, Doppler Radar has started functioning at Mukteshwar. Radar will also be
installed at Surkanda Devi within 1-1.5 months.
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Third Doppler Radar will be installed in Lansdowne.

Background
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The development of the app is in line with the proposal by the Central Government to simplify the disaster
parameters of 2011.
Doppler Radar
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Doppler Radar is a specialized radar that make use of Doppler effect to produce velocity data about the
distant objects.
Doppler effect
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When the source and signal are in relative motion to each other, observer witness a change in the
frequency. If they move closer, frequency increases and vice versa. This effect is called as Doppler effect.
What is a Radar?
Radar, expanded as Radio Detection and Ranging, is a device that uses electromagnetic waves in the
microwaves region in order to detect location, range & direction; altitude; intensity and movement of moving
& non-moving objects.

How does a Doppler radar work?
Radars emit a beam of energy, called radio waves, from an antenna. When the radio waves strike an object
in the atmosphere, energy scatters in all directions. Some of the energy is reflected directly back to the
radar. Larger the object deflects the beam as well as amount of energy that the radar receives in return.
Weather forecasting department observes the time required for the beam to be transmitted & returned to
the radar and see raindrops in the atmosphere & measure their distance from the radar.
Toy-train safari launched on Darjeeling Himalayan Railway route
The Northeast Frontier Railways (NFR) has launched a regular Jungle Tea Toy Train Safari on the Darjeeling
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Himalayan Railway Route.
Key Points
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Toy-train safari will run from Siliguri junction to Rongtong station in West Bengal.
This is the NRF’s second attempt to attract tourists and improve tourism business in Darjeeling
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Himalayan Railway (DHR).
Existing direct DHR Toy train service was discontinued for one and a half years due to covid-19
pandemic
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Existing toy train services
The heritage toy train services, launched earlier, started again in between New Jalpaiguri and
Darjeeling in West Bengal. The service was halted for 17-month amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Currently, one train is running between New Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling, each day to cover a distance of
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88 kilometres.
The train climbs from New Jalpaiguri (100 metres above sea level) to Darjeeling (2,200 metres above
sea level).
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Steepness of the route was the most challenging part for the train. To tackle this challenge, oops and
zig-zags were incorporated along the train route.
In order to gain altitude while going up the hill, this train moves forward, reverses and moves forward
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again.
DHR toy train is a UNESCO World Heritage site as it was declared by the UN body on December 5,
1999.
Tea Toy Train by NFR
Northeast Frontier Railways (NFR) launches tea toy train from Siliguri West Bengal to Rongtong, regularly.
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Such trains feature a heritage steam engine and view dome dining car. Tourists take in the spectacular
views of Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary and surrounding hills from trains.
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Significance of the Train

The toy trains are expected to boost the tourism sector in the region. Locals will be having the opportunity
to participate in weekend tours regularly.
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U.S. ends 20-year war in Afghanistan

The United States announced the end of its 20-year-old war in Afghanistan before the deadline of August 31,
2021.
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Highlights
This announcement was made after the last American military flight flew out of the Hamid Karzai
International Airport in Kabul before the August 31 deadline.
America announced the formal end of America’s longest war, just before the 20th anniversary of the
September 9/11, in which Al Qaeda terrorists hit the twin towers in New York.
The 9/11 terrorist strike had forced the US to enter Afghanistan and overthrow the Taliban rule who
had provided safe havens to the Al Qaeda leadership.

The Taliban rule was overthrown and replaced by US-backed Afghans. They then ruled the country for
20 years. In last 20 years several during general elections were held.
US-backed Afghan rule was overthrown by the Taliban again on August 15 when the president Ashraf
Ghani fled the country and 3,00,000 Afghan armed forces troops, who were trained by United States,
gave up without any fight.
The Taliban is now ruling Afghanistan and it welcomed the departure of the US troops from the
country.
War in Afghanistan
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It was a conflict, took place from 2001 to 2021, in Afghanistan. The war started with the invasion that led to
the United States and its allies to topple the Taliban-ruled Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan so that they could
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deny al-Qaeda a safe base of operations in Afghanistan. War was officially fought by allied NATO & Afghan
Armed Forces against Taliban insurgents. The Taliban defeated the Afghanistan Army after majority of
NATO forces left the country. This was the longest war in the history of United States.
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UNSC adopts resolution on Afghanistan
The United Nations Security Council, under the Presidency of India, adopted a resolution on the situation in
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Afghanistan on August 30, 2021.
Highlights
The resolution demanded that the war-torn country, Afghanistan, not be used to threaten or attack
any nation or shelter terrorists. tn
Resolution was put forward by the US, UK and France.
It was adopted with the votes of 13 Council members in favour.
Permanent members Russia and China abstained from the voting.
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Taliban in Afghanistan
The Taliban seized power in Afghanistan on August 15, 2021. They captured the country two weeks before
the United States was set to complete its troop withdrawal, ending the longest war in US history. This
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seizing also forced Afghan President Ashraf Ghani to flee to the United Arab Emirates.
UNSC is one among the six principal organs of the United Nations. It is charged with ensuring international
peace and security. It also recommends on the admission of new UN members to general assembly and
approves any changes in the UN Charter. Some of its power include- establishment of peacekeeping
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operations, enactment of international sanctions, and authorization of military action. UNSC is the only UN
body that can issue binding resolutions on member states.
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When it was created?

UNSC was created after World War II to address failings of the League of Nations in maintaining peace
across the world.
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Member of UNSC
UNSC comprises of fifteen members, out of which five are permanent viz, China, France, Russia, the United
Kingdom, and the United States of America. Permanent members can use their veto power on substantive
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resolution. Remaining ten members are elected on a regional basis and serve for a term of two years.
Presidency of the body rotates monthly among its members.
Odisha's Kendrapara district: Only place to have all 3 Crocodile Species
Kendrapara district of Odisha, that is crisscrossed by rivers, creeks and water inlets, has become the only
district in India where all three species of crocodiles viz., salt-water, gharial and mugger are found.
Key Points
District has also claimed fame for its successful conservation programme launched for salt-water or

estuarine crocodiles at the Bhitarkanika National Park.
The national park comprises of 1,768 estuarine crocodiles and is home to 70 per cent of India’s
estuarine crocodiles.
Now, with the sighting of mugger and gharial crocodiles, all three species of crocodiles are found in
the river systems of Kendrapara district.
Gharial hatchling was rescued from Paika river which is a tributary of Mahanadi on August 29, 2021.
In 2016, a 14-feet-long mugger was sighted.
Bhitarkanika river systems
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Bhitarkanika river systems are home to saltwater crocodiles. On the other hand; Mahanadi River, Brahmani
rivers and their tributaries are inhabited by muggers and gharials. Sighting of the crocodiles is significant
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because conservation of these species (Muggers and Gharials) has not been as successful as that of the
estuarine crocodiles.
Bhitarkanika National Park
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This larger national park is located in the northeast Kendrapara district of Odisha. It obtained the status of a
Ramsar site in 2002. The area the second Ramsar site of Odisha after the Chilika Lake. The Park is
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surrounded by Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, Gahirmatha Beach, Marine Sanctuary, separating swamp
region as well as mangroves from the Bay of Bengal. Park is home to Saltwater crocodile king cobra, Indian
python, black ibis, darters and other species of flora and fauna.
Indian Navy’s First Exercise with Algerian Navy
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The Indian and Algerian navies conducted their first ever naval exercise off the coast of Algeria on August
29, 2021.
Highlights
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The exercise reflects increased maritime cooperation among two countries.
Stealth ship INS Tabar represented India while Algeria was represented by its naval ship ANS Ezager.
As part of the exercise, activities like communication procedures, coordinated maneuvers, and past
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steam were carried out between Indian and Algerian warships.

This naval exercise opened up the possibility for both the navies to understand the concept of mutual
operations, enhance interoperability, and increase future interaction and cooperation.
India-Algeria Relations
Both the countries have established diplomatic relationship. Algeria is having an embassy in New Delhi
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while India set up it in Algiers. They are part of Non-aligned movement. Being a member of African Union,
Algeria supports the candidacy of India for a permanent seat in Security Council. Trade between both the
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countries has increased from US$55 million in 2001 to US$3.4 billion in 2011. Both the countries have also
taken steps to increase collaboration in the oil sector.
India’s market in Algeria
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Indian car company, Maruti, has a significant market in Algeria. It is the third largest export market for
Maruti.
India’s aid to Algeria
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India also provided Algeria US $1 million humanitarian aid to help the “victims of the earthquake in Algeria
in May 2003. India handed over medicines worth half a million US dollars in April 2004.
Science and technology cooperation
Indian Space Research Organisation launched the Satellite Alsat 2A of Algeria into orbit in July 2010.
Asian Youth Championships: 6 Gold medals for India
Indian boxers won six gold medals along with nine silver and five bronze medals in the Asian Youth
Championship.

Highlights
In the event, women’s competition was significantly depleted because of pullouts caused by
COVID-19 related travel restrictions.
Preeti Dahiya, Sneha Kumari, Khushi and Neha won the gold medals in the women’s draw.
Out of 10 women finalists, six made directly to the finals because of small size of their respective
draws.
Dahiya defeated Kazakhstan’s Zuldyz Shayakmetova by 3-2.
Khushi defeated Dana Diday of Kazakhstan by 3-0 in bouts.
e
Bishwamitra Chongtham and Vishal are the gold-winners in the men’s competition.
Preeti, Khushi, Tanisha Sandhu, Nivedita, Tamanna and Simran won the silver medals in women’s
re
competition.
Vishvanath Suresh, Vanshaj and Jaydeep Rawat won silver medals in men’s competition.
Background
cf
Five Indian boxers, including one woman, earlier won bronze medals in youth event after they lose in semi-
finals. Daksh, Deepak, Abhimanyu and Aman Singh Bisht won the bronze medals. In women’s category,
ps
Lashu Yadav won bronze medal.
Last edition of the competitions
Last edition of Asian Youth Championships was held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. India had won 12 medals,
including five gold. The gold medallists in youth category were awarded with USD 6,000, silver medallists
tn
got USD 3,000 while bronze medallists got USD 1,500. In the junior competition held along with the
Championships, India had won eight gold, five silver and six bronze medals.
Asian Youth Athletics Championships
e/
It is a biennial, continental athletics competition held for Asian athletes. It is organised by the Asian
Athletics Association. The first championships were held in 2015. It is a youth category event that is held
for athletes aged fifteen and seventeen.
t.m
PayU acquires Digital payments provider BillDesk

Fintech services provider, PayU, is set to acquire the Indian digital payments provider, BillDesk for $4.7
billion. This will be one among the largest deals in Indian fintech sector.
Highlights
This announcement was made by the global consumer internet group and one among the largest
//
technology investors worldwide, Prosus NV on August 31, 2021.

The proposed acquisition will see PayU that operates in more than 20 high-growth markets. It also
s:
became one of the leading online payment providers by total payment volume, globally.
PayU focuses on high-growth markets and operates in three distinct businesses-
1. Payments for domestic and cross border transactions,
tp
2. Credit solutions for consumers and small businesses,

3. Strategic investments in innovative fintech companies like Remitly in the US as well as building a full
financial services ecosystem in India.
ht
Transaction is subject to approval from the Competition Commission of India and it has been built on
previous successful acquisitions by PayU in India, including Paysence, CitrusPay, and Wibmo.
Now, PayU India and BillDesk will be able to meet changing payments needs of digital consumers,
merchants and Government enterprises in India.
It will also offer state-of-the-art technology to more excluded sections of society. It will also adhere to
the regulatory environment in India and deliver a robust consumer protection.

About BillDesk
BillDesk is an Indian online payment gateway company. It is based in Mumbai. It is a financially independent
company and is monitored under the Payments and Settlements Systems Act, 2007 which is regulated and
supervised by the Reserve Bank of India. It was founded by Indian entrepreneurs viz., M.N. Srinivasu, Ajay
Kaushal and Karthik Ganapathy in the year 2000.
August 30: National Small Industry Day
National Small Industry Day is observed every year on August 30, to recognise the value of small businesses
existing in India.
e
Highlights
It is an annual celebration dedicated to encouraging small businesses across the country.
re
This day is observed with the objective of encouraging small businesses and offering job
opportunities to the jobless.
cf
Significance of small-scale sector
Small-scale sector plays key role in economic growth of the developing nation like India. Considering the
strategic relevance of these sectors, special emphasis is placed on its development. Thus, the trend of
ps
government policy assistance for small industry has been beneficial and favourable for the growth of small-
scale enterprises.
Background
Ministry of Small-Scale Industries (SSI) had launched a comprehensive policy package for SSI Sector on
tn
August 30, 2000. This policy provides significant support to small firms in India. Ministry subsequently
agreed to designate August 30 as “SSI Day”. Ministry held an SSI Convention for SSI Entrepreneurs in New
Delhi and presentation of National Awards function on August 30, 2001. This program was divided into
e/
three parts viz., Inauguration, Distribution of National Awards, and Open House Discussion.
How this day is significant?
Central government has made several efforts to establish small-scale enterprises across India in order to
t.m
help people in finding work. This day is marked to emphasise on the importance of small-scale enterprises
in creating work opportunities for individuals in rural and urban regions. This is because, small businesses
are labour-intensive and units of capital engaged in them retain higher proportion of employment.
Furthermore, it helps in equitable allocation of economic power.
IIT Madras to Develop Online Marketplace called e-Source
//
IIT Madras is in process of developing an online platform called e-Source that will be used to tackle
electronic wastes (e-waste).
s:
Key Facts
E-Source will be used to tackle e-waste by linking stakeholders of the formal and informal economy.
e-Source will act as an exchange platform to serve as an online marketplace for Waste Electrical and
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Electronic Equipment (WEEE).

It will also act as a formal supply chain between several stakeholders, including buyers and sellers.
This initiative is being headed by Indo-German Centre for Sustainability (IGCS).
ht
According to IGCS team, problem of e-waste can be resolved by connecting buyers and sellers of
Used and Waste electronic equipment without compromising their interests.
What is the need of e-Source initiative?
To formalize e-waste handling and management, a novel open-source solution is needed which is data
enriched and leveraging the potential of transparency because, e-waste either completely stripped down to
get precious metals and other high-value materials or are dumped in landfills, without exploring potential re-
use. Such unscientific recycling methods e-waste are harmful for waste handlers as well as environment.

Waste generation
As per a study, world generates 53.6 million tonnes of e-waste annually. This amount is expected to double
in next 16 years. Such waste is pressing issues in India as well. India is the world’s third-largest producer. It
generated 38 percent more e-waste in between 2019-2020.
What waste generation in India is a concern?
because, in India, only 5 percent of e-waste is recycled responsibly.
Features of e-Source
A unique feature of e-Source initiative is that, it will deploy a detection system which uses a combination of
e
image processing and natural language processing techniques in order to get product information and
upload it to the database. Furthermore, it can be self-certified by means of prescribed standard protocols.
re
cf
ps
tn
e/
t.m
//
s:
tp
ht

120 Multiple Choice Questions
The below MCQs are select 120 questions sourced from GKToday’s Current Affairs 2021 Daily 20 MCQ
Series in GKToday Academy Android Application.
1. Which ministry has launched the brand - ‘SonChiraiya’ - for marketing of Urban SHG products?
[A] Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
[B] Ministry of Rural Development
[C] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
e
[D] Ministry of Women and Child Development
Answer: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
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Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) secretary, Durga Shanker Mishra, on 13th August,
2021 launched ‘SonChiraiya’ (A brand and logo).
SonChiraiya was launched with the aim of marketing of urban Self-Help Group (SHG) products.
cf
Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM), which comes
under MoHUA, has been focusing on equipping the urban poor women with adequate
opportunities and skills to enable them to promote sustainable micro-enterprises.
ps
SHGs are engaged in producing goods such as handicrafts, textiles, toys, eatables, etc and they
were being sold in local markets and often faced barriers in finding wide market access. To
overcome these challenges, Ministry has tied up with Amazon and Flipkart.
2. In which state/UT, Investor Summit 2021 is being organized?
[A] Maharashtra
tn
[B] Gujarat
e/
[C] Karnataka
[D] Delhi
Answer: Gujarat
t.m
The Investor Summit is being organized by the Gujarat government in collaboration with the
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways.
The Investor Summit will focus on the synergies presented by the ship-breaking industry at Alang,
for the development of an integrated scrapping hub.
It is being conducted in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
//
This summit will see participation from various potential investors, industry experts and the
concerned central and state government ministries.
s:
The National Vehicle Scrappage Policy was announced by the PM on 13th August, 2021.
3. Which date of August has been declared as Partition Horrors Remembrance Day?
[A] August 13
tp
[B] August 12
[C] August 16
[D] August 14
ht
Answer: August 14
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has declared that August 14 will be observed as ‘Partition Horrors
Remembrance Day’ to acknowledge the pain undergone by Indians due to the partition of India in
1947.
While no details were shared on any memorial events to be held on the day, the announcement
comes on the eve of India’s 75th Independence anniversary.
A year-long series of events connected to the anniversary, ‘Amrit Mahotsav,’ has been lined up,

including recording the national anthem by ordinary citizens and uploading them on the
Rashtrapati Bhavan website.
4. Which Indian-US start up has been conferred the prestigious National Science Foundation
Innovation-Corps (NSF I-Corps) Teams Award in the United States?
[A] SoftWorthy
[B] Udaan
[C] Cipla
[D] Urban Company
e
Answer: SoftWorthy
SoftWorthy has been conferred the prestigious National Science Foundation Innovation-Corps
re
(NSF I-Corps) Teams Award in the United States.
Founded in 2020, SoftWorthy’s award-winning project focuses on developing state-of-the-art
computational methods for ‘stochastic modelling, design simulation and sensitivity analysis of
cf
electronic devices like printed-circuit-boards (PCBs), which are critical for the growth of novel
technological applications like driverless vehicles and energy-efficient smart buildings.
ps
The company is led by a team of Indian engineers trained at Massachusetts Institute of
Technology and Harvard University, and has been working to develop innovative software
technology for performing engineering analysis.
5. Which bank has signed a MoU with Paralympic Committee of India to become one of the Banking
tn
Partners ahead of the Paralympic Games?
[A] State Bank of India
[B] Indian Bank
e/
[C] Bank of Baroda
[D] Punjab National Bank
Answer: Indian Bank
t.m
Indian Bank has signed a MoU with Paralympic Committee of India to become one of the Banking
Partners ahead of the Paralympic Games, Tokyo 2020.
The Paralympic Games are scheduled to start from the 24th August, 2021.
In a year-long association, the bank will provide financial assistance to Paralympic athletes to
prepare for the coveted sporting events in domestic arena as well as global platforms.
//
India is sending its largest-ever contingent to the Paralympic Games in Tokyo -- 54 para-
sportspersons across nine sports disciplines.
s:
6. Which ministry has launched an online portal named TAPAS (Training for Augmenting
Productivity and Services)?
[A] Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
tp
[B] Ministry of Labour and Employment

[C] Ministry of Education
[D] Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
ht
Answer: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment

Union Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment Dr. Virendra Kumar launched an online portal
TAPAS (Training for Augmenting Productivity and Services)
This portal has been developed by the National Institute of Social Defence to provide access to
lectures by subject experts, study material and more, but in a manner that it supplements the
physical classroom without compromising teaching quality.
The five basic courses are on Drug (Substance) Abuse Prevention, Geriatric/Elderly Care, Care and

Management of Dementia, Transgender Issues and on comprehensive course on Social Defence
Issues.
7. Which country, the Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) has provided a soft loan of USD 100
million for the procurement of defence items?
[A] Maldives
[B] Thailand
[C] Mauritius
[D] Morocco
e
Answer: Mauritius
The government will provide a soft loan of USD 100 million to Mauritius for the procurement of
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defence items by the island nation.
The Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) has entered into an agreement for USD 100 million
line of credit to Mauritius for procurement of defence items from India.
cf
Under the agreement, India will export eligible goods and services to Mauritius. Line of credit or
soft loans are charged at nominal rate of interest.
ps
8. Which organization has launched door to door delivery of diesel?
[A] Hindustan Petroleum
[B] Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
[C] Indian Oil Corporation tn
[D] Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
Answer: Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) has launched door to door delivery of diesel to meet
e/
the growing demand.
The company will deliver the fuel through 15 mobile bowsers and 9 Jerry can facilities in different
corners of the Eastern Region.
t.m
The company has already launched 63 mobile dispensers serving the needs in the States of West
Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and North East states.
9. Which state/UT’s police department has launched a first-of-its-kind Drone Forensic Lab and
Research Centre?
[A] West Bengal
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[B] Gujarat
[C] Kerala
s:
[D] Delhi
Answer: Kerala
Kerala police has launched a first-of-its-kind Drone Forensic Lab and Research Centre with an aim
tp
to address the rising concerns in this regard.

Along with addressing the threat aspects of drones, the lab-cum-research centre is also tasked to
look at the utility part of the unmanned aerial vehicles.
ht
Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan inaugurated this Forensic Lab and Research Centre.
10. Recently, who has inaugurated an exhibition named Katha Kranthiveeron Ki?
[A] Narendra Modi
[B] G. Kishan Reddy
[C] Amit Shah
[D] Dharmendra Pradhan
Answer: G. Kishan Reddy

Union Minister of Culture, Tourism, and Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER) G. Kishan
Reddy inaugurated an Exhibition Katha Kranthiveeron Ki, an exhibition of revolutionaries in New
Delhi.
The exhibition Katha Kranthiveeron Ki has been put up at Rabindra Bhawan as part of ‘Azadi Ka
Amrit Mahotsav’ being celebrated to commemorate 75 years of Independence.
The Exhibition “Katha Krantiveeron Ki” has on display more than 100 artworks recognising unsung
heroes like Alluri Sitarama Raju and Artwork created during Shaheedi Diwas, Champaran
Satyagraha and Jallianwala Bagh camp.
e
11. Which State has announced the creation of four new districts?
[A] West Bengal
re
[B] Jharkhand
[C] Telangana
cf
[D] Chhattisgarh
Answer: Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh Chief Minister Bhupesh Baghel has announced four new districts and 18 new tehsils
ps
in the state.
The four new districts are Mohla-Manpur, Sakti, Sarangarh-Bilaigarh and Manendragarh.
'Mukhyamantri Affordable Medicine Scheme' has been renamed as 'Shri Dhanwantri Yojana'.
Currently, there are 28 districts in the state of Chhattisgarh and after the announcement of four
tn
new districts the number will increase to 32.
12. Which state/UT has announced smart health cards under its Swasthya Kalyan Yojana?
[A] Kerala
e/
[B] West Bengal
[C] Odisha
[D] Karnataka
t.m
Answer: Odisha
Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik said Odisha would provide smart health cards to 3.5 crore people
in the State under Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana (BSKY), which would enable each family to get
treatment cost up to ₹5 lakh per annum.
//
Odisha is the first State in the country to provide such smart health cards.
The BSKY was redesigned to provide smart health cards to people that would work as a debit
cards.
s:
According to the re-launched BSKY, each family can avail treatment cost up to ₹5 lakh per annum
while women members can avail this benefit up to ₹10 lakh every year.
The beneficiaries could avail health services in more than 200 hospital chains of the country,
tp
including Odisha.
13. Which organization, UNESCO has partnered with to celebrate India's rich cultural heritage?
ht
[A] Netflix
[B] Amazon
[C] Facebook
[D] Google
Answer: Netflix
Netflix and UNESCO have partnered to celebrate India's rich cultural heritage through the
streaming platform's popular animated series "Mighty Little Bheem".
Netflix and UNESCO will come up with a series of short videos themed 'One Country, Incredible
Diversity' that will focus on India's cultural journey, monuments, living heritage, performing arts,
social practices, rituals and festivals such as Dussehra, Diwali, Holi, etc.
The short videos, featuring Bheem, will be released on UNESCO New Delhi's Facebook, Instagram,
YouTube and Twitter pages.
The first video in the series was released on Friday, ahead of the 75th Independence Day.
14. Recently, which state has announced a special package for the weavers of the state whose
livelihoods were badly hit due to Covid-19?
[A] Jharkhand
e
[B] Odisha
[C] West Bengal
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[D] Bihar
Answer: Odisha
Odisha chief minister Naveen Patnaik has announced a special package for the weavers of the
cf
state following reports that the Covid-19 had badly hit their livelihood.
The state government announced interest-free loans of up to Rs 50,000 to weavers.
ps
3,000 weaver families will be provided with house-cum-work shed on a priority basis.
The weavers will be provided with electricity and electrical fans so that they can do weaving and
designing comfortably.
After agriculture, handlooms are the main source of employment for the rural population in
tn
Odisha.
Infrastructure such as Customer Fulfillment Centre (CFC); warehouses and sales centres will be
established through the panchayati raj to store the weaver’s products.
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15. Which organization has launched a campaign to promote contactless payments titled
#FollowPaymentDistancing?
[A] Mastercard
t.m
[B] Maestro
[C] Visa
[D] RuPay
Answer: RuPay
RuPay, which comes under National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), has launched a
//
strategic campaign to promote contactless payments.

The campaign is titled #FollowPaymentDistancing asks consumers to start payment distancing
s:
and to switch to contactless digital payments with RuPay Contactless Cards.

The campaign also captures all safety norms for social distancing as well as tries to persuade
people to pay safely and timely from a distance.
tp
#FollowPaymentDistancing is running on social media platforms and digital channels and it

features multiple digital films that revolve around the idea of payment distancing with RuPay
Contactless.
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RuPay contactless cards allow customers to pay seamlessly with ‘Tap and Pay’ option at the
merchant location without entering the pin for transactions up to Rs 5,000.
RuPay is also ready to roll out RuPay On-The-Go Wearable technology.
16. What amount will be invested in Pradhan Mantri Gatishakti initiative?
[A] Rs 150 lakh crore
[B] Rs 300 lakh crore
[C] Rs 200 lakh crore

[D] Rs 100 lakh crore
Answer: Rs 100 lakh crore
Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced Rs 100 lakh crore Pradhan Mantri Gatishakti initiative
on August 15, 2021.
This initiative will create employment opportunities for youth in India.
It will also lead to growth and development of infrastructure.
In his address, Prime Minister highlighted that Gatishakti-National Master Plan will be announced
soon.
e
Prime Minister also noted that, India needs to increase both manufacturing and exports.
Gati Shakti plan will help in raising global profile of local manufacturers. It will also help
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manufacturers to compete with their counterparts cross the world. It also increases the
possibilities of new future economic zones.
cf
17. With which organization, Arunachal Pradesh has signed an agreement for the development of
two hydropower projects?
[A] North Eastern Electric Power Corporation
ps
[B] THDC India Limited
[C] Power Grid Corporation of India
[D] Power System Operation Corporation
Answer: North Eastern Electric Power Corporation tn
Arunachal Pradesh signed a memorandum of agreement (MoA) with with North Eastern Electric
Power Corporation (NEEPCO) for the development of two hydropower projects in the state.
North Eastern Electric Power Corporation (NEEPCO) will set up a 90-megawatt project in Tawang
e/
and another 120 MW plant in West Kameng.
18. With which organization, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) has recently
extended their collaboration to facilitate international trade?
t.m
[A] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

[B] United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
[C] World Trade Organization
[D] United Nations Industrial Development Organization
Answer: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
//
The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the International Air
Transport Association (IATA) recently extended their collaboration to facilitate international trade,
s:
particularly e-commerce.
This collaboration will focus on enabling UNCTAD’s automated customs management system, to
manage e-commerce shipments more efficiently.
tp
It will include adding a risk assessment for mail shipments and facilitating access to the IATA
enhanced partner identification and connectivity (EPIC) platform.
The collaboration will also include the potential exchange of additional operational electronic
ht
information such as air cargo rules, flight schedules and others that can assist customs officials
in their risk assessments.
19. In which state/UT, World’s first bio-bank in Ayurveda is going to be set up?
[A] Uttarakhand
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] Goa
[D] New Delhi

Answer: New Delhi
Union Ayush Minister Sarbananda Sonowal recently announced that World’s first bio-bank in
Ayurveda is going to be set up in the All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi.
AIIA is a public Ayurveda medicine and research institute in New Delhi that was founded in 2015.
It is an autonomous institute under the AYUSH Ministry. The institute offers postgraduate and
doctoral studies in a variety of Ayurvedic disciplines.
20. Which hospital has become the first hospital in the country to house a fire station in its campus?
[A] Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai
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[B] NIMHANS, Bengaluru
[C] AIIMS Delhi
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[D] Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai
Answer: AIIMS Delhi
All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi has become the first hospital in the country to house
cf
a fire station in its campus
AIIMS has collaborated with Delhi Fire Service (DFS) to open a fire station inside the hospital to
ps
meet any emergency.
The infrastructure of the fire station shall be provided by AIIMS, the manpower shall be managed
by DFS.
21. Ashraf Ghani has resigned from presidency. He was the president of which country?
tn
[A] Afghanistan
[B] Iraq
[C] Iran
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[D] Saudi Arabia
Answer: Afghanistan
Afghan President Ashraf Ghani had left the country to avoid bloodshed as the Taliban entered the
t.m
capital Kabul.
Diplomats from the various countries have already evacuated their embassies.
The Taliban has captured nearly a dozen key cities in Afghanistan. With the departure of US
forces, it is poised to take over the country from the embattled Afghan government.
//
22. Who has inaugurated the Health QUEST study which will be undertaken by 20 private hospitals
across India?
[A] Dr. K Sivan
s:
[B] Dr. Harsh Vardhan

[C] Mansukh L. Mandaviya
[D] Dr. Balram Bhargava
tp
Answer: Dr. K Sivan

Dr K Sivan, Secretary, Chairman, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) formally inaugurated
the Health QUEST study (Health Quality Upgradation Enabled by Space Technology of ISRO) which
ht
will be undertaken by 20 private hospitals across India.

Objective of the study is to strive towards reducing human errors and achieve zero defect and
quality service in the emergency and intensive care units of hospitals.
The study aims to upgrade the healthcare system standards in the country in line with the ISRO
quality standards and best practices.
23. In which Indian city, the world's first museum on wheels was inaugurated?
[A] Bengaluru

[B] Mumbai
[C] Kolkata
[D] Lucknow
Answer: Kolkata
An iconic museum on wheels inside the trams of Kolkata was inaugurated by West Bengal
transport and housing minister Firhad Hakim, commemorating the 75th anniversary of India's
independence.
Kolkata is getting the world's first museum on a tram that symbolizes how people's solidarity
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survived the freedom struggle, partition and the events of 1947.
The museum on wheels has been curated by the Arts and Cultural Heritage Trust in collaboration
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with West Bengal Transport Corporation (WBTC).
It will be on display at Esplanade (Central Kolkata) till December-end and from 1st January, it will
move to other parts of the city.
cf
24. In which State/UT, Narendra Singh Tomar has inaugurated the world's second-largest
refurbished state-of-the-art National Gene Bank?
ps
[A] New Delhi
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] Gujarat
[D] Goa tn
Answer: New Delhi
Union Minister for Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Narendra Singh Tomar has inaugurated the
world's second-largest refurbished state-of-the-art National Gene Bank at the National Bureau of
e/
Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), Pusa in New Delhi.
The need for bio fortified crop varieties is being felt, which the government is trying to overcome.
The National Gene Bank established in the year 1996 to preserve the seeds of Plant Genetic
t.m
Resources (PGR) for future generations, has the capacity to preserve about one million
germplasm in the form of seeds.
Presently it is protecting 4.52 lakh accessions, of which 2.7 lakh are Indian germplasm and the
rest have been imported from other countries.
25. With which bank, Tata Motors has partnered with to offer car loan facilities?
//
[A] State Bank of India

[B] Bank of Maharashtra
s:
[C] Bank of Baroda

[D] ICICI Bank
Answer: Bank of Maharashtra
tp
Tata Motors has joined hands with Bank of Maharashtra to offer car loan facilities for its New
Forever range of passenger vehicles.
Under the collaboration, Bank of Maharashtra will provide loans to Tata Motors’ customers at an
ht
interest rate starting from as low as 7.15% linked with Repo Linked Lending Rate (RLLR).
The scheme will offer a maximum of 90% financing on the total cost of the vehicle.
26. Recently, which organization was given conditional permission by the Civil Aviation Ministry to
use drones for various purposes?
[A] Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
[B] Coal India
[C] Steel Authority of India

[D] Rashtriya Ispat Nigam
Answer: Steel Authority of India
The Civil Aviation Ministry gave conditional permission to 10 organisations, including Mahindra
and Mahindra, Steel Authority of India (SAIL) and Bayer Crop Science, to use drones for various
purposes.
Karnataka government is one of the 10 organisations and it has got the permission to conduct
"drone based aerial survey for creating urban property ownership records in Bengaluru".
Mahindra and Mahindra has got permission to conduct "drone-based agricultural trials" and use
e
drones for precision spraying on paddy and hot pepper crop in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.
Two organisations—Gujarat-based Blue Ray Aviation and Telangana-based Asia Pacific Flight
re
Training Academy—have been permitted to conduct remote pilot training using drones.
Bayer Crop Science has got the permission to conduct drone-based agricultural research activities
and use drones for agricultural spraying.
cf
The National Health Mission in Mumbai has also got the permission to conduct experimental
BVLOS (beyond visual line-of-sight) drone flights to deliver essential healthcare items in tribal
ps
areas of Jawhar in Palghar district of Maharashtra.
Gangtok Smart City Development has got the permission for drone-based aerial survey for its
smart city project.
SAIL has got the permission to use drones to conduct perimeter surveillance of its steel plant in
tn
Burnpur, West Bengal.
Chennai-based Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited has got the permission to conduct drone-
based aerial spraying to assess crop health and prevent crop disease.
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Pune-based Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology to conduct atmospheric research at five
different locations in the country.
27. With which organization, Facebook has partnered to build a 12,000-kilometre long subsea cable
t.m
in the Asia-Pacific region?

[A] Microsoft
[B] Apple
[C] Twitter
[D] Google
//
Answer: Google
Google and Facebook have joined hands to build a 12,000-kilometre long subsea cable, aimed at
s:
expanding connectivity in the Asia-Pacific region.

The undersea cable will connect Japan, Taiwan, Guam, the Philippines, Indonesia and Singapore,
and is expected to be completed in 2024.
tp
The cable system is expected to have an initial design capacity of more than 190 terabits per
second to meet rising data demands in the region.
Subsea cables are laid on sea beds to carry telecommunication signals. They are made up of
ht
hundreds of fibres that transmit data between two locations.

28. What is India’s rank in the global coronavirus innovation rankings for countries?
[A] 32
[B] 26
[C] 30
[D] 25
Answer: 32

India fell six spots to the 32nd place in the global coronavirus innovation rankings for countries,
as per a report prepared by StartupBlink in association with Health Innovation Exchange, UNAIDS.
The report features the top-ranked 40 countries and 100 cities in the world based on innovative
solutions developed to face the pandemic.
These rankings are for innovations made specific to the Covid-19 pandemic, and also take into
consideration the population of the country.
The innovations are segmented into different categories – prevention (vaccine, protective and
sanitation, automation, etc), diagnostics (telehealth diagnostics, big data and profiling, test kits,
e
etc), treatment (telehealth treatment, ventilator and medical devices, medication, etc), grants and
support initiatives (grants, relief funds, hackathons and targeted challenges, etc), information
re
(databases, crisis communication, etc), life and business adaptation (community and mental
health, education, work, shopping, etc).
cf
29. Recently, researchers from which country has developed a COVID-19 diagnostic test that uses
electrodes made from graphite?
[A] China
ps
[B] United States
[C] Japan
[D] Switzerland
Answer: United States tn
A new cheaper, faster, and more accurate COVID-19 diagnostic test that uses electrodes made
from graphite (the material found in pencil lead) to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been
developed by researchers in the United States.
e/
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania in the US have developed this test.
The research published in the journal PNAS stated that graphite electrodes in the new low-cost
COVID-19 detection test known as the Electrochemical Advanced Diagnostic (LEAD) test aid in
t.m
reducing the cost to $1.50 per test and take only 6.5 minutes to detect the COVID-19 virus.
30. With whom has India signed a joint action plan to boost trade activities?
[A] East African Community
[B] European Union
[C] Caribbean Community
//
[D] Commonwealth of Independent States

Answer: East African Community
s:
East African Community (EAC) traders stand to benefit from faster clearance of their goods and
lower costs of running their business following the signing of a Joint Action Plan between the EAC
and the Government of India.
tp
The Joint Action Plan will pave the way for a full Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) between
the two parties.
The MRA once realised, will benefit companies under the Authorised Economic Operators (AEO)
ht
Programme run by the EAC Partner States under the coordination of the EAC Secretariat since
2008.
The selection of India as an MRA partner was based on the principle of mutual recognition and the
fairly steady trade between the EAC and India over the past five years (2014 – 2018), which
cumulatively amounted to over $30 billion.
31. Which bank has emerged as the top performer among public sector lenders in terms of loan and
savings deposit growth during Q1 of the current financial year?

[A] Punjab & Sind Bank
[B] State Bank of India
[C] Bank of Maharashtra
[D] Canara Bank
Answer: Bank of Maharashtra
Bank of Maharashtra (BoM) has emerged as the top performer among public sector lenders in
terms of loan and savings deposit growth during the first quarter of the current financial year.
Bank of Maharashtra recorded 14.46% increase in gross advances at Rs 1,10,592 lakh crore in
e
April-June period of 2021-22.
It was followed by Punjab & Sind Bank which posted 10.13% growth in advances with aggregate
re
loans at Rs 67,933 crore at the end of June 2021.
When it came to deposit mobilisation, BoM with nearly 14% growth was a notch behind Punjab
and Sind Bank, while the country's largest lender State Bank of India recorded 8.82% rise.
cf
32. By which year, the government is going to provide fortified rice to the poor under various
schemes?
ps
[A] 2023
[B] 2024
[C] 2025
[D] 2022 tn
Answer: 2024
While addressing the nation on 75th Independence Day, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced
to provide fortified rice to poor under various schemes by the year 2024.
e/
This decision was taken in order to address the problem of malnutrition in India.
Providing nutrition to every poor person India is a priority of the government. This decision was
taken in the view that, malnutrition and lack of essential nutrients among poor women and poor
t.m
children is a major hurdle in their development.

Government will provide fortified rice with nutrition them.
Child Malnutrition is a major threat to the growth and development of children.
Micronutrient deficiencies or ‘hidden hunger’ also continue to pose significant public health
problems in Indian populations.
//
Food fortification is the simplest and sustainable public health strategies that address the
challenge of micronutrient deficiencies. It is a cost-effective, scientifically proven, and globally
s:
recognised approach. It also helps in easily reaching to wider & vulnerable populations by means
of existing food delivery systems.
33. In collaboration with which organization, has NITI Aayog’s Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)
tp
launched Student Entrepreneurship Program 3.0?

[A] Dassault Systemes
[B] Google
ht
[C] Tesla
[D] DRDO
Answer: Dassault Systemes
Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) of NITI Aayog in collaboration with La Fondation Dassault
Systemes in India launched the third series of the ‘Student Entrepreneurship Program’ (SEP 3.0)
for the young innovators of Atal Tinkering Labs (ATL).
The theme of SEP 3.0 is based on the ‘Made in 3D - Seed the Future Entrepreneurs Program’,

conceptualized and rolled out in France by La Main à la Pate Foundation and La Fondation
Dassault Systèmes Europe in 2017.
As part of this program, a team from each school (6 students and a teacher) will be allocated
seed funding towards creating their own start-up, design and prototype their innovation using 3D
printing, prepare marketing campaign, define product pricing and create expansion strategy.
At the end of the program, each school’s start-up will participate in a playful competition and
present their marketing campaign in front of experts from industry and academia.
34. Which organization has launched a new Cybersecurity Multi-Donor Trust Fund?
e
[A] Asian Development Bank
[B] European Central Bank
re
[C] Reserve Bank of India
[D] World Bank
cf
Answer: World Bank
The World Bank has launched a new Cybersecurity Multi-Donor Trust Fund aimed at better
defining and systematically rolling out the cybersecurity development agenda to help ensure a
ps
more substantial reflection of cybersecurity considerations across its programs and financing.
Developed as an associated trust fund under the World Bank's broader Digital Development
Partnership Umbrella (DDP), the Cybersecurity Multi-Donor Trust Fund's launch was made
possible with donor contributions from Estonia, Germany, Japan, and the Netherlands.
tn
The new Cybersecurity Multi-Donor Trust Fund will help ensure that countries and their citizens
can safely and securely take full advantage of the ongoing digital transformation and
development.
e/
35. Which organization has set up a specialised lab for camera innovation at Hyderabad?
[A] Xiaomi
[B] Oppo
t.m
[C] Apple
[D] Samsung
Answer: Oppo
Smartphone maker Oppo has set up a specialised lab for camera innovation at its Hyderabad
research and development centre.
//
It is designed to develop localised features, camera solutions using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and
focus on developing imaging software for a better user experience.
s:
36. With which organization, Corsight AI and I-Sec has partnered to deliver facial recognition
technology?
[A] DRDO
tp
[B] Indian Space Research Organisation

[C] Electronics Corporation of India Limited
[D] Assam Electronics Development Corporation Limited
ht
Answer: Assam Electronics Development Corporation Limited

Assam Electronics Development Corporation Limited has partnered with Corsight AI and I-Sec to
develop facial recognition technology.
Assam Electronics Development Corporation Limited (AMTRON) has partnered with Corsight AI, a
leading Facial Recognition Technology provider, to establish a strong Facial Recognition
Technology Development and Services portfolio along with setting up a Facial Recognition Center
of Excellence (''FR-COE'') at Tech City, Guwahati.

I-Sec will become AMTRON's strategic partner in this joint venture. ISec and its global partners
specialize in providing the most advanced emerging technologies and solutions for all fields, from
defense to space technology.
Through this collaboration, AMTRON aims to provide facial recognition, capacity development,
research and training services to the Indian government, state governments and related
government organizations, as well as public sector enterprises (PSUs) in India.
37. Which ministry has launched Operation Blue Freedom?
[A] Ministry of Tribal Affairs
e
[B] Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
[C] Ministry of Minority Affairs
re
[D] Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
cf
Union Social Justice and Empowerment Minister Dr. Virendra Kumar flagged off ‘Operation Blue
Freedom’ on 16 August 2021.
It is an expedition by the people with disabilities from across India to the world’s highest
ps
battlefield – Siachen Glacier.
Selected people with disabilities will undertake an expedition to Kumar Post to create a new world
record to scale the world’s highest battlefield.
The team of people with disabilities has been trained by ‘Team CLAW’, an elite team of Former
tn
Special Forces Veterans working towards creating ecosystems for people with disabilities to
thrive.
The team will drive via Manali to Leh and will prepare for the Siachen Glacier world record
e/
expedition. The team will subsequently undergo three stages of acclimatisation and training at
Leh (Stage 1), Siachen base camp (Stage 2) and North Pullu (Stage 3) before being inducted into
the Siachen Base Camp for the final expedition.
t.m
38. With which country, India has participated in the bilateral naval exercise ‘Exercise Konkan
2021?’
[A] Sri Lanka
[B] Russia
[C] Australia
//
[D] United Kingdom

Answer: United Kingdom
s:
India has participated in the bilateral naval exercise ‘Exercise Konkan 2021’ with United Kingdom.
This naval exercise was held between the Indian Navy and the Royal Navy of Britain in
Portsmouth, UK.
tp
INS Tabar took part in the annual bilateral exercise Konkan between the Indian Navy and Britain's
Royal Navy.
The Indian Navy and Royal Navy have been conducting the bilateral naval exercise Konkan every
ht
year since 2004.

39. Which organization is supporting the Punjab government to boost MSME’s in the state?
[A] NABARD
[B] SEBI
[C] SIDBI
[D] RBI
Answer: SIDBI

The Global Alliance for Mass Entrepreneurship (GAME), in partnership with the Government of
Punjab and Chamber of Industrial and Commercial Undertakings (CICU) and supported by Small
Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), has opened up the application process for the
second cohort of Growtherator Ludhiana.
The aim of the programme is to advance Punjab's transformation 'Saada Karobaar Punjab di
Shaan' and helping Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) scale up their business
efficiently.
The Growtherator is a small business accelerator programme (six-month cohorts) to support 30
e
promising enterprises in improving their productivity, efficiency and profitability significantly.
The programme invites applications from profitable businesses with annual revenue of Rs 2 crore
re
to Rs 10 crore in service industry, and Rs 10 crore to Rs 50 crore in manufacturing trade or export
businesses with at least three years of annual filings.
Businesses with annual revenue of Rs 2 crore to Rs 50 crore that are led by women (majority
cf
equity owned by women), have also been encouraged to apply.
40. Which State/UT has launched the Karkhandar Scheme?
ps
[A] Ladakh
[B] Jammu & Kashmir
[C] Himachal Pradesh
[D] Sikkim tn
Answer: Jammu & Kashmir
The Jammu & Kashmir Government issued orders for giving a fresh impetus to the training in
handicraft sector in the UT by unveiling the ‘KARKHANDAR’ scheme which is a unique concept as
e/
far the upliftment of artisans and weavers through training is concerned.
The scheme will be implemented throughout the UT by Directorate of Handicrafts and Handloom
Kashmir/ Jammu.
t.m
The main thrust of this scheme will be to identify and impart skill upgradation training in such
crafts which are facing human resource crunch like walnut wood carving, silver filigree, carpet,
kanishawl weaving, khatamband and Paper Machie crafts.
Under the scheme the meritorious trainees will be given RS 2000/month as honorarium and the
trainer will get Rs 2000/month for each trainee and plus Rs 25000/- for logistics, raw materials
//
etc.
41. With which organization, MyGov under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
s:
have come together to jointly launch the Amrit Mahotsav Shri Shakti Innovation Challenge 2021?
[A] Global Fund for Women
[B] National Organization for Women
tp
[C] Women for Women International

[D] UN Women
Answer: UN Women
ht
On the occasion of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav, the 75th year of Independence of India, MyGov
under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and UN Women have come together
to jointly launch the Amrit Mahotsav Shri Shakti Innovation Challenge 2021 to encourage
technology solutions developed by Women Entrepreneurs that facilitate Women’s Safety and
Empowerment.
The aim is to empower women to help them achieve their full potential.
The winners will be awarded 5,00,000 each.

It is being implemented under Multi-Partner Trust Fund (COVID-19) Programme First Shri Shakti
Challenge was held in 2020.
42. Which organization has partnered with MBDA of UK to establish a facility for the Final Assembly,
Integration and Test of Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile (ASRAAM) missiles in India?
[A] Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
[B] BrahMos Aerospace
[C] Bharat Dynamics Limited
[D] Defence Research and Development Organisation of India
e
Answer: Bharat Dynamics Limited
Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) and MBDA of UK have signed up to establish a facility for the Final
re
Assembly, Integration and Test (FAIT) of Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile (ASRAAM)
missiles in India.
Under the agreement, MBDA will transfer the equipment and knowledge to BDL for establishing
cf
the facility.
Establishing this capability is due to start immediately and is expected to commence operations
ps
by 2022-23.
ASRAAM is one of the within visual range missiles available and BDL will be manufacturing these
at its Bhanur Unit, Telangana for the domestic and export market in future through MBDA.
43. Which State/UT has launched the second phase Naadu-Nedu programme?
tn
[A] Telangana
[B] Andhra Pradesh
[C] Tamil Nadu
e/
[D] Kerala
Answer: Andhra Pradesh
Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, Y.S. Jaganmohan Reddy, has launched the second phase
t.m
Naadu-Nedu programme in Konaseema region in East Godavari district to renovate 16,000

government schools by spending ₹4,500 crore.
The Chief Minister has also launched the distribution of Jagananna Vidhya Kanuka-2, spending a
whopping ₹726 crore to provide the education kits to the 4.73 crore students of government and
aided schools in the academic year 2021-22.
//
The kit comprises of three pairs of uniform cloths, books, stationary and shoes. This year, the
dictionary is an additional gift. For the primary and upper primary students, SCERT dictionary will
s:
be presented and Oxford Dictionary will be given to the high school students.
44. With which country, Indian navy has signed a ‘Joint Guidance’ for naval cooperation?
[A] Australia
tp
[B] Japan
[C] United States
[D] South Korea
ht
Answer: Australia
India, Australia sign ‘Joint Guidance’ for naval cooperation to further bilateral and multilateral
cooperation and interoperability in the maritime domain
The signing ceremony for the ‘Joint Guidance for the Australia – India Navy to Navy Relationship’
document was held virtually between Indian Navy Chief Admiral Karambir Singh and Australian
Navy Chief Vice Admiral Michael J Noonan.
Australia and India, along with the US and Japan are members of the four-nation Quadrilateral

Security Dialogue, or the Quad, which has irked China.
The navies of the four Quad nations will also participate in the Malabar Naval Exercise later this
year.
45. In which State/UT, Ministry of Textiles has inaugurated an international exhibition on Folk &
Tribal Art Paintings “Reetiyon se Kalakritiyon ka Safar?”
[A] Maharashtra
[B] New Delhi
[C] Odisha
e
[D] Goa
Answer: New Delhi
re
International Exhibition on Folk & Tribal Art Paintings begins in New Delhi.
Upendra Prasad Singh, Secretary, Ministry of Textiles has inaugurated an international exhibition
on Folk & Tribal Art Paintings “Reetiyon se Kalakritiyon ka Safar” at National Crafts Museum &
cf
Hastkala Academy, organised by Office of Development Commissioner, Handicrafts in
collaboration with Odi Art Centre.
ps
Folk and Tribal Paintings of 7 countries- India, South Korea, Indonesia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka,
Bangladesh and Nepal are on display.
This special exhibition (from 18th August to 3rd September) has been curated by the National
Crafts Museum & Hastkala Academy, New Delhi, in collaboration with Odi Art Centre.
tn
46. External Affairs Minister (EAM), S Jaishankar, announced the rollout of a mobile tech platform at
the UN Security Council. What is the name of this platform?
[A] UNITE Peace
e/
[B] UNITE Aware
[C] UNITE X
[D] UNITE World
t.m
Answer: UNITE Aware

External Affairs Minister (EAM), S Jaishankar, announced the rollout of “UNITE Aware” tech to
help protect UN peacekeepers.
He made this announcement at the UN headquarters in New York while he was chairing UN
Security Council open debate on “Technology and Peacekeeping”.
//
He noted that, UN peacekeeping missions continue to operate in challenging situations involving

terrorists, armed groups and non-state actors. Because of nature of peacekeeping has become
s:
more complex, it is significant that capabilities are in pace to secure the peace keepers.
He highlighted that, 21st-century peacekeeping must be anchored in a strong ecosystem
comprising of technology and innovation in order to facilitate UN peacekeeping operations.
tp
He announced India’s support to UN in roll out of UNITE AWARE.

UNITE AWARE is a mobile tech platform developed by India to provide terrain-related information
to the UN peacekeepers so as to ensure their safety. It is being developed in partnership with the
ht
UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Department of Operational Support. India has
spent 1.64 million USD for this project.
47. Recently, which organization has launched a brand new ed-tech initiative for 1 million
underprivileged school-going youngsters throughout India?
[A] GiveIndia
[B] Goonj
[C] Save the Children India

[D] Teach For India
Answer: GiveIndia
Bengaluru-based GiveIndia has launched a brand new ed-tech initiative geared toward enabling
on-line entry to schooling for 1 million underprivileged school-going youngsters throughout India.
The Bharat EdTech Initiative has been arrange to deal with the stark digital divide between college
students from rich and low-income communities, exacerbated by college closures through the
Covid-19 pandemic.
With EdTech and Community companions El-Mindspark, Toppr, Vedantu, Akansha, Bal Utsav,
e
Educate Girls, People For Action, Saajha and Sarathi on board, this system is designed for varsity
goers from courses 3 to 12, belonging to households whose month-to-month earnings is ₹25,000
re
or much less.
GiveIndia will handle accomplice relationships and fund administration whereas Sattva would be
the design and program administration accomplice.
cf
48. Which organization has launched three online applications to enable users to easily purchase
and download products related to geospatial mapping online?
ps
[A] Department of Biotechnology
[B] Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
[C] DRDO
[D] Department of Science and Technology tn
Answer: Department of Science and Technology
The Department of Science and Technology (DST) has launched three online applications to
enable users to easily purchase and download products related to geospatial mapping online.
e/
The three applications launched are – Survey of India (SOI) GEO Spatial Data Dissemination
Portal, SOI's SARTHI: WEB GIS application, and MANCHITRAN Enterprise Geoportal of National
Atlas & Thematic Mapping Organisation (NATMO) – comes after the government unveiled a new
t.m
geospatial policy in February, erasing all regulations on surveying and mapping.
49. With which organization, the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) is collaborating
for pavement engineering and intelligent transportation systems?
[A] IIT Madras
//
[B] IIT Delhi

[C] IIT Gandhinagar
s:
[D] IIT Bombay

Answer: IIT Madras
IIT Madras is collaborating with the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH),
tp
Government of India, on pavement engineering and intelligent transportation systems.

This includes research on novel pavement materials and technologies, hydrogen cell
transportation, automatic vehicle classification, novel toll systems, incident management
ht
systems, traveller information systems, FastTAG data analytics and traffic simulations besides
transportation safety.
This collaboration will also facilitate PhD research programmes on areas selected by MoRTH.
IIT Madras will train 8 to 10 students including MoRTH’s nominated officers in the field of
Highway Engineering.
50. With which bank, ICICI Bank have cut the first swaption deals?
[A] HSBC Bank

[B] Standard Chartered Bank
[C] Citibank
[D] Both A & B
Answer: Both A & B
ICICI Bank, HSBC and Standard Chartered Bank have cut the first swaption deals, giving new risk
management tools to borrowers in rapidly changing interest rate scenarios.
The ‘swaption’ interest-rate derivative product helps both local borrowers and investors to rein in
funding costs in a rising rate scenario and retain investment returns in a falling rate scenario.
e
A swaption contract gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to enter into an interest-rate
swap deal.
re
51. Which date in August is observed as World Humanitarian Day?
[A] 19 August
cf
[B] 20 August
[C] 18 August
[D] 17 August
ps
Answer: 19 August
The United Nations marks August 19 as World Humanitarian Day to honour the sacrifices of all
those who choose to serve humanity against all odds.
Theme for 2021 WHD: #TheHumanRace: a global challenge for climate action in solidarity with
tn
people who need it the most.
It was commemorated for the first time on 19 August 2009, after it was formally recognised by the
United Nations General Assembly in 2009.
e/
52. From which State/UT, a rare orchid species has been found for the first time in India?
[A] Himachal Pradesh
[B] Ladakh
t.m
[C] Jammu & Kashmir

[D] Uttarakhand
Answer: Uttarakhand
A rare orchid species -- Cephalanthera erecta var. oblanceolata-- has been found for the first time
in India in Uttarakhand’s Chamoli district at an altitude of 1870 metres.
//
A research paper on the new addition to Indian flora has been published in Nelumbo, the six-
monthly journal of BSI and volumes listing the orchid species of India will soon be updated.
s:
53. Who has been elected as the new president of Institute of Economic Growth (IEG) Society?
[A] Dr Manmohan Singh
[B] Amitabh Kant
tp
[C] Ajay Tyagi

[D] NK Singh
Answer: NK Singh
ht
Chairman of 15th Finance Commission, NK Singh, has been elected as the new president of
Institute of Economic Growth (IEG) Society.
He succeeded former Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh who was the President of IEG since
1992.
His name was recommended by Dr Manmohan Singh for the consideration of the IEG’s general
assembly. Dr Manmohan Singh stepped down from this position for health concerns.
It is an autonomous, multidisciplinary centre that is used for advanced research and training. It

was founded by VKRV Rao in 1952, but became operational in 1958. It is located at University
Enclave of University of Delhi, New Delhi.
54. Recently, who has become the first Indian to receive Congressional Gold Medal?
[A] Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
[B] Mahatma Gandhi
[C] Bhagat Singh
[D] B. R. Ambedkar
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi
e
New York Congresswoman Caroline Maloney re-introduced legislation in the U.S. House of
Representatives to posthumously award the Congressional Gold Medal to Mahatma Gandhi.
re
He has been awarded for his contributions made through his methods of non-violence.
He would become the first Indian to receive the Congressional Gold Medal, which is the highest
cf
civilian award in the US.
55. In which place did The Indian mixed 4x400m relay team in the final’s of World Athletics U20
ps
Championships?
[A] First
[B] Fourth
[C] Third tn
[D] Fourth
Answer: Third
The Indian mixed 4x400m relay team has won a bronze to clinch the country's fifth medal in the
e/
history of World Athletics U20 Championships in Nairobi.
The Indian quartet of Bharath S, Priya Mohan, Summy and Kapil clocked 3:20.60 seconds to finish
third in the final. Nigeria and Poland won the gold and silver medals with timings of 3:19.70s and
t.m
3:19.80s respectively.
India had entered the final as the second best team overall with a championship record timing of
3:23.36s in the heat races held in the morning.
56. Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually inaugurated and laid foundation stone of multiple
//
projects in Somnath Temple. In which State/UT, Somnath Temple is located?

[A] Odisha
[B] Uttar Pradesh
s:
[C] Uttarakhand
[D] Gujarat
Answer: Gujarat
tp
Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually inaugurated and laid foundation stone of multiple projects
in Somnath Temple on August 20.
Inaugurated projects include the Somnath Promenade, reconstructed temple precinct of Old
ht
(Juna) Somnath and Somnath Exhibition Centre.

While inaugurating the projects, PM highlighted that, India needs to strengthen religious tourism
as it will provide employment to youth and enable them to get knowledge about our past.
Prime Minister also laid the foundation stone for Shree Parvati Temple on the occasion.
This temple is proposed to be constructed with a total outlay of Rupees 30 crore.
Somnath temple is situated in Veraval (Somnath City), Saurashtra on the western coast of Gujarat.
57. In partnership with whom the 5th edition of the Defence India Start-up Challenge was launched

by Defence ministry?
[A] Atal Innovation Mission
[B] Digital India
[C] Startup India
[D] Atal Tinkering Labs
Answer: Atal Innovation Mission
Defence Minister of India, Rajnath Singh, launched the 5th edition of the Defence India Start-up
Challenge (DISC) on August 19, 2021.
e
DISC was launched under Innovations for Defence Excellence – Defence Innovation Organisation
(iDEX-DIO).
re
This challenge is meant to achieve self-reliance and foster innovation and technology
development across the defence and aerospace sectors.
This challenge was launched by Ministry in partnership with Atal Innovation Mission.
cf
It was launched with the aim of providing support to Startups, MSMEs and Innovators to create
prototypes or commercialize products and solutions in the fields of National Defence and
Security.
ps
58. Recently, UPI payments have been made available in which country by NPCI International
Payments Ltd (NIPL), the international arm of the National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI)?
[A] Japan tn
[B] United Arab Emirates
[C] Israel
[D] Qatar
e/
Answer: United Arab Emirates
NPCI International Payments Ltd (NIPL), the international arm of the National Payment
Corporation of India (NPCI) has partnered with Mashreq, one of the leading financial institutions
t.m
in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), to offer acceptance of the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) in
the UAE.
UPI is an instant real-time payment system developed by NPCI facilitating inter-bank transactions.
The strategic tie-up between the two entities will provide a considerable boost to the digital
payment ecosystem in the UAE and will prove to be a major stepping stone for the wider reach of
//
UPI in the international markets.

59. Which date in August is observed as Sadbhavana Diwas?
s:
[A] August 21
[B] August 18
[C] August 20
tp
[D] August 17
Answer: August 20
Every year on August 20, India celebrates Sadbhavana Diwas to commemorate the birthday of the
ht
late former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi.

This year, August 20, 2021, the country celebrated the 77th birthday of former Prime Minister Rajiv
Gandhi.
The Indian National Congress instituted Rajiv Gandhi Sadbhavana Award in 1992, a year after his
death.
60. Which organization has launched Urja, an AI enabled virtual assistant?
[A] Hindustan Petroleum

[B] NTPC Limited
[C] Power Grid Corporation of India
[D] Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
Answer: Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), has launched Urja, a virtual assistant with AI/NLP
(Artificial Intelligence/Natural Language Processing) capabilities and trained on more than 600
use cases.
In an effort to make BPCL's customer interface complete and digitally integrated, Urja, the chabot
e
is now available on the company's website for any questions.
Urja speaks in 13 languages (English, Hindi, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu, Marathi, Gujarati,
re
Oriya, Bengali, Punjabi, Urdu and Assamese).
61. With which organization, US Agency for International Development (USAID) and the US
cf
International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) have partnered to support MSMEs in India?
[A] Small Industries Development Bank of India
[B] State Bank of India
ps
[C] Kotak Mahindra Bank
[D] Bandhan Bank
Answer: Kotak Mahindra Bank
The US Agency for International Development (USAID) and the US International Development
tn
Finance Corporation (DFC) have partnered to sponsor a $50 million loan portfolio guarantee to
Kotak Mahindra Bank to support increased financial access to women borrowers, and micro, small
and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India.
e/
This partnership will help MSMEs impacted by the pandemic to easily access loans to rebuild and
scale up their businesses.
Under the program, Kotak Mahindra Bank will provide loans to Non-Banking Financial Companies
t.m
(NBFCs) operating in the MSME and Microfinance (MFI) space.

62. India’s Manika Batra and G Sathiyan have won the mixed doubles title at World Table Tennis
Tour Contender 2021. Which city is the host of this tournament?
[A] Sydney
[B] Paris
//
[C] London
[D] Budapest
s:
Answer: Budapest
India’s Manika Batra and G Sathiyan outplayed Hungary’s Dora Madarasz and Nandor Ecseki 3-1
to win the mixed doubles title at the World Table Tennis Tour Contender Budapest 2021 table
tp
tennis tournament on August 20, 2021.

Budapest, Hungary is the host of this tournament.
63. Recently, Ismail Sabri Yaakob has been appointed as the prime minister of which country?
ht
[A] Cambodia
[B] Laos
[C] Philippines
[D] Malaysia
Answer: Malaysia
King of Malaysia has appointed Ismail Sabri Yaakob as the prime minister of the country on
August 20, 2021.

Ismail Sabri Yaakob replaced Muhyiddin Yassin as Prime Minister.
Yassin stepped down as he lost the majority in parliament as he failed to effectively manage
public health system.
Ismail Sabri was earlier Muhyiddin’s deputy who has now taken over amid surge in Covid-19
infections and economic slowdown.
Ismail Sabri secured majority support of 114 out of 222 members in Parliament.
64. Recently, the Municipal Corporation of which city has been declared as “Water Plus” city?
[A] Hyderabad
e
[B] Visakhapatnam
[C] Gangtok
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[D] Bhubaneswar
Answer: Visakhapatnam
cf
Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation (GVMC) has been declared as “Water Plus” city.
The civic body has received the ‘Water Plus’ certification from Ministry of Housing and Urban
Affairs (MoHUA) under Swachh Bharat Mission and Swachh Survekshan Assessment.
ps
Along with Visakhapatnam, Tirupathi Municipal Corporation and Vijayawada Municipal
Corporation (VMC) has also received the tag.
Water plus certification is the next stage of ODF ++ given for liquid waste management.
As per the tag, GVMC is treating waste water to satisfactory level before releasing it to the
tn
environment.
Indore was declared as India's first 'water plus' city.
e/
65. Recently, which bank has opened an ATM on a Houseboat at Dal Lake, Srinagar?
[A] Bank of Baroda
[B] Punjab National Bank
[C] State Bank of India
t.m
[D] Indian Bank

Answer: State Bank of India
State Bank of India (SBI) has opened an ATM on a Houseboat at Dal Lake, Srinagar for the
convenience of locals and tourists.
The floating ATM was inaugurated by the SBI Chairman Dinesh Khare.
//
SBI had launched the first floating ATM in Kerala in 2004.

This floating ATM of SBI was installed in Jhankar yacht owned by Kerala Shipping and Inland
s:
Navigation Corporation (KSINC).

66. Which ministry has launched the Ubharte Sitaare scheme?
[A] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
tp
[B] Ministry of Finance

[C] Ministry of Corporate Affairs
ht
[D] Ministry of Labour and Employment

Answer: Ministry of Finance
Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman has launched the “Ubharte Sitaare" scheme to help micro,
small and medium enterprises (MSMEs).
Under the scheme, an identified company is supported even if it is currently underperforming or
may be unable to tap its latent potential to grow.
The programme diagnoses such challenges and provides support through a mix of structured
support covering equity, debt and technical assistance.

The objectives of the programme are to enhance India’s competitiveness in select sectors through
finance and extensive handholding support.
Identify and nurture companies having differentiated technology, products or processes, and
enhance their export business.
Assist units with export potential, which are unable to scale up their operations for want of
finance.
Identify and mitigate challenges faced by successful companies which hinder their exports.
Assist existing exporters in widening their basket of products and target new markets through a
e
strategic and structured export market development initiative.
re
67. Which organization has become the first rail operator in India to join TradeLens?
[A] Arshyia Rail Infrastructure Ltd
[B] Gati Ltd
cf
[C] Container Corporation of India Ltd
[D] GatewayRail
Answer: GatewayRail
ps
Intermodal logistics service provider GatewayRail has joined hands with blockchain-enabled
digital container logistics platform TradeLens.
TradeLens will help it in its digitalization journey.
Developed jointly by AP Moller-Maersk and IBM, TradeLens was launched to help modernize the
tn
world’s supply chain ecosystems with a special focus on containerized freight and logistics.
TradeLens brings together data from the entire global supply chain ecosystem. This data allows
TradeLens and its network partners to modernize manual and paper-based documents by
e/
replacing them with blockchain-enabled digital solutions.
It also allows the network partners to provide their customers with deeper visibility into the entire
journey for their cargo from origin to destination.
t.m
GatewayRail has become the first rail operator in India to join TradeLens.
68. Recently, former chief minister Kalyan Singh has passed away. He was the chief minister of
which state?
[A] Haryana
[B] Rajasthan
//
[C] Uttar Pradesh

[D] Madhya Pradesh
s:
Answer: Uttar Pradesh

Former Uttar Pradesh chief minister and former Rajasthan Governor Kalyan Singh passed away in
Lucknow at the age of 89 on August 21, 2021.
tp
Kalyan Singh became the chief minister of the state for the first time in 1991.
He was at the helm of the affairs in the state when the Babri masjid was demolished in 1992.
He was CM from 24 June 1991 – 6 December 1992 and from 21 September 1997 – 12 November
ht
1999.
69. In which city, India’s first smog tower has been inaugurated?
[A] Kolkata
[B] Mumbai
[C] Delhi
[D] Bengaluru
Answer: Delhi

Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal has inaugurated India’s first smog tower in Delhi’s Connaught Place
that will purify 1,000 cubic metres of air per second within a radius of around 1 km.
If the pilot project is successful, more smog towers will be installed in the national capital.
The tower constitutes a pilot study to assess the reduction of particulate air pollution in urban
areas through ‘air cleaning.’
The two-year-long pilot study will be carried out by IIT Delhi and IIT Bombay. The two institutions
are technical advisors for the project.
70. In which state/UT, the cabinet has approved two credit-linked schemes for the agro-based
e
sectors?
[A] Assam
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[B] Kerala
[C] Arunachal Pradesh
cf
[D] Ladakh
Answer: Arunachal Pradesh
The Arunachal Pradesh cabinet has approved two credit-linked schemes, which will facilitate Rs
ps
300 crore investments in the agro-based sectors.
The state government has earmarked Rs 60 crore of subsidies each for Atma Nirbhar Krishi
Yojana for agriculture and Atma Nirbhar Bagwani Yojana for horticulture during the fiscal year
2021-22. tn
The credit-linked programmes will have three components – bank loans, subsidy and
beneficiaries’ contribution.
The schemes will be available for cultivators, self-help groups and farmer producer organisations
e/
(FPOs).
71. Recently, with which country, India has inked a deal to procure assault rifles for the Indian
Army?
t.m
[A] Israel
[B] Russia
[C] United States
[D] Canada
Answer: Russia
//
As part of mega infantry modernisation programme, India is procuring a sizable number of AK-103
series of assault rifles for the Indian Army from Russia.
s:
A deal has been finalised under the provisions of emergency procurement.

The rifles are being procured under the emergency financial powers granted to the three services
to make urgent purchases
tp
72. Which organization has released a report which states that children in India are at extreme high
risk of impacts of climate crisis?
[A] UNICEF
ht
[B] Save the Children

[C] World Health Organization
[D] Children International
Answer: UNICEF
According to a new report by UNICEF, Children in India are at extreme high risk of impacts of
climate crisis.
As per report, India is among four South Asian countries where children are most at risk.

Climate change threatens their health, education, and protection.
Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan and India are the four South Asian countries where children
are at extremely high risk.
Pakistan was ranked at 14th position, Bangladesh at 15th, Afghanistan at 25th while India at 26th.
Nepal is ranked at 51st, Sri Lanka 61st, while Bhutan is ranked 111th.
About 1 billion children live in 33 countries that are classified as ‘extremely high-risk’.
More than 600 million Indians will face ‘acute water shortages’ in upcoming years.
At the same time, flash flooding will increase significantly in India’s urban areas once the global
e
temperature increases to 2° Celsius. Further, twenty-one of world’s 30 cities with the most
polluted air were in India in 2020.
re
These findings were published in UNICEF’s report titled: “’The Climate Crisis Is a Child Rights
Crisis: Introducing the Children’s Climate Risk Index” (CCRI). CCRI is the first focussed report on
children by UNICEF.
cf
73. Who has won the silver medal in the 10,000m race walk at World U-20 Athletics in Nairobi?
[A] Gurpreet Singh
ps
[B] Rahul Rohilla
[C] Sandeep Kumar
[D] Amit Khatri
Answer: Amit Khatri tn
Amit Khatri has won a silver medal in men’s 10,000m race walk event to clinch in Nairobi.
The 17-year-old Khatri clocked 42 minute 17.94 seconds to finish second behind Kenya’s
Heristone Wanyoni (42:10.84).
e/
The mixed 4x400m relay team had won a bronze on the first day of competitions on August 18.
74. Recently, which State/UT has launched COVID-19 Affected Livelihood Support Scheme to
provide assistance to those who had been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic?
t.m
[A] Manipur
[B] Puducherry
[C] Maharashtra
[D] Odisha
Answer: Manipur
//
Manipur Chief Minister N Biren Singh has launched COVID-19 Affected Livelihood Support Scheme
to provide assistance to those who had been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the
s:
State.
The distribution of a total amount of Rs 1.56 crore to 6,276 beneficiaries of the scheme at the rate
of Rs 2500 per beneficiary marked the launch function.
tp
A total of 22,336 applications were received so far including 13,651 from street vendors, 4,890
from transport drivers, 3,680 from van drivers and 145 artists.
Out of the applications received, 7,943 had been verified and the first instalment of Rs 2500 each
ht
was distributed to 6,276 applicants. The total amount was around Rs 1.56 crore.
75. India has pitched indigenously built fighter aircraft, anti-tank missiles at ‘ARMY- 2021.’ In which
country ARMY-2021 is being held?
[A] India
[B] Russia
[C] Israel
[D] United States of America

Answer: Russia
India has pitched its indigenously built fighter aircraft LCA Tejas, Anti-Tank Guided Missiles, Arjun
Main Battle Tank (MK1A) at the International Military-Technical Forum “ARMY-2021” which is
being held in the Moscow region.
DRDO is participating in the International Military-Technical Forum "ARMY-2021" at Kubinka,
Moscow from August 22-28.
DRDO is the part of India's pavilion where advanced defence technologies and systems will be
displayed along with Indian Defence Industries namely Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL), Ordnance
e
Factories and Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML) etc.
76. Recently, which organization has launched 34 satellites?
re
[A] ISRO
[B] Space X
cf
[C] NASA
[D] OneWeb
Answer: OneWeb
ps
Bharti Group-backed OneWeb, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications company has
confirmed the launch of 34 satellites by Arianespace from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
The launch follows the successful completion of OneWeb’s ‘Five to 50’ mission.
This launch brings OneWeb’s total in-orbit constellation to 288 satellites.
tn
These will form part of OneWeb’s 648 LEO satellite fleet that will deliver high-speed, low-latency
global connectivity.
77. Which city’s Municipal Corporation has launched the Every Sunday at 10 AM for 10 mnts
e/
campaign?
[A] Hyderabad
[B] Kolkata
t.m
[C] Visakhapatnam
[D] Bengaluru
Answer: Hyderabad
The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation -GHMC has taken up a novel initiative to get rid of
diseases like Malaria and Dengue, implementing ‘Every Sunday at 10 AM for 10 mnts campaign.’
//
Hyderabad Mayor G Vijayalakshmi formally launched the campaign by destroying all mosquito
breeding sources at her camp office.
s:
She has urged people to spend 10 minutes every Sunday to destroy mosquito breeding sources
and eradicate these diseases.
The campaign will continue for ten weeks.
tp
78. With which organization, Department of Biotechnology has collaborated to study the impact of
severe COVID-19 conditions on TB patients?
[A] BRICS
ht
[B] G20
[C] G7
[D] BIMSTEC
Answer: BRICS
Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, in collaboration with BRICS
countries is implementing SARS-CoV-2 NGS-BRICS consortium and multi centric programme to
study the impact of severe COVID-19 conditions on TB patients.

The SARS-CoV-2 NGS-BRICS consortium will advance COVID-19 health-relevant knowledge and
contribute to improvements in health outcomes.
79. With which country, India has agreed to form a permanent bilateral channel for consultations on
Afghanistan?
[A] Russia
[B] Iran
[C] United States of America
[D] United Kingdom
e
Answer: Russia
India and Russia has agreed to form a permanent bilateral channel for consultations on
re
Afghanistan.
India, Russia and Iran were previously the main backers of an anti-Taliban alliance when the
Islamist group was last in power in Kabul between 1996-2001.
cf
80. Which organization has developed India's first mRNA-based Covid-19 that has been granted
ps
approval for Phase 2/3 clinical trials?
[A] Zydus Cadila
[B] Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd
[C] Serum Institute of India tn
[D] Bharat Biotech
Answer: Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd
India's first mRNA-based Covid-19 vaccine candidate HGCO19 by Pune-based biotechnology
e/
company Gennova Biopharmaceuticals Ltd has been granted approval for Phase 2/3 clinical trials.
Gennova's mRNA-based Covid -19 vaccine development programme was partly funded by the DBT
under Ind CEPI in June 2020.
t.m
DBT further supported the programme under 'Mission Covid Suraksha ndash; The Indian Covid -19
Vaccine Development Mission', implemented by BIRAC.
81. Recently, with which country India has conducted naval exercise in the South China Sea?
[A] Philippines
[B] Malaysia
//
[C] Thailand
[D] Indonesia
s:
Answer: Philippines
India on August 23, 2021 carried out a naval exercise with the Philippines in the South China Sea.
The Philippines government refers to the eastern parts of the South China Sea as the West
tp
Philippine Sea.
Two Indian warships, INS Ranvijay, Guided Missile Destroyer, D55 and INS Kora, Guided Missile
Corvette, P61, on deployment to the Western Pacific participated in the exercise with BRP Antonio
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Luna, Frigate, FF 151 of the Philippine Navy in the West Philippine Sea.
82. Which organization has released the report ‘Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021’ which
states that the pandemic is threatening Asia and the Pacific’s progress?
[A] World Bank
[B] Asian Development Bank
[C] International Monetary Fund
[D] United Nations Development Programme

Answer: Asian Development Bank
The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed an estimated 75 million to 80 million more people in
developing Asia into extreme poverty as of last year compared with what would have happened
without COVID-19, according to a new report by the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
The ‘Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021’ says the pandemic is threatening Asia and the
Pacific’s progress toward critical targets under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Progress has also stalled in areas such as hunger, health and education where earlier
achievements across the region had been significant.
e
83. Which organization has made a natural gas discovery in a block in Gujarat?
re
[A] Reliance Petroleum
[B] Vedanta
cf
[C] Indian Oil Corporation
[D] Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
Answer: Vedanta
ps
Vedanta has made a natural gas discovery in a block in Gujarat that it had won in the open
acreage licensing policy (OALP) round.
It had notified the DGH and Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas of a gas and condensate
discovery [named ‘Jaya’] in its exploratory well Jaya1. tn
It was drilled in OALP Block in Bharuch District of Gujarat.
84. Which organization has released a report titled 'Cloud Skills: Powering India's Digital DNA?'
[A] NASSCOM
e/
[B] ASSOCHAM
[C] Data Security Council of India
[D] Internet and Mobile Association of India
t.m
Answer: NASSCOM
In association with Draup, NASSCOM (National Association of Software and Service Companies)
has said in a report that India currently ranks third globally with an installed talent pool of 608,000
(FY2021) cloud professionals.
India can become the world's second largest cloud talent hub.
//
By the year 2025, India would have an estimated 1.4-1.5 million cloud professionals.
This report is titled 'Cloud Skills: Powering India's Digital DNA'.
s:
85. Which city has been named as the world’s safest city from among 60 global cities, in Safe Cities
Index 2021?
[A] Tokyo
tp
[B] Sydney
[C] Hong Kong
[D] Copenhagen
ht
Answer: Copenhagen
Denmark’s capital city, Copenhagen, has been named as the world’s safest city from among 60
global cities, in Safe Cities Index 2021, released by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU).
Copenhagen scored 82.4 out of 100, leading the fourth edition of the biennial EIU index, which
measures urban safety.
Yangon is at the bottom of the index with a score of 39.5.
New Delhi is placed at 48th position with a score of 56.1, while Mumbai is at 50th place with a

score of 54.4.
The EIU’s Safe Cities Index is a global, policy bench-marking tool developed to measure global
urban safety.
The Index was first released in the year 2015.
In 2021, cities are ranked based on 76 indicators of security across five broad pillars, which are
digital, health, infrastructure, personal and environmental.
86. Which country has conducted a successful test flight of Fatah-1 guided multi-launch rocket
system?
e
[A] Iran
[B] Pakistan
re
[C] UAE
[D] Qatar
Answer: Pakistan
cf
Pakistan conducted a successful test flight of Fatah-1.
Fatah-1 is a Pakistan-made guided multi-launch rocket system.
ps
It is capable of delivering conventional warheads up to a range of 140 kilometres.
87. Which organization has launched India’s first sectoral index ‘GUAREX’ in the Agri commodities
basket?
[A] NABARD tn
[B] Multi Commodity Exchange
[C] National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange Limited
[D] National Multi-Commodity Exchange of India Limited
e/
Answer: National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange Limited
India’s first sectoral index in the Agri commodities basket i.e. GUAREX was launched this Monday
by the National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange Limited (NCDEX).
t.m
GUAREX is a price based sectoral index which tracks the movement in the futures contracts of
guar gum refined splits and guar seed on a real-time basis.
This index product will offer a lot of opportunities to value chain participants in terms of risk
management as well as various trading strategies.
//
88. Which space agency has planned to bring back soil from the Martian Moon ‘Phobos’ in the year
2029?
[A] Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
s:
[B] Roscosmos
[C] Indian Space Research Organisation
[D] China National Space Administration
tp
Answer: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans to launch an explorer 2024 which will land
on ‘Phobos’ the Martian Moon in order to collect 10 grams of soil and bring it back to Earth in
ht
2029.
The scientists from JAXA believe that 0.1% of the surface soil on Phobos came from Mars.
Collecting the samples from multiple locations on the Martian moon can provide a greater chance
of obtaining the possible traces of life from Mars than obtaining the soil from a single location on
Mars.
89. What is the name of the force comprising of 32 female staff that has been constituted to combat
Naxalism in the Sukma district?

[A] Rani of Jhansi Regiment
[B] The Winners
[C] Durga Fighter
[D] None of the above
Answer: Durga Fighter
A 'Durga Fighter' force comprising 32 female staff has been constituted to combat Naxalism in
the Naxal-affected Sukma district.
The idea behind an all-women force is to promote gender equality.
e
They will be trained for commando duty for a month.
Asha Sen will be the captain of Durga Fighter.
re
90. Under EASE3.0, which bank has won the award for the best improvement from the baseline
performance?
[A] Canara Bank
cf
[B] Punjab National Bank
[C] Indian Bank
ps
[D] Union Bank of India
Answer: Indian Bank
Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs Nirmala Sitharaman today unveiled the fourth
edition of the Public Sector Bank (PSB) Reforms Agenda ‘EASE 4.0’ for 2021-22 – tech-enabled,
tn
simplified, and collaborative banking.
She unveiled the annual report for the PSB Reforms Agenda EASE 3.0 for 2020-21 and participated
in the awards ceremony to felicitate best performing banks on EASE 3.0 Banking Reforms Index.
e/
State Bank of India, Bank of Baroda and Union Bank of India have won the awards for best
performing banks for PSB Reforms EASE 3.0 based on the EASE index.
Indian Bank won the award for the best improvement from the baseline performance.
t.m
SBI, BoB, Union Bank of India, Punjab National Bank and Canara Bank won the top awards in
different themes of the PSB Reforms Agenda EASE 3.0.
91. With which country’s accountancy organization, Institute of Chartered Accountants of India has
partnered to strengthen cooperation in matters of accountancy profession?
[A] Russia
//
[B] Japan
[C] Australia
s:
[D] France
Answer: Russia
The Union Cabinet on August 25, 2021 approved signing of a pact between the Institute of
tp
Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) and the Institute of Professional Accountants of Russia
(IPAR) to strengthen cooperation in matters of accountancy profession.
The pact would help in establishing mutual co-operation in the areas of professional accountancy
ht
training, professional ethics, technical research and advancement of accounting knowledge,

professional and intellectual development.
92. What is the name of the programme which has been launched by the Minister of Electronics and
Information Technology to support startups in their initial phase?
[A] ASPIRE
[B] SAMRIDH
[C] Startup India Seed Fund

[D] Multiplier Grants Scheme
Answer: SAMRIDH
Minister of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) Ashwini Vaishnaw has launched
Startup Accelerators of MeitY for Product Innovation, Development and growth (SAMRIDH)
programme to support startups and entrepreneurs in their initial phase, where they face most
challenges.
SAMRIDH will create a conducive platform for Indian software product startups to enhance their
products and secure investments for scaling their business.
e
The programme is being implemented by MeitY Start-up Hub (MSH).
The SAMRIDH programme will focus on accelerating 300 startups by providing customer connect,
re
investor connect, and international expansion opportunities in the next three years.
Also, an investment of up to Rs 40 lakh to startups, based on their current valuation and growth
stage will be provided through selected accelerators.
cf
It will also facilitate equal matching investment by the accelerator or investor.
93. Who has been appointed as the next Ambassador of India to Germany?
ps
[A] Manpreet Vohra
[B] Ajay Bisaria
[C] Harish Parvathaneni
[D] Jawed Ashraf tn
Answer: Harish Parvathaneni
Harish Parvathaneni, an Indian Foreign Service officer of the 1990 batch, has been appointed as
the next Ambassador of India to Germany.
e/
He is presently serving as an additional secretary in the MEA's headquarters in Delhi.
94. Which organization has received in-principle approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to
operate as an Account Aggregator?
t.m
[A] Paytm
[B] PayPal
[C] PhonePe
[D] MobiKwik
Answer: PhonePe
//
Walmart-owned PhonePe has received in-principle approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
to operate as an Account Aggregator (AA).
s:
The license permits PhonePe to launch its AA platform that will enable instant exchange of
financial data between the Financial Information Users (FIUs) and Financial Information Providers
(FIPs) with due consent from customers.
tp
Customer financial data is distributed among banks and other institutions, each with different
methods and platforms for accessing information. Account aggregation solves this problem by
compilingdata from multiple accounts under one roof. This can include deposits, investments,
ht
insurance policies, pension schemes, etc.

95. In which state, Ohmium International has started India’s first green hydrogen electrolyser
manufacturing unit?
[A] Kerala
[B] Sikkim
[C] Karnataka
[D] West Bengal

Answer: Karnataka
US-based renewable energy company Ohmium International, through its Indian subsidiary, started
India’s first green hydrogen electrolyser manufacturing unit at Bengaluru, Karnataka.
The unit will manufacture India-made Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) hydrogen electrolyzers.
It has a capacity of manufacturing approximately 0.5 GW per year.
96. Which country took charge as the Chair of Stop TB Partnership Board in 2021?
[A] UK
[B] Australia
e
[C] India
[D] Bangladesh
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Answer: India
India’s Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare Mansukh Mandaviya takes charge as
Chairperson of Stop TB Partnership Board.
cf
The outgoing Chair of Stop TB Board is former Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare Dr
Harsh Vardhan.
ps
Stop TB Partnership Board is recognized as a unique international body in the world to fight
against Tuberculosis.
India has committed to end Tuberculosis in the country by 2025.
97. Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP) is the initiative of which institution?
tn
[A] NITI Aayog
[B] UN Women
[C] Women and Child Development Ministry
e/
[D] NASSCOM
Answer: NITI Aayog
The NITI Aayog and the US-based tech giant Cisco launched the next phase of the Women
t.m
Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP).

The next phase has been titled 'WEP Nxt', and it will leverage Cisco's technology and experience,
to enable more women-owned businesses across the country.
The platform was formally launched on 8 March 2018 by NITI Aayog.
WEP has more than 30 partners from various industries and sectors
//
98. What is ‘Vigraha’, with respect to Indian Coast Guard (ICG)?

[A] Offshore Patrol Vessel
s:
[B] Submarine
[C] Destroyer
[D] Interceptor Boat
tp
Answer: Offshore Patrol Vessel

Indian Coast Guard (ICG) Ship Vigraha, is the seventh in the series of Offshore Patrol Vessels
(OPVs).
ht
It is set to be commissioned by the Union Defence minister Rajnath Singh in Chennai on August
28, 2021.
The ship will be based in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh and operate on the eastern seaboard
under the Operational and Administrative Control of the Commander, Coast Guard Region (East).
The vessel has been designed and built indigenously by Larsen & Toubro Ship Building Limited.
99. Which Indian state has undertaken a Biodiversity conservation project, with the support of the
French development agency ‘AFD’?

[A] Karnataka
[B] Andhra Pradesh
[C] Rajasthan
[D] Tamil Nadu
Answer: Rajasthan
Rajasthan has undertaken a biodiversity conservation project in eastern districts of the state, with
the support of the French development agency Agence Francaise de Developpement (AFD).
The Rajasthan Forestry and Bio development Project planned had already received the approval of
e
the state government.
It aims to promote eco-tourism and other sustainable income generation activities in the target
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villages with assistance to nearly 1200 self-help groups.
A biodiversity park is also proposed to be developed in Bharatpur as part of the project.
cf
100. “Snowfield Duty-2021” is a military exercise conducted by which country?
[A] USA
[B] India
ps
[C] China
[D] Pakistan
Answer: China
Recently, People's Liberation Army's (PLA) of China has conducted large-scale joint exercises in
tn
the Tibetan Plateau region.
Since the exercises were conducted in high altitudes at an elevation of more than 4,500 meters, it
has been named "Snowfield Duty-2021"
e/
During the drill, multidimensional tactics have been reportedly exercised with an objective of
target elimination.
These exercises were conducted by China, amidst the ongoing tension between India and China in
t.m
the region.
101. India’s first Green Hydrogen Plant is set to come up in which place?
[A] Mumbai
[B] Chennai
[C] Mathura
//
[D] Digboi
Answer: Mathura
s:
The state-owned PSU and oil major IOCL is set to build the country’s first green hydrogen plant at
Mathura.
Due to the proximity of Mathura to Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ), the place has been selected for this
tp
purpose.
This project is set to introduce Green Hydrogen in the oil and gas sector in the country.
ht
102. Which country has assumed the presidency of G20 for the year 2021?
[A] India
[B] USA
[C] Italy
[D] Sri Lanka
Answer: Italy
Italy has assumed the Presidency of the G20, an intergovernmental forum, for the year 2021.
Recently, the G20 Ministerial Conference on Women’s Empowerment was organized for the first

time, at Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy.
India was represented by the Union Minister of Women and Child Development Smt Smriti Irani.
The Minister spoke about India’s commitment towards addressing gender related issues.
103. How many countries are participating in Malabar 21 Naval Exercise?
[A] Two
[B] Four
[C] Six
[D] Ten
e
Answer: Four
The naval forces of India, USA, Japan and Australia (QUAD) would be participating in the Malabar
re
21 naval exercises.
These four countries have been a part of the Malabar exercise since 2020.
cf
This year’s Malabar exercise is held at Pacific island Guam.
This year’s exercise aims to enhance the interoperability amongst navies and develop common
understanding and SOPs in maritime security.
ps
104. Sathiyan Gnanasekaran, who was seen in the news recently, is associated with which sports?
[A] Tennis
[B] Table Tennis
[C] Badminton tn
[D] Boxing
Answer: Table Tennis
Star Indian paddler (Table Tennis player) Sathiyan Gnanasekaran won 4-0 in the summit clash to
e/
claim the men's singles title at the ITTF Czech International Open.
The 28-year-old, top seeded Indian player has been ranked 39 in the world.
Last week, he had paired up with compatriot Manika Batra to win the mixed doubles title at the
t.m
WTT Contender in Budapest.

105. BH-series, which was making news recently, is associated with which sector?
[A] Textile
[B] Automobile
//
[C] Artificial Intelligence

[D] Financial Inclusion
Answer: Automobile
s:
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has introduced a new registration mark for new vehicles
named "Bharat series (BH-series)".
A vehicle bearing this registration mark shall not require the assignment of a new registration
tp
mark when the owner of the vehicle shifts from one State to another.
This new registration has been announced to facilitate seamless transfer of vehicles and to cater
ht
to vehicle owners who frequently shift their bases in India.

106. Which country has ruled that the overtime practice of "996" is illegal?
[A] Japan
[B] China
[C] India
[D] Sri Lanka
Answer: China
China's Supreme People's Court has recently announced that the overtime practice of "996",
working 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. six days a week, is illegal.
The policy is regarded as a common practice among many Chinese technology firms.
China's top court and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security published guidelines
and examples on what constituted as overtime work.
China recently announced regulatory crackdown on technology giants, targeting monopolistic
behaviour to consumer rights.
107. What is the name of the first ‘Quantum Computer Simulator Toolkit’ of India?
[A] Bharat SIM
e
[B] QSim
[C] ComSim
re
[D] None of the above
Answer: QSim
cf
The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) launched the country’s first
‘Quantum Computer Simulator (QSim) Toolkit’.
QSim is a first-of-its-kind toolkit to be indigenously developed by IISc Bangalore, IIT Roorkee and
ps
C-DAC.
The tool helps in learning and understanding the practical aspects of programming using
Quantum Computers.
The tool will enable researchers and students to research Quantum Computing in a cost-effective
tn
manner.
108. Which Indian state has announced the “Swarnim Rath Yatra”, to commemorate the Golden
Jubilee Year of Statehood?
e/
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Himachal Pradesh
[C] Madhya Pradesh
t.m
[D] Maharashtra
Answer: Himachal Pradesh
The State Government of Himachal Pradesh is set to organise Swarnim Himachal Rath Yatra to
commemorate the Golden Jubilee Year of Statehood.
The Swaranim Rath Yatra is set to begin from October 2 this year, and would cover different parts
//
of the State and 51 events.

Originally, the Rath Yatra was planned last year but got postponed due to the COVID.
s:
Himachal Pradesh was granted full statehood in 1971. After independence, the hilly territories
were organized as the Chief Commissioner's province of Himachal Pradesh.
It was later made a Union territory. In 1966, hilly areas of Punjab state were merged into Himachal,
tp
before full statehood.

109. Which country has hosted the Middle East Regional Conference, recently?
[A] UAE
ht
[B] Saudi Arabia

[C] Bahrain
[D] Iraq
Answer: Iraq
Iraq has recently hosted a middle east regional conference, which is aimed to ease the tension in
the region.
Iraq, Saudi Arabia have been invited in the meeting, which is co-organized by France.

During the meeting, regional water crisis, war in Yemen and economic conditions of Lebanon are
discussed.
This meeting has assumed significance since Iraq has been playing a neutral mediating role in the
region.
110. S.P. Sethuraman, who was seen in the news, is associated with which sports?
[A] Cricket
[B] Hockey
[C] Chess
e
[D] Tennis
Answer: Chess
re
Indian Grandmaster S.P. Sethuraman won the Barcelona Open chess tournament title here while
compatriot Karthikeyan Murali finished third.
cf
Sethuraman collected 7.5 points from nine rounds and was declared as the winner, on the basis of
a better tie-break score.
Daniil Yuffa of Russia also finished with the same points as the 28-year-old Indian player.
ps
Sethuraman, the top seed, remained unbeaten through the nine rounds, winning six matches and
drawing three.
111. A special citation to journalists of Afghanistan has been awarded by which institution?
[A] UNESCO tn
[B] Pulitzer Prize Board
[C] Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
[D] The Booker Prize Board
e/
Answer: Pulitzer Prize Board
The Pulitzer Prize Board has awarded a special citation to journalists of Afghanistan, which
includes full time journalists, freelance correspondents, interpreters, hosts and drivers.
t.m
This has been announced to recognize their courageous work, amidst the ongoing tensions in
Afghan.
A grant of $1,00,000 has been announced as apart of the citation, which is to be used as an
emergency relief of the journalist individuals and their families.
//
112. Which state has approved a Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy for the year 2021, with a target of 20%
EVs by 2025?
[A] Maharashtra
s:
[B] Tamil Nadu

[C] Odisha
[D] Karnataka
tp
Answer: Odisha
The Government of Odisha has approved a Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy for the year 2021.
The overarching objective of the policy is to achieve 20% Electric vehicle share in the total
ht
registration, by 2025.
Under the policy, it has been proposed to extend financial incentives for units manufacturing EVs
and its components, and also provide interest subvention in loans, waiving of road tax and
registration fees.
113. As per the recent Forbes India report, which city has world's most CCTV cameras in public
places?
[A] London

[B] New Delhi
[C] Melbourne
[D] Dhaka
Answer: New Delhi
As per a recent Forbes India report on the most surveilled cities of the world, Delhi is on the top
with 1,826.6 CCTV cameras per square mile.
Delhi is followed by London with 1,138 CCTV cameras. Chennai secured third place with 609.9
CCTV cameras.
e
As per the report, Mumbai came in 18th with 157.4 CCTV cameras per square mile.
Only three Indian cities feature in the top 20 cities in the report.
re
114. ‘AREAS’ is an initiative associated with which Union Ministry?
cf
[A] Ministry of Power
[B] Ministry of New & Renewable Energy
[C] Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
ps
[D] Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
Answer: Ministry of New & Renewable Energy
The Association of Renewable Energy of States (AREAS) is an initiative of the Ministry of New &
Renewable Energy (MNRE). tn
It was formed as a Society in the year 2014 by MNRE. State Nodal Agencies (SNAs) for renewable
energy (RE) interact and learn from each other’s experiences through this association.
MNRE is the nodal agency at the central level for promotion of grid-connected and off-grid
e/
renewable energy in the country.
The Association of Renewable Energy of States (AREAS) recently celebrated its 7th Foundation
Day.
t.m
115. ‘My Pad My Right’ (MPMR) project, an initiative of NABARD, was launched recently in which
state?
[A] Tamil Nadu
[B] Tripura
[C] Gujarat
//
[D] Uttar Pradesh

Answer: Tripura
s:
Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman launched the ‘My Pad My Right’ (MPMR) project in
Tripura.
The project is an initiative of NABARD and NAB Foundation, to provide better livelihood and
tp
menstrual hygiene to women in rural areas through grants-in-aid, wage support and equipment.
Under the initiative, one sanitary pad making machine, raw materials for two months, wages for 50
days, packaging material with accessories and a five-day training in three phases are provided.
ht
The project aims to help rural women improve menstrual hygiene.

116. ‘Mera Watan Mera Chaman’, is a programme hosted by which Union Ministry?
[A] Ministry of Rural Development
[B] Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
[C] Ministry of Minority Affairs
[D] Ministry of Women and Child Development
Answer: Ministry of Minority Affairs

Ministry of Minority Affairs has organised ‘Mera Watan Mera Chaman’ Mushaira in New Delhi as
part of Amrit Mahotsav of 75th Year of India’s Independence.
During the programme renowned poets from the country recited their poetry and couplets.
The Minority Affairs Ministry has planned organise the “Mera Watan, Mera Chaman” Mushairas
and Kavi Sammelans across the country till 2023.
In all those programmes, renowned as well as emerging poets will give patriotic message of “Ek
Bharat- Shrestha Bharat”.
117. Sampurnanand, who was seen in the news recently, was the former Chief Minister of which
e
state?
[A] Madhya Pradesh
re
[B] Uttar Pradesh
[C] Odisha
cf
[D] Andhra Pradesh
Answer: Uttar Pradesh
President Ram Nath Kovind unveiled the statue of Sampurnanand, former Chief Minister of Uttar
ps
Pradesh, at the U.P. Sainik School in Lucknow.
The concluding ceremony of the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of the Sainik School was held
recently.
Sampuranand was the second Chief Minister of the state of Uttar Pradesh from 1954 to 1960.
tn
Dr. Sampurnanand, a teacher and scholar of Sanskrit and Hindi, succeeded Govind Ballabh Pant
as the Chief Minister.
118. Which space company/agency has launched ants, avocados, robotic arm to Space station?
e/
[A] SpaceX
[B] Virgin Galactic
[C] Blue Origin
t.m
[D] Boeing
Answer: SpaceX
Elon Musk-owned SpaceX has recently sent a shipment of ants, avocados and a robotic arm to the
International Space Station aboard a Falcon rocket.
This was the company's 23rd space delivery for NASA in the last 10 years.
//
The Dragon capsule booster landed successfully on SpaceX's newest ocean platform called 'A
Shortfall of Gravitas'.
s:
The shipment includes more than 4,800 pounds of supplies for the astronauts, including
avocados, lemons, ice cream.
Ants, shrimp and plants have been sent for the 7 astronauts to do experiments on.
tp
119. Which Union Ministry has launched ‘Y Break’ mobile application?

[A] Ministry of Rural Development
[B] Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
ht
[C] Ministry of AYUSH

[D] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Answer: Ministry of AYUSH
Union AYUSH Minister Sarbananda Sonowal has announced a set of activities and campaigns of
Ministry of Ayush to commemorate Azadi ka Amrit Mahaotsav.
The Y-Break mobile application has been developed by MDNIY (Morarji Desai National Institute of
Yoga).

Through this application, yoga and meditation can be done anywhere in just 5 minutes.
The Minister also launched the cultivation campaign of medicinal plants covering 75,000 hectares
of land.
120. Which country has warned of increase in West Nile Virus (WNV) infections?
[A] USA
[B] Russia
[C] China
[D] UK
e
Answer: Russia
Russia warned of a possible increase in West Nile Virus (WNV) infections, as mild temperatures
re
and heavy precipitation create favourable conditions for the mosquitos that carry it.
WNV is an infectious disease spread by infected mosquitoes. It spreads from birds to humans
cf
with the bite of an infected Culex mosquito.
It can lead to a fatal neurological disease in humans.
The virus causes West Nile fever in 20 per cent of cases, according to World Health Organization
ps
(WHO).
It is related to the Zika, dengue and yellow fever viruses.
Note:
tn
The above 120 questions are part of Daily Current Affairs 20 MCQs Series in GKToday’s Academy
Android Application. This series can be subscribed in the app only for Rs. 750/- for entire year.
Download Now.
e/
QR Code to download GKToday Android app
t.m
//
s:
Printed Books
For Printed Books, please visit GKTBOOKS.COM
tp
ht


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Physica Classes | physicaclasses@gmail.com |

Delta Plus variant cases in Maharashtra rises ................................................................................................................................. 22

UNSC calls International Community to Unite on Afghan Crisis ............................................................................................. 24

RBI introduced Financial Inclusion Index ....................................................................................................................................... 26

Tropical Depression Grace over Haiti ............................................................................................................................................. 27

Supreme Court allows women to appear forPhysica NDA Classes | physicaclasses@gmail.com |

DCGI approves ZyCoV-D vaccine for Emergency Use Authorization .................................................................................... 50

Ismail Sabri Yaakob: New Prime Minister of Malaysia ................................................................................................................ 53

WFP report: Hunger spreading in Afghanistan ............................................................................................................................. 55

August 23, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 57

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 3

5th edition of Indo-Kazakhstan Joint Training Exercise ............................................................................................................. 80

LIC launched Mobile App for agents .............................................................................................................................................. 83

August 27, 2021 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 85

Stockholm World Water Week 2021 .............................................................................................................................................. 86

NITI Aayog- WRI launched Forum for Decarbonising Transport .......................................................................................... 89

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 4

Asian Youth Championships: 6 Gold medals for India .............................................................................................................. 110

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August 17, 2021

ECONOMY & CORPORATE

– Malaysia: PM Muhyiddin Yassin resigns after losing majority support in parliament

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Ladakh Plutons to get boost

Deplete the Ozone Layer for phase down of Hydrofluorocarbons

Organization (SCO) Culture Ministers’ meeting hosted by Tajikistan

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 4

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 5

– China allows couples third child amid demographic crisis

– ¬RBI extends tokenization services to Internet of Things (IoT) devices

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 8

– Govt approves extension of terms of three MD-CEOs, 10 EDs of PSU banks

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 9

Mahotsav in New Delhi

Right’, flags off mobile ATM van in Tripura

– Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana completes seven years

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 10

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 12

who rely on diesel-powered irrigation system.

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 13

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 14

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)

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India target to become ‘Energy Independent’ by 2047

and mixing ethanol in petrol.

1. Increasing usage of natural gas in the economy

India’s current achievement

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 16

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 17

Providing nutrition to every poor person India is a priority of the government.

fortified rice with nutrition them.

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 18

treatment to at best available health care facilities.

Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 19

estimated to be around $3 billion.

Palace and Salma Dam.

Badakhshan province in Afghanistan, near to Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. It puts them in a position to

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 21

US President stand by his decision of withdrawing troops from Afghanistan

© 2021 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 22

Militants in Gaza Strip fired rocket at Israel on August 16, 2021.