MobileComm Professionals, Inc.

MobileComm

Your Partner for Wireless Engineering Solutions

This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

Privacy Policy

Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

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This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
LTE Air Inte
Interfac
rface
e
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Marketing

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Analytics

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 Agenda

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, aswell as marketing,
E-UTRAN architecture
architecture
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time

or accept the default settings.
LTE Physical layer structure
 Air interface resources
Privacy Policy
 UE measurements (RSRP/RSRQ)
Marketing

Personalization
 RSRP/R
RSRP/RSRQ
SRQ exercises
Analytics

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This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
Network Elements and
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
Functionalities
Privacy Policy

Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

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EPS Network Architecture

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site X2 LTE-UE
functionality, as well as marketing,
CPpersonalization,
+ UP eNodeB: Evolved NodeB
and analytics. You
HSS: Home Subscriber Server
may change your settings at any time LTE-Uu
MME: Mobility Management Entity
eN
eNod
ode
eB
orCP
accept the default settings. S-GW: Serving Gateway
PCRF : Policy & Charging Rule Function
P-GW: Packet Gateway
UP Policy eNode
eNode B
Privacy
S1- MME
EUTRAN
S1-
S1- U
Marketing

Personalization

Analytics
S10 S11 S5/S8 SGi
PDN
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Rx+
S7
S6a
 Evolved Packet Core

Evolved Node B (eNB)

cell
This website stores data such as LTE-Uu
cookies to enable essential site LTE-UE Evolved
functionality, as well as marketing, Node B
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
Functions for Radio Resource Management: Radio Bearer Control, Radio Admission Control, Connection
Mobility Control, Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink (scheduling)
(s cheduling)
IP header compression and encryption of user data stream;
Privacy Policy
Routing of User Plane data towards Serving Gateway
Marketing
Scheduling and transmission of paging messages (originated from the MME)
Personalization
Scheduling and transmission of broadcast information (originated from the MME or O&M)
Analytics
Measurement and measurement reporting configuration for mobility and scheduling

Scheduling and transmission of ETWS messages (originated from the MME)

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Performs all Radio Resource Management functionality
f unctionality

An eNB can handle several cells

 

Mobility Management Entity (MME)

Pure Signaling Entity inside EPC

This website stores data such as
cookies to enable
Inter Coreessential site node signaling for handling mobility between
Network (CN)
functionality, as well
different as of
types marketing,
3GPP access networks HSS
personalization,
Handlesand analytics.
attach You to the SSAE
and Detach AE system as well as Tracking
Tracking Area
may change
updateyour settings at any time
or acceptInterface
the default settings.
to the HSS for the subscriber relevant information S6a
S10
S1-MME
the signaling coordination to setup transport bearers through the EPC
Privacy Policy
for a UE S11
S1-U
MMEs can be interconnected via the S10 interface
Marketing

Personalization
It generates and allocates temporary IDs for UEs
Analytics
Security procedures

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Tr
Tracking
acking Area (TA) list management

Idle UE reachability
 

Serving Gateway

ThisManages
website stores data
the user datasuch
pathas
with in EPC
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
Connects via S1 interface towards eNB
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
Packet Data Anchor with in EPC
S1-MME
Connects the P-GW with S5/S8 interface S1-
S1- U
Privacy Policy

Marketing
A serving gateway is controlled by one or more MMEs via S11 interface
S11 S5/S8
Personalization
Tr
Transport
ansport level packet marking in the uplink and the downlink
Analytics
Downlink packet buffering and initiation of network triggered service request
Save for Idle UEs
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Mobility anchoring for inter-3GPP mobility

 

Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway

Provides the connection between EPC and a number of external data networks
This website stores data such as
IP Address
cookies allocation
to enable to thesite
essential UE
functionality, as well as marketing,
QoS coordination between
between the external PDN and EPC
personalization, and analytics. You
may change via
connected your
S7settings
to a PCRFat any time
or accept the default settings.
S5/S8 SGi
Tr
Transport
ansport level packet marking in the uplink and the downlink PDN

Privacy Policy allocation

UE IP address
S7 R x+

Marketing
Per-user based packet filtering (by e.g. deep packet inspection)

Personalization
UL and DL service level charging
Analytics
UL and DL service level rate enforcement

Save
UL and DL service levelAccept All
gating control

Lawful Interception
 DHCP functions

10

Policy and Charging Rule Function (PCRF)

This website stores data such as

Quality
cookies to of Service
enable (QoS) coordination
essential site between the external PDN and EPC
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
PCRF
may is connected
change via Rx+
your settings interface
at any time to the external Data netw
network
ork (PDN)
or accept the default settings.

Check and modify the QoS associated with a SAE

SAE bearer setup from SAE
SAE S5/S8 SGi
or to request PDN
Privacy Policy the setup of a SAE bearer from the PDN

Marketing
Enforces minimum Qos Parameter
Parameterss for packet based on their QoS
S7 Rx+
Personalization
Parameters
Analytics
Charging Policy: Determines how packet should be accounted

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11

Home Subscriber Server (HSS)

This website stores data such as

cookiesSimilar
to enableto essential site Network
HLR in 2G/3G
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
With LTE/EPS
LTE/EPS the HSS will get additionally data per subscriber for
or accept the default settings. S1- MME
mobility and service handling S1-
S1- U

Privacy The HSS can be accessed by the MME via S6a interface
Policy

Marketing S10 S11

Personalization

Analytics
S6a

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12

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

LTE Physical Layer Structure and

and Air
Privacy Policy
Interface Resources
Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

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13

Duplexing Mode

Bandwidth Bandwidth
Bandwidth
This website stores data such as up to 20MHz
up to 20MHz up to 20MHz
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing, DL
UL DL
personalization, and analytics.ULYou DL
SF

may change your settings at any UL time DL

UL

Time Time DL
or accept the default settings. UL DL
DL
UL DL
DL
UL DL
SF
UL DL
Privacy Policy UL DL
UL

DL
UL DL
UL
Marketing UL DL

Frequency Frequency
Personalization

Analytics

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14

FDD Bands
E-UTRA Operating Duplex E-UTRA Operating Duplex
Band Frequency UL/DL MHz Mode Band Frequency UL/DL MHz Mode
This website stores data such as
1 1920-1980/2110-2170 FDD 17 704-716/734-746 FDD
cookies to enable essential site
2 marketing,
functionality, as well as 1850-1910/1930-1990 FDD 18 815-830/860-875 FDD
personalization, and analytics.
3 You
1710-1785/1805-1880 FDD 19 830-845/875-890 FDD
may change your settings4 at any17time
10-1755/2110-2155 FDD
20 832-862/791-821 FDD
or accept the default settings.
5 824-849/869-894 FDD 21 1447.9-1462.9/1495.9-
1510.9 FDD
6 830-840/875-885 FDD
22 3410-3490/3510-3590 FDD
Privacy Policy 7 2500-2570/2620-2690 FDD
23 2000-2020/2180/2200 FDD
8 880-915/925-960 FDD
Marketing 1626.5-1660.5/1525-
1749.9-1784.9/1844.9- 24 FDD
9 FDD 1559
Personalization
1879.9 25 1850-1915/1930-1995 FDD
10 1710-1770/2110-2170 FDD
Analytics
1427.9-1447.9/1475.9- 26 814-849/859-894 FDD
11 FDD 27 807-824/852-869 FDD
1495.9
Save Accept All 28 703-748/758-803 FDD
12 699-716/729-746 FDD
29 717-728 FDD
13 777-787/746-756 FDD
 14 788-798/758-768 FDD 30 2350 2360/2305 2315 FDD
462.5-467.5/452.5-
15 Reserved FDD 31 FDD
457.5
16 Reserved FDD
32 1452-1496 FDD
 

15

TDD Bands

This website stores data such as

E-UTsite
cookies to enable essential RA Operating Band Frequency UL/DL MHz Duplex Mode
functionality, as well as marketing, 33 1900-1920 TDD
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time 34 2010-2025 TDD
or accept the default settings.
35 1850-1910 TDD
36 1930-1990 TDD
Privacy Policy 37 1910-1930 TDD
Marketing 38 2570-2620 TDD
Personalization
39 1880-1920 TDD
Analytics 40 2300-2400 TDD
41 2496-2690 TDD
Save Accept All
42 3400-3600 TDD
43 3600-3800 TDD
 44 703-803 TDD

16

LTE FDD Frame Structure

This website stores

Framedata such as Frame 1
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
1 ms 10 ms
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings
Sub Frame at anyStime
F0 SF1 SF2 SF10
or accept the default settings.

Slot S0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S18 S
S1
19
Privacy Policy
0.5 ms
Marketing

Personalization

AnalyticsSY0 SY1 SY2 SY3 SY4 SY5 SY6 Symbol

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 FDD Frame structure ( also called Type 1 Frame) is common to both uplink and
 downlink.
 Divided into 20 x 0.5ms slots

17

LTE FDD Frame Structure

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
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personalization, and analytics. You
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or accept the default settings.

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18

LTE TDD Frame Structure

Frame Frame
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site 10 ms
functionality, as well as marketing, 5 ms 5 ms
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings
Half Frame at any time Half Frame 1 Half Frame 2
or accept the default settings.
1 ms

Privacy Policy Sub Frame SF0 SF1 SF2 SF3 SF4 SF5 SF6 SF7 SF8 SF9

Marketing

Personalization

AnalyticsSpecial
DwPTS GP UpPTS DwPTS GP UpPTS
Subframe
Save Accept All

DwPTS - Downli
Downlink
nk Pil
Pilot
ot Time
Time Slot
Slot : fa
facil
cilit
itat
ates
es downli
downlink
nk sy
synch
nchron
roniz
izati
ation.
on.
 GP - Guard Period : helps avoid interference between the uplink and the downlink and provides the transceiver
adeq
adequa
uate
te ti
time
me to swit
switchch from
from tr
tran
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smitit func
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and vi
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UpPTS - Upli
Uplink
nk Pilo
Pilott Ti
Time
me Sl
Slot
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facili
lita
tate
tess upli
uplink
nk sy
sync
nchr
hron
oniz
izat
atio
ion.
n.
 

19

LTE TDD Frame Structure

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

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20

LTE TDD Special Sub Frame

This websiteDownlink
• stores
Pilot
data
Shortened
time
such asSlot (DwPTS)
DL subframe DwPTS GP UpPTS
cookies to enable
• Foressential
Reference site
Signals & control information
functionality, as well as marketing,
• May carry user data Special Subframe
personalization, and analytics. You
may change• your Contains
settingsPSS (note:
at any SSS transmitted on the last symbol of subframe 0)
time
or accept the default settings.
Uplink-Downlink
Uplink-Downlink Allocations
Uplink Pilot Time Slot (UpPTS) UL/DL Period
Subframe

Privacy Policy
• Mainly used for RACH and SRS transmission Configuration (ms)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Guard Period (GP)

Marketing 0 D S U U U D S U U U
• Switching point between DL & UL 1 5 D S U U D D S U U D
Personalization
transmission 2 D S U D D D S U D D
Analytics
• Compensates for the delay when switching
between transmission directions 3 D S U U U D D D D D

Save• Accept
Its length All
determines the maximum 4 10 D S U U D D D D D D
supportable cell size 5 D S U D D D D D D D
 6 5 D S U U U D S U U D

D: Downlink U : Uplink S: Special Subframe

21

Resource Block and Resource Element

Physical
This website stores Resour
Resource
data such as ce Block or Resource Block (PRB or RB)
cookies to enable12essential site in frequency domain x 1 slot period in time domain.
subcarriers
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

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PEAK RATE CALCULATION IN LTE 22

From the 3gpp specification:

₋
This website1 Radio
stores Frame = 10asSub-frame
data such
cookies₋ to enable essential
1 Sub-frame = 2site
Time-slots
functionality, as well as marketing,
₋ 1 Time-slot
personalization, = 0.5 ms
and analytics. (i.e. 1 Sub-frame = 1 ms)
You
may change
₋
your settings
1Time-slot = 7 at any time Symbols (when normal CP length is used)
Modulation
or accept the default settings.
₋ 1 Modulation Symbols = 6 bits; if 64 QAM is used as modulation scheme

Privacy Radio
Policy resource is manage in LTE as resource grid....
- 1 Reso
Resourc
Marketing urce
eBBloc
lockk (RB)
(RB) = 12 Sub-ca
Sub-carri
rriers
ers

₋ Assume 20 MHz channel bandwidth (100 RBs), normal CP

Personalization
Therefore, number of bits in a sub-frame = 100RBs x 12 sub-carriers x 2 slots x 7 modulation symbols x 6 bits
Analytics
= 100800 bits
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Hence, data rate = 100800 bits / 1 ms = 100.8 Mbps

•
 If 4x4 MIMO is used, then the peak data rate would be 4 x 100.8 Mbps = 403 Mbps.
• If 3/4 coding is used to protect the data, we still get 0.75 x 403 Mbps = 302 Mbps as data rate

UL Throughput Calculation 23

LTE UL throughput calculation can be understand with following LTE system configuration.

This website- stores

For 20 MH
MHz
data z weashav
such have
e 100
100 PRBs/1
PRBs/1200
200 Subc
Subcarr
arrier
ierss
cookies to enable essential
- In Uplink
Upl forrsite
ink fo PUCC
PUCCH H 4 PRBs
PRBs are reserv
reserved
ed
functionality, as well as marketing,
- So
personalization, and(1
(100
00-4
-4)) PRB
PRBssYou
analytics. =9
96
6 PRB
PRBss
may change your settings at any time
- FoForr PRA
PRACH
CH 6 PRBs
PRBs ar
aree rres
eserv
erved
ed
or accept the default settings.
- So (9
(96-
6-6)
6) PR
PRBs
Bs = 90
90 PRB
PRBss

- In 1 RB
Privacy Policy RB = 84 RE and
and 2 Slot
Slotss
- So 84 (RE)
Marketing (RE) X 2 (Slots)
(Slots) X 4 bits/s
bits/symbol
ymbol (16
(16 QAM)
QAM) =672 bits/1
bits/1 ms
ms or 672000
672000 bits/se
bits/secc

=0.672 Mbits/sec
Personalization

Analytics
We have 90 PRBs

Data rate = 90 x 0.672 Mbps

Save Accept All
= 60.48 Mbps
 Out of 7 symbols, 1 symbol is reserved for DM-RS
Overhead = 60.48 – 60/7

UL Throughput = 51 Mbps
 

UE Categories 24

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8

This website stores

Peakdata
rate such as
cookies to enable essential site10/5
DL/UL
50/25 100/50 150/50 299/75 301/50 301/102 1200/600
Mbps
functionality, as well as marketing, Mbps Mbps Mbps Mbps Mbps Mbps Mbps
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your RFsettings at any time
20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz
Bandwidth
or accept the default settings.
Modulation
64 QAM 64 QAM 64QAM 64 QAM 64 QAM 64 QAM 64 QAM 64 QAM
DL
Privacy Policy
Modulation
16 QAM 16 QAM 16 QAM 16 QAM 64 QAM 16 QAM 16QAM 64 QAM
UL
Marketing
Rx Diver
Diversity
Personalization sity
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Analytics
MIMO DL 2x2 or 2x2 or
Optional 2x 2 2x 2 2x 2 4x4 8x8
4x4 4x4
Save Accept All

All categories support 20 MHz

 64QAM mandatory in downlink, but not in uplink(except Class 5 & 8)

2x2 MIMO mandatory in other classes except Class 1

Class 6, 7 & 8 added for R10
 

25

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

Privacy Policy
LTE Measurements
Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

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26

LTE Measurements
This website stores data such as
Physical
cookies layeressential
layer
to enable measurements
site have not been extensively discussed in the LTE standardization.
standardization. They could change.
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change  your settings at any time
UE measurements
or accept the default settings.

Privacy Policy • Reference

Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)

Marketing
• Reference
Reference Signal Received Quality ( RSRQ)
Personalization

Analytics

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27

Reference Signals Received Power (RSRP)

RSRP is the linear average of reference signal power (in Watts) across the specified bandwidth (in number of REs). This is
This
thewebsite stores dataitem
most important suchUE
ashas to measure for cell selection, reselection and handover.
handover. It is the one similar to CPICH
cookies
RSCP to
in enable
WCDMA. essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
RSRQ = N*RSRP/RSS
N*RSRP/RSSII
RSSI = Received Signal Strength Indicator
Privacy Policy
RSRQ = Reference Signal Received Quality
Marketing

Personalization
*3GPP TS 36.133
Analytics
Defi
Defini
niti
tion
on Is the
the rrec
ecei
eive
ved
d pow
power
er N*RS
N*RSPR
PR divi
divide
ded
d by
by tthe
he po
powe
werr den
densi
sity
ty in
the band. (N: number of RB’s)
Save Accept All
Ap
Appl
plic
icab
able
le RR
RRC
C idle
idle and
and RRC
RRC Conn
Connec
ecte
ted
d mo
mode
de (in
(intr
tra
a and
and in
inte
terr freq
freque
uenc
ncy)
y)
 Range [dBm]

28

Reference Signals Received Quality (RSRQ)

This website stores data such as RSRQ = N*RSRP/RSS

N*RSRP/RSSII
cookies to enable essential site RSSI = Received Signal Strength Indicator
functionality, as well as marketing, RSRQ = Reference Signal Received Quality
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

Privacy Policy

Marketing

Personalization
*3GPP TS 36.133
Analytics
Defi
Defini
niti
tion
on Is the
the rrec
ecei
eive
ved
d pow
power
er N*R
N*RSP
SPRR div
divid
ided
ed by th
the
e pow
power
er de
dens
nsit
ityy in
in
the band. (N: number of RB’
RB’s)
s)
Save Accept All
Ap
Appl
plic
icab
able
le RR
RRC
C Con
Conne
nect
cted
ed mode
mode only
only (int
(intra
ra and
and iint
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freque
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ncy)
y)
 Range [dB]

29

Downlink Radio Frame

Following is an example of one downlink radio frame. The red part is the resource elements in
This websitewhich
storesreference
data suchsignal
as is being transmitted. RSRP is the linear average of all the red part power
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

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Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

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30

RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator)

This website stores data such as

 Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI):
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
• RSSI represents
personalization, the total
and analytics. You received wide-band power by UE
It is measured
may •change only
your settings at in
anysymbols
time containing Reference
Reference signals
or accept
• It the defaultpower
includes settings.
from serving cell as well as co-channel interference and noise
• It helps in determining interference and noise information
• RSSI is never reported by UE
Privacy Policy

Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

Save Accept All

 

Example 31

This website stores data such as

cookiesExample
to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
Try toyour
may change calculate RSRP
RSRP,
settings , RSSI
at any time and RSRQ for one very simple case of one resource block
with
or accept 12default
the sub carriers and 0.5 ms in time domain. For sake of simplicity,
settings. simplicity, lets assume the

power of reference
other data channelssymbols
symb ols by
(shown (shown by red square)
blue square) is sameand power watt
power
i.e. 0.021 of other symbols carrying
carrying

Privacy Policy

Since RSRP is linear average of downlink reference signal for given channel bandwidth
Marketing
therefore
Personalization
RSRP = 10*log (0.021*1000) = 13.2 dBm
Analytics
While RSSI is total received wide-band power. Therefore we have to add power of all 12
carriers in the given resource block
Save Accept All
RSSI = 10*log(0.021*1000)+10*log(12) = 24 dBm

RSRQ is now simple ratio of RSRP to RSSI with N=1

 RSRQ = 10*log(0.021/(12*0.021)) = -10.79 dB

32
•

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

Privacy Policy
LTE Air Interface
Interface Channels
Marketing
Personalization

Analytics

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33
•

Downlink Channel Mapping

This website stores data such as Common Control Dedicated & Control
cookies to enable essential site PCCH BCCH CCCH DTCH MCCH MTCH
DCCH
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time Downlink Logical
or accept the default settings. Channels

Privacy Policy

Marketing
PCH BCH DL-SCH MCH
Personalization
Paging Downlink
Channels Transport
Analytics

Save Accept All

 DL-RS SCH PCFICH PBCH PHICH PDSCH PDCCH PMCH
System MBSFN Downlink Physical
Broadcast Channels

34
•

DL Logical Channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
• BCCH  – Broadcast Control CH
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your • settings
System at any time sent to all UE’s
information
or accept the default settings.

• PCCH – Paging Control CH

Privacy Policy Paging information when addressing UE
•

• Used when network does not know the

Marketing
location of the UE.
Personalization

Analytics
• CCCH  – Common Control CH

• Access information during call

Save Accept All
establishment
• Transmit control information between
UE and Network.
 • Used for UE having no RRC connection
with the network. LTE Channels

35
•

DL Logical channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
• DCCH – Dedicated Control CH
functionality, as well as marketing,
• User specific signaling and control
personalization, and analytics. You
• Used by UE having no RRC connection
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
• DTCH – Dedicated Traffic CH
• A point to point bi -directional channel
Privacy Policy
that transmit dedicated user
information between UE and the
Marketing network
Personalization

Analytics • MCCH – Multicast Control CH

• Signaling for multi-cast

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• MTCH – Multicast Traffic CH
• Multicast data
 LTE Channels

36
•

Transport
Transport channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well  –
• BCH asBroadcast
marketing,CH
personalization, and analytics. You
• Broadcast in the entire coverage
may change your settings at any time
area of the cell
or accept the default settings.
• Fixed pre defined transport format

Privacy Policy
• PCH – Paging CH
Marketing • Supports UE discontinuous reception
to enable UE power saving
Personalization
•

Analytics Mapped to the PDSCH

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 LTE Channels

37
•

Transport channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
• MCH – Multicast channel
functionality, as well as marketing,
• Used for multicast transmission
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
• DL-SCH  – Downlink Shared CH

• Supports UE discontinuous reception

Privacy Policy to enable UE power saving
• Supports HARQ 
Marketing
• Supports dynamic link adaption by
Personalization varying the modulation, coding and
Analytics transmit power

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 LTE Channels

38
•

PHY Channels
This website stores data such as
• PDSCH  – Physical DL Shared CH
cookies to enable essential site
• Carries the DL-SCH and PCH
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization,
• QPSK, and
16analytics.
QAM andYou64 QAM Modulation
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

• PBCH  – Physical Broadcast CH

Privacy Policy
• The coded BCH Transport block is mapped to four
sub frames with in a 40 ms interval. 40 ms timing is
Marketing
blindly detected i.e. there is no explicit signaling
Personalization
indicating 40 ms timing
• Each sub frame is assumed to be self decodable, i.e.
Analytics
the BCH can be decoded from a single reception,
assuming sufficiently good channel condition
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• PMCH – Physical Multicast Channel

 • Data and signaling for multicast LTE Channels
•

39
•

PHY Channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
• PDCCH  – Physical Downlink Control CHANNEL
personalization, and analytics. You
• Informs the UE about the resource
may change your settings at any time
allocation of PCH and DL- SCH and HARQ
or accept the default settings.
information related to DL- SCH.
• Carries the uplink scheduling grant
Privacy Policy • QPSK Modulation

Marketing
• PHICH – Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator
Personalization
• Carries HARQ ACK/ NACK in response to
Analytics uplink transmission
• QPSK Modulation
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• PCFICH – Physical Control Format Indicator

 •
Indicating the size of PDCC
• QPSK Modulation LTE Channels

40
•

Downlink Reference Signals

This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality,
• Downlink as well as marketing,
Reference Signal(DL-RS))
Signal(DL-RS
personalization, and analytics. You
• Downlink Channel estimation for
may changecoherent
your settings at any time at the UE
demodulation
or accept the default settings.
• Used to avoid the problem of frequency
drift
Privacy Policy

Marketing
• Primary Synchronization Signal(PSS)
Personalization
• Provides slot synchronization
synchronization and
Analytics
physical cell ID

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• Secondary Synchronization Signal(SSS)
• Provides frame synchronization and cell
 ID group

LTE Channels

41
•

Uplink Channels Mapping

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may change your settings at any time
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42
•

UL Logical channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
• CCCH  – Common Control CH
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, andcontrol
• Transmit
Tr ansmit information
analytics. You between UE and Network.
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• Used your
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• DCCH – Dedicated Control CH

Privacy Policy
• Used by UE having no RRC connection
Marketing
• Transmit
Transmit dedicated control information between UE and the
network.
Personalization

Analytics

• DTCH  – DedicatedAccept
Save Traffic All
Control CH
• Point to point bi-directional channel that transmit
transmit dedicated
control information between a UE and the network.
 •
Used by UE having no RRC connection
LTE Channels

43
•

UL Transport channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
• RACH – Random Access CH
personalization, and analytics. You
• Used
may change yourfor UE’s accessing
settings the network
at any time
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Channel settings.
minimal information
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transmission.
Privacy Policy

Marketing
• UL-SCH – Uplink Shared CH
Personalization
• Optional support for beam-forming

Analytics
• Supports dynamic link adaptation by varying the

transmit power and potentially modulation and

coding.
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• Supports Hybrid ARQ 
• Supports dynamic and static resource allocation.
 LTE Channels

44
•

UL Physical channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality,
• PUCCH-as well as marketing,
Physical Uplink control
control CH
personalization,
• and analytics.
Carries You
Hybrid ACK/NACK in response to downlink
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transmission
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scheduling request
• Carries CQI report
• BPSK and QPSK modulation
Privacy Policy
• PRACH   –  Physical Random Access CH
Marketing
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Preambles are generated from
Personalization
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sequence.
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• PUSCH   –  Physical Uplink Shared CH
Save • Carries UL-SCH
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• QPSK, 16QAM and 64 QAM modulation.
 LTE Channels

45
•

UL Physical channels
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
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personalization, and analytics. You
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Used time
channel estimation and
or accept the default settings.
coherent demodulation(both PUCCH
and PUSCH).
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Privacy Policy uplink data on PUSCH and PUCCH.
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channel the transmission of uplink
to enable channel
scheduling
Save Accept All
• Not associated with transmission of
uplink data
 LTE Channels

46
•

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

Privacy Policy Overhead Calculation

Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

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47
•

Sync Signals
Signals and
and Frame Type
Type 1 - FDD
Subframe 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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 S-SS

Synchronization Signals Overhead

•48

•Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS)

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as marketing,
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your settings at any to
Identical calculation time
PSS; same overhead as for PSS
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Privacy Policy 10ms Radio frame

2
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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 1 2 3 4 5 6
Extended CP

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time domain (FDD
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Single Antenna
Antenna Port and DL Reference Signals
49
•

DL RS, Normal TCP DL RS, Extended TCP

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2 Port DL Reference Signals, Normal TCP 50

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DL RS, Normal TCP

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 R1
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this port

51
•

 Antenna Port Layering

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personalization, and analytics. You
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Privacy Policy 1
Marketing

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Analytics

Save Accept All

 eNodeB

52
•

 Antenna Port Layering

This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
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personalization, and analytics. You
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Privacy Policy 1
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3
Save Accept All
 eNodeB

53

DL Reference Signal Overhead

•

Reference Signal (RS)

This website stores data such as
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If 1 Txessential
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functionality, as well as marketing,there are 8 RSs per PRB
personalization, andantenna*:
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there are 12 RSs per PRB
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•
or Example
accept below:settings.
the default Normal CP (84 RE) & 2 Tx antenna*, DL RS overhead = 8 / 84 = 9.52 %

Privacy Policy

Marketing

Personalization

Analytics

Save Accept All

 * with 1/2/4 Antenna Ports PRB: Physical Resource Block

PDCCH, PHICH, and PCFICH overhead 54

•

Subframe
0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9
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S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
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R0 R0 port

System Overhead Downlink 55

•

ThisPDCCH,
website PCFICH and such
stores data PHICHas
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default scenario – PDCCH Area is 3 Symbols wide
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Privacy Policy
• x depends upon the number of RE already occupied by the Reference Signal
Signal
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x = 2 for 1 transmit antenna
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x = 4 for 2 transmit antenna
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20 MHz
MHz = 100 R
RB
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x = 4 for 4 transmit antenna
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Save Accept All
when y = 1
PCFICH = 3 Symbols
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x = 8 for 4 transmit antenna Dual Stream
 when y = 2 or 3 16.67% Overhead

PBCH Overhead 56
•

Occupies (288* – x) Res Resource

ource Element
Elementss (REs) per 20 timeslots
timeslots per transmit antenna
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to enable essential
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functionality, as well as marketing,
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analytics. 2 Tx antennas, 10 MHz bandwidth;
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Overhead = (288 – 24) / (84 × 20 × 50) = 0.31%
or accept the default settings.
one radio frame = 10 ms

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 Repetition Pattern of PBCH = 40 ms

PBCH * PBCH uses central 72 Subcarrier over 4 OFDM symbols in Slot 1

 

UL Demodulation Reference Signal Overhead 57

•

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable
Demodulation essentialSignal
Reference site (DRS)
functionality,
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as 4
marketing,
th OFDM symbol
personalization, and analytics.
of each RB occupied You
by the PUSCH.
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Privacy Policy

Marketing
UL DRS occupies
occupies the whole
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allocated band except 2 “RB PUCCH
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Reference signal: 12 RE (per RB)
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All
PUCCH /(84 x50) =13.14%
PUCCH
 

58
•

UL DRS Overhead
This website stores data such as
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to enable essential site
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as marketing,
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CP.
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Save Accept All
20 MHz 8 ((100-8) × 1212)) / (1
(100
00 × 84) = 13.14 %
 * for normal CP

59
•

PRACH Overhead
•PRACH
This website stores data such as
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cookies to enable
PRACHessential site
uses 6 Resource Blocks in the frequency domain.
functionality, as well as marketing, resource blocks is dynamic. Two parameters from RRC layer define it:
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time
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(100

60

Multiple PUCCH in One Subframe

•

Subframe
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PUCCH 2 PUCCH 3
 PUCCH 0 PUCCH 1

61
•

PUCCH Overhead
This website stores data such as
•PUCCH
cookies to enable essential site
• Ratio
functionality, as wellbetween the number
as marketing, of RBs used for PUCCH and the total number of RBs in
personalization, and analytics. You
frequency domain per TTI
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

Channel BW PUCCH RB/slot PUCCH Overhead

Privacy Policy
1.4 MHz 1 1 / 6 = 16.67 %
3 MHz 2 2 / 15 = 13.33 %
Marketing
5 MHz 2 2 / 25 = 8 %
Personalization
10 MHz 4 4 / 50 = 8 %
15 MHz 6 6 / 75 = 8 %
Analytics
20 MHz 8 8 / 100 = 8%
Save Accept All

PUCCH carries UCI(Uplink Control Information),

 i.e, Aperiodic CQI reports and ACK/NACK

Physical Layer Overhead Example 62

•

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
Example of
functionality, asoverhead:
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personalization,
• DL 2Tx – 2RX and analytics. You
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1TX - 2RX
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• PRACH in every frame

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OTDOA
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Personalization

Analytics

Save Accept All

 

Summary
63
•

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default E-UTRAN architectur
settings. architecture
e


Privacy Policy LTE Physical layer structure
 Air interface resources
Marketing

Personalization UE measurements (RSRP/RSRQ)
Analytics

Save Accept All

 

64
•

This website stores data such as

cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.

Privacy Policy “HAPPY LEARNING”

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Personalization

Analytics MobileComm
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