University of the Immaculate Conception

Bonifacio Campus, Davao City

Graduate School

Master of Arts In Teaching College Chemistry (MATCC)

Topics: Acids and Bases

Chemical Equilibrium

Questions:

1. Explain comprehensively the Arrhenius and Bronsted- Lowry definition of acids

and bases.
2. Give a comprehensive explanation of the classification of acid as hard and soft.
3. What do you mean by Hard and Soft acids and bases? Give their characteristics
and classification.
4. Identify the following acids and bases as hard or soft acid and bases.
a. BF3
b. Br2
c. C6H6
d. SO42-
e. CO32-
f. F-
g. I2
h. As3+
i. PO43-
j. S2-

5.

6.
 University of the Immaculate Conception
Bonifacio Campus, Davao City
Graduate School

7.
8. A 2.00 mol sample of NOCl was placed in a 2.00 L reactor and heated to 227°C
until the system reached equilibrium. The contents of the reactor were then
analyzed and found to contain 0.112 mol of Cl2 . Calculate K at this temperature.
The equation for the decomposition of NOCl to NO and Cl 2 is as follows:

2NOCl(g)⇌2NO(g)+Cl2(g)

9. In the following reaction, will the [H2] increase or decrease when equilibrium is
reestablished after these stresses are applied?

N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g) 2 NH3 (g) ΔH = + 22 kJ

a. NH3(g) is added
b. N2 (g) is removed
c. pressure is increased
d. temperature is increased

10. Note reaction: 2 NO (g) + H2 (g) N2O (g) + H2O (g) ΔH = +36 kJ
In which direction, left or right, will the equilibrium shift if the following changes
are made?

a. NO is added the system is cooled

b. H2 is removed
c. Pressure is increased
d. N2O is added
e. H2 is removed

Note: Show all your solutions and computations for applicable questions.