TransXpress

Synchronous Multiplexer
SMA1K

Ultra compact syn-

chronous multiplexer
with protected STM1
line interfaces and full
connectivity for up to
63 x 2-Mbit/s tributary
interfaces.
Ultra compact Single/Dual Card STM-1
Multiplexer for Local and Core Transport
Networks

The highly-integrated syn- Its ultra compact SMart housing

chronous multiplexer SMA1K Main Features makes the SMA1K the ideal choice
for deployment on the customers’
SMA1K offers an ultra premises or in cabinets.
compact solution for Add/ The SMA1K offers true STM-1 The SMA1K is an integral compo-
Drop or Terminal applicati- synchronous multiplex capability in nent of the TransXpress product
a very small physical outline, while portfolio.
ons in Synchronous Digital retaining a high degree of versatili-
Hierarchy (SDH) based ty to cover many of the standard
networks. It has been applications encountered in
today’s transport networks. Point-
optimized for STM-1 to point, chain and ring topologies
aggregate line rates are supported, with full access to
(155 Mbit/s). In the smal- the STM-1 aggregate. Onboard
tributary modules offer flexibility,
lest possible configuration even if space is at a premium.
as an unprotected Termi-
nal Multiplexer (TMX) the
SMA1K consists of one
card only. A fully protected
Add/Drop Multiplexer
(ADM) or Terminal Multi-
plexer (TMX) is made up
of two cards. Submoduls
(Baby Boards) can be
fitted onto the main cards
to allow easy extension of
trib capacity up to
63x2 Mbit/s.
The network management
system can be connected
via a Q interface or an
embedded communica-
tion channel ECC for cen-
trally controlling all the
synchronous multiplexers
used within a network.
A local or network craft
terminal T-LCT/NCT can
be connected to the
SMA1K if local access is
required (connection via F
interface or Q interface).
This allows both local and
remote network elements
to be addressed. Fig. 1 Ultra-compact Synchronous Multiplexer SMA1K

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• Line interfaces • External synchronization • Interfaces for a network man-
- STM-1 (155 Mbit/s) optical agement system and for a local
• Retiming of the outgoing
- STM-1 (155 Mbit/s) electrical or network craft terminal
2 Mbit/s signals for supplying a
T-LCT/NCT
• Tributary interfaces remote station with a highly-
- 21 x 2 Mbit/s or accurate clock from the SDH • Managed by the same TMN as
- 63 x 2 Mbit/s or network SDH series 1 and 2 products
- 21 x 2 Mbit/s and
• Overhead access for EOW • Software download
- 1 x 34 Mbit/s
telephone and service channels
• High reliability through re-
• Possible connections
• Two alarm/telemetry inputs dundancy of all system internal
- Tributary-line
transmission and communica-
- Line-line • Supervision concept as per
tion paths
ITU-T Recommendation G.783
• Cross-connect granularity
or based on ETS 300417. • Decentralized power with
- TU-3
(formerly DE/TM-1015) redundant power feeding
- TU-12
• Bw7R In-station alarm monitor-
• Non-blocking switching matrix
ing
with 100% add/drop capacity

Fig. 2 SMA1K Main Card and Baby Boards for Extension

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Application
Synchronous multiplexers are
mainly used in the local and re-
gional levels of transport net-
works. These network levels are
dominated by transmission capaci-
ties STM-1 and STM-4. All subnet-
work topologies are used.
Point-to-Point Links
Star configurations are frequently
used at the lower network level to
Fig. 3 Application of SMA1K
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connect remote concentrator units
(RCU) of switching nodes or to Chains
establish dedicated connections
(leased lines).
If lines for medium traffic capacity
In the Terminal Multiplexer Appli-
have follow linear routes (e.g.
cation the SMA1K can be used to
along railroad sections, backbone
set up STM-1 point-to point links.
connections through the interior of
If required, suitable protection a company etc.), add/drop multi-
switching mechanisms such as plexers in chain configuration can
1+1 line MSP or path protection be used.
SNC/P can be used.
It is thus possible through specific
branching of 2-Mbit/s and
34-Mbit/s tributary signals to
establish connections between the
individual line nodes. The nodes
are linked via an STM-1 link. The
tributary channels are inserted/
extracted via the non-blocking
switching matrix of the add/drop
multiplexer.
Rings
The most elegant and efficient
network topology employed in
modern transmission networks is
the ring.
Fig. 4 Application as Add/Drop Multiplexer ADM
Fig. 5 Application as Terminal Multiplexer TMX
The ring features inherent advant- Terminal Multiplexer TMX
ages such as high transmission
reliability by accessing the nodes Terminal multiplexers are used in
via two different routes. point-to-point connections or
network spurs where they provide
access to the SDH transmission
networks.
Equipment Variants of the
Synchronous Multiplexer
Add/Drop Multiplexer ADM
Add/drop multiplexers are
employed in ring or chain-type
structures and provide easy
access to PDH tributary signals.
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Signal Transmission and Control
Each SMA1K can be equipped
with either two electrical or two
optical STM-1 line interfaces,
which can be connected so as to
form ring structures. Mixed mode
operation with one optical and one
electrical STM-1 line interface is
also possible. Payload signals can
be cross-connected line-to-line and
line-to-tributary.
Overhead Bytes
The SMA1K features external
interfaces for accessing various
overhead bytes. Two separate
overhead interfaces are available
for access to the Regenerator
Section Overhead (RSOH) and
Multiplexer Section Overhead
(MSOH) as follows:
• One data channel with V.11
interface bit rate of 64 kbit/s
(F1 byte)
• One 4-wire interface for a
engineer’s order wire telephone
(E2 byte)
Both channels are compatible with
the synchronous multiplexer
products SMA series 1 and 2.
Control and Monitoring
The object-oriented design of the
software maximizes reliability and
user-friendliness.
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The flexible, software-control- Two alarm/telemetry inputs can be
based monitoring concept employ- used for supervisory purposes.
ed in the SMA1K can be adapted
The synchronous multiplexers
easily to the user’s specific needs
perform the following manage-
and provides an optimum basis for
ment functions in accordance with
future modifications.
the relevant ITU-T recommenda-
The network management system tions and ETSI standards:
and/or a local or network craft
• Fault management
terminal T-LCT/NCT communicate
• Configuration management
with SMA1K’s System Controller
• Performance management
SC.
• Security management
At the heart of SC is a high per-
Specifically, these functions
formance microcontroller which
involve:
processes the alarm, status and
control information of the system. • Alarm processing for localizing
faults in the transmission
The SC not only establishes the
network
connection to local and remote
• Fault diagnosis at unit level
equipment (MCF function), but
• Controlling and storing of
also monitors all the internal func-
configuration data; these data
tions of the synchronous multi-
can be entered and retrieved at
plexer (SEMF function).
the network management
The following event and fault system or the T-LCT/NCT
reports are generated: • Transmission performance
monitoring in accordance with
• Visual reports by means of
ITU-T Recommendation G.826
LEDs (unit, subrack)
• Access control management in
• Bw7R alarm reports
the T-LCT/NCT for different user
• Reports via the T-LCT/NCT
classes with passwords
(F) interface
• Reports via the Q and ECC
interfaces
 Synchronization
The following clock sources can be
used as reference signals for
synchronizing the SMA1K:
• The clock T1 derived from an
STM-1 input signal,
• the clock T2 derived from a
2.048-Mbit/s input signal,
• an external 2.048-MHz clock
signal T3 supplied at the
synchronization input,
• an internal crystal-controlled
oscillator.
The clock source selection is
defined at the configuration stage
(e. g. during commissioning) by
assigning specific priorities.
Each configured clock source is
monitored during operation. If the
clock source currently being used
fails, the synchronous multiplexer
automatically selects the clock
source with the next highest
priority. If the original clock source
is restored, it is possible to switch
back to it automatically. Timing
marker processing (SSM) is also
supported.
During normal operation the inter-
nal clock generator is synchronized
to the selected reference signal. In
holdover or freerunning mode, the
SMA1K crystal controlled oscillator
ensures short-term clock accuracy
in accordance with ITU-T G.813. In
case of protected TMX or ADM
operation the internal oscillator is
duplicated.
Protection Switching
Traffic Path Protection
Subnetwork Protection Switching
with Path Monitoring (SNC/P)
On the line side, the tributary input
signals are switched in both the
directions of the ring. Continous
performance monitoring allows
each tributary output signal to be
selected from one of the two line
directions. Switching time is less
than 30 ms regardless of the
number of paths switched at the
same time.
Card protection (combined with
SNC/P)
In case of a complete card failure
the switching time for the
tributaries is less than 500 ms.
Line Protection
Linear MSP
If the working line fails, the protec-
tion line (and the protection card)
takes over the whole traffic.
Switching time is less than 50 ms.
Card protection (combined with
MSP)
A card failure forces a switchover
to the protection card. Switching
time is less than 500 ms.
Software
The boot and the operating soft-
ware are stored in nonvolatile
memory (FEPROM).
Redundant configuration data
storage in a FEPROM located on
backplane prevents from loss of
configuration data in case of card
failures.
Upgrade
The functionality of the synchro-
nous multiplexer can be upgraded
by software download, in which
the new software version can be
loaded - either from remote equip-
ment via the Q or the ECC inter-
face, or locally via the Q or the
F interface.
Transmission of the payload data
is not interrupted during the
download process.
The old software version remains
stored and can be activated again
if required.
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Local or Network Craft
Terminal T-LCT/NCT
The T-LCT/NCT features a graphi-
cal menu-driven user interface.
It is connected either to the F
interface or to the Q interface of
the synchronous multiplexer.
The Q interface (10-Mbit/s Ether-
net interface) provides access to
both local and remote network
elements and allows shorter
Fig. 6 Interfaces of SMA1K
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download times. When the
SMA1K is commissioned for the
first time, it must be configured via
the F interface (security manage-
ment).
Network Management
Various TMN options are available
for the SMA1K. Details on request.
Power Supply Concept
The station supply voltage can be
distributed via double feeds to the
subrack.
Each unit contains its own DC
converter which generates the
operating voltages used in the
units (decentralized power supply).
Mechanical Design

The SMA1K devices comply with

STEP Mechanical Design Art
(SMart). They can be accommo-
dated in conventional ETSI-style
ETSI 300 119-4 racks in central
buildings and are also suitable for
wall mounting at remote sites. The
width of the devices is selected so
that they can be accommodated in
19-inch racks without restrictions.
SMart Quarterpack was chosen as
the packaging system for the
SMA1K. Up to four devices of this
mounting width fit next to each
other in a 450 mm-wide bay using
a 450 mm height unit. An ETSI
rack can thus accommodate up to
12 devices in SMart Quarterpack.
SMart Quarterpack can also be
combined with devices of different
widths, e.g. SMart Halfpack.
SMart Quarterpack occupies up to
two single-board multiplexer cards
(working and protection) and
provides all external interfaces
within the most compact space in
SPIAC-S technology.
Expanding or replacing devices in
SMart Quarterpack does not
impose any restriction on the
operation of adjacent devices.
At the top edge of the front cover
are indicators and controls for local
alarm signaling. On the backplane
there is an EMI filter and an
EPROM for supporting remote
inventory.
The cards each contain the com-
plete transmission section of a
multiplexer in one ASIC. The
shared System Controller (SC) is
also accommodated in the (work-
ing) card.
It is possible to fit expansions
(EOW and trib interfaces) simply
by plugging in Baby Boards. This
allows trib capacity to be expan-
ded up to 63 x 2 Mbit/s or 21 x 2
Mbit/s plus 1 x 34 Mbit/s.

Fig. 7 ETSI Rack with four SMA1K in SMart Quarterpack

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Technical Specifications

Electrical Interfaces Clock Interfaces

as per ITU-T Recommendation G.703 Interfaces T3 and T4 for

HDB3 interface 2 Mbit/s ……………………… max. 63
Connectors …………………………. SIPAC (balanced
or unbalanced)
HDB3 interface 34 Mbit/s ……………………… max. 1
Connectors ……………………… SIPAC (unbalanced)
CMI interface 155 Mbit/s ………………………. max. 2
Optical Interfaces
as per ITU-T Recommendation G.957 with E2000,
FC/PC or DIN connectors
STM-1 interface 155 Mbit/s ……………….S-1.1, L-1.1,
L-1.2
Control and Service Interfaces
network synchronization (G.703) …………… 2048 kHz
Power Supply
Nominal values
for DC supply voltage ………………….. 48 V and 60 V
Range ……………………………………. 40,5 V to 75 V
Power consumption
at 60 V (typ.) ………………………………... 17 to 44 W
Dimensions in mm (W x H x D)
Rack ………………………………….. 600 x 2200 x 300
Subrack ………………………………… 108 x 449 x 279
Card ……………………………………… 40 x 265 x 235

Network Management Interfaces (G.773 and

G.784) Environmental Conditions
Q interface ……………………….. 10 Mbit/s (Ethernet)
F Interface ……………………………… 9.6 kbit/s (V.24) Q requirements
according to ………….. ETS 300 386-1:1994, table 4
Interface for Bw7R Alarm Signaling ETS 300 132
CE conformity
Telemetry Interface
in accordance with ………… EC directive 89/336/EC
Number of inputs ……………………………………… 2 including TBR12 for leased lines
Input data ……………………… max. 75 V, max. 5 mA Climatic conditions
for operation ……………………. ETS 300 019-1 3.1E
Overhead Access
Overhead interface (V.11) …………………. 1 interface
Bit rate …………………………………………. 64 kbit/s
4-wire interface for EOW telephone ……… 1 interface

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Abbreviations

ADM Add/drop multiplexer RCU Remote concentrator unit

AIS Alarm indication signal RSOH Regenerator section overhead
Bw7R Style 7R SC System controller
DC Direct current SDH Synchronous digital hierarchy
ECC Embedded communication channel SEMF Synchronous equipment management
EM-OS Element management operations function
system SMA1K Synchronous multiplexer add/drop,
EOW Engineering order wire compact
ETS(I) European telecommunication SMN-OS Synchronous management network
standardization (institute) operations system
EMI Electromagnetic interference SNC/P Subnetwork connection protection
ITU-T International telecommunication SSM Synchronous status message
union – telecommunication STM Synchronous transport module
standardization sector T-LCT/NCT TransXpress local craft terminal /
MCF Message communications function network craft terminal
MSOH Multiplexer section overhead TMN Telecommunication management
MSP Multiplexer section protection network
PDH Plesiochronous digital hierarchy TMX Terminal multiplexer
Q Interface to the TMN TU Tributary unit

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