Trinity University of Asia Group

Group names:
Apuli, Adrian James B. Apuli
Ignacio, Mark Angelo M.
Nicolas, Bernadine Ambry B.

1. Deterministic Model
Deterministic is the opposite of a random event. It tells us that some future event can be calculated
exactly, without the involvement of randomness. For example, the conversion between Celsius and
Kelvin is deterministic, because the formula is not random, it is an exact formula that will always give
you the correct answer:
Kelvin = Celsius + 273.15.

1. A deterministic model is a model that gives you the same exact results for a particular set of inputs,
no matter how many times you re-calculate it. An example of a deterministic model is a calculation to
determine the return on a 5-year investment with an annual interest rate of 7%, compounded
monthly. The model is just the equation below:

The inputs are the initial investment (P = $1000), annual interest rate (r = 7% = 0.07), the compounding
period (m = 12 months), and the number of years (Y = 5).

1. An example for the deterministic model is timetables/schedules.Deterministic models assume

certainty in all aspects. Jotting down a specific task/event per hour provides certainty and clearance that
a task is to be done/has been done at the met time span.
2. Probabilistic Model
Probabilistic models incorporate random variables and probability distributions into the model of an
event or phenomenon. While a deterministic model gives a single possible outcome for an event, a
probabilistic model gives a probability distribution as a solution. These models take into account the fact
that we can rarely know everything about a situation. There’s nearly always an element of randomness
to take into account. For example, life insurance is based on the fact we know with certainty that we will
die, but we don’t know when. These models can be part deterministic and part random or wholly
random.

2. A probabilistic model includes elements of randomness. Every time you run the model, you are likely
to get different results, even with the same initial conditions. A probabilistic model is one which
incorporates some aspect of random variation. A simple probabilistic model of the same situation might
keep the time of use at the machine as 2 minutes for each person, but include random arrival times. One
way to include randomness in the model is to do a simulation. We can simulate 15 random arrival times
in a 30 minute period, for example, 2 4 5 5 10 11 12 15 16 19 20 24 29 29 29. In the table below, the
customers are represented by the letters A to O, arriving to either use the machine or wait until the
machine is free.

2. An example for the probabilistic model is the Markov Model, a visual representation of the Markov
property stating that the output of the future is heavily dependent on the present circumstances,
therefore subject to change and no certainty is guaranteed.

References/Sources:
https://www.statisticshowto.com/deterministic/ Deterministic
Model Example (vertex42.com)
https://www.statisticshowto.com/probabilistic/
Deterministic and probabilistic models / AO S8-4 / AOs by level / Achievement objectives / Mathematics
and statistics / Home - Senior Secondary (tki.org.nz)