Student’s Book Simon Haines Barbara Stewart OXFORD TT SINAET UA HAMLELVAUSEET EDO 6 VicateMasterclassFirst CertificateM jterclassFirstCertificateMasterclass rstCertificateMasterclass FirstCert ateMasterclassFirstCertificateMc rclassFirstCertificateMasterclassF stCertificateMasterclassFirstCerti} iteMasterclassFirstCertificateMa rclassFirstCertificateMasterclas: \CertificateMasterclassFirstCertific eMasterclassFirstCertificateMaste 1ssFirstCertificateMasterclassFirs rtificateMasterclassFirstCertifica lasterclassFirstCertificateMasterc ksFir CertificateMasterclassFirstC dle“ Sytificate, b an i; ise Mac tells FintCarifentend ferclassFirstCertificate Masterclass rstCertificateMasterclassFirstCert cate MasterclassFirstCertificateMa rclassPirstCertificateMasterclasst tCertificateMasterclassFirstCerti iteMasterclassFirstCertificateMa: rclassFirstCertificateMasterclassFi, (CertificateMasterclassFirstCertific »MasterclassFirstCertificateMaste, ssFirstCertificateMasterclassFirs, srtificate MasterclassFirstCertifice fasterclassFirstCertificateMasten sFirstCertificateMasterclassFirstC hificateMasterclassFirstCertificate pisterclassFirstCertificateMasterch ‘irstCertificateMasterclassFirstCe icateMasterclassFirstCertificateM MterclassFirstCertificateMasterclas: rstCertificateMasterclassFirstCen ateMasterclassFirstCertificateM rclassFirstCertificate Masterclass) tCertificateMasterclassFirstCerti iteMasterclassFirstCertificateMa rclassFirstCertificateMasterclassFiFirst Certificate Masterclass Student’s Book. Simon Haines Barbara Stewart UNIVERSITY PRESSContents Bram factfile 1 The sexes 2 Compulsion 3 Talents 4 Appearances 5 Foreign parts 6 The mind 7 Free time 8 Media 9 Around us 10 innovation 11 communication 12 society Reference Section +8 a a 78 101 "3 125 137 149 Reading Part 2 Multiple choice Space trave! Y Group rours Exam techniques Part 4 Multiple matching Part 1 Multiple aching Wil Smith » Phrasal verbs with break Exam techniques Part 2 Mutipi choice Phrasal verbe with put Part 3 Gapped text ‘few to Braz by accident » Phrasal verbs: ave Exam techniques Port 1 Multiple ratching » Colocaions: verts and Part 4 Muttpie matching Holidays witha difference Prefies Exam techniques Part 3 Gapped text So .end such Part 2 Multiple choice Volcanoes 1 Word building Part 1 Multiple matching Inventions: he tp ten? 1 Phrasal verbs with cory Part 3 Gapped test "now just how you fer Port 4 Multiple matching Overcoming erime Crime voxabulary Listening Exam techniques Pat 3 Multiple matening 1 Phrasal verbs with ing Part 4 Multiple choice en's an women’s abilities Part 2 Sentence completion Computer games 1 Moods a actitudes Exam techniques Part 1 Multiple choice Part 4 Tre or fake? Developing talent in children Confusing verts: se, aris, ise Part 3 Multiple matching Cothing and fashion Confusing adverbs Evam techniques Part & Multiple choice Part 3 Multigte matching Going abrose Phrasal verbs with eok Part 2 Sentence cerpletion Factors influencing success Personal quaives cam techniques Part 2 Sertence completion Part 1 Multiple choice Ustening to music Part 3 Multiple matching How people use the inceret Part 4 Multiple choice The effeess of tourism Part 2 Sentence completion Gadgets Part 1 Multiple choice Teling les 1 Collocatiors with soy, speak, tik ane tel, Confusing vers: hope wait, expect, look forwerd 10 Part 3 Muhiple matching Problems related to money Speaking Part 1 Giving personal information Looking for 2 genfiend Part 2 Long turn Fans ard enthusasts Parts 3 ané 4 Two-way task and Discussion (Choosing a job Part 2 Long tuin The appearance of place Parts 3 and Two-way tsk and Discussion Ceiting to know a country Parts 3 and 4 Two-way tsk and Discussion Suess eet Parts 3 and 4 Two-way tsk ‘and Discussion Acamping haliday Part 2 Long tun Aavertising| Parts 3 and 4 Two-way 3k and Discussion Improving re environment Parts 3 and 4 Two-way tsk {and Discussion Historical breatthraughs| Part 2 Long tun lays of tearning Part 2 Long turn People and society Extra material 161 Writing guide 162-172 Grammar reference 173-191Writing Part 1 Informal eter Foxal and informal languege art 2 Antic Creating interest Part 2 letter of application Punctuation rat Report Impersonal ‘anguage Part 2 Informa eter Creating interest art 2 Short story Dramatic effect Part Formal letter Contrasting fanguage Part 2 Discusive composition Connecting ideas Part 1 Informal letter Asking for information Part 2 Article Beginnings ard endings Part 1 Feemal letter Focusing exressions art2 Report Complex sentences Grammar and Practice ‘The future, Future continuous and Future perfect Part 2 Cle sae tevin ques Use of English Part 4 Ero conection Habits Reocated action, Used 9 Fart 2 Ooze Con, be abet, Other ability structures Part 2 Clze Exam techn ques Use of English Part 5 Wor formation Modal verbs of obigation, don't nee to need’ have, becllowed to| cant Part 4 Error conection Past time, Patcgle dauses Fart 3 Key word vansformations fran techenques Use of English Part 2 Cloze ‘Gerunds and infritves Pact 4 Error conection Passive verbs, Hove/ Get something done Part 2 Clze an) tes ques Use of English Pat 1 Muliple-choice core Prrasal vers with come, Which word? Reporting statements, Reporting questions, Time ard other references in reported speech, Reporting functions Part 3 Key word transformations Relative clauses Part 2Cleze sam tech ques Use of Enlish Part 3 Key word transformations Wishes and regrets, rather and it's ime Part 4 Error corection| Conditionals 0, 1,2, and 3, Med conditional, Unless, Along 0s Provided thot Part 3 Key word transformations Probabity and possibilty Articles Vocabulary Personality nurs and ajctives, Confusing vers ale Formal and nora anguane, Meanings of get Prrasal verbs Comparison Fm vocsbulary ‘Noun suffixes Pare 1 Mutiple-choice dove Parts ofthe body, Seeing verbs Negative adjectives Confusing words Extreme adjectives Cotocetion Part 1 Mutiple-choice cove Sports vocabulary Compound pours Part 5 Word formation Dependent prepositions ‘Adjective sutfes Compound adjectives ‘Adjectives: postive or negative? Part 1 Mutiple-choice doce Overview Part 4 Eror correction, Phrasal vers with bing. Meanings of get Part 2 Cloze, Used t, Personality adjectives, Part § Word formation, Abily exressions. Phrasal ver with break Part 4 E110 conection, Nodal verbs of obligation, Phrasal verbs with put Part 2 Claze, Past time. Phrasal verbs Part § Word formation, Gerunds and infntves, Collocation art 4 Eror correction, Preies Part § Word formation, Reported and iret speech, ‘Soand such Part 3 Key word transformations, Relatwe prorours, Dependent prepositions Part § Word formation, Wishes and regrets, drier and I's time, Phrasal vos with camry Part 2 Clze, Conditions, Colloeations, Confusing verts Part 3 Key word transformations, ArticlesExam factfile Introduction Paper 1 Reading ‘The First Certificate in English corresponds to Level Three in the Cambridge ESOL five-level system. It also corresponds to the Association of Language Teachers in Europe (ALTE) level 3 and Council of Europe level B2 Vantage. ‘The examination consists of five papers. Hach of these papers is worth 20% of the total. A, B, and C are pass grades, D and E are fail grades, and U is an unclassified result. ‘This paper consists of four parts and takes 1 hour and 15 minutes. Each part contains a text and a comprehension task of some kind. There are thitty-ive questions in total. ‘The tents are taken from newspaper and magazine articles, advertisements, brochures, guides, letters, fiction, messages, and reports Part Task type Number | What do you do? What does it test? Exam techniques ofitems 1 Multiplematching 6 0r7 | Match headings orsummariesYourabiity te identify the main page 80 with paragraphs pointsin paragraphs 2 Multiplechoice | 7or8—— Answer each question by Your understanding of detailed page 5¢ choosing one option from a intsin 8 text, including setof four Opinions and attitudes 2 Gapped text Gor7 | Choose sentences or Your understanding ofhow page 108, paragraphs tocompletegaps | textsare structured inatext 4 Multplematching 13-18 | Answer questions byidentifying | Yourabilty to sean and locate page 23 information in short texts specific information in text Remember! 4 EXAM FACTFILE * Read and follow all instructions carefully © Read cach text through quickly before doing the related tasks. * You will not have time to read all texts in detail, and it isn’t necessary. Skim and scan texts for answers where possible.Paper 2 Writing “This paper takes | hour 30 minutes and consists of two parts. In Part 1, you must answer the question, which is always a letter. In Part 2, you must choose one of four questions. These may include articles, discursive compositions, informal letter, leters of application, reports, or stories. Pert Task type | Number What do you do? What does it test? 7 7 of words 1 Question 1 120-160 | Read the context Formal or informal transactional letter task instructions and and then write a letter fora particular write your letter purpose, 29, requesting an action, giving information, and in an ‘appropriate style for the reader 2 Questions 2-4 120-180 Choose one from Your ability to put together ideas on a Aselecton of thre from these task Questions 2-5. Rezd the topic ard express them clearly for the ‘ype: article, discursive composition, task instructions and reader within the Format ofthe task informal letter, etter of application, write your answer report, or story Question 5 Two tasks,(al and (b), from the list above ‘elated to the set books for FCE. | In First Certificate Masterclass, examples of each Paper 2 question type can be found in the Writing Guide pages 162-172. Remember! © Spend a few minutes making a simple plan for each piece of writing. Decide ‘on an appropriate style, layout and organisation. ‘Think about the content of paragraphs and the language you will use, e.g. verb tenses. Keep your plan in mind while writing * Don'tspend more than half the time on your first answer. ‘© Make sure you answer all the points in the question appropriately * Check your writing by reading it through. Try to hear your own voice and ‘listen’ for mistakes. Check grammar, spelling, and punctuation. EXAMFACTFLE 6Paper 3 Use of English This paper consists of five parts and takes 1 hour 15 minutes. You will be tested on your knowledge of grammar and vocabulary. Part | Task type Number | Wnat do you do? Winat does it test? | eam ae ofits | | techniques 1) Muliple-stoice doze 18 | Choose one word or phase |Your aceuacy with vesbuar, | pave 9 feor a set of four options to | including otferences in meaning | fila gapin a test between similar words, and how | words fit with the grammar of | sentence 2 | cloze 15 | Think of single ward which | Your acurecy with grammar ard| page 66 | test fits in each space ina text | vocabulary in context 3. | Key word transformations | 10 Read a prompt sentence, then |Your accuracy with a wide renge page 120 complete a second sentence | of structures, as wll as phrasal with between two and five | verbs and lexical phrases words including 2 given word | | a _ 4 | Error conection “15 | Decide feach line aFa tet | Your bility ta identity the kind of page 17 contains an unnecessary wore | grammar mistakes you might | and identify it ‘make in your wring | Word frmaton “10 | Usea given root word to form | Your accuracy in werd-buing, page 43 another word wtih fis in 2 | inéuding compound words ard | tet the us of prefixes and utes Remember! © Spend about ten minutes on cach task. This will allow you at least twenty 6 EXAM FACTFILE minutes to check your answers and to go back to parts you found difficult. © If there's a question you can’t answer, don't waste time worrying about it. Go con to something else.Part Task type ‘This paper consists of four parts and takes about 40 minutes, ‘The recorded texts may include the following: Single speakers: answerphone messages, commentaries, documentaries, instructions, lectures, news, public announcements, advertisements, reports, speeches, stories, talks. ‘Two or more speakers: chats, conversations, discussions, interviews, quizzes, radio plays, transactions. ‘The speakers will have a variety of accents. Background sounds may be included before the speaking begins to provide contextual information. 1 Multiple choice 2 Note taking, blan filing ‘or senterce completion Number | What do you do? What does it test? Bam | of items techniques 8 Listen to eight short unrelated | Your understanding of general | page 41 extracts. For each one, you ideas or detailed points in a text, answer a question by choosing including opinions and attitudes one option from a set oF three 10 Listen and complete the spaces | Your ability to select information | page 93, with the missing information | and take notes while listening 3 Multiple matching {Selecting from two or three possibie answers: Remember! [5 Listen to five rated extracts |Your understanding of general | page 15 and mateh them with given ideas or detailed points ina text, prompts including opinions and attitudes Listen and select Yes/No, Your understanding of general | page 68 True/Faise, Multiple choice, or | ideas or detailed points ina text, decide which speater sai | including opinions and attitudes what. * Listen carefully to the instructions on the cassette © Try to predict as much about the recordings as you can from the question paper. * Don't panic if you don't understand everything the first time. © Answer all the questions. EXAM FACTFILE 7Paper 5 Speaking ‘This paper consists of four patts and takes approximately 14 minutes. ‘There are normally two candidates and two examiners. One examiner assesses, while the other gives instructions an¢ talks to the candidates. In certain circumstances, three candidates may sit the test together, which takes approximately twenty minutes, You will be assessed on «+ accurate use of grammar « range and use of vocabulary + pronunciation + communication + successful completion of tasks Part | Task type Timing | What do you do? What does it test? Masterclass oninutes) example 1 [Interview 3 | Answer the examiner's Your ability to give basic personal | page 19 ‘questions about personal information about yourself |inforration 4 4 _ 2 | Individual long tun 4 Speak individually for one | Your ability to organise your | page 57 minute without interruption | thoughts and ideas and express ‘aout two eoleur photographs | yourself coherently | 3 | Two-way collaborative 3 Tal together and work towards | Your blity to interact with page 79 tas | making a decision based on a anther speaker give and as for | ‘visual stimulus, opinions, and work towards | completing the task 4 | Three-way discussion 4 | Discuss the topic introduced in. |Your ability to give opinions about page 94 Pans everyday situations and current Remember! 8 EXAM PACTRILE events in full but natural answers * At frst the examiner will ask you a few general questions about yourself. This is to help you relax. * In Part 2, when you are given the pictures, don’t spend too long talking about physical details. Move on to the theme of the pictures. * Don't dominate the conversation. Allow your partner the opportunity to talk. * Inall parts of Paper 5, try to show how good your English is. This means speaking correctly and fluently with good pronunciation, using a range of vocabulary and communicating successfully * Above all, keep talking and stay calm.Work in pairs or small groups. Choose two of these photographs and discuss what they have in common and how they are different Discuss these questions. Which of the images of men and women do you find the most normal? the ‘most shocking? the funniest? the most unrealistic? How are the les of men and women changing in your country? Do you think these changes ate for the betier? If you had the choice would you speed up this process of change or slow it down? What do you think the situation will be fifty years from now? THE SEXESReading idea of an all-female spac 2 What problems might a single-sex crew ead 1 Read the extract from a newspaper article on the right, Flow do you react to the eship crew? No role for men in Space exploration Wowen will set sail for the stars im as litle as fity years, Nasa scientists have predicted. Men will not be needed: the all female crew will have children by artificial means, face on a forty-three-year space journey? ‘The spaceships will carry the first interstellar travellers to 3 Why mighta mixed-sex space crew be a Alpha Centauri at a tenth the better idea? Read the article below to check your ideas to seeing in flms—spacetravel faraway solar systems will probably be a family affair conducted by marsiec couples and their kids,’ says + US anthropologist, John Moore. “The family has the kind of natural organisation to deal with the tensionslikely to characterise spacetrips of 200 years or longer tosettleremote planets,'says Moore. ‘We 10 are ess lkely to go crazyin space and more likely to accomplish our missions by using crews that ere organised along family lines! ic always by people looking fora better ie. All 1s ofthe colonisations that Iknowabaut havebeen done by families, especialy young couples. Inthe past, astronauts had to be specially trained + and physically very fitto survive in very small space ‘capsules, but spacecraft sizeis no longer a constraint, !20 making it possible to take ordinary people such as ‘midwives, electricians and cleaners For a space crew that Is going to colonise space and reproduce for ‘many generations, these kinds of people will be just asimportant as space technologists. 2¢ Starting with a population of childless married couples also works hest cn board spaceship because twill give the intial crew a few years to adjust (0 thelr new surroundings without the distraction and responsibility of caring for children, 26 Peoplemay be horrified at the dea that children will beliving and dyingin space, with their only images of Earth coming from pictures and videos But, says Jonn Moore, parents have always made choices affecting their chidren'sives. ‘We change jobs, we move to another town, we emigrate toa foreign country. lfwe educate our THE SEXES, “Gosh. Tm sure glad Tim on ‘this spaceship and pot back "Whenever colonization sdoneonEarthit_on ditty fd sons ane cauanters ote frst generation Earth.” speed of light. The journey will take forty-three years. space kids properly, | think one day they might say, “Gosh, |'m sure gladI'm on this spaceship and not ack on dirty old Earth.” According to Moore, a starting population of 150 to 180 would best sustain itself atthe same rate over six to eight generations. Every person wouldhave the opportunity to be married — with a chcice of at least ten possible spouses within three Uears of ther age ~ andto be a parent. Ideally, the group should share social and cultural values. ‘Having some people accustomed to monogamy and others to plural marriages would create some Confusion when it becomes time forthe ‘to marry,'says Moore. Designing morals for people on such a fantastic vouage is problematic because people on Earth would have little influence once the crews on itsown Ifthe space crew decides on a system of slavery for some and privilege for others, there is litte the planners on Earth will be able t do to prevent i. Thinking about these issues snot as far-fetched as {youmight think. Experts predict that such a space mission willtakeplace within the next hundred years.Multiple choice Group nouns 4 Read the attcle again. For questions 1-5, choose the answer (A, B,C or D) Over to you which fils best according fo the text. 1 What makes families especially suited to long-distance space travel? A They are good at organising. 8 ‘They are naturally better than other groups of people. C They will be able to cope with the stress of space travel. D They can settle down better in new situations 2. Why will more ordinary people probably go on space flights in the future? A. Space travellers will no longer need to be specially trained. B There will be a greater need for people with useful abilities. © Space travellers will not need to be especially fit. D Modem spacecrait will be much bigger than spacecraft in the past. 3. Why is it better for the first crews of space flights to be childless couples? A Childless couples are more responsible than couples with children. B Childless couples work harder than couples with children, C Crews need to get used to their environment before having children. D Couples with children would always put their children first. 4 Why is it difficult to design morals for space travellers? A. People on earth will be unable to affect the behaviour of space travellers. B_ No one knows what is the correct way for space travellers to behave. C Space travellers may have different ideas and values. D ‘Travellers may be confused by their experience in space. 5 The atticle suggests that long-distance space travel is a theoretical possibility will probably start with could be a disaster. will be a fantastic adventure. the neat century. ooe> Would you lke to be a space traveller setting out to colonise another planet? Why? Why not? ‘What kinds of people would be most suitable for this role? Make a list of specific personal qualities they would need. Group nouns are singular nouns which can be followed by singular or plural verbs, Complete sentences a-f with the correct word. audience class. crowd = jury staff team a In my first year at school, there were thirty children in my b The found the man guilty of theft, and he was sent to prison for two years © Twas always good at sport. used to play for the university football The company is having a hard time. About half the are going to lose their jobs. € Itwvas.a brilliant concert, but only a small was there to hear it f After the match, the police found it difficult to control the ES they were so excited ‘What other group nouns do you know? THESEXES UNT 1 11Grammar and practice The future | There are many different ways of talking about the future in English. Match these future sentences a-g with the appropriate meaning 1-7 below. a. The space rocket blasts off in precisely forty-eight hours, ‘The crew is meeting to discuss final preparations on Friday ever My sister is going to have a baby, Its due in three weeks ‘The astronauts are going to send regular reports back to Earth, ‘The joumey to Alpha Centauri will take forty-three years. Thats the phone. I'll get it. Space travel to faraway solar systems will probably be a family affair. an action or event that has heen arranged a prediction or expectation an offer of help or an instant decision about the immediate future a scheduled or timetabled event 4 prediction based on evidence or knowledge a future fact an intention or plan to do something Mawsunc a he ae GRANNAR REFERENCE PAGE 2 Read this letter. Fill spaces 1-12 with the appropriate form ofthe verbs in brackets. On Friday we Greek up) Fer the beidays. My riers ase T have got a great unskerct planved. On Friday eenng we 2 have) « party to coleirate the enc of the college wear, Then we. (stert) cur mun acverture - on Saturday morning we + (et up) early ~ thats the plan angus ~ to dewve to Dever te catch the ferry te France. The beat S____ (leave) at 4.30 When we get thore, T expect we $____ (stop) at a ca¥é Fer something to eat, arch than wa dew) straight to Paris. We're rot sure hens lg (take). There's a reck concert there that evening wivch we 9 (prota We ©__ (catch) the Tuesday morong ferry back to Dover. 1" eawd) you a pestoardl fT hase time Hope you have 2 geo swaser. 1 yeu do) arytinng exeitog? PS By the my th eo allogele trip. We all wat 2 break From eur keyfrenclal! 3. How would you respond in the follawing situations? Use appropriate future forms in your answers. Write your answers or make conversations in pairs. a You think that your boyftiend / girlfriend may be secretly going out with someone else. Tell a friend what you plan to do about it b Acollege friend invites you to go on holiday with them. Apologise and tell them that you have already arranged to visit relatives. One of your friends is having a party this evening, They haven't got time to do everything themselves. Think about all the things that need doing, then offer to help. 12 UNIT] THESEXES4. Someone asks your age on your next birthday. Give your answer. Predict how your personal life will be different in five years’ time. £ Ithas been raining all day. Suddenly the temperature drops to zero. Make a prediction. uture continuous and future perfect 4. The will future can also be used in the continuous or the perfect form. Match examples a-c with their meanings 1-3, a People may be horrified at the idea that children will be living and dying, in space. b By the year 2100, people will have visited other planets. © This time next year, we'll be living and working in the USA. 1 to refer to actions or events which will be in progress at a specific time in the future. 2. to predict future trends, developments or tendencies. 3. to refer to actions or events which will be completed by a particular time in the future. Look into your own future, Complete these sentences with your own ideas and then compare ideas with a partner. a ‘This time next week I'll be © This time next year I'l be b By this time next year I'l have... d In five years’ time I'll have oze © Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space 1-15. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning. ACE TO SAVE WORLD'S ONLY WOMEN’S LANGUAGE Experts hevecalled°__£2r_ efforts to save a language used only women ofan ethnic group in central China's Hunan Province. The language, used among women ofthe Ya ethic group in Hunan Province, belleved to bethe wore’s only women's language Some experts believe» the language i related ro inscrtons* arimal bones from more 55 000 years ago, but no conctsions have é reached on when the language originated ‘The Central-south China Institute for Nationalities in Hubei Province began. 7 std the language in 1983,5S0°___, bout 2,000 characters have been identified However asthe small number of women? use te language dt of, i draws closer» exuncton. Yang Huang, 93, and He Yar, inher sities, among the few women who readand wre the language is bellevec thatthe language was handed "from rathers to daughters For unknown reasons, men seem tohave been interested in learning THESEXES UNIT? 13Personality 2 Which of these adjectives do you associate with boys and which with girls? adventurous competitive confident generous independent lazy materialistic optimistic possessive self-centred sensitive sincere sociable stubborn y-operative emotional 3 Whatare the nouns related to these adjectives? EXAMPLE confident ~ confidence 4 Write a description of a young boy or gil, Itcould be your younger brother or sister, or it could be you when you were younger. Use some of the personality adjectives and nouns above. Vocabulary Lead in 1. Read these statements about boys and girls. Do you think any of them are true? 5 ‘Boys grow their fingeratis long because they're too lazy to cut them. Gis go ok gees long 0 tgean dg em to «cys Most baby girls tatk before boys do. Before boys talk, they learn how to make machine-gun noises. Girls tum into women. Bous turn into bigger boys. Confusing verbs: lay/lie 5 Match the verbs in italic in sentences a-c with the correct definitions 1-8 below. a He didn’t look at me while he was speaking, I'm sure he was lying. b Assoon as he laid his head on the pillow, he fell asleep. © For the fist three days of the holiday, she just lay on the beach reading and sunbathing. 1 putor place something in position 2 be ina flat resting position 3 the opposite of telling the truth ; 6 Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verbs in 5. a Td had a hard day. All I wanted was to down and go to sleep. She knew he was upset, so she just her hand on his shoulder and said nothing. © When police officers broke down the door, they found three people on the floor. 4 Teouldnt get to sleep last night. 1 just the ceiling Tknow you ‘When we were kids, my sister and T took turns to wash up. on my back and stared at to me last night! Now I want to know the trutht the table and 7 Work with a partner. Compare your answers to these questions, a What is your favourite sleeping position? b_ Have you ever lied to protect someone's feelings? 14 UNIT 1 THE SEXESExam techniques » LISTENING PART 3 Read the instructions and the six options carefully Don't forget ~ one optian is not needed. The first time you hear the recording, listen for general understanding. Note key words and make @ first choice of answers. The second time you hear the recording, listen for words associated with the options. Make your final choice of answer, using any notes you have. ‘made. Don't leave any spaces. 1 You are going to hear five people talking about bringing up children. For questions 1-6, ‘choose which opinions A-F each speaker exoresses, Use the leiters only once There is one extra letter which you do not naed to use. Use the Des and Don'ts above to help you. A. Bringing up children is cfficut and need: 8 Men sre incepable of looking ater chilran euecesafull, Fathers who look alter children were considered unusual. ‘Mothers and chisren have a specia! emotional relationship. Women cant take on the role of fathers. ‘wo people. Speater 1 7 speoter2 — [_ [2] Speaker 3 3 Speaker 4 4 speakers [|S Men get lass practice than women at looking atar children Phrasal verbs with bring 2 Replace the words or phrases in italic in sentences a-g with the correct formn of bring and one of the particles from this ist, back about p10) in down a Raising children is far too hard a job for one person to do. b Ittook doctors an hour to make her conscious again after the accident © Most of the damage to the houses was caused by the recent storms, 4 Thope she doesn't mention the embarrassing subject of money again. € The government has introduced a new law banning smoking on public transport. {Visiting Spain again made me remember lots of happy childhood ‘memories They'll have to reduce the price of cats. Nobody's buying them at the moment THESEXES UNIT 15Vocabulary Formal and informal janguage 1. Which types of letters would you write in a formal style and which in an informal style? Make a list of each type. Then, compare your list with a partner. Read the two short letters below and answer these questions for each, a What kind of etter is each one? b What is the purpose of each letter? c What is the relationship between the writer and the reader in each case? How are the tvo letters different? Think about the information they contain and the language the writers use. ¢ Why is the second letter so much longer than the first? HY Rachel, Sorry about last nght: Tha thong 1s T wes held up at werk and ddn't gat i till elf soe. I got changed and bad a bite to eat, then I trad to get you on yur mobile, tut it was switched off, s0 T texted wou just te let ox kre T was gong te be late. I krew you did't get "ees by the tee 1 got te the club you'd evieusly aed gee ie Sl Hs nr oe weal Ten Decw Ms Show, Tew. witins te eydlesisn tor ya stacday avaning Untectinetaly Tuas dalayad citsinck and T did nef currwe howe unt! 6:20. T chomged, head c. snack and ctfenfted fo contact you on your Mobile. phone, but IMuas svitcbed off 2 Paratere Sart yon test as serge te inter you that Dues spins to be late tor our mantis FT canlita thet you did net tacnive wy na eee, because by The Toe Toviad af the restaurant you bod decided 1405 mat Coming and retuned bone T do epolesise. Now's sincerely, Tames Wood 16 UNIT) THESEXES 3. Which words or plirases are used in the second letter instead of these informal words and plurases in the first letter? a a bite to eat € tolet you know b tried £ "cos © 0 g gone home d Texted you h Sorry! Phrasal verbs are more common in speech and informal writing than in formal writing * Read lines 1-2 of the fist letter and underline the two phrasal verbs + Read lines 1-3 of the second letter and underline the phrases used instead of the phrasal verbs Replace the verbs in italic in these sentences with the earrect form of a phrasal verb from this list: backdown — bring up bump inte a My boyfiiend refuses to admit he’s wrong even when he knows I'm right b Even after Tom and his wife separated, they still continued working together. ¢ wish people wouldn't smoke in the office. 1 just can’t tolerate it I wish you wouldn't criticise me in public, its really embarrassing. © Quite by chance I met someone I was at school with yesterday. f Have you heard about Tim and Jan? They've cancelled their wedding! g My grandparents raised five children om a very low income: h Tve been trying to calculate how long we've known each other. © Get has many meanings in informal English. Underline the examples of get in the first letter. Find the more formal equivalents in the second letter.am techniques * USE OF ENGLISH PART 4 = [){) © Rese text caret sentence by sentence, Tink stout the grammar and the meaning. |)» Read the txt agin tne by ine. Look for umecesary words and underline ther Remember ther is never more than one extra word > a (gy tg. tains Bek any core ies, U1) 0 Read te text to check it makes sense || For questions 1-18, read the text below and look carefully at each ine, Some of the lines are correct, and some have @ word which should not be thera. Ifa ineis correct, put a tid in the space. If lina has a word which should not be there, write the word in the space, There aro two examples at the beginning, Use the Dos and Don'ts above to help ‘you. Look particularly fer those kinds of oxtra words: Ver He hos arrived last week Fopostions He's done more ef than me. /Are you going te home? Art He climbed the Mount Fuji nou The restouront you're looking for it has closed down. Athome with Mamma (Gianluca Vinti has been a teaching job at an Italian university, 00 a car, fashionable clothes and a mobile phone. Butin reality, 1 Vinti isa Mamama’s Boy, who is sill livingat the home at 33 and 2 unashamed of it. ‘Its true that life at home is easier than, he 3 says. ‘I have fewer expenses and my mother still brings me 4 coffee in bed each moming. But I choese to stay because of 5 6 my relationship with my family itis excellent. Until I see a valid reason for leaving, I'll stay.’ Vinti’s not being alone: according to 7 recent figures, the number of boys between the ages of 18 and 8 34 who living with their parents has reached 58.5 per cent, up 9 from 51.8 per cent seven years ago. The main reason the boys 10. are at home long time after they've become men is financial, LL. but the motherson relationship remainsas strong as ever. In 2 Italy, leaving from your parents’ home at an early age before 13. you getting married can lead other people to suspect that 4 these something is wrong in the family. The normal time to move 15. outof your parents’ house is when you start to your own family, ‘At what age do young people leave home in your country? Ist the same for boys and girls? THESEXES UNIT? 17Listening Lead in Multiple choice 18 UNITY THE SEXES, Over {0 you 1 ©) Work in pairs. Time yourselves to see how long it takes to work out these problems. a The day before yesterday I was eighteen, but next year Vl be tventy-one. What is the date of the speaker’s birthday? What date was this statement made? b Two friends on the beach are sharing a personal stereo. They work out that they will each be able to listen for forty-eight minutes in the time they have. ‘Then, four more friends arrive. Now the six friends agree to share the stereo for an equal Tength of time. How long will each person be able to listen for? 2 Doyou think men or women are better at solving mathematical puzzles? 36) Listen to the recording about a TV programme called Just for Fun in which contestants try to solve mathematical problems. Are your ideas supported by any of the speakers? b Doyou find the ideas convincing or not? Give your reasons, 4 (7 Listen to the second part of the recording again. Answer these questions by ‘writing M for Men, and W for Women. On Just for Pun, which group star's with more confidence? Which group gets more problems right on the programme? ch group tries to answer the questions more quickly in the fist place? Which group panies when they'e being watched? Which group doesn't like taking risks? Which group takes longer to answer the questions? Which group seems to be naturally better at maths? oe Are there any skills or abilities that men or women are particularly good at? Consider music, sports, science, politics, languages, cookery, economies, child-rearing, teaching, painting. Do you think it is true, as someone says in the recording, that ‘women don't like to take such big risks as men’?