

 
 

٢٦
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 
 W١
 W‫א‬‫א‬

C2H6 C2H4 + H2

C2H6 + H2 2 CH4

‫א‬EC2H6F‫א‬٪٨٥‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٤٧{١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٠{١‫א‬KEIF
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J١
X = (1 -0.501)*85 = 42.42 mol
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 ‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 W = 15 molW
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
Y = 0.471*85 = 40 mol
 ‫א‬ J٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
2*85 = 2X +2Y + T = 2*42.42 + 2*40 + T
 T = 5.2 molW
 ‫א‬ J٥

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 ‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
6*85 = 6X + 4Y + 2 Z +4*T = 6*42.42 + 4*40 + 2Z +4*5.2
 Z = 37.34 mol W
 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 C2H6  ٨٥  ٨٥  ٤٢{٤٢  ٣٠{٣
 C2H4   J   J  ٤٠  ٢٨{٦
H2   J   J  ٣٧{٤  ٢٦{٧
 CH4   J   J  ٥{٢  ٣{٧
I  ١٥  ١٥  ١٥  ١٠{٧
‫א‬  ١٠٠  ١٠٠  ١٤٠  ١٠٠

 
 W٢
‫א‬EC12H10 F‫א‬EC6H6F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬EC7H8F
 

C7H8 + H2 C6H6 + CH4

2 C7H8 + H2 C12H10 + 2 CH4

 

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

‫א‬E١F‫א‬١٦٠E٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 
 ٥٨Z٤٨H١٠Z٦٠G٪٨٠H١٠Z‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ J١
٢‫א‬‫א‬F٢{٤Z٢LE٦٠G٪٨FZ‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 KE‫א‬١‫א‬
 ٧{٢ZE٤{٨H٤٨F J٦٠Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
H٢٠Z‫א‬‫א‬G٢HE‫א‬‫א‬
 F‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 ٧٢{٨Z٤{٨H٤٨
١٩{٦ZE٢{٤H٤٨F–٧٠Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬ J٥
 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 C7H8  ٦٠  ٣٧{٥  ٧{٢  ٤{٥
 C6H6  ١٠  ٦{٢  ٥٨  ٣٦{٣
H2  ٧٠  ٤٣{٨  ١٩{٦  ١٢{٣
 CH4  ٢٠  ١٢{٥  ٧٢{٨  ٤٥{٥
C12H10   J   J  ٢{٤  ١{٥
‫א‬  ١٦٠  ١٠٠  ١٦٠  ١٠٠

 
 W٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
CH4 + 1.5O2 CO + 2H2O

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 K٪٧٢{٨٪١٩{٤٪٧{٨‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٨‫א‬‫א‬٪٩٠‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫אא‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 CH4  ٧{٨  ٧{٨ 0.78  ٠{٧٨
 CO2   J   J 6.24  ٦{٢
N2  ٧٢{٨  ٧٢{٨  ٧٢{٨  ٧٢{٥
 CO   J   J 0.78  ٠{٧٨
H2 O   J   J 14.04  ١٤
O2  ١٩{٤  ١٩{٤  ٥{٧٥  ٥{٧٠
‫א‬  ١٠٠  ١٠٠  ١٠٠{٤  ١٠٠
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 ٧٢{٨Z‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 ‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 7.8 = X + Y +Z (1)

 ‫א‬‫א‬  J٤
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 ‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
2*19.4 = 38.8 = Y +2Z + T+2W (2)
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 ‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬
2*7.8 = 15.6 =2X + T (3)

 W‫א‬ J٥
(7.8 – X)/7.8 = 90% = 0.9 (4)
 X = 0.78
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬ J٦
 Z = 8Y (5)
 
 W٥

X + Y +Z = 7.8
Y +2Z + T+2W = 38.8
2X + T = 15.6
X = 0.78
Z = 8Y
 X = 0.78, Y = 0.78, Z = 6.24, T= 14.04, U = 72.8, W = 5.75

 W٤
 
 50 kg/h‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Eton/dayF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J١
[C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ]n + 3n CH3COOCOCH3 [C6H7 O2(CH3COO) 3 ]n + 3n CH3COOH



 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 [C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ]nW‫א‬ J
 162 g/molW‫א‬‫א‬n = 1
102 gLmolWE‫א‬F CH3COOCOCH3W‫א‬  J

288 g/molWC6H7 O2(CH3COO) 3W‫א‬ J
 60 g/molW CH3COOHW‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬ J٣
 W‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E50*288/162)*24/1000 = 2.13 ton/day
 3*٢.13*60/288 =١{٣٣ ton /dayW‫א‬‫א‬ J
2.13*102*3/288 = 2.26 ton/day W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 
 W٥
 
50 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Eton/dayF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬kg/day
 
 W‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 [C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ] + 3 HNO3 [C6H7 O2(NO3) 3 ] + 3 H2O

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  



 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 [C6H7 O2(OH) 3 ]nW‫א‬ J
 162 g/molW‫א‬‫א‬n = 1
63 gL molW‫א‬  J

297 g/molW‫א‬‫א‬ J
 18 g/molW‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬ J٣
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E50*297/162)*24/1000 = 2.2 ton/day
 3*٢.2*18/297 = 0.4 ton/dayW‫א‬‫ א‬ J
2.2*63*3/297 = 1.4 ton/day W‫א‬‫ א‬W
 
 6W
 
 W١٤{٥١٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٥‫א‬  J١
K٨٠‫א‬‫א‬  J٢
 W‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٢
 
 E‫א‬‫א‬L١٤٥F–١٤٥Z ‫א‬
 
 E‫א‬–١٤٥FL١٤٥Z‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٣
‫א‬‫א‬٠{٠٠٠٥٥١٥‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬٠{٠٥٩
 
 K١{٤‫א‬١{١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 ١{١١١ZE١٤{٥–١٤٥FL١٤٥Z١٥‫א‬
 
 ١{٠٧٥٤Z٠{٠٠٠٥٥E١٥–٨٠F–١{١١١Z٨٠‫א‬ J
 
 ١٠{٦٦٥Z٠{٠٥٩E١٥–٨٠F–١٤{٥Z٨٠‫א‬ J
 
 
 W٧
 
 K٢١٢E٪٣٠F١٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ١٦١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 W‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ١٥١{٤Z٥٦LE٤٠C٢١٢F
 
١٥١{٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠٠
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W٪٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٪٣٠‫א‬
 
 ٥٠٤{٧Z٣٠L١٠٠C١٥١{٤
 
 W٨
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬A٣١٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬ J١ 
 ٣١٠٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢ 
 ٢L١Z‫א‬‫א‬ J٣ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  
 ،‫א‬  J
  J

 

- ١٦٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 
WE٣١٠٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 WW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

 
 ٢L١ZE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FLE‫א‬‫א‬FW
 
 ٢L١Z(A – W)/W:
 
 ٢L٣ZW/A
 
 ٣L٢Z‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K٣٥٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WW1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FLE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FW
 ٢L١ZE‫א‬‫א‬
W

(A – W1)/1000/ W1/500 = 1/2

W1/A = 1/2

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 K٪٥٠‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WW2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٠‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
(0.5 –W2)/1000/W2/500 = 1/2
W2=0.25 = 25%
 ٪٧٥Z٪٢٥H٪٥٠W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
E٣٢٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٪٨٠{٣‫א‬
 K‫א‬٪٨١{٥‫א‬٥‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W٩
١٤٨{١E٪٢٠‫א‬٪٨٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

 
- ١٦٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

١٩٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٩٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KKOH١٩٣‫א‬١٠٠٠‫א‬
193×50/56 = 137.86 gW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١٣٧{٨٦‫א‬١٠٠٠
 
١٤٨{١E‫א‬٪٢٠‫א‬٪٨٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٤٨{١‫א‬١٠٠٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬١٤{٨١‫א‬١٠٠
 
‫א‬‫א‬E٣٧٪٣١{٢٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 100×14.81/31.22 = 47.50
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤٠Z٪٣٤{٩٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W١٠
 
٪٢٥ ٪١٥ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KENa2CO3F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(Na2CO3 10 H2O)‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١٠٠‫א‬K‫א‬٪٨
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 W‫א‬

X HY = 100 - 8 = 92 (1)
X = 0.15 me (2)
2Y/286 = 2*(0.25 me)/106 (3)

X = 16.76 g
Y = 75.27 g
me = 111.56 g
W =111.56 – 100 =11.56g
 W١١
٪٢٥‫א‬L٢٢‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬٪٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬١٠٠٤
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٥٧ ‫א‬
  

 W‫א‬

 
 
me - ms = 1000 (1)
0.75 me - = 0.95 ms (2)
me - = 4750 Kg
ms = 3750 kg
3750 P = 400 + 22*3750
P = 28

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