1. Consider independent trials consisting of rolling a pair of fair dice, over and over.

What is the
probability that a sum of 5 appears before a sum of 7?

4. A theatre chain has studied its movie customers to determine how much money they spend on
concessions. The study reveals that the spending distribution is approximately normally
distributed with a mean of $4.11 and a standard deviation of $1.37. What percentage of
customers will spend less than $3.00 on concessions? What spending amount corresponds to the
top 87th percentile?

X ∼ N (4.11, 1.37).

P[X < 3] = P[Z < −0.81] = 0.209

X ∼ N (4.11, 1.37).
We need to solve for x such that P[X ≥ x] = 0.87 P[Z > x − 4.11 1.37 ] = 0.87
⇒ P[Z < x − 4.11 1.37 ] = 1 − 0.87 = 0.13
⇒ z = −1.13
⇒ x − 4.11 1.37 = −1.13
⇒ x = 2.5619