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Phase Diagram

Depending upon the

For one component present in system For two
component system component system
[Water system]

Component which react to Components which are

form compounds completely miscible but do
not react (Eutectic mixture)
[Pb-Ag system]

System having System having

congruent melting point Incongruent melting
[Zn – Mg system] point [Na-K System]
  

4 PHASE RULE FOR ONE-COMPONENT SYSTEMS

 

 
    
        
 
 
 

 
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[1] Water System

   
  
 

  

   
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C
Critical point
B
218 atm

Fus
Water

ion
Vapour
Pressure (atm)

curv
Ice pressure
curve

e
1.0 atm E D

O Water
Triple vapour
4.58
mm A¢ point
Metastable
curve A
F. P B. P
0 0.0098 100 374
Sublimation
curve Temperature °C

 

 
 
   

  
 
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X B
961 °C

Y
Melt (Pb-Ag solution)
Temperature °C

A X Solid Ag
327 °C + Melt of Pb + Ag

Y
Solid Pb
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Pb + Ag C
303 °C
E F
Solid Pb
+ Solid Ag + Eutectic
Eutectic

G H
Pb = 100% D 97.4% Pb Ag = 100%
Ag = 0% 2.6% Ag Pb = 0%

 

 
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(B) Systems having Congruent Melting Point

  
  
   

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A
650°C

Melt

D liquid congruent
590°C
melting point Mg + liquid melt
MgZn2
+ liquid
melt
419°C B
Zn + Eutectic points
Temperature

liquid
melt
380°C F G
C
I
H 345°C
E

Zn + MgZn2 Mg + Mg Zn2

Mg = 0% Zn = 79% Mg = 61% Zn = 0%
Zn = 100% MgZn2 = 21% MgZn2 = 39% Mg = 100%

  

    
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B
Na2K(s) 97.8°C
Na(s)
Melt X1
Melt Na solid
Temperature °C

+
X1 Melt
X
E
A D H
63.8 Y I
70°C 1 Incongurant
X m.pt.
Solid Na2K Solid Na
Y
+ liquid melt + solid Na2K
Solid
K + liquid melt
F Eutectic point
G
C — 12°C
Na2K(s) Solid K + Solid Na2K
Melt
K(s) K
J L
K = 100% Na = 100%
Composition
Na = 0% K = 0%

   

 



 

  
  
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QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION

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