A drain pipe should be incorporated so that the forebay tank can be fully emptied for maintenance

work, especially if it is not possible to do so from the penstock pipe. 6. Flushing arrangement should be
provided to flush the sediment deposited in the basin. The flushing arrangement should be such that
when the flushing gate or cone is fully opened, the water level in the basin should decrease even with
the incoming design flow (i.e. rapid draw-down). 7. A spillway should be incorporated and sized to spill
the design flow (or flood flow if the system conveys flood flows to this point) without undermining
structures or causing ground erosion along its route. This is essential since when the turbine is suddenly
shut down and flow through the penstock is stopped, the flow will spill over from the forebay. 8. A fine
trash rack should be provided at the entrance of the penstock. The trash rack should be laid at a vertical-
horizontal slope of 3:1 slope for optimum hydraulic efficiency and ease of operation. The velocity
through the trash rack should be 0.6–1.0 m/s. The forebay should have walls of RCC or 1:4 c/s mortar
masonry and an RCC base slab in order to reduce the problem of partial settlement. The water-retaining
surfaces of the forebay should be plastered to 12 mm thickness using 1:4 c/s mortar with punning. In
case of multipurpose projects that need to accommodate additional flows for secondary uses till the
forebay, this structure should be sized accordingly. However, if possible, additional flows for secondary
uses should be diverted upstream of the forebay or settling basin so that the size of these structures
need not be increased.