POPULATION

 Number of individuals of a species in a defined place and time.

CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULATION

1. Population Size and Density

 Numbers of individuals per unit area or per unit volume of environment

 Population size
-the numbers of individuals in a population
 Population density
-the average number of individuals per unit area or volume.

2. Population dispersion or spatial distribution

  Dispersion is the spatial pattern of individuals in a population relative to one
another.
 Uniform Dispersion
-less spaced at equal distance from each other
 Random Dispersion
-the position of one individual is unrelated to the position of its neighbours
 Clumped Dispersion
-

3. Age structure

 Individuals are of different age.

4. Natality (Birth Rate)

 Population increased because of natality

 New individuals by birth.

5. Mortality (death rate)

 Deaths per population

 POPULATION GROWTH

 Number of individuals in a population is increasing

(A- Exponential Growth)

(B- Logistic Growth)

Exponential Growth (J-shaped)

 As population size increases, the growth rate also increases.
 The larger the population becomes, the faster it grows.


Logistic Growth (S-shaped)

 Limited in size
 No population can keep growing exponentially for very long.
 IMPACT OF POPULATION IN ENVIRONMENT

 Damage and fragile in our environment

- As the population increases it will damage the environment because it can
cause pollutions and it will lessen our natural resources.

 Urbanization
- Rapid growth of population will led to urbanization which has affected
environment. Due to the increase in the population natural resources in the
city will be depleted for the lot to build a house.

 Land Degradation
- Intensive farming and excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides will led to
over exploitation of land and water resources. This may lead to soil erosion
and water logging.
 GROUP 7

POPULATION
ECOLOGY