Chemistry Key Terms ‘© The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid state at one atmospheric pressure is called melting point of that solid. ‘+ The temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure of the surrounding is called the boiling point. ‘+ Vaporisation is the process that occurs when a chemical of element is converted form a liquid to vapour. ‘+ Evaporation is the process of a substance in a liquid state changing to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature and / or pressure. ‘* Freezing is the process in which a liquid becomes sufficiently cold to change into a solid, Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid. ‘© Condensation is the change from a gaseous state to its liquid state. ‘* Sublimation is the change of solid state directly into gaseous state without melting ‘* Deposition is the direct solidification of a vapour by cooling; the reverse of sublimation. ‘© Aphysical change is a change in which no new substances are formed. There may be a temporary change in colour, temperature and state of the substances but no new substances are formed in the physical change. ‘* Achemical change is change in which one or more new substances are formed. The substances change in colour, temperature and state but they also change into a new substance or substances in the chemical change. Key Terms ‘+ Anelementis a substance that cannot be broken down into other simpler substances through chemical means. Evey element is made up of its own type of atoms. Therefore, it has a unique position in the Periodic Table. ‘* Acompound isa substance containing two or more different elements chemically joined together in a fixed ratio. ‘+ Amolecule is the simplest unit of the chemical substance, usually a group of two or more atoms. ‘+ Molecules exist in elements as well as compounds. A molecule of an element (molecular element) consists of atoms of the same kind, A molecule of a compound (molecular compound) consists of more than one kind of atoms. The atoms of different elements in ‘the molecule of a compound are combined in definite ratio. ‘© Diatomic molecules are molecules composed of only two atoms of same or different elements,Chemistry Triatomic molecules are molecules composed of only three atoms of same or different elements, Polyatomic molecules are molecules composed of three or more atoms of same or different elements. The compounds formed by the combination of two elements are called binary compounds. ‘The compounds formed by the combination of three elements are called ternary compounds. A mixture is a combination of more than one substance, where these substances are not. bonded to each other. It consists of two or more substances which may be present in any proportion