Watercolor

Painting
Learner's Module in SPA Visual Arts 8
Quarter 1 ● Module 7

JOCEL D. NANIONG
Developer
Department of Education • Cordillera Administrative Region

NAME: ____________________________ GRADE AND SECTION _________________

TEACHER: ________________________ SCORE: ______________________________

 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Cordillera Administrative Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BAGUIO CITY
Military Cut-Off, Baguio City

Published by:
Learning Resource Management and Development System

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
2020

Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides:

“No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
However, prior approval of the government agency of office wherein the work is
created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”

This material has been developed for the implementation of K-12 Curriculum
through the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)—Learning Resource
Management and Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for
educational purposes and the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work
including creating an edited version, an enhancement or a supplementary work are
permitted provided all original work is acknowledged and the copyright is attributed.
No work may be derived from this material for commercial purposes and profit.

ii
 PREFACE
This module is a project of the Curriculum Implementation Division particularly
the Learning Resource Management and Development Unit, Department of
Education, Schools Division of CAR which is in response to the implementation of the
K to 12 Curriculum.

This Learning Material is a property of the Department of Education- CID,

Schools Division of CAR. It aims to improve students’ performance specifically in the
Special Program in the Arts, Visual Arts (SPA Visual Arts).

Date of Development : SEPTEMBER 2020

Resource Location : DEPED SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BAGUIO CITY
Learning Area : SPA (Visual Arts)
Grade Level : Eight (8)
Learning Resource Type : MODULE
Language : ENGLISH
Quarter : FIRST
Week: Q1/W6/W7/W8
Learning Competency Codes:

SPA_VAPT8-Ib-2 - Determines the tools and materials needed in colored

drawings

SPA_VAPT8-Ib-2 - Explore on different painting techniques creating

compositions that expresses different ideas

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The developer wishes to express her gratitude to those who help in the development
of this learning material. The fulfillment of this learning material would not be possible without
these people who gave their support, helping hand and cooperation:

The developer extends her fullest gratitude and appreciation to Francis B. Lumiwes for
their constant support and insightful comments and suggestions in the development of the
learning material.

To her colleague Jennifer C. Pinlac and Lanie B. Dalingay for their excellent ideas and
support in the finalization of this module

And to all in one way or the other help me to finish this learning material. Thank you
and May God be with you all.

Development Team
Developer: Jocel D. Naniong
Illustrator/ Cover art Artist: Jocel D. Naniong
Layout Artist: Jocel D. Naniong

School Learning Resources Management Committee

Brenda M. Carińo School Head / Principal
Francis B. Lumiwes Subject / Learning Area Specialist
Sherwin Fernando School LR Coordinator

Quality Assurance Team

Lolita A. Manzano, Ed.D. EPS – MAPEH
Niňo M. Tibangay PSDS – BCNHS District

Learning Resource Management Section Staff

Loida C. Mangangey EPS – LRMDS
Victor A. Fernandez Education Program Specialist II - LRMDS
Christopher David G. Oliva Project Development Officer II – LRMDS
Priscilla A. Dis-iw Librarian II
Lily B. Mabalot Librarian I

CONSULTANTS

JULIET C. SANNAD, EdD

Chief Education Supervisor – CID

CHRISTOPHER C. BENIGNO
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent

MARIE CAROLYN B. VERANO, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
COPYRIGHT NOTICE…………………………………………..……...…..….... ii
PREFACE.………………………………………………………………...…….… iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT……………………………………………….…….…..... iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS...…………………………………………….……..….. v
Watercolor painting …….……………………………………………………….. 1
What I Need to Know…………………………………………………………….. 2
What I Know ………………………………………………………….…………... 3
What’s In ………………………………………………………….………………. 4
What’s New ………………………………………………………….…………… 5
What is It ………………………………………………………….……………… 6
Characteristic of watercolor as a medium……...………………………. 6
Materials and equipment in watercolor painting.………………………. 8
Watercolor painting techniques…..……………………………………… 11
What’s More ………………………………………………………….…………... 15
Crossword puzzle ……...…………………...……………………………. 15
What I Have Learned ……………………………………………………………. 16
What I Can Do ……………………………………………………….…….…….. 17
Additional Activity ………………………………………………………………... 18
Post-assessment ……………...…………………………………………………. 19
ANSWER KEY……………………………………………………………………. 20
REFERENCES…………………………………………………...…….…….…... 21

v
 Watercolor
Painting
Learner's Module in SPA Visual Arts 8
Quarter 1 ● Module 7

JOCEL D. NANIONG
Developer

Department of Education • Cordillera Administrative Region

 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

This learning material is an overview of the medium watercolor and the painting
techniques observed in visual arts. Through the learning tasks presented, you will
understand the characteristics of the medium watercolor, identify the materials and
functions used in painting with watercolor, and you will be able to apply the different
techniques of using the medium.
Read and understand the lessons carefully. Instructions are given in each
activity. You just need to follow the directions and you will be guided as you move from
one page to another. After the discussion a corresponding activities are required to be
completed in relation to the specific topic to further enhance your skills and mastery.
The lessons will also prepare you for a post assessment at the end of the module.

This module will discuss the following lessons:

• Watercolor as a medium of art
• Basic materials to be used in painting with watercolor
• Painting techniques in watercolor painting

Learning Objectives

• Identify the specific characteristics of the medium “watercolor”.

• Recognize the materials and techniques used in watercolor painting.

• Gain deeper appreciation on the specific art medium “watercolor”.

• Apply the basic techniques of watercolor painting.

How to learn from this module?

1. Read and understand each lesson well.
2. Follow directions accurately.
3. Perform all the activities in each lesson.
4. Answer the self-check exercises honestly.
5. Answer the pretest before proceeding to Lesson 1. Then, answer the posttest
later on after reading all the lessons in this module.

2
 WHAT I KNOW
Instructions: Read the questions carefully and write the correct
answer on the space provided before each number.

_____ 1. It is defined as the property of objects that depends on the light that they
reflect.
a. color c. value
b. Hue d. line

_____ 2. A type of paint which is translucent.

a. Acrylic paint c. Oil paint
b. Watercolor paint d. Enamel paint

_____ 3. If you make a mistake with watercolor, it can sometimes be removed by

adding clean water to the area and blotting it with ________to pull up the color.
a. Eraser c. Sand paper
b. Paper towel d. Blending stump

_____ 4. Generally defined as the application of pigment on a flat surface, it has

been used throughout history to decorate pottery, enhance sculpture, and
embellish architecture.
a. cartoon c. sketch
b. painting d. study

_____ 5. It is the beginning of all design. Out of nothing, springs the first paint.
a. dot c. shape
b. line d. subject

_____ 6. Watercolor paper comes in various weights, sizes, and texture if it is

smooth it is__________.
a. Hot press c. Medium
b. Cold press d. Rough

_____ 7. Which is not a sample of watercolor technique?

a. Lifting off c. Dropping in color
b. Wash d. Hot pressing

_____ 8. What are the primary colors?

a. blue, yellow, and green c. red, yellow, and blue
b. green, blue, and red d. yellow, green , and blue

3
_____ 9. It’s a technique when the painter applies wet brush on the wet surface of
watercolor paper.
a. Dry brush c. Dropping in color
b. Wet on wet d. Wash

_____10. A color harmony where there is basic hue with its shades having different
value is a characteristic of__________.
a. analogous c. monochromatic
b. complementary d. triad

_____11. Which of the following is the most expressive element of arts?

a. color c. shape
b. line d. texture

_____12. A type of wash that combines two colors together with a smooth transition.
a. Flat wash c. Graded wash
b. Variegated wash d. Wash

_____13. This technique is simply the process of introducing a color to a wet region
of the painting and allowing it to blend bleed and feather without interruption.
a. Lifting off c. Dropping in color
b. Wash d. Dry brush

_____14. Blue and red would result to what color?

a. blue-red c. orange
b. black d. violet

_____15. Energy and joy of life is primary symbolized by ______.

a. color c. shapes
b. curves d. value

WHAT’S IN
How often do you create a masterpiece? When creating your art works, do
you consider venturing out to new mediums of art? Are you familiar with the different
materials and techniques in painting with watercolor? If not, this module will help you
to understand and apply the techniques in painting with watercolor to further improve
your skills.
The module is focused on the basic knowledge that an artist should know in
handling the watercolor medium in visual arts. Such as the specific characteristic of
watercolor, materials to be used in painting, the process and techniques in applying
watercolor will be discussed.
So enjoy reading and creating your masterpiece!

4
 WHAT’S NEW
Instructions: Observe the picture below/read the statement and
identify the technique used in watercolor painting by choosing the
correct answer provided in the box.
VARIEGATED WASH GRADED WASH FLAT WASH

1.________________ 2.________________ 3._________________

COLD PRESS ROUGH HOT PRESS

4.___________________ 5.____________________ 6.___________________

WAX RESIST STAMPING SPLATTERING SCRATCHING

7. _______________ is the flicking of paint onto the paper

8. _______________ is the dabbing of sponge onto the painted paper.
9. _______________ is when a wax is applied to areas of the paper which will repel
the pigmment of the watercolor.
10. ______________ is the scraping of wet paper to create texture.

5
 WHAT IS IT

Watercolor
Watercolor paint is a translucent medium suitable for many purposes: in the
classroom, for illustration, botanical painting, as studies, and as final works of art.
Watercolor paint is made from a color pigment dispersed in a suspension that binds
the pigment and allows it to adhere to a surface when dry. In commercial watercolor
paints, the binder is either natural gum arabic or synthetic glycol.

Characteristics of watercolor;
➢ Water based – dilutes and binds with water
➢ Transparency – Watercolor paint is different from other paints like acrylic and
oil paint because it is translucent in nature, meaning you can see-through the
base layer of the paint.
- Watercolor can be painted in layers. Once one layer is dry, it can be
painted over and both layers will be visible.
- Light is provided by the whiteness of the paper
- Light can be diminished with subsequently layers of paint
- Layers of paint can make new colors or accidental colors

➢ Opacity – Paints that are less transparent are described as opaque. They
contain body color (usually a chalky substance) to achieve the hue required,
and this gives them a milkier consistency. Opaque paints are rich colors but
does not mix well as transparent paint, if you use it strongly it will cut out the
light from the paper, if you use a layer of opaque paint over and over it will
hide the one underneath.

6
 ➢ Granulation and Staining – Some watercolor paints are composed of
pigment held in a suspension. The paint might tend to granulate when applied
to the paper.
- Watercolor granulation results from the type of pigments used in the
paint formula. Some pigments tend to cluster together creating uneven
mottled washes. Granulating watercolors produce delicate textures
because of the characteristics of their pigment particles.

- When watercolor is described as staining, it means once the paint is dry

on paper, it's difficult or almost impossible to lift or remove. Heavily
staining watercolor will leave a permanent mark on the paper. Lightly
staining colors can still be lifted off but will leave a hint of color.

Heavy stain– more intense color and harder to Light stain– Light and transparent paint, easier to
remove/lift when applied to paper. lift/remove when applied to paper.

If you make a mistake with watercolor, it can sometimes be removed by adding clean
water to the area and blotting it with a paper towel to pull up the color.

Materials you may use to remove excess/unwanted

paint. (sponge, cotton, tissue paper, cloth)

7
Watercolor Materials and Equipment
Watercolor paper
Watercolor paper comes in various weights and sizes.
➢ Rough – Heavy texture
➢ Cold Press – Cold press watercolor paper has texture. Little bumps and
groves hold in the water and pigment. It really sucks up the water quickly.
Cold press is a good choice when you want to convey texture in your subject.
➢ Hot Press – Super smooth, no texture with this paper. This paper does not
suck up the water as fast as the cold press, allowing you to play around more,
like re-wetting edges of pigment.

Watercolor can be painted on wet paper or on dry paper.

8
Watercolor paper must be wet and stretched, then taped to a board to prevent it from
wrinkling and curling up while painting.

Avoid
taping the
ends
without
properly
stretching
the paper
to prevent
bumpy
surface.

1. Dampen your watercolor paper by soaking it for a short period of time in a clear water or by using a
wet sponge or cloth, when damping with sponge do not put to much pressure on the paper to
prevent micro tearing on the surface of the paper.
2. Stretch the dampened watercolor paper thoroughly on a flat surface while stretching the ends to
prevent the paper from wrinkling then secure it by taping its ends on the painting board/table.

Paint
There are several types of watercolor paint available commercially: paint in a metal
tube that has the consistency of toothpaste; paint that comes as a dry cake in small
plastic pans that requires more water to make it a good consistency for painting; and
watercolor that comes in a liquid form. Pan and tube watercolors are made with
pigment, liquid watercolors are made with pigments and dyes.

9
Paint Brush
A paintbrush is a brush used to apply paint or sometimes ink. A paintbrush is usually
made by clamping the bristles to a handle with a ferrule. They are available in
various sizes, shapes, and materials. Thicker ones are used for filling in, and thinner
ones are used for details. They may be subdivided into decorators' brushes used for
painting and decorating and artists' brushes use for visual art.

Mixing palette
Is a rigid, flat surface on which a painter arranges and mixes paints. A palette is
usually made of wood, plastic, ceramic, or other hard, inert, nonporous material, and
can vary greatly in size and shape.

Drawing board and Easel

A drawing board is a flat surface that artist use to provide support and base while
drafting a work of art.
An easel is an upright support used for displaying and/or fixing something resting
upon it, at an angle of about 20° to the vertical. Easels are traditionally used by
painters to support a painting while they work on it, normally standing up, and are
also sometimes used to display finished paintings.

10
Watercolor Painting Techniques
➢ Wash - painting an even solid color.
- A thin layer of paint that is laid over the entire paper surface, or a portion of it.
- Can be applied with a brush or a sponge.
- Must be applied quickly
- Paint is premixed and ready to use before you start the wash.
- One color is used.

➢ Graded Wash – painting from dark to light (gradation with color)

- Applied the same as a wash, with more water added to your paint for each
line of wash that is laid down.

➢ Variegated Wash - painting a wash beginning with one color and ending with
another analogous color
- Uses more than one color. Colors bleed into one another.
- Paint is applied to WET paper which makes the colors bleed together.

11
➢ Wet on wet – Wet in wet is simply the process of applying pigment to wet
paper. Paint your paper with water, then add drops or lines of color with the
paint brush.
➢ Dropping in Color – This technique is simply the process of introducing a
color to a wet region of the painting and allowing it to blend bleed and
feather without interruption.

➢ Dry brush - paint using a dry brush and little or no water.

➢ Lifting Off – Most watercolor pigment can be dissolved and lifted off after it
has dried.

12
Glazing - You must let each wash dry completely before applying the next
transparent layer of pigment.

Salt - paint a wash, then sprinkle salt over the wet paint to create texture.

Wax Resist - Wax is applied to areas you want the watercolor pigment to repel the
surface.
Resist with crayon and tape - paint over resist material.

13
Masking – Cover areas to preserve the white of the paper. You can use tape or
masking fluid.

Plastic Wrap – Plastic wrap is applied to wet paint and then removed after drying to
create a textured look.

Tissue Paper – Tissue paper is applied to wet paint and then removed to create a
textured look.

14
Splatter – The flicking of paint onto the paper, use a toothbrush to splatter color.
Stamping – Dabbing the paint onto the paper with a sponge.

Alcohol-Drops of alcohol added to wet paint dries quicker than the surrounding paint
to create a unique texture.
Scratching –Scratch into wet paper to create texture

WHAT’S MORE
Instructions: Crossword puzzle: Fill in the crossword puzzle below by
reading the description/clues on the different painting technique used in
watercolor that was discussed in this module.
Across

2. The flicking of paint onto the paper, use a toothbrush to splatter color.
3. Drops of alcohol added to wet paint dries quicker than the surrounding paint to
create a unique texture.
6. Wax is applied to areas you want the watercolor pigment to repel the surface.
7. Painting a wash beginning with one color and ending with another analogous
color.
9. A painting technique that uses a dry brush and little or no water.
10. Covering specific area of the paper using tape or masking fluid to preserve the
white of the paper.

15
 Down

1. The process of applying pigment with a wet brush to a wet paper.

4. Dabbing the paint onto the paper with a sponge.
5. It is similar to a wash painting but the paint gradually fades from dark to light color
by adding water.
8. A painting technique that requires applying the watercolor paint in a solid color
with the same value and intensity.

CROSSWORD PUZZLE : WATERCOLOR PAINTING

1

5 6

7 8

10

EclipseCrossword.com

WHAT I LEARNED
Instructions: Summarize the ideas/concepts that you have
successfully learned in our topic in watercolor painting.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ .

16
 WHAT CAN I DO
Instructions: Using your watercolor materials (paint, brush, and
watercolor paper) apply the 15 basic techniques that was discussed in
this module, below are the identified techniques that you will apply. Use
a 4 ½ by 6 inches size of watercolor paper with a margin of 1cm on the
top and sides and 2cm on the bottom part.

1. Wash 6. Lifting 11. Stamping

2. Graded wash 7. Glazing 12. Wax resist
3. Variegated wash 8. Alcohol 13. Plastic wrap
4. Wet in wet 9. Salt 14. Scratching
5. Dry brush 10. Splattering 15. Tissue paper
Sample:

Insert this at the bottom

VARIEGATED WASH
NAME:__________________ DATE:______
SECTION: G8 ARTISTRY

CRITERIA:
% Criteria Description Rate Teachers
yourself rating
20 Technique Work exhibits mastery of the materials,
techniques, creativity, knowledge, and skill.
10 Craftsmanship and Artwork is completed with substantial
explanation evidence of effort, finishing touches
10 Creativity and Artwork includes many unique ideas with
originality creative execution of the techniques and skill.
5 Punctuality and Accomplished the requirement on time and
following of followed the instructions.
instructions
5 Cleanliness Displays clean and neat artwork.
TOTAL

17
 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
Instructions: You are required to apply the basic painting techniques
that you have learned in creating your landscape art (nature, scenic
view) using watercolor as your medium. Make use of a landscape
orientation with a margin of 1cm on all the sides of the paper.

Materials:
- Watercolor paper (9x12 inches, 200gsm+, cold press, stretched)
- Watercolor paint and brush
- Drawing tool (make use of light sketches as your guide in painting)

ARTIST DESCRIPTION: Attach on the back portion of your paper:

Name: ___________________________ Gender: ______________
Section: __________________________ Date: _________________
Title of the artwork: __________________________________________________
Description of the artwork: _____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

CRITERIA for scoring: 100 points (Attached to the back portion of the paper)
% Criteria Description Rate Teachers
yourself rating
25 Composition and Artwork exhibits masterful execution of the
design elements and principles of arts and design.
20 Technique Work exhibits mastery of the materials,
techniques, creativity, knowledge, and skill.
15 Craftsmanship and Artwork is completed with substantial
explanation evidence of effort, finishing touches, and good
explanation and craftsmanship.
20 Creativity and Artwork includes many unique ideas with
originality creative execution of the techniques and skill.
10 Visual impact Artwork displays visual interest to the viewer.
5 Punctuality and Accomplished the requirement on time and
following of followed the instructions.
instructions
5 Cleanliness Displays clean and neat artwork.
TOTAL

18
 POST ASSESSMENT
Instructions: Read the questions carefully and write the correct
answer on the space provided before each number.

_____ 1. It is defined as the property of objects that depends on the light that they
reflect.
a. color c. value
b. Hue d. line

_____ 2. A type of paint which is translucent.

a. Acrylic paint c. Oil paint
b. Watercolor paint d. Enamel paint

_____ 3. If you make a mistake with watercolor, it can sometimes be removed by

adding clean water to the area and blotting it with ________to pull up the color.
a. Eraser c. Sand paper
b. Paper towel d. Blending stump

_____ 4. Generally defined as the application of pigment on a flat surface, it has

been used throughout history to decorate pottery, enhance sculpture, and
embellish architecture.
a. cartoon c. sketch
b. painting d. study
_____ 5. It is the beginning of all design. Out of nothing, springs the first paint.
a. dot c. shape
b. line d. subject

_____ 6. Watercolor paper comes in various weights, sizes, and texture if it is

smooth it is__________.
a. Hot press c. Medium
b. Cold press d. Rough

_____ 7. Which is not a sample of watercolor technique?

a. Lifting off c. Dropping in color
b. Wash d. Hot pressing

_____ 8. What are the primary colors?

a. blue, yellow, and green c. red, yellow, and blue
b. green, blue, and red d. yellow, green , and blue

19
_____ 9. It’s a technique when the painter applies wet brush on the wet surface of
watercolor paper.
a. Dry brush c. Dropping in color
b. Wet on wet d. Wash

_____10. A color harmony where there is basic hue with its shades having different
value is a characteristic of__________.
a. analogous c. monochromatic
b. complementary d. triad

_____11. Which of the following is the most expressive element of arts?

a. color c. shape
b. line d. texture

_____12. A type of wash that combines two colors together with a smooth transition.
a. Flat wash c. Graded wash
b. Variegated wash d. Wash

_____13. This technique is simply the process of introducing a color to a wet region
of the painting and allowing it to blend bleed and feather without interruption.
a. Lifting off c. Dropping in color
b. Wash d. Dry brush

_____14. Blue and red would result to what color?

a. blue-red c. orange
b. black d. violet

_____15. Energy and joy of life is primary symbolized by ______.

a. color c. shapes
b. curves d. value

20
 ANSWER KEY
PRE & POST TEST
1. A 6. A 11. A
2. B 7. D 12. B
3. B 8. C 13. C
4. B 9. B 14. D
5. A/B 10. C 15. A

WHAT’S NEW
1. Flat wash 6. Rough
2. Variegated wash 7. Splattering
3. Graded wash 8. Stampling
4. Hot press 9. Wax resist
5. Cold press 10. Scratching

WHAT’S MORE

1
W
2
S P L A T T E R
T
3
A L C O H O L
4
N S
5 6
G W A X R E S I S T
R E A
7 8
V A R I E G A T E D W A S H M
D A P
9
E D R Y B R U S H I
D H N
W G
A
10
M A S K I N G
H
EclipseCrossword.com

21
 REFERENCES
Cover page illustration. https://www. Canva.com. Accessed on September 2020.

Wikipedia The free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintbrush

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palette_(painting) . Accessed on September 22,
2020.

Marder Lisa.2019.Types of Watercolor Paint and how it’s made. Accessed on

September 21,2020. https://www.liveabout.com/types-of-watercolor-paint-
4686969#:~:text=%E2%80%8BThere%20are%20several%20types,comes%2
0in%20a%20liquid%20form.

Paige, Jane Leycester.2005.Watercolour Techniques discover the secrets of great

watercolour painting. Published by Apple Press (London) ISBN:1-84543-081-6.

Lancaster Erika.2018.Watercolor Supplies for Beginners plus things you must know.
Accessed on September 21,2020. https://www.erikalancaster.com/art-
blog/watercolor-supplies-for-beginners-and-things-you-must-know

Roebuck, Anthony. All you ever wanted to know about watercolor granulation.
Accessed on September 21,2020. https://watercoloraffair.com/all-you-ever-
wanted-to-know-about-watercolor-granulation/

Teoh Yi Chie.2019. Staining vs Non Staining Watercolor. Accessed on Sepember 21,

2020. https://www.parkablogs.com/content/staining-vs-non-staining-
watercolour#:~:text=When%20watercolour%20is%20described%20as,impossi
ble%20to%20lift%20or%20remove.&text=The%20reason%20why%20some%
20paint,the%20surface%20it's%20painted%20on.

22
For inquiries or feedback, please write of call:
Department of Education-Cordillera Administrative Region
Schools Division of Baguio City
No.82 Military Cut-off Road, Baguio City
Telefax: 422-7819
Email Address: depedbaguiocity@gmail.com
Social Media:facebook.com/DepEdTayoBaguioCity