To: Greg Ledford

From: Anna (Suan) Lin

Date: May 1, 2014
RE: Bidding for Hertz: Leveraged Buyout

Hertz is a very attractive investment under the current bidding landscape. Our valuation of $14.8
billion earn an estimated return of 27% in five years for partners, offer Ford with a higher
valuation than it would receive from an IPO, and strengthen our position in transportation and
automobile industry. Given our competitive advantages in ABS debt financing, it would be
difficult for the rival bidding group to outbid us.

Valuation

LBO Model

The current valuation is based on an EV/EBITDA of 7.3 times (Appendix 1), a premium
multiple compared to the 6.9x derived from the total value of RAC and HERC segments. Hertz is
one of the top three market leaders in rental car industry with strong yet stable revenue flows.
Car rental is a fairly stable business, especially Hertz has been focused on business customers for
decades. With an industry-standard revenue projection of 6 % CAGR, our partners will earn
25%-30% IRR. In a base scenario of 4% CAGR revenue growth, the bottom-line is 18% in 2010.

Since Ford has left Hertz as an orphan, we could add great value to Hertz by cost savings. In five
years, we could potentially increase EBITDA margin to 17%, 300 basis points increase. Cost
saving opportunities include:
 Reduce direct operating cost & SG & M from 60% to 55%
 Stabilize capital expenditure
 Optimize international operations to a comparable level of U.S

Overall, Hertz seems a great LBO candidate given its predictable cash flow, cost reduction
potential, good corporate image, and capable management. In addition, Hertz’s strong brand
recognition makes it an ideal exit candidate in any coming years, since it’s already a ready-to-
IPO corporation. In the next five years, a potential IPO of Hertz could offer our partners up to
37% IRR. On the other hand, Ford wouldn’t receive the same high valuation given Hertz’s
current low EBITDA margin.

IPO Option

It would not be ideal for Ford to launch an IPO at this point. Hertz currently has a low EBITDA
margin compared to Avis, its largest competitor. As a result, it would be challenging for Ford to
obtain a high IPO valuation given its operation. If Ford chose to file an IPO, the EBITDA
multiple is approximate 6.3x – 6.8x, giving Hertz a total valuation of $14 billion (Appendix 3).
It is lower than our current offering of 7.3x EBITDA with $14.8 billion. In addition, it would
take Ford management significant amount of time and resource to prepare for this IPO.
Management at Ford isn’t known for dedicating to improving Hertz growth, which makes an IPO
initiated by Ford unattractive.
However, Hertz does have the potential to be a great IPO candidate. The company could
experience a significant EBITDA boost through cost reduction in a fairly short amount of time. If
we assume the same revenue growth in the LBO case, Hertz should be valued around $20 billion
within a year (Appendix 4). Thus, if by any chance that growth projection changes, our firm
could obtain a quick exit though IPO before Hertz faces its bottleneck in growth.

Although a quick IPO exit may raise public suspect of how our firm could add value in such a
short amount of time, an industry-average 8x EBITDA multiple could bring up to 30% IRR
within a year. It may largely depend on the market environment, but we can always keep this
option in mind.

Outbid the rival bidding group

Our arrangement in ABS financing gives us a distinct advantage. The flexibility of ABS
arrangement allowed us to increase or decrease debt with fleet size, which significantly lowers
the risk of this investment. In addition, ABS debt carried a low interest rate for LBO-type
financing (4.5%) (Appendix 5), enables Hertz to save cash on hand for business development.
This feature has been one of our key drivers of LBO model. It is unlikely that our competitor
bidding group would obtain a more competitive debt structure.

On the growth perspective, rental car industry has experienced stable if not declining sales. Hertz
as a business is also in its mature stage. A CPGR revenue growth rate of over 6% would be
considered too aggressive. As a result, banks would likely be reluctant to finance this deal.

Next Step

Our current valuation, 7.3x EBITDA with a total enterprise value of $14.8 billion is a very
reasonable offer. Ford management is not likely to receive any higher bid than this one. In
addition, IPO will not give Ford better payout since they have abandoned the opportunity to
boost Hertz’s operations for a long time. Our competitive financing schedule helps us create a
competitive edge against the other bidding group. Most importantly, Hertz is a very good
candidate for our partners, as it could yield over 25% within five years at a very affordable level
of risk.
Appendix:

1. Current Transaction

T ra nsa ctio n V a lua tion

Corporation RAC HERC
Debt $ 12,500.0 84% EBITDA $ 692.50 $ 464. 20 $ 228.30
EBITDA
Equity $ 2,300.0 16% Mul tipl e 6.9x 7.0x 6.5x
Total Asset $ 14,800.0 100% Fl e e t V alue $ 9,767.3 $ 9,767. 3 -
Premium 2% Total $ 14,530.2 $ 13,035. 3 $ 1,494.9
EBITDA $ 1,017.1
Re ve nue $ 7,409.7
EBITDA Multiple 7.3x

2. IRR Analysis
IRR
2006P 2007P 2008E 2009E 2010E
Case
Exit EBITDA 938.90 1084.70 1182.40 1321.90 1355.30
Book Value of
Fleet 8733.103 9344.421 9905.0859 10400.34 10868.36
Implied Enterprise
Value at Exit 16244.3 18022.02 19364.286 20975.54 21710.76

Less: Debt 13450 14002 14391 14610 14769

Implied Equity Value at
Exit 2794.3 4020.0 4973.3 6365.5 6941.8

Equity Y0 (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0)

Aggregate Return Y1 2794.3 - - - -

Y2 - 4,020.0 - - -

Y3 - - 4,973.3 - -

Y4 - - - 6,365.5 -

Y5 - - - - 6,941.8
IRR 21% 32% 29% 29% 25%

Upside
Exit EBITDA 1043.5 1122.3 1192.4 1337.9 1550.1
Book Value of
Fleet 8733.1 9344.4 9905.1 10400.3 10868.4
Implied Enterprise
Value at Exit 17081.3 18322.7 19444.6 21103.5 23269.0

Less: Debt 13450 14002 14391 14610 14769

Implied Equity Value at
Exit 3631.3 4320.7 5053.6 6493.5 8500.0

Equity Y0 (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0)

Aggregate Return Y1 3631.3 - - - -

Y2 - 4,320.7 - - -

Y3 - - 5,053.6 - -
I RR
2006P 2007P 2008E 2009E 2010E
Case
Ex it EBITDA 938.90 1084.70 1182.40 1321.90 1355.30
Book V al ue of
Fl e et 8733.103 9344.421 9905.0859 10400.34 10868.36
Impli ed Ente rpri se
V al ue at Exi t 16244.3 18022.02 19364.286 20975.54 21710.76

Le ss: Debt 13450 14002 14391 14610 14769

Impli ed Equity V al ue at
Ex it 2794.3 4020.0 4973.3 6365.5 6941.8

Equi ty Y0 (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0)

A ggre gate Return Y1 2794.3 - - - -

Y2 - 4,020.0 - - -

Y3 - - 4,973.3 - -

Y4 - - - 6,365.5 -

Y5 - - - - 6,941.8
IRR 21% 32% 29% 29% 25%

Upside
Ex it EBITDA 1043.5 1122.3 1192.4 1337.9 1550.1
Book V al ue of
Fl e et 8733.1 9344.4 9905.1 10400.3 10868.4
Impli ed Ente rpri se
V al ue at Exi t 17081.3 18322.7 19444.6 21103.5 23269.0

Le ss: Debt 13450 14002 14391 14610 14769

Impli ed Equity V al ue at
Ex it 3631.3 4320.7 5053.6 6493.5 8500.0

Equi ty Y0 (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0)

A ggre gate Return Y1 3631.3 - - - -

Y2 - 4,320.7 - - -

Y3 - - 5,053.6 - -
 Base
Exit EBITDA 936.92 1029.45 1068.37 1123.53 1158.70
Book Value of
Fleet 8733.103 9344.421 9905.0859 10400.34 10868.36
Implied Enterprise
Value at Exit 16228.5 17579.99 18452.019 19388.612 20137.99

Less: Debt 13450 14002 14391 14610 14769

Implied Equity Value
at Exit 2778.5 3578.0 4061.0 4778.6 5369.0

Equity Y0 (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0) (2300.0)

Aggregate
Return Y1 2778.5 - - - -

Y2 - 3,578.0 - - -

Y3 - - 4,061.0 - -

Y4 - - - 4,778.6 -

Y5 - - - - 5,369.0
IRR 21% 25% 21% 20% 18%

3. IPO Valuation

Ford

Comparables

EBITDA 692.5
EBITDA Multiple 6.84x
Fleet Value 9,767.3
Total 14,506.3

DCF

Enterprise Value $ 14,161.6

Debt $ 9,180.3

Equity Value $ 4,981.3

2005 Adjusted EBITDA $ 692.5

EBITDA Multiple 6.3x

4. IPO PE Case
Hertz Revenue $ 17,361.8 $ 7,409.7 $ 692.5 9.3% 1.02x 6.84x
EBITDA $ 14,506.3
Fleet $ 9,767.3

Hertz Case 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Fleet 10,960.4 11,749.9 12,454.9 13,064.9 13,612.9 13,612.9
EBITDA $ 803.2 $ 1,043.5 $ 1,122.3 $ 1,192.4 $ 1,337.9 $ 1,550.1
Corporate $ 5,496.51 $ 7,141.08 $ 7,680.12 $ 8,160.16 $ 9,155.61 $ 10,607.63
EV $ 16,456.93 $ 18,891.00 $ 20,135.03 $ 21,225.07 $ 22,768.47 $ 24,220.49

Mean 1.22x 6.79x

Median 1.33x 6.42x
High 1.89x 8.47x
Low 0.45x 5.37x

5. Debt Schedule
Debt Schedule
Total 2005PF 2006P 2007P 2008E 2009E 2010E
Operating company debt
Term Loan facility (RAC), 8.0% 1800 14.4% 1800 1852 1872 1773 1562 1314
U.S. ABS notes, 4.5% (3) 4300 34.4% 4300 4902 5258 5585 5873 6146
International ABS notes, 4.9%(3) 1800 14.4% 1800 2096 2272 2433 2575 2709
Existing ABS debt, 4.0% 600 4.8% 600 600 600 600 600 600
Fleet (ABS) financing facilty 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senior ABL Facility, 7.0% 400 3.2% 400 400 400 400 400 400
Senior Euro notes, 7.88% 200 1.6% 200 200 200 200 200 200
Senior unsecured notes, 8.875% 2000 16.0% 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000
Existing senior subordinated notes, 7.0% 800 6.4% 800 800 800 800 800 800
Senior subordinated notes, 10.5% 600 4.8% 600 600 600 600 600 600

Total Debt 12500 1 12500 13450 14002 14391 14610 14769

Operating company interest Interest rate

Term Loan facility (RAC), 8.0% 8.0% 144 148.16 149.76 141.84 124.96
U.S. ABS notes, 4.5% (3) 4.5% 193.5 220.59 236.61 251.325 264.285
International ABS notes, 4.9%(3) 4.9% 88.2 102.704 111.328 119.217 126.175
Existing ABS debt, 4.0% 4.0% 24 24 24 24 24
Fleet (ABS) financing facilty 0 0 0 0 0
Senior ABL Facility, 7.0% 7.0% 28 28 28 28 28
Senior Euro notes, 7.88% 7.9% 15.76 15.76 15.76 15.76 15.76
Senior unsecured notes, 8.875% 8.9% 177.5 177.5 177.5 177.5 177.5
Existing senior subordinated notes, 7.0% 7.0% 56 56 56 56 56
Senior subordinated notes, 10.5% 10.5% 63 63 63 63 63

Fleet interest 305.7 347.294 371.938 394.542 414.46

Intrayear additional fleet 102.4 102.206 107.062 111.058 115.44
Total fleet interest 366 408.1 449.5 479 505.6 529.9

Total opearting interest 484.26 488.42 490.02 482.1 465.22

interest after tax
Tax 36.0% 309.9264 312.5888 313.6128 308.544 297.7408