Task 1 Waves A benz B) metre C metre per second D second ‘The diagram shows a wave. Which labelled distance is the wavelength? | What is the number of wavefronts per second that pass a fixed point? | A the amplitude of the wave | (@) the trequency of the wave © the speed of the wave D__ the wavelength of the wave The diagram shows a water wave in a ripple tank. Which line represents a wavefront? ~wave of The diagram shows a site view of # water Barta iy sae. Which statement about the warve i@ correct? A The wave @ longtudinal and the frequency cart be meaniced tom 9 8 ‘The weve lenghacinel end the wavelengih can be mecsured tag, c ‘The ware i raneverse Bnd the trequency can be moseured tom ty gy ©) ‘The ware i vanererse and the wavelength can be measured tn tty ge na ir re eect that canon the wave ko reach point P? The wave roaches paint # What is he name of & ittencticns 8 capersion tePection O retractionThe hagas represents a water wave, aw age octceanepn tenon {Which row shows the amplitude and the wavelangth of the wave? How many wavelengths aro there between X and Y? A 3 Bt © y D3in deep water. 9 Awater wave moves quickly in deeP deep shallow water Wat, water waves ‘The wave now enters shallow water and its speed decreases. Which row shows what happens to the frequency of the wave, any, wavelength of the wave? frequency wavelength A| — decreases decreases B | decreases | does not change ©} does not change decreases D | does not change | does not change 10 A boy throws a small stone into @ pond. Waves ‘spread out from where tes? and travel to the side of the pond, j ‘The boy notices that eight waves reach the side of the pond in a time of508 ‘What is the frequency of the waves? A 0.20H2 | B 0.63Hz © t6Hz D> 40Hz : Freqeness = - ‘Whats the unit of wavelength? 1] A hertz | metre C_ metre per second 2 secondind waves of frequency 2.0kHz travel through a substance at a speed of 800 m/s, at is the wavelength of the waves? 0.40m B 25m frequency of a wave is doubled © 400m D 1600m ve F), . Le we so Y- See |. The speed of the wave does not Fhange, "20080 => 0.4m at happens to the wavelength of the wave? ia Itbecomes four times as large |B Itdoes not change. |e ttdoubles. (© tthatves. | The diagram shows a water wave passing through a gap in a harbour wall. The wavefronts curve found the wall and reach a small boat in the harbour. wavefront | What is the name of this curving effect, and how can the gap be chang do not reach the boat? make the gap slightly smaller harbour wall harbour i boat gap change to the gap make the gap slightly bigger make the gap slightly bigger make the gap slightly smaller ed so that the wavefronts15 The diagram sl displacement displacement Which statement is correct? hows four waves drawn to the same scale. Azh distance distance We Warten he displacement displacement distance A) The amplitude of wave P is the same as the amplitude of wave R/~” ‘The amplitude of wave S is double the amplitude of wave Q. C The wavelength of wave Q is double the wavelength of wave P. X D ‘The wavelength of wave S is the same as the wavelength of wave Q. 16 Awater wave passes into a region where the wave travels more slowly. As it passes into the slow region, what happens to the frequency and what happens to the Wavelength of the wave? frequency wavelength A decreases remains the same 5 increases remains the same © remains the same decreases D | remains the same increases17 Te diagrams show \gpich diageam shows what happens 0 the waves? A fast slow deep shallow water water ~ Os deep shallow water water water waves that move more stowly after passing [nto hallow water, 8 ae slow | LN deep shattow water water ny fast slow | A | | een shattow weer ‘wateri id of the wave is fast 1 Awater wave in a tank travels from a region where the spec tr, where it is slower. that shows the wavefronts in the region where, Fig. 6.1 is one-quarter scale diagram faster. faster region wavefronts =: tank. NN Fig. 6.1 (scale: 1.0cm represents 4.0cm) (a) (i) Take measurements from the scale diagram in Fig. 6.1 to deters vavelength‘ the water wave as it travels in the faster region, rue ae nah O.6% 422 Germ The woriglnaht. hi in the 4 er region i DM wavelength = {ii) The speed of the wave in the faster region is 0.39m/s. Calculate the frequency of the wave. S peed = wavelenght X Treqsency Pe e wen Frequenc > frequency = .. 4 20. 1626 We (b) On Gn Fi. 6.1, draw Wins that ndeate te positions of the wavefronts of the water wave in " Bree Ve :ic) State what happens: to the frequency of the water wave as it (ce) _ 3 ‘ Passes into the slower region. “{a} Two types of seismic waves are produced by earthquakes. They are called P-waves and s-waves. P-waves are longitudinal and S-waves are transverse. () Explain what is meant by the terms /ongitudinal and transverse. longitudinal .Lemqshatbs Axt.inealrioh..partiles Roasslang.le.. (ii) Asseismic wave has a speed of 7.2km/s and a frequency of 30 zs Calculate its wavelength. VEE 2 ye ~ = £ $0 Xe 30 . wavelength Le OTR and 248(b)_ Fig. 5.1 shows an electric bell ringing in a sealed glass chamber containing a to vacuum pump Fig. 5.1 ‘A student hears the bell ringing, The air is then removed from the chamber, State and explain any change in the sound heard by the student, oll (Me medion) Thee particles can. net wvey SONA sings Hyouale be3 (a) Fig. 5.4 shows an aerial view of wavefronts passing from thi '@ Open sea into an outer harbour. open sea outer harbour wall Tairection of wave travel inner harbour wall [oa Y = ‘ iter harbour P YD inner harbour Fig. 5.1 (i) The wavefronts in the outer harbour are curving at their ends. Name the process iC£cac tion, (ii) “On Fig. 5.1, carefully the outer harbour an‘ the outer harbour and three a i that is occurring at the entrance to the harbour. ‘as the wavefronts progress through complete the wave pattern 1 Sinto the inner harbour. Show the rest of the wave peter in 3) in the inner harbour.arial view of wavefronts in deep water apy Prog (0) Fig. 82 shows an travel more slowly. shallow water where they: Shallow Waly Fig. 5.2 {0 Name the Process that ° oa tmewne @ m Comme Fis. 62 to show possible ic Positions of the five wavefronts inTask 2 ee ——___ For a transverse wave, What is a wavefront? aline joining all points on the same crest of a Wave B__aline showing the displacement of a wave: the energy content of a wave D_ the first part of a wave to reach @ point Alongitudinal wave passes along a Spring. The coils of the Sprin, 19 vibrate ftom side to side, The diagram shows the positions of the coils at one Particular time, | I Pe bee eh ef TE | I il x Y Zz Which positions are one wavelength apart? | A Wandx B Wandz © XandzZ —— (B) Yandz . I [> Awater wave in a ripple tank refracts as it passes from deep water to shallow water. Which properties change as the wave refracts? A. frequency and amplitude kil 7 Frayne waver B frequency and wavelength vqet © speed and frequency Speed and wavelength i i of air at +A sound wave travels through air. 4s lines in the diagram show the positions of layers of ai | One particular ewe | Weel @| (7 \Which distange shows the eevee f the wave? Icis used to show wave pehaviour. The dipper vibrates yp ty, ple tank is 5 A‘iol frequency. vibrating { dipper % water tank —| glass block What happens tothe frequency and fo the speed of the wave 2s it reaches tess frequency speed | A decreases decreases B decreases increases ©] _ remains the same decreases D | remains the same increases 6 Awave has a frequency of 10kHz. Which pair of values of its speed and wavelength is possible? speed wavelength mis mn A 330 0.33 300; 33 c 3.0 x 10° 30 D 3.0.x 10° 3.0 x 10¢7 Energy can be transferred in many different ways. Inwhich situation is energy transferred by wave motion? ‘A. colliding atoms in a heated copper rod B fast-moving electrons in a cathode-ray oscilloscope © hot water rising in a heated saucepan © ripples passing across water in a ripple tank 8 Which of the following travels as a longitudinal wave? A aradio wave in air (8) a sound wave in a solid © awave ona rope shaken from side to side D_aninfra-red wave in space 9 The diagram shows a ball floating in a tank of water. direction of wave — alll Which diagram shows the movement of the ball as the wave passes?18 Awenee tae w toquency of 2 He. How nary wanes are produced in one f srw ©% e2 i Bin 11 The diagrae shows the pattern of waves in a ripple tank, Y NSlo tank, @ViIbrLGE ProdUGes Oirouler wavetronts vhich hit fat surges, (a vibrator 1 inantnpl ‘The raflectad waveltonls are also parts of circles, Where is the contre of thase circtes? Ae Be feesexsoscr tos TTI) (oa vibrator DB 1ho displacomont-distance and displacemant-time graphs are for a water wave in a ripple tank. displacement displacement 0 § = § f distance/em 0 Jos 0.06 timess | speed = + What is tho spoed of the water wave? a : soomis $0 Spor A O02cmis — 0.08em/s14 Astudent uses a spring to demonstrate waves. He moves the spring with his hang, HE spring placed on bench Which diagram demonstrates the type of wave produced by a source of sound? A i WAU) LOMA OOO MUMMINE 6.80 Oot o D 2oponsongnonensnngeneneneyoes “~15 Which diagram shows an example of a longitudinal wave? A. light travelling from a lamp to a screen ef ‘amp lens soreen a spring pushed backwards and forwards ——> SRT TTT TTT _aspring pushed up and down which force must be overcom 6? TW When ice melts to become water, A. the attraction between electrons and the nucleus B. the attraction between the atoms In a molecule \C/ the force between molecules D the force of gravitying from deep wate, diagram correctly represents water saves travelling fr p 110 shay, 17 Which diagra B @ deep deep shallow shalloy c D deep NK shallow shallow 18 s eee Crests seen from above Which letters represent a wavelength and a wavefront? [—[wevetonat | waveronr] R P s Q R D Q supp tank's sed to damonsiato refraction of plano war wavs, doop water shallow wator 9.6em/s i mf ee \ Tem See ae i 0.8¢m, Se fea, boundary a diiahe Se GMs Woves in deep water have a wavelength of 1.2cm and a speed of 9.6cm/s. Tho wavolongth of the waves in shallow water is 0.8m. What is the speed of the waves in the shallow water? ® 6acmis B 8.0cm/s C 96cm/s D 14.4cm/s 20 The diagram shows a water wave In a ripple tank. 3.0cm 3.0cm gq 15m 150m The wave has a speed of 120m/s at R. from 3.0m to The wave crosses a boundary PQ where the distance between crests: ae 180m, dee Whe > What is the speed of the wave at S? ° Wald 24cm! & . A aocm/s — @) 6 o0em/s tems D2 ~bom |sare transverse. nal and somo waves om a transverse Wave. 1 Some waves are longitudl i iffers {1 (a) State how a Jongitudinal wave differs ripple tank. Fig. 9.1 shows the cro tank whore the depth of the waters gn! viata cos a wator wave in A vibrating rod produces @ wal * passing Wo tho right-hand section of the the depth in tho rest of the tank. vibrating rod . fepth of water different wave crests Fig. 9.1 ‘The arrows on Fig. 9.1 show the direction of travel of the wave in the two sections ¢ ripple tank. ())_ In the left-hand section of the tank, the wavelength of the wave is 0.019m and itt2 at0.17m/s. Calculate the frequency of the wave. Ff: to Fe £29.02. (i) State what happens tothe frequency of the wave, as it passes into the right-hand sect of the tank. well int daa, N {il Using Fig. 9.1, state and explain what happens to the spead of the wave as it pass into the right-hand section of the tank. “| w weagaan ciitonaiiee: Latwae A Mgliiitial Mave and M Kiana niin sya ay HIE Hagel, yet lel 1 Hil yale feeplaniatint natty | Meas) 7 p | (000 008 tite be te eiike |. Bagh anh 7 tadgreg.on We Mala ; Py Tian HR MLO Me agi Vadfanech hf nty en ae Vdd st AB adic cheba td Nitin dh de 44, MPa t ‘ie 7 D , \ AbeGeanantfhiesettaanchtiithteby Anant hea Htians AMA Aba ARRAN pas ke Sntntabagg Xitel Melb son AMM Rio LM A obea dabble WA Metin vay My whe {h) Aeound wave Nan a tequaney Of GH hHZ and a speed af 690m/s, {) Caloulate the wavelength ‘ol the BOUnG, 2h ® OO RoW wavelength © {N) Aditfarent sound has @ {requency of BH, hy normal hearing Is able to hear this Bound, Aha yor. 20, vol eal Nia tA LOIN iG dsnA A io MAN asl eo cna PAA Sk er AAAI ut OG fed HNC puoputly te. 4 » to Nig ks titate and explain whether # human wilin daop wator in a ripple tank, i 3 Fig. 0.1 shows tho wavatronta of a water wave 6,00m, _——$0e_——+} Fig. 9.1 Tho traquoney of tha wave in daop water Is 6.0Hz. (a) Explain what Is meant by tho froquency of a wave. (b) ()_ Determine the wavolength of the wave in deep water, Eka lt Su BB Abn MAEM sola (W). Calculate the spoed of tho wave in deep water, °= ~*¥e ley ae also hy = Ax Le =! Sem => 0.015m $0 Se 0-015 5 = 0.045 mile (c) The wave passes from de shalonorveten 'eP water Into shallow water. The speed of the wave is less (9 Stato and explain how this affects the wavelength of the wave, " che Creasesb ‘The wave in deep water shown in Fig. 9.2 travels bas water at an angle. The wave retracts. towards the right ang a | | Fig. 9.2 On Fig. 2.2, draw the wavefronts in the shallow water, Bi vee (2) @ The sped a ound in etbon dae ps oss tan ha speed ol sundae Ug this information, or otherwise, describe an experiment to show the refracton of sound waves. include a diagrgm of your apparatus. he You may Carbon diomag » a ree Lent ast a 3 8 ei ae ee 2,nik, tor wave IS produced ina ripple ta 4 Awatl é tank and describe how it ie used fo Proc @ Dron of ~ ight 1 A <= oy pple el (il) The water wave in the ripple tank transters energy, Describe how to show that there is a transter of energy. ‘phend, , git, As Bf Ave umietoonts 6 enya ee, ripgies:(by Fig, 1-1 shows the variation with time fof the height of water at the same place in the tank \e tal two wavos P and Q. The height is sometimes above and ‘ir torch is marked as O, Sometimes below the mean level whic! hoight of waler height of water t/ms difference ....LnJan.e: Awa... i similarity ..... H@kd.(ii) The speed of the water wave is 0.20m/s. Determine 1. the frequency of wave P, nf ~ +z ~ so fe = Period f= 0.0044 H2 frequency = .. BOO 2. the wavelength of wave P. v5 £ 1 ve Soe ae oe d= Ovoads, te £0. bi wavelength =Task 3 bee eee maa travelling in free space from point A to point B. (a) The dia" B distance 080 {The distance from A to Bis 0.60 m. Calculate the wavelength of this microwave. J bo a \Weawe vy ——————— AF-S = O.Um wavelength =O.» 2. m (i) State the equation linking wave speed, frequency and wavelength. aw Vs Wavelersine * Frenuencry microwave. (ii) Calculate the frequency of this 0 x 10% m/s} w ) {speed of microwave in free space = 3. Freauency = speek » F- 2999000909 = OD Fa }.Sxio* a \S00c0 00 VP * ‘ 1. Sy0. ne frequency =dio waves and microwa im nat happens 10 i nd {b) The diagrams show W! | past a hill. Diagram 1 Diagram 2 {) Name the effect shown by the radio waves in diagram 1. Pi ffrackion._ : = e Ai) Suggest why this effect is not shown by the microwaves in diagram 2. Ihis.is.. be cauge ~thge radio way es. the. Larkins byoadeasts ‘) \ re Microwaves have 1 Mictoweves can pass oog aTmos hare aS...thas _travtl . . ay eit salelite, thousands of kilot® 3 s z Ls (Total for Questio® peaneniatrdee ‘owl be increased incre to nae tng & @) ercttade " Ch 8 tequency seed OO waetiengey i Wich property of the 1ound wave should be inc te higher petched sound? reared in orcéer to make sy DA amplitude % frequency oC speed DD wavelength 1B) Sound waves travel at fornpindinal waves. Other waves are tanwwerse, © Give an example of a traniverte wave, Lint wave citer. OF Describe how the wineations of longitudinal waves and tanivene waves Fe Te saibete homes, \anghubira! SHAVE owt back aod. feria see. of TA aaaesy.. : wha be ode: ee raeThey all have the same wavelength, 3. Somewaves travel across the sea. ? by the term wavelength? a) What is meant (b) The waves travel across the sea at 3.0 m/s and have a frequency of 1.5 Hz (i) State the equation linking wave speed, frequency and wavelength. Speed = Freqeancs xX wave lems ht te ot ve F% (i) Calculate the wavelength of the waves. VE PLE wavelength... m ft (©) This photograph was taken f Aa aah 'n from an aeroplane. It shows a sea defence, with a gap Sea defenceri} rain tv a Won nH ate | ye, Vee, fea ay r \ iar ! Gh Stet Vive nuh Ware NN% Gh He. BPTEAA. WAL by weet Wh Lvved . retlet ana. thei 1p WEAR BH ! vt TT aM MERON tt za\\wA Asse Agi 3 iW) opal why Tlie waves do Hat take a similar pattorn he eae a Daitérn as thay pass thiough ay 4) VA oc otk Wgher pew. ands . ve alae WA A Mit hoy ee of \ght Yranels. iy diaig hk Lraviewe rae waves A\io \ LA Aes tel may by henge We wenden (Total for Question marks)i spi ‘ rea vo an axctioscore (0 UDIAY a sound yay no Is connec cope screen 4 Amictophot oscilloscope . co on the | ows the UF 1 Tho diagrams T LF je gna tele of or feeqwency M | | | | 1 | i | The oscilloscope settings are: Y direction: 1 square = 1V X direction: 1 square = 0.001 s (a) (How many time periods are shown on the trace? 0-00\ x L= O.00r9. (i) What is the frequency of the sound wave? . ¥ Frequency= 00..-—fh the trace of 2 sound wave with a smalle i f amy he wave shown by the dotted line. ekeude and id below, sketc! the grid bel ) Oger recency than (2) (Total for Question _= 5 marks)? ry Which lenge shows the amplitude of the waive teh ga ae 2© oo (0) Arman matches some waves pass his boat, Ne sees esto he waves pats hien every $4. ite terry ok ese wes Fed i &o ' Fak = d Frequency» >> *Oln, rota tor ue”