Second Sino-Japanese War

 First Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895)

o China w/ Europeans  Japanese desire of expansion and imperialism
o Japan gained complete control over Korea and Manchurian railroads,
ports, etc.
o 1915 – 21 Demands to Yuan Shikai  Rebellion
 Manchurian Affair 1931 – Bomb attack to Japanese railroads
o Japan took complete control of renamed Manchuko
 Marco Polo Bridge Incident July 8, 1937– in Wanping (north)
o Protocol  foreign army to keep soldiers on the bridge
o Japanese army increased its presence, China opposed and Japan set the
bridge on fire and bombarded it
 Rape of Nanking 1937 – 100,000 civilian casualties
o Capital moved to Chungking
 Battle of Shangai
 New Fourth Army Incident
o Truce between CCP and GMD; however they were not united
o Communists decided to form a new Fourth Army
o GMD started attacking communists
Strategies:
o Japanese controlled mainland communication and cities, more
technology and little soldiers. French tanks.
o Communists saw the opportunity to start the guerrilla warfare
o GMD more organized army, ineffective  Jiang Kai-shek
 Japanese were winning and decided to stop the war (1941) and only left China
after USA had won them
 Tibet and Xiangji separated from China during war