Blood Glucose Measurement

Indications Screening for Symptomatic - Diagnosis – Monitoring

Primary: Type I – Type II – Gestational DM
Causes Secondary Hyper: Cushing Syndrome – Gigantism – Hyperthyroidism – Pancreatitis
Secondary Hypo: Addison – GH Dwarfism – Hypothyroidism – Insulinoma
Newborn 40-60 mg/dl Infant (up to 2 yr.) 50-80 mg/dl
Normal
Child 60-100 mg/dl Adult 75-110 mg/dl
OGT Test: 1.75 gm/kg Glucose After 8 h fasting
In DM Symptomatic + RBG > 200 mg/dl FBG > 126 mg/dl
2 h > 200 mg/dl DKA > 300 RBG or > 250 FBG
1. Continuous BGM → by Electrode on SC Tissue and records average value / 5 min
Advantage: Non-invasive – Continuous
Disadvantage: Still need glucometer for calibration – Complex
Measure
2. Glucometer → by blood drop on Strip
Advantage: Simple – Easy – cheap – Reliable
Disadvantage: Invasive – Not know about level between measures
1. Caple connecting it to Computer
2. Lancet
3. Case
4. Glucometer Lancing device
Tools 5. cap with dial to set depth of skin puncture
6. Test strip /Vial containing
7. Cotton balls

1. Introduction – Brief explain to mother – Prepare child by relaxation or distraction

2. Wash hands by soap for 15 sec
3. Wash child Hand by warm water, Dry it well (better than alcohol)
4. Insert Strip and Turn Device on
Steps
5. Poke finger by Lancet side half way between tip, and 1 st IPJ →Avoid center
6. Wait for sec for relaxation of BVs. If no flow → Milking from base → avoid squeezing
7. Drop the blood from above to below on Strip then Dressing with cotton
8. Disposable of Lancet, Strips
Errors Bad Cleaning - Improper Application of Blood drop – Expired - Improper calibration