'* The Present a te Tenses Correct the errors in these sentences. aun 1. Ido unwell. ore 2. Weas hungry. S She js‘joing the gym. 4. 1 playg football on Sunday. 5. It gré raining for three hours. 4A 6. My father’s car doesnot expensive. 7. She bave gone to Kolkata for a few days. 8. Does Meenal and Sukanya interested in music? oa ce hae Tee a new bike.structure Sj ‘Tplay | 1do not play. “Dolplay? You ply Al You do not play. |_Do you play? He plays. | He does not play. | Does he play? She plays She does not play. | Does she play? moe Ttdsenon ae | Does it play? We play. “We do not play. | Do we play? “They plays They d | Do they play? | They do not play. \. Rewrite the following passage with the simple present form of the verbs given in the brackets. Johny (live) on a farm. He (have) a horse ni 1s (ride) Stella every day. Sometimes they (wa fast. Johny (not mistreat) Stella. They always (haVe) a good time. Landes d Stella. Johny (love) Stella. He slowly, and sometimes they (run)Stella (be) Johny’s hers She (be) light brown in colour. Her tail oe a #F€ (be) dark brpwn. She (befthree years old. She (lvéfin the stable by the house Stella (waisf for Johny every morning, She (enjoyStheir time together. One Johny (givefher apples. Afjer long rides, Johny always (washPand (brush) Stella. He usually (brushfter tail. Then he (givefher food and fresh water. Stella (love) Johny. Present Continuous Tense i‘not playing. | Are they playing? . Use the simple) Present or the present continuous tense to fill in the blanks. Sometimes, either may be correct. Where —_ 449) (be) John? Don't olla ___(stand) hee Where __ofp ide (they, live)? Who 2¢_ “9 _ (knock) at the door? This cake _Z@eclei” (taste) delicious I ge (sit) outside in the sunshine. She 4 tracening — — (learn) French nowadays, 1a tt (give) you my honest opinion Our boss always ___Qavritaed —__ eure) ‘on time. Please be quiet! The by mn (sleep). What ‘we, have) for dinner tonight? What's the matter? Why éng{you, cry)? Storm clouds (form) on the horizon. 1___Aaue ____ (have) lunch in the cafeteria every day. She ai inno, answer) the phone. She must be busy. Claude 4c _mot (be, not) Canadian. He _Comed (come) from France. I —am.—palag (go) to the fair. ____Do __you Loamt (want) to come along? 47leave) a note for Suresh. Please s lam frasunsy C jways complain) abOUt the foo nyt Con Malwa re 4 hus ol ) her own food now, Sve da_mak'y . (spend) time with her g Today, Jaya 9 —_ P © Use the simple present or the present continuous form of the brackets to fill in the blanks, Every Monday, Katie alarfuee (drive) down to football p Unully, I_mork, work) as a junior librarian during. lam. lad ying study) Tamil at language school in Shhh! Be quiet! Jamal ts. Aleeping (sh P). ont forget to take your umbrella, tle oauene Hove living here because it 10 rain, always) and To Bm sorry I can't hear what 4 tating You Are. to {(say) because talk) so loudly a worit ik curve, (writ “rrently) a book about her exp Tunning 4 fishery. | hope she can find a good publisher When she ig § Gaurav: Do you want tg Some Over for dinner tonight ”“ Meine ON, Torry tant tay GG} (G0) toa movie ton some friends ® The visiting cards ae nox Delhi. Their prices is quite good,the duration for which the activity described has been going on.) + Kakoli has bought three sarees for herself. (The emphasis is on the result of activity described.) 2. Sometimes, either tense can be used without changing the meaning of the sentence. For example, + Ihave studied here for twelve + Ihave been studying here for twelve years. D. Fill in the blanks with the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense form of the verbs in the brackets. ° 1. She — the meeting. (attend) 2. They to answer all my questions, (attempt) Jo is, He pa, book since morning, (write) e ras hit btsndeiinonsinuousty for two hours. (drive)hey gue catleeted —— samples trom all patients, (collect) 6 They Jtque deen, Inala oke alarm since 6 o'clock (instal) 1 shout inverted —_ money for five years, (invest) 5. She dao _vronked with kids for many years. (work) He Ahad gone to the hospi operation. (go) use for or since. The strong wind has been blowing ALN@2___ morning. She has been copying lines __4yo"__ an hour. The dollar has been climbing —__ oT _ two weeks. My dog has been chasing a cat_adln(e dawn, The girls have been chatting —__gar_ three hours. Mother has been washing clothes __AimCe____ 8 a.m. 7. Mr Roy has been teaching grammar dene 2005. s. They have been raising money for charity __r@-__ two months Our team has been fielding —_24&nfe afternoon I have been hearing about her fer months. » Remember We use since to show that something has been happening from a specific point of time in the past. For example, * [have not met Anita sinc@ 2012. + Ihave been working here since last year. We use for to show a period or a duration of time, For example, * Ihave known Adira for ten years. + She has been studying for four and a half hours.Correct the errors in these sentences. Did they lived“in Durban? b oe He didn’t soot hineSe, Did he went fo Bhubaneswz gw When did you studied’ in thad school? We yas hungry. I goed'to the beach. | ol They had not,lean their room. ead Did you pte my cake They didn’t went tthe beach. . She bad went to Kolkata for a few days.a Affirmative Late. Did I eat You ate ___| You did not eat. Did you eat? fie ate | He did not eat. Did he eat? She ate. She did not eat. Did she eat? itate It did not eat. Did iteat?. < We ate. We did not eat Did we eat? They ate. | They did not eat. Did they eat? \. Correct these sentences. per 1. T go€d WEE nall afteS¥shoo) ? 2. My haga ERAS a icne oop ener eral 3. DO? Mahesh visit his grandmother last night? +. Atul didnot workeelast weekend. 5. Was Tana and Lata at the meeting? 9 6.) he did not bad’a happy ending. ‘ \ Sa€ you see Sania’s new dog yesterday?Ne h for two) anch yesterday? for lu o, What dé youlang io A Poke. he patient softly 1. The nunegpns Hegwrite three novels award, but none of them win an . @ the blanks with the correct past tense form of the verbs, in Be seta Sa(be) nt net Sau (not, ran) alot did not Kelp (not, help) me. visit) the zoo last Saturday. lo) my homework yesterday. 6. The weather___€xtuf__ (be) fine yesterday. +. Last year, 1___eQ@ad” __ (go) for a holiday to England, s 1__vt42 EA _ (visit) lots of interesting places last yean 9. We ed (see) a beautifiul rainbow after the rain, » were lek ge tad ieee 11, Who (teach) you English in Class VIP vw Did | ou Pak, (talk) to your aunt Complete the table. 1, spend) your last holiday? « Affirmative . pal neg up| Data m Kp , Nancy did not watch television, 3. The base were clever, 1 id not miss the busShas aud no rgd | Did the 70d. 7 You. bought You clad) pot b Did yout buy sandwiches? 8 He dale Psst aided ; He aa sic Did (he dell | Mis car? trained y Hlth Le datnet oid mee them | We didnot 7 fey Did it rain yesterday? did we mel Ban? nt Perfect tense describe actions patie Tence betwee nected With the presen nple ir functions — ted in the past, h, act ions that, although ‘nt. For example, : he present.) © and there is no link here with Thave written my exams we {so I expect good grades and a Promotion to the next class), Fill in the blanks with the si imple past or the present perfect form of the verbs given in the brackets, 1 1 Oe ea (gee * My grest great grandisther___ te dogs and six birds as pets. On notte pled? (drop) the vase 4. This weekend, my friends and J ed. aie eee Speneee (go) to watch the football match A year back, Reena and Karen —Aape (have) afght. They speak) to each other since then, - 22M 6. Hurrah! We Wen (vin) the match, ave) the wise Tena King keenamietaerys et Cad ) the wise Rama in his court. 97.inthe blanks with the past. ontinuous form of the verbs given in the brackets. ule: ’ wer GEES sat she eat \ feceseU eyety at cay yeterday Last night at 804 pm 1204 ae _Squave anna tot (you, do) Msteniay? Pa eee : LO (work) What Luere # When I arrived, th When I came back Nile pat Bak home, my brother Abe Ale AF (play) Yesterday at six, Mother ne ee ae Alapeig. (Play) in the garden when it 1to6s pet — (practise) on the guitar when he arrived a ‘While Shubho 200%" seth9 (ork in hts resent f0€42 Beart aama:g swinfin the pot "didn’t like them, because they ere Complais 1_#0G4 Cem suddenly went of 1 boas L565 4008 20ate always (complain) (complete) my assignment when the computer 7 (listen) to the radio while my sister (wateh) TV. We fvere ol (study) English yesterday at 4:00 p.m. Pose you are Mayank. What were you and the members of your family 8 at 6.00 pum. yesterday? Using the clues, write the sentences in the past uous tense. My mother/read/a novel Mamet toc Oe a novel sf ty faith coed 0 Ap ele vesa. inher room. AL plage, 59 ni My father/watch/television, My younger sister/pl My pet dog and pha f7in the garden. wurere of os The maggeepere/food. 2078 weean 29 6. Grandmother/talk/on the phone. 4484 ail Grandfather/take/a walk in the garden. 4 s. The cat/sleep/in the basket. jad Aiping Past Perfect Tense y Uses We use the past perfect tense to talk about 1. an action that happened before another action in the past. For example, Thad read the novel before I watched the film. After I had left home, it started to rain. 2. imaginary things in the past. For example, + If Thad known that you were ill, I would have helped you. + Ifshe had studied harder, she would have passed the exam. 3. an action that finished in the past and whose result was visible in the past. For example, + When I met Roshni yesterday, she was crying because she had lost ae. n%ee the past perfect form ofthe verbs in the brackets to complete ustesentences. wee deena He (write) three novels by the time he turned twenty-eight. ‘een (gt he een ‘ or AO already anoda ee Hese Hod you 2tivcbadk : ~— (study) English before you moved to England? {pot have any money becguse 1 Raed Coe pe Fod_nol ify (lose) my wallet. (not, inform) me about his accident, Had! Thee hier we Lak fone. Gi)by Wallner ea Had ‘he eal — (cat) dinner before she went to the cinema? » He Rad! not Jucstie, finish) his work she Rastinat belo, buy) a new dress for the party. comparison: ‘ast Simple and Past Perfect While both the past simple and past perfect ter pened in the past, the past perfect is used t befare another ses are used to talk about things that ‘0 describe an action that happened. action in the past. The action that happened after the action described in ast perfect, is expressed in past simple. For example, + Anuradha went out to the market. (simple past) + Anuradha had gone out to the market, but came bac k soon as it started raining, past perfect) 4. Fill in the blanks with the past simple or the past perfect form of the verbs given in the brackets, ved 5 } is \Whenne 08d (are a thetton, the tn fad Lep leave) We _LeeRad (took) everywhere for'Sakshi but we Ad not LoCaled (locate) her when we heard someone ery, ‘Papa’. We leokack”” (ockyarcusltnees hee teeta Dod coma from. We net fad find) the source of the sound anywhere*Then Suldenly, there was a loud and happy shout, and Sakshi __Cam@____ (come) Straight at us, FShe had been singing She had not been singing. _| Had she been singing? | ae Ithad been singing. It had not been singing. _|_ Had it been singing? We had been singing. | We had not been singing. _| Had we been singing? They had been singing. | They had not been singing. | Had they been singin Fill in the blanks with the past perfect continuous form of the verbs in the brackets. foge ahod. beer deadup read) before you entered, Hod eee aaa Zs (rain) continuously for hour: 8. We hag hor ac Ei (practise) tennis ‘for an hour when.it began to rail a tkotl, 4<“(fitidy) English when Mr Naidu came to see me. 5. His knees and hands were very dirty. He “fplay) in the garden. eam eee (drive) the car for five years when I gecided to sell = pepe 7. We were very tired. We cw brad) for abouthixteen ho) a book for some tin Aceh time Lrnet him, he Rael Banc onl Fu vie Rod Been bass (live) in Coimbatore for twenty y jae an accident ech od bien. wepavi pair) the mobile phone for an hour when te was tired because he Aad foaené8APALAtch) television all night vo Raha didn't want to move, Shea date. Sig) in Kolkata all rs when he ul cricketer. He acral deen, oagy since he was a teenager : ; rey Aad tens ae ay) with us since July ofthat year ve hod been ant) our house for two weeks, but we were stil Note OG since and for are used with the perfect continuous tenses. \y) ever Since i used to talk about the point of time at which an action began. (The action continues tll the moment of speaking) For is used to talk about the duration of an action. For example, + She has been practising her dance moves since 9 this morning, She has a concert tomorrow. + She has been practising her dance moves for three hours now. She has ‘a concert tomorrow. Used to is used to talk about something that happened often in the past but does not happen anymore. For example, + Mrs Ganguly used to be our English teacher. + Seema used to play on the state table tennis team. J. Use since or for to fi inthe blanks. 1. Thave lived in Mumbai 4 three years. Leila has been a Montessori teacher___dvsee_ 1999. Thave been teaching ane. _ along time. 4 ‘The kids have been on vacation fot a fortnight.5. What have you been doing —— ling groceries __-4@mta_ years, 6. The shop has been s 7. He has known her — ww __ they were five years old, 8. We have not been on a vacation _22-@ | __ last Jani ary,choose the correct option to complete these sentengas \ He this project by Saturday will have completed b. will have complete They ——__ 49 Goa next week a. will gone will go He ——___his home yet a. will have not reach ‘b-Till not have reached + This time next week, I______ in. Goa, 2. will be sunbath 2ill be sunbathing 5. He in a hotel during the visit. a-Con't be staying b. won't be stay Next Monday, you —___ ‘on your new job. a will be work Till be working 7. He____ to the meeting, | think. i \vGill be coming b. will be come & '___7__Pranay next wel : . will be meet Will be meeting a | |A, filin the blanks with will or the going to form. . Sushma has been very naughty today. Her mother, is Re scold her. ° ° : ‘ She ak {> get a pleasant surprise if she comes home now. Bi When the flood happens, people —_4ast4____ fall ill. 2 ed. It etl __ soon fall off. 2 ® My sty is persisting. 12m the ophthalmologist this evening. M , 6. Sarojini Nagar Market WL __o, __ closed on Monday. +. The glass is ci Future Continuous Tense Uses We use the future continuous tense to |. talk about actions that will be in progress at a certain time in the future.Affirmative I will be sleeping. You will be sleeping. He will be sleeping. She will be sleeping It will be sleeping. We will be sle eping. They will be sleeping. B. Change these sentences into the future continuous tense. Negative I will not be sleeping. You will not be sleeping. | He will not ‘be » sleeping. | She will not be sleeping. [Ie will not be sleeping: | We will n not be cleepinemat They w not be sleeping. 1. Twill bring a friend along. yell) be bre 2 4, 2. | will sleep in this room. wt we dlepen 3. He will come to meet you. wth doe comél Shalini will stay with her friends. 1020 Jeo Will they be sleepin nen Int it Will I be sleeping? ‘will he be sleeping? | | win she be sleeping? | will itbe sleeping? — Will we be sleeping? 4Diwy will join college this year, w20U be po’niin 6. Lwilliro 100 be i wl oly tny clothes now, J {wil complete the asin 5. She will accompany us.the vatlld jre The train will leave at 1am. “Pag 4 Me school wilstartat Same il, a! hgo tO be vbuntteg wh de He will attend the conference. fy «oil ha atte-Dinp Ube Confiranes 4 will goto that restaurant tomorrow. J will be gainy # That Jus neat dem odod Fill in the blanks with the simple future or the future continuous form of the verbs given in the brackets. Give your coat to me. 1 42ll (hang) it on the hook Don't call her now. She A aud (have) her dinner: Vey iL fu chaarg ing care) forthe repairs 1 The jeans HLL serve FL Grandma 44EL Joe ae sweater for me nee Weald Behave yourselfor Father £226 Goold (scott) you ~ head omar, theshiten HL eligi sn the sand. : ae 8. The train wel _aarive. ¢ platform 2 ». At this time tomorrow, 1 42 Gp Lear? (leave) for Prague 10. Don't call me at 10 o'clock, I saat (By) to New York 11. You can come to see me in the afternoon, | ise te woere work) in the garden, 12. Do you think it sill tamu (snow) tomorrow? we £kCCagyski) in Auli 14, Next year, I will ses sticky) nats a university (stretch) after some time, 18. This time on Sunday, és osE. Use the future perfect or the future perfect cont 1uous form of the ve given inthe brackets to complete these sentenges. 1. The actors ELE gue TALE carrey thes 8 o'clock n ee wll esti Cae (keep) the children amused for two by noon. she LLL Sa $4 work) here for eight hours by 10 pm sit) the entire state by The si They well 84 aie temps) to find the lost ring for hours by lunch time. steam 1HEl Baye wscélid, bee. He fle Ss FLAN (run) the shop for ten years by the ead January next year. Ap yg Firefighters pel, beentr ye (to the fire for six hours by'S pam The detectives W4UL wot S590, ts gather) evidence for six She eyo bits engi (enjoy) holidays for two weeks by He_ Sulla Ana _mepetdop) all the floors by 10 o'clock. Don’t call me at 10 oelock, 1 WELL Lrasnes ly) to New Yo Seater fo ces most socleeiM te ea Junch by then, Uae 0, AA ° 7 Do you think it wilL (snow),in the mountains? 5 2142 By this time, next week, the workers the house for six months By December 2019, my brother susiDl_Jrawe ban Corichi office for five years she WUL have bean * hing us for a couple of hours by time we arrive.ie re identify the non-finite verbs in these sentences. | 1. Tlove camping, ee 2. Seeing is believing. 3. Lwant to go to Brazil, +. He had to leave urgently. 5. We ate our roasted peanuts. 6. Twant to buy you a present. 7. Iplan to clean my room today. 8. I stepped on the sleeping cat by mistake. 9. I tiptoed into the room so as not to wake anyone. 10. The newborn elephant calf struggled to stand.[E)B. Identity the non finite verbs. SL sung protibied aepee I find Speaking =tresstil.@ 6. This is an interesting book. 7. Love the noise of falling rain, 8, He was hopeless at writing letters. ). We have to submit our assignment by Friday. 10. love camping in the woods. 11, To win the match was my dream, 12. Having typed the letter, she went home. 15. Ricky loves camping in the woods. 14. The sleeping cow caused a traffic jam. duties is attending meetings. 16. Tam giving Madan a driving lesson. 17. The three woodeutters went to find firewood 18, I would like a sandwich to eat, © Fillin the blanks with suitable non-finite verbs, Tplan 4h thady til midnight. Theard my mother“ Lalkeyg on the phone. 8 Would you mind Aerio |e Boge findow for mee 4. Helikes 25 abroad edo aol trol nim Ce COLE walking for an hour ery morning, (advice, start) oa abs duh) ; he teacher CAAEL OV the students nee their work 1ickly. (ask, finish) poor urchin ALGMLAL the shopkeeper __©6_7WE _him mething to eat. (request, give) J The students were not WwebLeng Le Chssahcir usual school timings. 1, change) Vv Fahad J to the market some fruits and edicines for his sick child. (go, buy) 9. He must have no out 4 the garage. . We into a bigger flat. (want, move)