Write your name here Centre Number Candidate Number, Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Chemistry Unit: 4CHO Science (Double Award) 4SCO Paper: 1C Wednesday 10 January 2018 — Morning Paper Reference Time: 2 hours agent c ‘You must have: Total Marks Calculator, ruler Instructions © Use black ink or ball-point pen. © Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number and candidate number. © Answer all questions. © Answer the questions in the spaces provided ~ there may be more space than you need. © Showall the steps in any calculations and state the units. © Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box®. If you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box &@ and then mark your new answer with a cross Ba. Information @ The total mark for this paper is 120. © The marks for each question are shown in brackets —use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. Advice © Read each question carefully before you start to answer it. © Write your answers neatly and in good English. @ Try to answer every question. © Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over > Scanned with CamScannerAnswer ALL questions. 1 Use the Pesigglic Table on page 2 to help you answer this question. (a) Give the symbol of the element that has an atomic number of 14. (1) ee (b) Give the symbol of the element that has a relative atomic mass of 14. a aN (©) Give the number of the group that contains the noble gases. (1) ©. (d) Identify the group whose atoms form ions with a charge of +1. a) RAI OB oc oo NOON (e) Identify the group whose atoms form ions with a charge of -1. a) OA 1 OB oc mo NO ON _ (Total for Question 1 = 5 marks) Scanned with CamScanneri three states of matt. 2 The diagram shows the arrangement of particles in the three re. \ v Each circle represents a particle. O © x y, (@) Use the letters x, Y and Z to give the starting and finishing states of matter for each of the changes in the table. The first one has been done for you. (3) "change | Sewing stata | Finishing state | ice to water : z ve Solid iodine to iodine gas z x | | molten iron to solidiron | uy au | | ethene to poly(ethene) x Z| (b) Which of these changes takes place when solid iodine is heated to form iodine gas? OD A crystallisation a) O B evaporation OC melting 1 D sublimation __(Total for Question 2=4 marks) ‘ {MN A Scanned with CamScanner% . *e cold water purple crystals {a) State how the appearance of the crystals and the water change as the crystals dissolve. (2) cnstas..qhey.usillerendually ob amaller water...\wanes Yoon, ealovaless.. bo ~PH..puagle, (©) Which process occurs as the crystals dissolve to form i D A condensation ™e Os crystallisation " =} &C diffusion & D meting Scanned with CamScanner(c) The student repeats the experiment using hot water instead of cold water. (i) State how the change in the appearance of the water differs when hot water is used instead of cold water. (i) Net yoted We. we w0\ VN. Asa00, Drom colores... Lo QUAYS... nome. sen grctly. a (i) Explain, in terms of particles, why the change differs when hot water is used instead of cold water. (2) Me highon. Lemgenatume, Pant cles qoi0...00...noae Wieehe enemas +0... Dinmes, Leber anddfMse .gvictlyro bob watem Anon...0..0dd waked, (Total for Question 3 = 6 marks) Scanned with CamScannerseul i peratures, nd its sub. rien scree o bl ives the soubity oF PTS = table = Soe T 20 | 30 | 0 | en | 52 | 65 | g3 | 106 | 135 en earemneroo || 215 ee = best fit. (a) Plot the points on the grid and draw a curve of : (a 140 —— —_— t - - 1304 a oS a ano EEE Se 4 100 + i 90 4 Solubility in g / Per 1009 of water s0-4 4 50 30 Ca temperature in °C Scanned with CamScanner(b) Extend your curve to find the solubility of potassium nitrate at 10°C. (2) solubility =... 3.@. g per 100g of water (©) Use your graph to find the maximum mass of potassium nitrate that could dissolve in 50g of water at 35°C. (2) Maamum Mose = e x58 =2 4a maximum mass =.....--24... 9 (Total for Question 4 = 7 marks) Scanned with CamScannerhydrocarbons: Jf Crude oil is 2 liquid that contains 2 mixture of many hy tel & late jation Oo} . ‘ ne hows 2 fractionating column used in the distill The : : e diagram ined are shown one use for ‘each of four of the fractions is also sho, \ six fractions obtane . refinery 92525 ine gasoline se |kerosen€_, | fuel for aircraft diesel Aes Liesl» [ fuel forlon r Ltuel oll crude oil >| Cc bitumen > hat is done to the crude oll before it enters the fractionating column. (a) Describe w! @ corde.cil.i heated at Goo? C...vert wo sogoni.sed.- (b) State how the temperature changes from the top of the column to the bottom. art. bemgemaluae. pnemease.b (0) Give a use for gasoline and a use for bitumen. (2) vaoed. in..ca® Rel eed ra bio .ocad euler &. gasoline. bitumen. (@) Name the fraction that contains the largest molecules. 1 Bitymen ysical property that allows the different fractions t0 be collected at (e) State the ph} the column. different heights in tl Boiling. point (Total for Question 5 = 7 marks) Scanned with CamScanner/g This question is about elements in Groups 1 and 7 of the Periodic Table. (a) The diagram shows two ways in which potassium can be converted into potassium chloride. acid water add acid Z - Potassium | ———>} colourless solution Y_ |» Potassium chloride solution heat in gas X potassium chloride solid Give the names of gas X, colourless solution Y and acid Z. (3) gas x... Chlomi.ng. colourless solution ¥..... pohaSadvm.qpimate acid Z_ Wud mechlomic.. acid (b) When sodium is burned in iodine gas, sodium iodide is formed. (i) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and iodine. a) 2No.4.To-—.QNaT. (ii) Give a test to show that an aqueous solution of sodium iodide contains iodide ions. (3) test for iodide ions. Add. Ailuke..nSbate.act.d observation... Mellas..pneat ei Late. of alemiodide fame _(Total for Question 6 = 7 marks) {AE OE Tarn aver Scanned with CamScanner7 Copper pytites is an ore of copper that contains copper, iron and sulfur. (a) The percentage composition by mass of copper pyrites is Cu 34.60% Fe 30.52% 5 34.88% ‘Show, by calculation, that the empirical formula of copper pyrites is CuFes, w Re S a News — 34.60 80-452 34.BR ’ BB Meeolia - B460/,, BOOMS, a2 Melee 064 .o 1 Ceuta ; 04 Dredd by 0545. el erry Swollem mole 9 548, > ate Raho - 4 z fi CobeSs F ahewe 4 (b) Copper is obtained from copper pyrites in a two-stage process. Stage 1 Copper pyrites is heated in air. 2CuFeS, + 30, >» 2CuS + 2FeO + 250, Stage 2 The copper(|l) sulfide is separated and then heated in air. It reacts with ‘oxygen to form copper and sulfur dioxide. (i) State why the sulfur in the reaction in stage 1 is described as being oxidised. mM Th.gained oxygen and gain of orygen.it..oridale.o. (ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction that occurs in stage 2. a) WS. 0. => Cr 4 Sd, Scanned with CamScanner/ (0) Sulfur dioxide dissolves in water to form an acidic solution, (i) Identify the ion that causes this solution to be acidic. a Ryd .400. 28.0. == . (ii) State how litmus paper can be used to show that the solution is acidic. a) Rive \ikinos. 9092 huang...sed.tn..ecidie..solslron., (iii) Give two observations that are made when a piece of magnesium ribbon is added to the acidic solution. (2) 1 Rzzing cou... 2 Nhagae sive... aibblb.on....eren tually disap peat: (Total for Question 7 = 9 marks) Scanned with CamScannersome dilute hydrochloric acid jn, ang! we 7 é jece of zinc tO 8 Inanexperiment student adds a pi \ 3 ‘i \ dilute : hydrochloric y acid zinc rature before adding the zinc. The student measures the temper a tems ‘After adding the zinc, he stirs the mixture and measures the highest The diagram shows his results. 35 ao 30 25 25 20 20 before after {a) Use the readings to complete the table, giving all values to the nearest 0.5°C. (2) - ny 1 Temperature in Cafteraddingthezine | 9 @ 5 ee - 23 mee in °C before adding the zinc | | Change in temperature in °C Scanned with CamScanner{b) The student wants to find out if there is a relationship between the reactivity of a metal and the temperature rise. He repeats the experiment four times, using a different metal each time. The table shows his results. Metal added | Temperature rise in °C | magnesium 75 gold 00 iron 3.0 calcium 105 (i) State three factors that the student should keep constant in each experiment. @) 1 Nelume.... - 2..Concentoadioo 3.Ahmosa of. men mole ry od Lhe. mebal . . (i) Using information from the table, state the relationship between the reactivity of a metal and the temperature rise. o AHE..shome...neockiye. the... metal...he.qmealer...treSempemaluee..atse: (iii) State why there is no temperature rise when gold is added to the acid. a) Gold. 24.04 Aves .n0+.Peacch.mbhy te suith hudoecdleare..natd (Total for Question 8 = 7 marks) Scanned with CamScannerseal 3S. ‘eed using simple te e bei identified e nds can e test jonic compou" a : jentifie . me reactions in ( mn can bei ident tified by obs 7 a some anions neg Solutions of the ‘compounds the flame test colours for four «i 9 Theions present in «some cations (po: ations. Table 1 shows test colour — Flame Cation rubidium jum | red strontit [prawn |tee__— Table 1 f three tests used to identify anions in solution. Table 2 shows the results of pete Test and Result | ‘nloric Magnesium chloride | | Methyt orange | | solution added _ _ 8 carbonate chloride no change a cee effervescence no change hydrogencarbonate | hydrogensulfate | nochange _| no change hydroxide | mo change _ if white precipitate fc forms | | yellow seeceaae sec oc peieneeees Table 2 wer these questions. Use the information in the tables to anst produces effervescence when {@) In the tests, compound X gives a red flame and hydrochloric acid is added. Suggest two possible identities for compound X. (2) Sloontium... caabonake 2, Sleenhwm.hydacoen. combate: Scanned with CamScanner4 i 2 2 3 a (b) (0 In the tests, compound Y gives a blue flame and prod when methyl orange is added. Se eae oe A student concludes that compound Y is tantalum hydroxide. Give two reasons why this conclusion may not be correct. (2) 1 OLN QBN Sonoda... Pame..Wrer..covld...be..gaa.rent tn.comp= ound A: 2 Coatmmte.wans..velou. colour oshen..cethy!..omanaetm.added (ii) Which additional test from Table 2 would show that the only anion in compound Y is the hydroxide ion? a) Nddeeg of ha cehloate..anid : (©) An aqueous solution contains either carbonate ions or hydrogencarbonate ions. Using only information from the tables, explain how you could decide if the solution contains carbonate or hydrogencarbonate ions. (3) UL Dact.add.. magne stom. chloa'de...salsbon.tocack aclabion..if calpenale..r00. 002, .eaevent white yecipitale Bom. bub sf hho Gaabonake..... ere ten e..ame gresen’ sreae_ will be nochange: (Total for Question 9 = 8 marks) Scanned with CamScannerwhen nile aciq enero released nitric acid burette polystyrene cup potassium hydroxide solution She uses this method. © put 25,0cm? of potassium hydroxide solution into the polystyrene cup «measure the temperature of the potassium hydroxide solution © add 5.00cm’ of nitric acid from the burette re reached © stir the mixture and measure the highest temperatul add further 5.00cm? samples of nitric acid, stir and measure the highest temperature reached after each addition (a) Name the piece of apparatus that should be used to measure the 25.0¢! potassium hydroxide solution. im’ of a) Pipokbe. (b) The table shows the student's results. — Total volume of acid added in cm? | 0.00 | 5.00 25,00 | 30.00 Highest temperature reached in 18.0 | 25.0 | 2! 7. 0 | 22.1 | | | 2.0 0 | 29.0 | 31.0 | 37.0 | 40.00 Scanned with CamScanner() The result for 20.00.cm’ of acid is anomalous, Suggest two possible mistakes, other than misreading the thermometer, that the student might have made to produce the anomalous result. (2) 11h. hudend ide! obie tye. snl adne. prnogeal 2. stedentodded less. thag..Gen?. ef. the acid (ii) Suggest a true value for the temperature when 20.00cm’ of acid is added. (1) BBC, (©) Inanother experiment, the student records these results. (snes volume of potassium hydroxide solution 25.0cm* starting temperature of potassium hydroxide solution | 16.0°C eee fase neesee total volume of acid added 25.00cm* highest temperature reached by the mixture | 35.0°C Calculate the heat energy released using the equation Q=mx 4.18 x AT he heat energy released in J mass of the mixture in g AT= change in temperature in °C [assume mass of 1.00.cm’ of the mixture is 1.00g] (3) Qe mde AT 50 X41% x [9346 ] Aq! " heat energy released = "S71 (Total for Question 10 = 7 marks) Scanned with CamScanner J-—— titanium and its compounds. 41 This question js about (a) Titanium is 2 metal. The diagram shows the arrangement of the particles in titanium. KY \% metal : cations delocalised 3 electrons ‘ (i) State why metals such as titanium are good conductors of electricity. a) ougnovt..Wre- obewer elechnons....teot Drow. Ano cal diner ce. 3 aged als such as titanium are malleable. (2) afiey. Nave. Aclocalived. Jung. whenr..o (i) Explain why met name amnmede-d..Ae Lawes of peartese| Joens! + afect. are \bendang,.2 We AMeocked.4s jne_delocaltsed) When, mebel eee Alanis. Jon &.shide..evee..coh. olveo:s hie aheucbone.s Whe. goat dae 2ene.oe oki clean e..Wsi8. woh. Phew. amemalleable.... Scanned with CamScanner{p) Titanium(V) chloride, TICL, and titanium(Iv) oxide, TiO,, are both covalent compounds. TiCl is aliquid at room temperature. TiO, is a solid with a high melting point. Explain these properties in terms of the structures of the two compounds. (5) «Blas W'.chlear.de. have. aample.moleeuld..ctavokuae and. thee, 02 _weokinteamoleculea Nace v.00 ethaoctsnn....peboaes...the molecsles apd less eneagy ie needed te crereome.these Reece. Te, hao lo..mellinoy ard lreitten pein . + Tetantum.C1v) onde... hae. o.aant se) covalent: Rens hae. de onde d..by..s mong consent bend: Lamae. ames nto. eran, enema: i seguioadd Jeroen these onde «Thue. jt has high.melbing. cok (©) (i) A mixture of titanium(IV) oxide and carbon reacts with chlorine to form titanium(IV) chloride and carbon dioxide. Write a chemical equation for this reaction. (2) : Bat 204, ——2 BOL, +o, (ii) Titanium(IV) chloride reacts with magnesium to form titanium and magnesium chloride, MgCl, Write a chemical equation for this reaction. a) ely + 9Mq > Th Dag (Total for Question 11 = 11 marks) MrT — Scanned with CamScanner12. Amixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxiue erm v7" ~ jane assing it over a heated solid catalyst, synthesis gas is converted to methanol, CH;OH, by pi two reactions are The equations for the a = CH,OH(g) sal Reaction? CO(g) + 2HA(g) = CMs ST siina Reaction2 CO,(g) + 3H:(9) = CH;OH(g) + H20(9) AH (a) Assume that both reactions reach a position of equilibrium. i roduce () For reaction 1, predict whether using a high or a low temperature would pt the higher yield of methanol. Give a reason for your choice. 4) reason low empema toe. Mawes tre, Coward Cexoieamie) meeckion SMe posikon A egyiliboiwm shi Pts to. aight (ii) For reaction 2, predict whether using a high or a low pressure would produce the higher yield of methanol. Give a reason for your choice. | | | | | | | prediction low. Jememabwre world gaokvee. iden iveld | | | | | | | prediction Nigh...aereume. wovld gacduce hidre@ weld of melharel | reason Me hide .yaewoume gosiion ef egvilsbatam ahilhs bo dhe ode umere. moles omeles a, heae tha aid aide | (b) The catalyst increases the rate of both the forward reaction and the backward reaction. Suggest why the catalyst has no effect on the position of equilibrium, Cobolyst Mas no chQed on She goaihien..of eguilibaium as fit Poinenesse s ttt me the mate of beth ewoad and backuand meachiva equally: Scanned with CamScanner(4 Reaction 1 can be represented by a reaction profile diagram. enthalpy Beackion Ane (Complete the profile by showing the products of the reaction and the enthalpy change, AH, for the reaction. (2) (ji) Draw an arrow on the profile to represent the activation energy for the forward reaction. Label this arrow E. a) (ii) State the effect, if any, of the catalyst on the enthalpy change for the reaction. a Qrdalyed has.oe...efQet...on. ne onvncley change (Total for Question 12 = 7 marks) Scanned with CamScannerCaCO, -» CaO + CO, Id be obtained when 20 tonnes of Caco, (a) Calculate the maximum mass of CaO that coul . | is decomposed. e | Give the unit. " | [M,of C20=56; M,of CaCO,= 100; 1 tonne = 10°g] 4 \ . ) . 20 X10 oO ; wol of CaQ0g, =—Z5— = 20000 : ¥ Sc = WXDDOO00g =W2 donne mass of Ca0= WV %... unit bonne (b) Slaked lime, Ca(OH),, forms when water is added to calcium oxide. | Give the chemical name of slaked lime. mase of QaO = 200000 Caleiom hydoori de (©) Slaked lime is often added to soil to raise the PH of the soil. A chemist neutralises 25.0. cm’ of 0.500 mol/dm’ hydrochloric acid with slaked lime. Ca(OH), + 2HCI > CaCl, + 2H,O | (i) Calculate the amount, in moles, of HCI that is neutralised. 28x05 1000 mol = +0012 & amount of HCl= 0:91.26. mol (ii) Calculate the minimum mass, in grams, of Ca(OH), required to neutralise the HCI. | [M, of Ca(OH), = 74) mol wato= 182 mol - of Ca(OH) 2 L yo0|2 = 0-0062H | W3UY SIHLNIZLINM LONOG MasS = 000 625 «714 +046 | minimum mass of Ca(OH); = .0-4. © a) Scanned with CamScanner(@ Adlear solution of slaked lime is made by dissolving Ca(OH), in an excess of water. This solution is left exposed to air. The solution slowly goes milky as a faint white precipitate forms, Explain why a faint white precipitate forms. (2) The.sle0®... solyi0o...0n beng ex posed.to..00%,.qeboilly.ar they.meocd...wittrcombondiinxide in.air tofem.eolid.caleum Ca@bonake..: _ (Total for Question 13 = 10 marks) Scanned with CamScannerwy dv. rocarbons, QR, 5,7, Uan 14 The table shows the displayed formulae of six hydi s : s H H HHH Kt <7 | . £ H-C—C—CH ‘ c=C—C-H AN 4 a HHH H H \ H H Vv a mr | tthe | 4 Cane a \ He H rt i HHHH HH H een | HH (a) Which two hydrocarbons will instantly decolourise bromine water? (1) A Randv ® B Qandu Oc Sandt O D QandT (b) Which two hydrocarbons have the general formula C,Hans2? a) = OA Randv - O B Qandu ° @ c SandT a O D QandT (c) Which hydrocarbon is an isomer of U? cao a OBR oct Rov Scanned with CamScanner@ which two hydrocarbons have the empirical formula CH,? q) mA RandV OB Qands Oc Rands OD Tandu (e) The substitution reaction between hydrocarbon T and bromine is similar to the reaction between methane and bromine. (i) State a condition, other than temperature, that is required for this reaction to take place. a) (moence...of. UN (ii) Suggest a displayed formula for a possible organic product of the reaction between hydrocarbon T and bromine. a nae | Ao =a ec —C—®e | 7 H yw Ww H (Total for Question 14 = 6 marks) Scanned with CamScanner(| boas 15 The flow diagram shows the main stages in an industrial process to manufacture ammo, 4 Gas B GasA - - (made from natural gas) (obtained from ait) reactor unreacted gases condenser | —> j ammonia (@) Give the name of this industrial process. 0) Mabe® proce. t& (b) Identify gases A and B. (2) gas A.aogen gas B...h ryhaage (©) State the purpose of the condenser. m Te condensoa..im used to lige ly lve. emmonta.: (d) Name the catalyst that is used in the reactor. Ten. (€) Suggest two reasons why the unreacted gases are recycled a (2) 1theunmeacted. gave eae Otiweled Ac an ateaiala 2.To..yooduce.moee..ammania Scanned with CamScannerqhe reaction to make ammoni: it f ia Is reversible and can reach € position of equilibrium. The graph shows the percentage yi eiperatures and prevaunce, ige yield of ammonia at equilibrium, and at different 80 70 60 Percentage yield of ammonia at equilibrium (%) 0 100 200 300 Pressure in atmospheres (i) State the conditions of temperature and pressure that would produce the largest percentage yield of ammonia. ; 2 “Hoo atm..ond.B50°C ge yield of ammonia at equilibrium, at a pressure of (ii) Find the percenta and a temperature of 450°C. a 200 atmospheres | 40/0 | (ii) Suggest why, in the industrial process, the percentage yield of ammonia at 200 atmospheres and 450°C is only 15%. a) The. peneentage yield. 1s only. 15%o.4 betav.oe.the..rench'o doewn't meach...egyilibarum.: (Total for Question 15 = 11 marks) _ Scanned with CamScanner(II) sulfate, FeSO,.xH,0 rated The mineral rozenite contains crystals of hyd 16 The the value of x. jent wants to find tl ae > ‘tus to remove and collect the water of crystallisati pI She uses this apparat of ironiil) sulfate crystals. Ji iron(t) sulfate crystals tube A tube B ice + salt mixture She uses this method, * weigh empty tube A to find its mass * Place a sample of hydrated iron() sulfate crystals into tube A and reweigh * heat tube A * allow tube A to cool and reweigh * repeat the process until the mass no longer changes Heating until the mass no longer changes is known as heating to constant mass. When iron(I!) sulfate crystals are heated gently, they decompose according to this equation. FeSO.xHO + FeSO, + xH,0 ‘These are the student's results, [mass oftube a 7 7 | Mass of tube A and FeSO,.xH,0 oe mass Of tube A and contents after heating to const tant mass | 15.76 ae] (9) State why itis necessary to heat the crystals to constant mass, a) To make cure, aM the heen..aesmeved, Soom. Aneemys- dale. walee law Scanned with CamScanner WAY CHT AW airuan nae ncae calculate the m; 0, wo ‘ass of FeSO, forms SO, formed after heating to constant mass. a Moe S = 16-70 -11.90 mass of FeSO, formed = e222 RQ I (ii) Calculat te the mass of water collected in tube B after heating to constant mass. Mace of watem =17- 62-15-76 =1-'8 mass of water collected = 1.8. g (iii) Calculate the value for x in the formula FeSO,.xH,0 Give your answer to the nearest whole number. IM, of FeSO, = 152; M, of H,0 = 18] a) 23 \ Py, 0+ +8 x mo = asl mol of FeS0y ~T59 2 < 0025 zo) \ 0.025 ol At vide by amallent nmbe2® > ~ 0-025 ® Sons: =\,4 x= 4 xo A (0) When the student adds the water from tube B to anhydrous copperl) sulfate, she observes that the mixture gets hot and that there is 2 colour change from white to blue. Explain these observations. (2) open (i).sul Pate ye then wale? te..added.to anhydoou.&....c0) do..exotheamia: aghh hot. beeavee..te aeacdion ide. ce Domed. Arabre...blueto.celove steve. Mydoote d...copgea Cuyeneh (Total for Question 1 TOTAL FOR PAPER = 120 MARKS Scanned with CamScanner