A KHOA HOC BALCUGNG, HUONG DAN GIAL CAU NOL TRAC NGHIRM HOA BC Ai (2000-2001) . CHUGONG 1 CAUTA0 NGUYEN TU - DINK LUAT TUAN HOAN HE THONG TUAN HOAN CAC NGUYEN TO SHON CAU DUNG: {.Niing ieting ciia electron khi quay trén, odo trom nguyen Ht hydro due (ok hing ching tite A.Bshy C. B= (Kydes?) " @r-- 13.6.0) (ev) DLE. Syntgav * Huéug Dan : . E=hv.: Ihe tite Planck, cho bi€t nding Iuging bite xa hay. hap thu. phy thuge voy xt + n?meé4z? :_ 2n?met SRI TT gaye (dh Za), ty fa electron trén gut dao sing theo Bohr. thie tinh ning. lugng, cla 1), diy 12 biu the Ain nting fuyng 2 electron thea Slater, ¢6 anh hung cia higu Ung man (higu tng chin), ‘yHlydV:19 ng de tinh nding hvyng cha he nguyen Wi EK MC4S%) 21h eGng thie Un ming luyng Hién REC kh ei cuia Khai niin. xen phd vo, O43) ‘Gren et ia hein ch a i: 1 i ii nye U6 mo deff tyo ign tt sau: As? 2s" 2p* 35? 3p* 3a" 4s". AMe ©Co B.Se @z Dita * Hui ete pa si electron rén cde phn lbp -> Z=30 18 nguyen (6 KE (Zn) trong HTTH LDigu ti cndi cling clin nguySn Li cia nguyen (Z=14) dude hiéu dibn bling 19 4 sf egg t'sau: a * Huing Dan BG 4.86 ligne wn, fm. soho phép linh trang thai Sohn: 18.86 hgng tt chin. cing tng vi ant ty cba lectron trong nguyen tit, ining hing hay hip eleton «$0 E: 1 sat fing te phy hay si Itegng 1 orbital, cho bigt 16n phan kelp hay tn orb ign gid tty > (vedo dé ang va mit gid Wm heb n gid tri € Vi dge 3, = 66 3 gid {20 orbitai s bs i orbital p f22-> onbital d fe3 > orbital f lve eepai uve re, Cb AUR SIA Haan, _______HADALCAARAG SS m hay mn, Fs dng eh bigt ogi orbital theo jfjnh hudng trong tif ending, mi nhdn ede gid uur -L4.0 +t Su ret Abe Waid Wm 4.20 4 ayy yn dee m=-1— orbital py Re SATIS : t+ jm=0 ->orbital py t m=! — orbital p, Dae ce ees Sd (bay in 8c Wedng A spin, cl higt trang thai cia electron. Sé s cbf nh 2 gid wi: ne s/h electron quay en (nus lecron pay xuSng C4). Do di: vi Z=14 os: edu hinh electron ts? 25? 35? - 3p? : 50 d6 electron fa; n} : = Diga ud cui cing c6: n=3; fat; m=O; s+ 172, @ GiGi oA A.Digi Ue cui cit tity Ut cdi mgnytn U0 X diye bigu didn bikpg he 4 af lids tts needs Pe 2 mm -H jm = 44/2. Ng exceataane 5 A.L=38 C2242 . B25” D.Z=43 * hi : «Din AY cu6i cing c6 n=, I=? my =1, ang =41/2 = phn Jp ngodi cing cda X a: 4d? = Xe6 cfu hinh electron fi 1s? 25? 2p! 38° 3p ds? 3d! dp Se? 4a? => Zx ='40. S.Nguy@n Z=24 1 ‘A. Nauyén (63 chu ky 3 D.Nguyda i e6 Uah oxy héa man. 1B. Nguyén UF 6 phim VA ©)zwyen 6 co edu hinh cleciron his tr Ik 34st, Phi ‘Cflu hinh eleciron cia nguyen 6 es Z=24 Hi: 1s? 2s? 2p 35? 3p* 3a 4s! = Diy la nguyén 16 thude chu ky 4, nhdm VIB, la nguyén t6 d -> kim Jogi chuy€n titp 6 Nauytn 16 7224 ta ‘A. Neuen (6 ch ky 3 D. Neuse t6 c6 Nguyen i 0 ohm VI A EN 2) Kim losi. * Hung Dain : xem ciu 5. T.tat ty sp x€p theo tins kim oat ting dn etn 3 nguyen U8: 2, = 385 Za = 305 25 = 20: A.2a<%y VIIA va nhém 0), 8 nliém B (16 > VINB) : ~ Tromg cling chu k): i trdi sang phdi tinh kim logi giim dn va oh phi kirp tng din = Trong cing phiin nhiém ehfoh: tr wren xuing inh kim Joai Ging dfn, tinh phi kinn gid Khi vit cau hinh electron ca 3 nguy€u 16 trén ta thy: : = Nguy€n 18 Za va Z5 eting chu ky 4 => tinh kim loai cla Zz < Zs (1) " Nguy€n 16 Z; vi Zs cing phn nhém HA => tinh kim logi ela Zy- Chu B sai " 9., NeuyEn tit Hi MOL NE vi md phe tap ciny™n dng tad @ Dinh hast bao ton ei twang BB. He thie de Broighie CC. Nhang qui fuBt dfe tig cho hg vi mo D. He thie Heisenberg E, Phutdng tinh song Schrodinger. * ~ Theo De Broiglie thi chuyén dong cia clvcizon fa chuyén JOng sing, electron chuyén lgny khong then qut dao xe duh. 16 thie De Beoiglie: A & im Vj ti electron khing thé xd dinh chinh xc ma tufin.theo hé thé bat dinh Heisenberg: Av, A, 2 she - we ve Zam Phuting th s6ng Schrodinger cho phép m0 48 ehuy€n dng eda electron trong khOng fan quan at ns ho Bit eS ty eeston tog ong khOng an ds. SChv Asai a m. A. Si ting (2 chin n 66 thé nbn gid i mguyéu dune Kae di orbital ngayen B. Sé lunge orbital ob the nha gid Ut AE (nF), nga 1 AGng c6ngn gi Ui 6 dc dink moment ‘long tgng cia electron v1 thé m6 x4e nh dang va tenon 86 hugng ts 66 tH an gi te +1 nL gid tO eben (21+ 1) gi tri. SO tugng tC dic trang cho sy Jjah hudag ela c&e orbital uguyn 1 trong twng v8 quyEl dink 26 oxbital trong mt pda ap. 6 tung UB spin my nbn nt gi Ye ABCD deh ding. * Hu in: ~C&e ev A,B,C déu gdm nhdng § dng (Xein théin phn hiking dln d cA hd 3) + S6 lug i spin menhiin 2 gid te 41/2 va ~172, > cau, Badu sai 11.66 ee electron D trgig that vg vat HG ce 26 gg sn ining ung. electron, kich thitte E.nod cde dim=-3298-U2 e * Hung Dan: Ta biét ing Lahn gid wi tir > (n-1) = cau D sai (vin = 12.Nguy i ttt 25 dive 3) va ‘A. Wily euySin tip tht wht ete ohn Ch ky 4 1D. Nien nguybn Web ff ide (n-1)* ns. E. He Mangas, * Huténg Dain vo ‘Ciiu hab electron cia mguyén 16 es 1s! 2s! 2p% 3s! 3p"ds? td = DAy 18 nguyen td thuge phn nhiim VIB va thude ede yéu t6 wong cae chu A,C.D.E.JALWUC Y DUCE TRIGA = KHOA KHOA OC BALGUONG __HOAALCUGR dhage xp vi A. Day chuy€n tigp thar nba B eden chi tin Vt Gua : Nigar nguy@n (6 6 cfu wie (0-1)? ns? Ho S& # Ihiéug Dén : . ~ Dita vi ef hi 124 66 ee La. Ngnyén (@ thet 27 duige x€p vio: ‘A. Diy cya it Ochs. (C. Nhs VB, 1D. Nin apuyn (i os edu une (ad as? cfu B.D.E dtu sai. 1° 3s? 3p* 4s? 3u”. ong cic ch ACD. ISNguy@n (6 hit 29 due xep va: a @ Novien kim fo9i mah, B.Chuky 4 . CN 1B. : v5 D. Ninim mguyesi Fe eft (i-t)d™ ns! E. Nhéim nguyen 16 * Hung Das “ Chu 5 La: Us? 2s? 2p 38? 3p 3al™ Ast. = Dy 1 nguyén 6 kim logi chuyén tiép va thude ede yéu t6 trong cic chu B,C.D.B. L6.Nguyn UX e6 elu hinh electron Is'2s'2p633°5p'4s'3d", @ Keb 3 electron hat ‘OX iat tin tos’ nan B. X thude chu ky 4 nhism VB EX W nguyen 6d sii nh electrun cila nguye nk ong up ch B48 ~ Dya vio cfu bi if h electron ta thay X thude chu ky 4 nhém V3, fi nguyén ud (45? 3d”) > X Fi kim lai chuyén tgp, ef 5 electorm hia te, sf oxy hia Hn abit trong hulp cht Bh + N40 : 2 234 Vand (V), hve phd thong nite i Vi0s: 280, +0, , = ,280, 1. A. Cie nguyén 16 trong ciing mdi chu ky 06 sf ldp electron bing nhau. * Bi. So hagag Gayo gid 1 de +} qua 0 Tinh ehdi eda ede nguyen 16 phy thude wd hodn vBo dign teh hat D. Tong chu kj, efe nguyt0 16 dae xép thon chiu dig eh hat ota thag dn, ©Cac nguyen vs: oi + Cafe nguyes ie cde phan a Cc nguyén 16 p: thoc ed phan a Juding tinh - Cae nguyen 1 = Civ B sai, cd 1A, TA hiw hOt 12 kim loa tri H, Be(huOng tinh)” « IA — VIIA va 0, co thé Ja kim logi, phi kim hoe thuge exe phn nhim 1B —» VIIIB, 18 edc kim loai chuyén tép. ‘eu cin Iai dau ding, 062AMIUC Y DUUCTE.UCM- KHOA KHOA HOCBALCUUNG aS AL CUEING AL 18. ‘A. He thing tin in bm 8 nhsmn A vA B nhém B. B. Trong cho kJ, khi 6 tht ty nguyen 16 ting th nh kim log cia nguyén (6 gi, tin phi kim ting. . Trong mol nko A, ti tcén xubg tinh kim logi ting, tnk phi kim gid, XD. Chu ky 18 dy Hit iy ede ngayon 6 6 electon 1 dW god cng nh oka. XE. Cae nguy8n tO. d, £1 kin loai cb nguyen 16 pb phi kin * Hung Dén: Chu Ky hy lien ip cc nguyen we cing 6 Np electron. ; nguyen tp tem ang in eb i 17) = Cicedu DE dda sai 19. A. THE ning ion iste (1) We nding htdng cfm hist d8 ttc { hay nbi€w electron ra khdi nguyen tt trang ha thay ion ting diting gud tinh: A+ > A 4-0. XB. Cie nguyen ti 66 F cdg Kin th tinh kim loaé cng man. ‘C. Trong {chu ky thé ndig ion ida phy thude van cf inic e¥a lp v6 electron cia ngyén Wi, ching con ‘phy thide vao digm tich fat shan cia inguyén «6, 1. ThE ning ion hin can ahi nhOug nguyén ies ev tic election bo hd (He, Ne... bin he hive wy uy. . Trang € uhm cot thd nang fot ha'gide eh trong nhden phy thE wang im he ting dan. * Hing Dan Nguyén i 6 thé raing ion ha (1) cing nis thi cang d& tach election ra Khoi nguyen td (inh kinvTogi cdg mao, 2 CAUB si, cdc cau cin lai du ding, 20, XA. “Tromg mt chu ky, dia phil ning fog fon hia cing déu din, XB. Trong mot chi ky. efi qua pid bin kin orbital cia nguyen Us gkim chm hon cila nguyéa Up CC. Teong migt chu kj. tied qua phai d0 fin dign ting. D.Trong mot nbn A, ty tron xung dm didn gi ingot cht, tie ua pi tink kira fo #* Hung Dai. ~ Ketel C.D ob ey hi 19. Ket kj 2: LiBe.B.C.N.O,F Ne ta thy ing: 8? 24? ess vb electron (2s* ) hao hida => Ldn 18? 2s? 2p! , c# vd electron chufa bio hia => Ie) < keer - N(ZS7) : 1s? 25? 2p’, trong orbital p ed 3 electron ddc thin, thuge logi bén bio hia O(Z=8) : 1? 2s? 2p"? electron cdp dai trong orbital p, UE bi teh ra => Key < Tone = Caw A sai (v1 Hang Khiing dey) “Trong int chu Ky, tif trai qua phai bin kink oxbital cis nguyén t6 8 gidm nhanh, cia nguyén id p gid chm, ota nguyén 16 d gidim rft chém, cbn eda nguyén tf gidm khong ding ké => Caw B sai, cic cau cn lai déu ding. dd cit phi kim eg db, nM, ‘A. Kitwe dign (38 nang tng dite gi phing ra khi KEL yp thém elsetron B. Cie nguyén tt es edu tao elcctrom ngodi cing ho hia nsinp" e6 Al yc dig 47 ols nh C. Che nguyen Wt halgen e6 47 he din dn nh, XD. Ai lye dign WF ting dn theo chiew tr F, CL. Br. B, Ai lye dign t@ cia ce mguyén 16 p Win tnin cia cde nguyen tS vad. * Huény Dan “Teong phan nhvm, ti trén xuding $i Ive dign tt (E) gid dan do bin kioh nguyen i ting “Tuy hién, nu bsin kinh nguyén tif qua nbd thi Iye din ti whe do mat dQ electron cide sé pay kho khan cho kha ning k€t hp electron, Bie bigt cde nguyen 1 chu KF 2 eh hye din tf nbs bat thutng. Ta 6. Bp < Fag va Ber > Ba, > Bj = cD sai, (gz,2Nguea 16 ‘AN. (5 chit ja 1s, J ahim Vita Phi kin XD. Cod am aig A E. Cie i wasint : . J *Huing Din: Nagy 192535 die ulm VIA halogen 29 dam dig Wa => CBD sa Hliue. Din ‘ : Nguyén 6 c6 Z=25 ed edu hinh electron ha tr la 3d°4s?=5 Cai'D sai 5 CHUONG 2:CAU TAO phan TU VA LIEN KET HOA HOC eo ‘Lai Héa ‘chat Céfu tint vA Gée Hen ket sp__| Gk. Belly, BeCh,, CO, NO," .Zn, Hy. Cd ‘Thing “5 [. 180". sp" | CHa Canken), Calle, BCh , BFy, AIC, “Tamr gide phdng 120° | SO, , NOy, CO;*, SO,” . : sett sp? | CHy (ankun), NHa* .NH3, 120, HS, HCE, Zn’. | Tedign "* | “109"28" sp°d_| [N(CN)sJ* [PIC AuCle ‘Vuéngphing |" 90” sp'd_[PCis, CFs Thép hai din’ | 90? i20” | sp'u?_[iCoFe) = Bat dign T 4c nguyen U6 sismn VIA, VIA “Khding 06 thi ‘ly sit tial 2 vs 2px ig oe eu oh om <0 Sin ap < San aby’ sein! it te die 3 eet ean Saye deta ae MSDE NE MeO! 1G 0 2 i Buide 2: didn 56 dign tt vao ede mute nding fuyng t ii qua phi, mbi mate 46} da, 2 €°. Khi } do ne x th phi didn ing Abu eb a9, 92 rg Wing tng 2 ie hy ne nb Vid: Néu cin 2 4c" th did nay Xa char Ve thi Gin Hay ap. a ey cones “Tuetg tf cho x yy VA Hap : VLdu; 0, 6 16e' > eding tte dign wt: o2o[203, o%63,, 13,3, 454, 22is hugp v@i carbon trong ph XC. 9. D.spla lujp vai clo trong phiin OF HCH: HHO: sn sp 50,10. B.BeCh, BCH, * Hiting Dan :Xem i ha d (rén (hing nay n€n thuge lng) 1. AICh Cite €.NO4:C0; D. A.B.C déu sai, ESO" ;COR. * Huéng Dan z xem bing lai héa d ten. S.Nauiy€e Crug ted ep (hy fom snc AB @ egg. hl al Wn sp. AL NI, NOs XCH,0, 1S. E.COs* S08. “ XB. NH CHa. XD. Cy. Cal, % * Huidng Dan : xem bang lai héa 8 trén. 6-Theo phuitog phip MO, tinh chit thon Li edn phn t# Os NOH do: XA. Phin tf e6 electrin khing ci d0i B. Phin tt 6 a9 bgi 2 CC. Phin ti eG electron d trang thi phn fin két 1D. Phan Wo efe electron du ofp di E. Phin te6 electron de thin & trang th * Hudng Din : en két ‘Chl thug ft 18 chat 6 dig Wr dgc than (Khing cp dai), khong phiin biet trang thd, Op 66 16" > cong thde dién WW: 0f,.0;203,0;20} _ I/F, May: = O7 66 20° de thin 3 trang thai phn fién ket = Op thug ft + NO 6 15e'.- cfing tte did td: oPoja3,q%263,.n3.nF. m5) mip, =>'NO C6 fe de {than 8 trang thai phan lién kEC => NO thugn ti. Vay. cfu A ding mbit. Cau B cht ding khi sda thanh trang thai phan lien ket, 7.Lisn ket trong ete pin tt sau fa Hen kee thie dig (2: AO}. CN E.Chy. XB. By DF * Hung Din : ~ Lien REL tee Wien ket cuta Ve Bz: We' > ooj2o}or2ab yn), => By coh 2 Hien KE m thi & Oz Fa: thita e° (xem cfu hii v8 thitae” ). Con Na. CH«: Binh thifting, 8.Lin ket trong ete phn Gt sn Ba Wen Ke Unita ig ts AF. a Eon, xB.0h. * Hung Dé : Br co tien etx thie € (xem cu hdi én) 9.4.50n RE trom ese phiin it sat 48 Mra Ke thitn dig xAFr XC. CO}. E.CiHy BB. D.cH egz,~ Lidn kEt thifa e” la fién két co wen 2e" Py: the’ > oo Pod, oo}, nh nan a, Ta 06: 5 = hy +8 py 5 he = hye He = Fe 06 2 ibn KEL n,n hua de", : CO; : theo VB thi c6 2 lidn két x thifa e° (teang 90 sich Héa Dai Cueing) Bx hide | WEP geass ag Oey Cte, Cally inh hiking. 10.L48n két trong cde phan Gi sau la Liem ket thifa dign tit: XA. Or. GM. 2: BCH, B. Ba. XD. Be © 2 * z ‘ i. Op:16e > ohoi2d},di0},x4,, 22 Riba > Ores ies dx; mBl i cud Be". Vay: Cau A,D ding. 1L.Géc lin két ONO Ian nhift 3: A.NO, xC.NO;! E.ABCD abu sat ; B.NOy D. Bang ahau. = we wags steed 'N trong NO;" c6 lai héa sp'=> gic lign két ONO cila nd Idin abdt (180°) ._ 12-Traqy oie phan Ui NU, Hf, yO , TS vi Se, ge Wir Wt tn nb te AIPA cHoH EWSH BiitSelt ADAENAT + Hub 5 Qua ti Tigu ging “Mon Ha Bai Cuumng Al trong aly 1999 vi 2900 i cd Gc lidn ket = ca HEP-AL93" TESe-H:90" ; H-O-H:105" | HAN-H:LOT | LS-AL92" trong nhiug g6e 3 tr: eign kEU 1m abd fiz A CKD oa «n a B.AKK) 63! on? 0, ym" CAKK anton tay Rtas a in XD. (KK) o3.%a 2 apa doe sPgtea E.(KK) dae Gag Ry! sale + * Hung Di (KK) vidi tft eda 2 Wap K Lots «Theo MO: bie fin ket =: ‘ngs MON — ne” MOP MOK idnge- MOH ket eda eu A.B.C dba 2; sacha Ding va dinctu did. M. ees See te og ‘Phin CO Ns dud go Ht ay guy di lei.» XB, Phin i CO va Neddu os Ge fidn kat bing 3, C. Phin tit CO va Ny déu cé tiah khit khé manb. 1 D. Pha CO va Ne du od tinh phn eve. * x EB ABCD dtu sai ek * Hudug Dan : Sone TNO x 2 orbital x'iy Va apa cin. trSng ney ng JE ding uhsn gign ign ud dé tie Tien ket: (xem thm teang LOL sich Ta BE) CO vit Na dé od Bic Hen ket bang 3.” i CO va Nrdu td didu kign thidiog : CO phiin ee, No khong p Yc (2 nguyéin iit N teong, = he ‘SZ,YALHOG Y DUDCTP.HCM - KHOA KIIOA HOC PALCUGING HOA BAL CUUNG AI 15.Cée e¥p (phitn Uf, fon phi ti) didi ddy Adu od the t6n tat duge (theo phuiing phiip MO}: A. Liz; Ber. KC. Br, Cy XEN, Oy. B.Oz,Her. DOr, Lis® * Huéng Dan : ~ Viét cOng tute dién tt (theo MO) eda ting phan tt (hay ion phan Wi) Ti€p theo, tinh bac lin két cia céc phan tv én, a€u bic Hen két bing O thi phan ut khdng tn tai. “MecroRoiZo}o20%,. Rhy tk Rhy Rity ys Oa vRO mile ning hing vA cling te tne Hen to hy ng ohn We Wg 6 it UT: ds Be", 2h 6 8 bc Hien KELDAng 0 => pan ds Khong tn 9 «Be, Liz” d8uccd 8" = Bes va Lis” khOng wn tai. Hey: 4e" => Hea khOng t6n tai Oe" , Cz: I2e" , Np: Ide", Op" : 15e" => déu tn tai. 16.Céc phi ti hay lon phan tit sau day 6 thd tdn tai (theo puting phip MO): A. Hey 03". C. Ne, O; E03", Bex. XB, Liz, Br D. Bez, Cy * Hung Dan : xem ciu hditren T7.Naing hegng tien ket Bj.x (kSAnol) ca. ete hyp chit sau bling: J1CE431, 11:297, HBe:364. Tinh axit cia chiing Ling dn theo chidt tif tril sang phat A. HCI, HI HBr CHI, HBr, HCI E118, HCI, RI XB. HC), WBr, HI 1. BL AIC, Ur * Huéng Dan: « Nang ludng lién ké Ey.x ciiarhyp chit HX eng ton thi lién két H-X cing bén, HX eng kh tach H > tinh acid cang sé. WHCl< Be <1, 2 tinh ing da thew 18,00 ton tien ket trom ee pi A. O75 < 0; < OF. XB. 0;" < Oy < Oz C.0y <0; < Oy. D.0r <0; <0". B.0, <0; <0" “hi i -01 60 aboot theatre = Me ink LO : Me ahaazatzod wi yet nant, = bic lin ket = 1.5 Oph: Ihe’ + ofoizodeiioh int xi, nZ riz, = bfe lien két= | ‘age len kei cing in, ien kei ehng Wn => bee lg KEL ting din O;* ‘hin ‘a Khong wn ‘ = Cau Bs vig ees glass 2E.Caing Ute dig ein ee phd ay ca ie vite XA. By (RK) a3 05, Rag ig: : woe Pes B. Cy: (KK) On! Ga? Ray Tp ©. Nas (KK) Oy ae Rar Bae Sy Br 7 A B.Or (RW) oiFoy” or (Cat a E. Fx (KR) 037 03? oye! (apy Rap)” * Hung Dan ‘ni v1 dig Ui king due phan du cho ip va maps ; "xem phn kién thie edn aba 3 wren, 25.Cae dpi hivng sau Be rung eho 6 Wi A. DO ldn va ditu cin sy xen phil cic orbit XB. S6 oxy hoa C. Cau ah King gan vb ye itn B D. Khuing each gida 2hgt hin, = ~ Boe 3 EB. Sé juging, kich thirde aguy8n tW, 4 &m dign cia etn Be x * Hludug Dan: ee D yabet Ss fy bg he tng ho 3a Hes E> CB . .Nén lhe thuge ede civ sing con wi, “ ~ + 1“ cei BAS ‘A. Trae hi tgolidn KE, ef orbital nguys ut ob thé of hyp lai cho é&e orbital mdi o6 ning Iyng. Kab dang, kich thie ging nhau vi pin 66 46i.xvug rang Kdg gian: 46 Ia cfc orbital Ini ha B. Su tai hn in cho pin i i ding x4 dns tag tng ng Hog a a XC. Cée onal nguyen A? than ga li ha pico ng lng Bang akan 4s ‘D. Che kigw fai héa thong i spt sp spin E. Lien k&t céng héa tr] 06 nhitng dc tinh: tiah bio bda, tinhy int tng va ah phia fe. * Hudug Dan Cie cu A,B,D,E dau ding f -Ciu C sai. Cau C cbf ding ki vii fis “Cée orbital nguyén Ut thi ila lai hia phi of ning Iugyng xp xi ahau~ ‘Vid: H orbital 2s' va 3 orbital 2p,', 2p,', 2p! tai voi nhau ~>-4 orbital sp* 2 hE hs 952sLHIGC Y DUUC TP. HCM = KIIOA KHOA HOC BALCUONG ~--——HGA PALCUONG At. 28. ‘A. LiGn K&L cing fin tr 18 loi ign kt hing ef electron chump, B, Lit Ket iom float ti ket ng Ive hit inh dign gia 2 iow tdi dv, XC. Lien bt in KE cng i jt ep leon cng do 2 nguytn dng Bop 'D. Ligh két hydro fa tog Tin Ket phy xuft hie Eki hydeo Hin R&C eng fea, tr chinh thie vai A nguyen ti khée-o6 46 Am din 10m (O.N, Lite KE kim toi eb trong mung tinh thé ki hg tding Ddn : « Hye thuGe cde cfu diing A,B,D.E a {Cu C dai, cht ding kh vigt 12: “Lien ket pli ef lopi ién két cong hair] ng 06 eB electron chung do I nguyén Uf dia phutvg cung edi”, 26. A Ligm k6 Ong I ogi ion Ki bg Sp clctron chung, XB. Mang tinh thd kim toa e6 tn dah hut va tah bt C.Ligm két ion I loi tin KEUDhng lye hit oh din gia 2 fon wa ef, 1D. Ligm k& hyueo hin KE bing Is jo tung tA tah ign gia hydro vi mo ngudn dw digm 1 & nguyen U ca uguyéi cf dO dm diga cio. Lien kl hye iting aan, Hm ng ok i git Ua elt Hiténg Dén: ae C8 sa, wi mang tn thé Kim foi Kab. to os ng v8 toenes Anh bo wie n, ‘A. Lien k6t cOug ha rj hinh thd ah do sy k&t dOi cia 2 etectvon spin ri dfu. O ay ‘cb sy xen phd cila 2 ctl iguyén tb B. Lién ket cOng héa tri hen khi mde do xen phi cic orbital nguyén til cdng in. XC. Lidn ket sigma o .Jien két t20 bd sy xen plit 2 orbital cling loai. D. Tome phil Cals 5 Hien kot ova ide ket x XE. DO cGt chng Wn, Hien két cing bén, 3 : * Huting Dan ‘Cau C sai, vilién két sigma o fa lien két tao bai sy xen-phd 2 orbital cing loai hode khéc Toad. VEUY: O24» Os.p ) Fpp Caw & sais 149 dai Hen KEt cing los hn lig ket cdg yu. 28. ‘A Tee ki tad Lie KEL, cenit nguyen te the 6 tp Lic ede anita indi o6 tng tag. Hh «ling. kfc tute ging nhauw va phiin 6 ddixatng truig RhOng gian: U6 fA efe orbital ta hd. 1. Che enhital mguy@n tit ham gi lila phi eb ing hing xp x1 nha. XC. Sy bi i A ge phi wz XD. Tromg phn 1 acctylon chief 2 fin KE sigma o. E. Clor rong phn t Rhi HCL trait thi fai fia * Huéng Dé » Cau C sa, vita ba gig ph uo cia trie Mah ge aa dh Cau D sai, v1 trong phi th acetylen es 3 lien kéto va 2 Hien ng cite ny i rene 1D.CO,Es fai a sp. XE. SO," ela via sp ida sp. in: = Cu A sal V1SO3 6 tai ia sp", Cau B sai i SOs? c6 fai hba sp 19230. A B. 3 on ? D. DO dai lit etal ala eho tw: 40,4» 40, > 40,2 40x. wig 7 XB. Ning hig lite KE gm theo thi E O;" > EO EO, > BO". ee * Hudng Dan . ZEEE je OF 5 OF AS 5 QDs be => nding luyng lién két cing dn = lién scan cin Ba8s ‘HUONG 3 PHOC CHAT =Phitc chat bao gdin ede ion trung thm va cde phéi tit fon trung tim thugng Ia ion kim logi és nguyen 16 df: C6 3 logi phite: phite cation (+), phtfeanion (-) vA phife trung hda. -Phutg, gdm edu ni (trong ngoge vwuOng) va cdu ngoai bén ngoai -Phitc cation: clu ndi dang ieuide, cu nigugi thudrig 1a giic acid. Vi dy: {Co(NHs)s]JChs . -Phife anion céu n@i diing sau, cu ngoxi thuting 1a kina logi. VE dy: Ke{Fe(CN)«). -S6 phiSi trl 18 46 vi iri ma ph6i wt chi€m duye quanh ion trong tin. -Ciich goitén phite: Bue ttt qua phat sey ++Phite cation: ‘Tén phile = (én edu ngi) + (18n g6e mudi wig ting eda 4Phite anion: Téa phate = (én kim logi cdu ngosi) + (én edi ndi) . 4Ten eds nOi = (cht s6) + (én phil tt) + (12n ion trung tim) (Chi s6: mono, di, ti, tetra. Teo phi ti: de dhe tht fy a tien: bbramno( Bir) > clorexCl > flouro) > .. > aquo(#20) > ammin(NHs) ‘Tén ion trung tam = (Gn agwen 10 (en thang) sf dién tich ion (n€u la phite cation) “hoje 5 ten niguyn 16 (én Latin) +at + 66 dién tich ion (os a phitc anion) +Vi dy: |Cu(NH)2}SO4 : Diammin dng (14) sulfat K,{Za(OH)4} : Kali tetra hydroxo zincat (11) i cel [CO(NH;)sFLOBrCIjCt : Mono rams claro ain iri arnmin ‘cobatt (itp) clérur’ ICr(NH))sCh] | Tricloro (riaimmin cront (Il) : 48y 18 phife tring Boa -Phui st wie dig va on trang udm Fam tich mie dng Ivong d cba ion tui Yen thai hal mae ning ltjog mdi, J6 18 mide tag (Bdrm dy «Ux, dye ) VA mite &B io ft Wa 42), Theo ining bat din thi mic ning huyng Gg < eg. -Néu phi ui tée dng mguh (bur CN’ ) thi chénh (ch nang lung git tg ¥B.eg In. Lic 6 fe dign 0 58 chim ede bial eta fg true, Khi mio di Ge’ Gai) th dig Ui mdi ily vko 2 orbital ea eg. = King sy ghép doi dign ut =f dign t d0c than, -Néu phd ute ding yu hoe Khidng tie king (ohne F, Ny, HaO) th dig 08 o& x8 vio che c spin cao nbii (xEp diy cic dign wi de thai trde bi mdi ghép 40% sau) = ghim ghép doi dign tir= t8ng tinh thus i 12 892KHOAHOCRAICUGNG GA RAL CUTING AD | {Cong thite phan Gi eda phie viclors tetamonin Crain (11) Bt A. ACHNI CHE". CAACANN) ICs EACANE)SChT B.IC(NH),Crl D.ICHCANH) 2.Cae edly dit dy Av of tinh Chas tie: ALN Fe C. Lin, Nex. XE. O2 , [CoP] XB. 07" 1FofHLO}P* D.Cr, {Cocntty*. * Huudne Dan “Na Le": whoioB,o%2 0h, thy, = Rig oo” de n= nghich Nex: 20¢': ooi2o,o%o},, nix}. 72) ni2, 07, nghich tir Cy: de": oR oo},on},,x},, => nghich | +022 16636}, 57703,0753,, 8h yh Fe RI Ribs => Or thufin tif (es 2" €6 de) \ Of: tSei oR oiPOR Reh thy Mp MahyNip > 09 ut ; 1Fe(1,0)[°* > ion trung tim Id Fe® o6 lap dign Wi hoa tr 3d, do phdi ti H,0 yéu | 1nén Se’ ciia ldp d afp x€p theo qui the spin cao nfidt = of Se” ddc shin => thug tit. - | : SICoFe}™ > fons tung (ait 8 Co" cd 16p digi HT fida tej 19245" 30", do phéi OF F. 7G nén luting ty = thug ti. . ee Vay: Cau 6 va B dang, Lat 3.Ciu trie ni o6 spin eam st: 5 eg? 515 eg! 6 ep? A. Gye Cth ea! B.theg' x0. 1S,047 b.Gyee" * Hutdng Dan: Mite fag 06 3 orbital => tg 06 3 VA Je d9e tha | Mile eg c6 2 orbital => eg’ od Udi va Le’ dG than ; eg” c6 2 €* dde thin ;eg' cd Te dé: than, = be" eg? c6 spin cao nha (nhidu dign wi doc thin nhit), Aton pinte nite ¢6 electron khong cép 401 ft ht: ALL Cu(NH a OE. [Fe(CN)ef. 5. |CoF¢)” B. [Po(CNDP D. ICON I. #* Hudrig Din ; L CoNHa)a)* > Cu es 4534! => Khing o6 de than IFe(CN)«l” + Fe" o6 45" 3d°, Phidi tit CN gay te dng monh nén tich fdp d thanh be va eg. Se” diye xép vio 3 orbital cia bg tre = 6 1 €° Ade than . i CNY ey te dong manh nen tch Kp d thdh (ag v2 6e duke xEp vio 3 onbital cia tag tribe = khydng o5 e” UOc thin ANHa}["*-> Co’ c6 4s" 347. Phai tt NHy yeu nén Te’ duge xép vao cde orbital d theo = We(CN) "+ Fe® ed as" 30, PI e (qui the spin eno nit =» €6 3 & dBc tht {CoP > Co" o6 4s" 3c. Phii ti F yeu nen Ge" xCp vio cac orbital U theo qui the spin cau nha = ed 4 &° de thin Vay: [FetCN)c{* es electron Kling ed di nt hong ep an tbat BL IPe(CNat B. [Fo(HsO)eF*. 1D. JCu(NH\f. * Hudng Dan: wong wren 6.ton plate sia 66 electron Kling ep Ol nhidu nt A. [PeACNaF™. CC oF P B Fe(CN)AI. 2B. [Pe(H 0!" D.JCwNHigal.Bs LUO y BUUICTPHCM - BGA KHOA NOC DALCUCING “ton ple ni o6 electra khong cp di whi at ALL Cucnsttoad” © [FetCNef Af. {Col B. [Fe(CN)al". D. |CANH Dd. cu CAUSAL: . a. ae XA. Joel fs chi din didn kh 161 eg inn evting khong ef th dn din do trong nang in ana ‘eting khing o6 eleciron i do t sic wi i ee je ci aay ue 00 il che plain i guy vi cy ai ah EB wing ba ta, # Hcg Dé: to ta i dang by, trang. bk aayén v2 128 Que Bho haa dig ut = lod khiing 6 din Wty do = lod khGng din dign, => Clu A sai, ede eu cdn tai déu ding 9. ; ‘A on rang inte Kf rng hn de eit Mie B. Phi e6 thé cation, anion hay phn A trang hoa. CC. Lig kt gita io nog tum vA a thang. Ih. Him ket ph, D, Si phi tl Bs viet eda pli aH K&t v0 ion tung ism.» XE. 6p i ng ding 56 phan tt cha pli *H aA (Clic ef A,B,C.D déu ding. Chu E sai vi mgt phi tite thé ehigim ae ahidu phdi er 1ONguyGn (6 Fe (2=26) tga ion phate sam day & trang tit ui ALTFC(ILOM!? Inia sp B. [Fe(H,0)<)” C.IFeCN KL . D. | FeCCNM iad (XE. Feat aida dsp? * Hung Dau: TFe(th;O)aI™ > ion Fe e6 au 48°, Phi t HO yu abn be" x8p dda vio 5 orbital 30 then ‘qui te spin exo nhit. Vi Fe™* phi tai hig d (go orbital hang cn ch vige thi nhgn 6 hdl Ha wen kid tl a hat 48? «4p, 4p 4p + AA 9 ape = Fe(HsO)sP* > tig i — 5p [Pe(CN)a}” > Fe™ o6 30° 45". Phd 11 GN’ manh Se’ xEp vio ig intdc = 2 orbital cla eg ccm Ging ya sE thom gia Jai hn a3 4st + 4p Ap, Ap —> ap, -Fe(CN)a} > Ret c6 34a! Taong dap [FeF,)* > Fe? cd. 38 4s". Phi wf F y€u >» 6¢° xEp diy cfc orbital 3d theo qui the spincao nhit => khéng cdn orbital trong has tide 48 => lai héa Pap” tai sai. 11. nguyen 62 trang tan cin fon ple: : 4 A. Zo) & trang tdi : XB. [FeF al" 9 trang thi tai hia dp? 1C. IPe(CN a! 3 tray thd ba ha va XD Fac rang sli E.[AgtNII)F trang ti aba sp. : * Hudng Dén : wang ws ven. 2, ‘A. Cu inh dia hp chit pic o6 6 ph wi 215 dung thd. B. Cafu link cita hyp chit phate o6 36 phi wf 3 1 blah tam gide. C. Cif hah cia bgp eh ph e556 phi wi 4 ia bioh td dign ode vasing phdag. XD. Cai hink ea Infp chit phe 6 sf pt ar 51 inh lng th tan gid hoe ut dig. E. Cin hinh eta lip cht pide 6 6 phi tr 6 13 nls Bt dig Ko Big tru tam gic, * Hudng Dan: s6 phoi tri 5 fa hinh thép h@ng dinh. 14 09z,paving y nue it HUGNG DAN GIA CAU HOE TRAC NGHIEMT GA DE Ai (2000-2001) JE i CHIUONG 4 NiuGT HOA HOC VA HIEU UNG NIUGT CUA. CAC QUA! nin HOA HOC ST) » LAKE thite Caste edi ine ‘AU = BQ + 8A, ca ysis I te not IAC. 0 = 80 +6 1 de eng lu teeth eit an dd, chi tao sh Sa phn ng ¥ a cSaag tn shies fi phinine>' oe Higw'dg nigt pin sogGfo cd di bien ding p bmg Wh ign Ena cha WB cab) ing dh ig. AU pin ng <0 “tg ang ni fat ban du, ‘cht tyes than san - pl ei hi pide dng the + Cae efit CE du ang. iin dif Wiis hd ve di kid do eng nlc trang di ht hand, chit tao thins pang. 5, Higa C. Higu ding. in vng eo O did ki orf luc dip bing bi Bhi pain AH phi ig 30 © Kiplin edie * Hutte Dét: A: “phi thhige” 8; Ds “thu nhigt” = Cae cau C.E dé ding. “A Might in sng pli i Gi ig eng wh tng cc a dw, iho sa pin ang . 1A dag Cig hie edDALHOCY DIGICTICAL = KUUA BUG HOC DaALCMUNG a BAL CHONG Ad = 6. i XD. hie ath ea sot ci i at # ay eid ree data ii bh P= 101325 kd Ni hy eine om hs i gon a Hy ol A ha in hun. ‘i = oie edn A.D dyrdsing. . i Q ; ; ‘A. Nie iyo thi nig sink) eds sii gp Ch a iu sug mbit ed ping ego tha eb dd, Migs ig ule ye ph 1 bi dng mbiGi ci ph dag ing pink chi 48, : a chuin ea mi hyp it hi a hie ea ding ty Coe ind eva aa ou aca chii og o l ‘vi ag thi bn Bag nh, thiink ticu chin cia md up cht Ua bigu dng alge cia ag an es la cli ig i wang Np vo bn vOog aki do aig BK 101335 Pa,” a ihe HEC at a pia Ig ela it 63 che Hig hE (rong pnw Sy ci ei 3 irgng ub vng 1. Nit chy pf ig dg iG a yo ith ay 1. Nig gng'nhig i nit hang ef thi cag fp eo phn tag dd Uw, Rains. caw phdvbidu thigu, - [high chdy'chuin ea | chit ir hiGy stag nih eta ite sing do, a ! ial en ‘biping hi O» dé tg0 thanh ede oxit cio mht 00 aids igh chin. ‘i a Qua wish ‘inp | hide %. : A. ng chy 1 ml eh 6 = Ki Op B. si ‘nl hit di dt eit eid whit CC big ea ein 1 ii it ot hin og pig i pi ng AG cy | nol cat Ao gd i, D. ise hi gaia aa hy 1 sais end ay ‘sta mls i Big tu hu iy chy ei | phi 8 whige ada ra Khi lt ebay chat db = kaj 18) + 80s (Ke) 9120 (he), alg. 21k) +1002 (HY HO, Atty | ! AIL + 0 (k) FLO U4), pe 8 Poo ADMIGS AIL SM CAH < al < Ally EM Alla < AM, Vay! Ally < dtl cally. $C hd elning mink hing whting git te AH eu thé: WE LS 40.8 kd => nbigt hia Kugcei ily = 40,865 ALL) + Ally = -241.8 + (-AWR) = -282,66) v c 60K c 5 fo) = 2460 = 20) CHON CAU SAL NOL aig U Ben egg ht 13. NOU angela Hed Bp dle Bo ton , ihe kin AU = inkin AUEH 2 vet i HhmdAU= 0 seth vib eh play thude va trang Ua ¥9t 19 Cie i ba ee 10 ang thd 46. nO nag ead ig kn vo ng ng hug e6 thé was oi diy hi => AU es thd ke ‘chu tinh) Ki qué twink hg sul phe i re) Fai tran iii du => U. tg thu views Ke nat =, AU. Viyseie cia CE dda sa. teviing ngoti, Janig vai m nd] ning eda nd + Qu ith kin du nao di, = Us2 0, a ALE es cing wth ein pn eu ing gig ain, gu igniting ene 1 Higu sng ict cai dn gue Hi el ph hi wo a lw ang th a ce eh pb + Sng cht King ph hae ch me XC.aH=AU- anit} D. ans Per . ; ; * Hung § ‘Cau B pit big ding hi PV =aRT = all = AU +P.AV = AU + doRT al ding tich, Ta 6: Cy ~ C, = AR.(xem Cau A chink U#PY, da vi bhi AY tin ool dig sip, Ce 18 whit dum DE trang (681 sing ap this Q, [ect {sei them sich Lida BC trang 162) i Vay: ce cfu CH5dRU sa, , 4 £90PALHOC y_DUUCTHUCM - kta Kiva OC DALCURING L. Wa DAL CNG AT” uae phit Nyy hf a wt ohgt ding bse Eu didi ee aug st: ‘A. Rhy dh ei tan ding ga va ei ng U Bi hd trang tt c A Klang ing pli Bi ph vd ri pai Bon » Cig phat bide ABIDE déu dking. » Trong bidu tinte tain hge vi phan eda nguyén ty ENBLU ui s8Q+5A; tit aw 18 vi phin alg be. 2? di nding U chi phy thude vio trang thd ‘ads va wring thai eof = Cu C sa pking a he hi phy due wn ctw ang a fe pin othe vnedch te kana ge og uit cia qua ri hydration got ta ligt hyitrst da aia foe 1 ming ig en wii a pa vB ee ew thai ede nguyen gF DUNE LI: "4 XK, Hig gi i pa tng ha Boe ag bia chai Bing ing sing hoy is e sepa “ TE iat ae ee Qebt= f aC yt = Cotta" us Cy. 2 Hiig ing offer eds phin tng’ ‘i hoe ‘hae tin bling tich ain ‘iia Ma ang eta we iheamigtan oes ma fos MB Ci sa i a ingen 15.06 ede phim dag: Seg ae + pyita 60) (i), AY 393,5 1 Uh, (h) +140; (6) = 1,000), SHY -2 3 Diet whlgt tay bul eBa nude bing 40,8 KI; A. NhiGt tye théwh chudu cila CO; (k) bing ~393,5 kd XBeNbigt two thinh chu cia aude King bing 241.8 kf (C. Nhigt chy chun ola C tg) bg 1: Nig etsy chk ea 1 (8) Bs E evhigttgo thin chu’ ein ne Wing «24,8 * Hudny Din Dag es pling ih pin cg (1 Ry ‘Dyfi vo phudang rob phd eng (2) ca hy hi CD king 9 ia ch win a ly diss vay EH, too)" ’ Be Ee eon H:0(k) Nia nue 18 40,8 KS = nig fa ing all a iii ALN = 40,8 1.8 + (40,8) =-282,6 Kd lath) fein pin ding, coin. 6Q, 6A khong &6 tinh chi way. "Viohin tid pha dig” gi Wi'Ang.:Vhigt tyo thin ching Mein ee chit : : XA.Oralk= 0 : B.Ng afl Citgailtso D.C all’ =0 HHO: MI < 4 Ha én ¥ chin ea hd vite hi wwh chudn AU", = 0 => B,C,D.E déu ding Oxy nguyén itor {khfing bén = nbigttgo shan chudin eda ni Khe 0 = CAia A sal, 1. Allg e6 tip x ISi chat va nang hing voi snd Isuting Xun qian, 6 the thch Kling. a ici, King ro dt wig, RBG tas Ji cg ml wat. She ken roc, son h€ rao 6 ning fing wo ring ch ha 68 CTH et a he eh thay oi 1D. 1a dda thé 1 he 1 ee thu fh eg m6 hoe Riding bj thay di Woe thay di Bi, in iy tr fing bing mgt pdr chan trong hg. i eng bbe bi che ao, Wet ttre dl ch A engin mt ting. 4, nha thE tr eng wm et > Chu Bs ion Ig dt SSNbigt phn ly Ally ets cies ae A.Aaes < AI inn 7 BARB A830 WF MLGIANILO) -AS That = 6 Os 0G <0 ” All > 0.dS <0=2.aG >0" = 0 05'> ill <7.48 =A < \ Chu a AIL > a ns 99snntot = 2.33.85 ~ 9,66 = SRN nol 2.2405 — 304,30 = 176.7 10" Smo, K 11767 = 5.38 kifinal og thm nhigt [029°C QUR"KY < 18.5 5 phi ng Uru khong Ay c xy trong Hem quan dn bin J eh ma that XH. Qu telal ww didn bin Fi qud woh hye higm trong hi el co sy ex tid tn efing Crh mpi [XC Qe nH gk ei tr 1D, Qu tinh en ng 1 gud tr trond st ht ‘vO cling nb se vai trang thii efn bing whit dig. B. Qua tinh say ra Dalidupign dp sult King Ut go i ng fp # Hudne Dan: ~ Qua toh ty dite bign ta qua wisth e6 kha nding sinh cOng. . {Qu tinh kin 1a qugtvinh trong ds trang thsi du vi eu eds hE Y® nbur nha, i Vay: Cau B,C ‘ ‘A. Nbigt hig te myn sew Hanh dang at ing ee gems coy 2 C8 ib cht hake it dg et ag Hy : Xe sai nhigu ding cia ng We Th tng ede eng tlw “dp xn ci cepa wong : 3.11 no ge 9 eg a in gv nd uy TNO ANE. Xie suit whig Fa thiade do mnie da hd login ik he > i Ahigp ben ngoRi™ mghia phi hg 1 Khe nha itn ign rong he hie mo eit chic sai Heh |. WehOng thé che ton thanh cdng. 't “HG es ate din Jogo eng Vay: Cau B.D déw si Ce e6 hd andng My hice ti m@t vat va big han As rg tigithai vi md cang nhieu, XEAS=RT tog (riod ing chy 1 xC.AS= sin a nf dng oie a # Hudne Dan Calc cau A.D. dee ding, 692Vay: CALA E Must ce ef ei aa omg iG e@ ip qd wn es thd up aid a a tho ch (dShuy>0 5 ig Kign'T poms, P= ont; A's 00 qu inh a eu q LV Secinst BA" Ohi gu il ere a Fa ies u $= est, V = coms, SA's On us a 6 hi cE raph eid 2 Cai phi Hi: ‘Troog didn kign 8 27305". 90 ip tgo thi chuidn cf Fes ft ~741.09 kdhin ng Ap 9th in ela Bo,0, 1A 1015.49 bani ing pg hud 6 B30, 1 560.18 ih: Olehe ng yO Ria Rata HO HAL CTRING . LIGA ALCL, = nude Lin ¢ : “ Fe #3055 2exh3 (1) . e Allg, 920 R22) to KM mo ASfy = 20M 1205-427 $13 Jmol AT a EAI ny TAS = ALTO ~ 298 ae eonda ‘ 1015.19 Kot 1104 | 71,09 kde Y eng and ne ev Se xtiaag igo ut . 1D. Khong thé et i ei es “RE. Ci Kg ehg wh, iene tag ee i a stg emt ha Lend if ewe dai (IS. syd dt hi dhe eh st he lng ip che i 5 v feet = 0.00 0), iing whi dg ict 6 watt Ri quid tol oe die dick Uso) oh lia theo hig iis wt igh WR a toe chide gdm 0 es 020°C 08K ASK me Vay: cht Dai 5 Le