Expression of L for overhead lines: Expression of C for overhead lines:

d 2 πε
L=2 ×10−7 ln H /meter C= F /meter
r d
ln
r
Velocity of the propagation of wave: Line terminated through resistance:
1 2 Z2V
v= ''
V =
√ LC Z 1+ Z 2
Z1 – line surge impedance
Z2 – terminating impedance
Rate of power consumption: Reflected voltage:
3 V ' '2 ' Z 2−Z 1
P= V= V
R Z2 + Z 1
Surge voltage, T-Junction:
V
2
Z
V ' '= 1
1 1 1
+ +
Z1 Z 2 Z 3