MIC5156/5157/5158 Microl, inc Ordering Information MIC5156 Part Number Temperature Standard Pb-Free Voltage Range Package MICE156-3.38N | MIC51563.3YN 3aV_| act +850 | Spin DIP MIGS156-5.08N_] MIC5155°5.0YN sov__| 40Ct 1880 | Spin DIP MICSTSEBN | MIOS56YN ‘Adj__| 40°C 10 +85°C_|_B-pin DIP mics156-3.36M | MIC51563.3YM | 3aV__| 40°C r85°C_| Bp SOIC MIC5156-5.08M_| MIC5156-5.0¥M 5ov__| ~40°Ct0 +85°C | Spin SOIG MICS1SEBM | MICSTS6YM ‘Adj | 40°C 10 ¥85°C | Bp SOIC Ordering Information MIC5157 Part Number ‘Temperature Standard Pb-Free Voltage Range Package MIC5157BN | _MIG5IS7VN, Selectable | 40°C to +850 _|_14-pin OIF mics157—M | MIC5IS7YM Selectable _| 40°C 10 485°C _| 14-pin SOIO Ordering Information MIC5158 Part Number Temperature Standard Pb-Free Voltage Range Package MICST5EBN | _ MIOS158YN S0viAd | AC 10 +850 | 14pin OP micerseBM | MIC515eYM 5.0viAd| | 40°C 0 +85°C | 4-pin SOIC Configuration MIC5156-x.x MIC5156 WT en] [B]s (Source) ent [5] ea FLAGE] [7] (orain) FLacz| [7] 0 (Drain) eno Bi] [a] ¢ (Gate) no B] [5] ¢ (Gate) v. EI ] veo vp EI [5] Yoo MIC5157 MIC5158 svi fra] EN eal] [ia] eN sav] fi] S (Source) sv rep [is (Source) FiacB] [2] 0 (Orain) FiacB] [1] D (Drain) cn [a] [17] G (Gate) ono | [Hi] c Gate) Ver [1 Yoo Ver Vo 2-5] s]cr. c2-£ face ca [a] ct+ 2+ [B]ct+ MIC5156/5187/5158 August 2005,MIC5156/5157/5158 Micrel, Inc. Pin Description MIC5156 Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function’ 7 EN Enable (inpuly TTL high enables regulator TTL Tow shut dawn regulator z FIAG Guiput Flag (Oufpat): Open collector outputs acive (ow) when Vou more than 8% below nominal output, Circuit has 3% hysteresis a GRO Gircut ground 7 Vp N-channel Gate Dive Supply Vollage: User supplied volage Tor diving the gate of the external MOSFET. 5 Voo ‘Supply Vofage (Input: Supply vlage connection. Connect sense resis tor (R) 0 Vop if current limiting used, Connect supply bypass capacitor to ground near device. 3 c Gate (Ouipul). Drives the gate of the extemal MOSFET. 7 D Drain and Current Limit (pul); Connect o extemal MOSFET drain and ox temal sense resistor (current imi), or connect to Vpg and external MOSFET drain (no curent it, BBN. 3 ‘Source (npul: Top of ternal esisve dvdr chain. Connedt airealy To the Sladiisiabiey EA load for best load regulation. “Eiror Arnie (np) Connect to external resistive divider, Pin Description MIC5157, MIC5158 Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function Twister) BW ‘BV Contiguration (npul): Connect to 5 (source) pin for SV output ei able output, 2(MIGaTS7) av '3.3V Configuration (npul): Connect to § (source) pin for 33V output DMCS) BvFe “Bi Feedback (input): Connect fo EA for iced 8V ouput 3 FLAG ‘Output Voltage Flag (Output): Open collector is active (ow) when Veg; Is 8% (oF more below its nominal value a GND Creat ground. = Vor ‘Volage Tpler Oulput [iter Capacitor] Connecta 1 to TOuF capacitor Te ground e C2 Charge Pump Capacitor 2: Second stage of internal vollage tipler. Connect a O-1pF capacitor from C2+ to C2-. 7 Ca Charge Pump Capacitor 2 See C2 pin e CF ‘Charge Pump Capacitor 7. First sage of intemal volage Wiplor Connect a O-AMF capacitor from C+ to C1~. z oe Charge Pump Capacitor 1: See CT+ pin 6. 0 Voo ‘Supply Voltage (Input): Supply vollage connection. Connect sense resis- tor (Rs) to Vp if current limiting used. Connect supply bypass capacitor to ground near device, Tr c Gate (Oulpul): Connect to Extemal MOSFET gate 2 D Drain and Current Limit (Input): Connect to external MOSFET drain and ex- temal sense resistor (current limi), or connect to Vigg and external MOSFET. drain (no current tim. Te (MicsTEr) s ‘Source and 3.3V/BV Configuration: Top of internal resistor chain, Connect to source of external MOSFET for 3.3V, 6V, and 12V operation. Also see 3.3V and 5V pin descriptions. 5 (MICS TESY s “Source (pai) Top of internal reelsior chain: anneal to top of external reals tive divider and source of external MOSFET. 4 EW Enable (npui): TTL high enables regulator, TTL low shuts down regulator August 2005 3 MIC5156/5157/5158MIC5156/5157/5158 Micrel, Inc. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Operating Ratings (Note 2) Supply Input (Vp). +38V Ambient Temperature Range (Ty) Enable Input (Vey) -0.3Vt036V-MICS15xBM/BN 40°C to +85°C Gate Output (Vg) MICS156 +58V Junction Temperature (Ty) +150°C Charge Pump Node (Vgp) MIC5157/8 +55V Thermal Resistance (0yq) Source Connection (Ve) 1.3to+gev Package mics156 mics1s78 Flag (Veiac) ~03torsov OF 100.0". soon Fac 7 ° soIc 160°CW. 120°C/W Storage Temperature (Ts) 65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering 10 sec.) 300°C Electrical Characteristics(Note ) Voo = 5¥. Ven = 5: Ta = 25°C: unless noted Symbol_| Parameter Condition Min_[ Typ | Max_| Units Von] Supply Votage 3 3] V Toocom | SuppIy Current MICSTSS ‘Operating, Vex 27 [70 | ma lbovorr) Shutdown, Ven o1 | 5 | va ‘boon | Supply Current MIGETSTIE | Operating, Vey a5 [70 | ma tboorr Shutdown, Ven or | is | ua Vin Enable pat Threshord Tigh za [a3 Vv Vi Low 13 | os | v ENT; _ | Enable liputBias Current | Vey=2aV Z| 25 | vA Vop__ | Max. Gharge Pump Votlage | Vop=Voo Vpn > T0V 7s | es |v te Charge Pump Frequency 760 We Voornax ) Maximum Gate Drive Vallags | Veouage = 0V (icsis718) ‘Sev s | 7 | 9 | v By 9 |usa| is | v tv za | 2 | 30 | v Voorn | Minimum Gate Dive VoTage | Vsounce > Vounnom 70 Vv Vin] Current Lint Threshold Voo=Vo Shim [as ae Vs ‘Source Vorlage ‘Short G (gate) 10S) source, Note # Mics185-3.3 3267 | a3 | 333] v Mics156-5.0 4950] 50 | 5050] v MICB157, 3.3V pin to pin (3.3V contig) 3250] 33 | 3350] v MIC5157, 8V pinto $ pin (6V config.) 4950] 50 | 5050] v MIC5187, Vop = 7V. (12V config.) v.70 | 12 | 1230) v MICB158, 5VFS pinto EA pin (V config) 4925 | 50 | 5075| v Vag__| Bandgap Reference Voiage | MIC5156 [adhustable] and MICST58 Taz | ass | Teas | V Ta ‘Calput Volage Line Regulation | BV = Voy = 16V, Voyr = 33V 27a Vesnax_| Sate to Source Cramp [ee | pv Ver Flag Comparator Threshold | Yoat nominal Veounce 2 % Van Flag Comparatar Hysteresis | % af nominal Vsouace 3 % Vea | Flag Comparator Sat Voltage | rag = ima oe [| oz | V Note 1. Exceeding he absolute maximum rating may damage the device. Note 2. The deve isnot guaranteed function outsides operating rating Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handing precautions recommenced Note 4, Test contguration, Extemal MOSFET not used Note 6. Specifcation for packaged product only MIC5156/5187/5158 ‘August 2005MIC5156/5157/5158 Micrel, Inc. al Characteristics 3.3V Regulator Output Voltage vs. Tomperature Som "TEMPERATURE O) 1MIC5187/8 On-State Supply gourtent vs. Supply Vata CON-STATE SUPPLY CURRENT (na Suehty VOLTAGE 6) ‘Chargo-Pump Output Voltage ‘vs. Supply Voltage Suehty VOLTAGE 60) Enable Threshold Voltage Sy _ ve Temperature "TEMPERATURE ) 5.0V Regulator Output Voltage vs. Tomporature ourpurvoxtase ‘TEMPERATURE (C) MIcs187/8 On-State Supply Sug, curt vs. Temperature TEMPERATURE CC) Output Vortage ve. Temperature Mic5187/8 Turn-on Response Time for 33V Off-State Supply Current Zan ___ve Temperature TEMPERATURE CC) Flag Output Vottago vs. Flag Current "TEMPERATURE (C), FLAG SINK CURRENT A) ENABLE VOLTAGE 09) se "TEMPERATURE ') August 2005 MIC5156/5157/5158MIC5156/5157/5158 Micrel, Inc. Block Diagram MIC5156 +2 pout s8V put ay. 4 erat boss Sime] ee estreea 4{emparator sv tnput = swuneg PDFKG oad Siresowos-r0 wits aa $* (Sout) pegutates S *S8V Output Block Diagram with External Components Fixed 3.3V Power Supply with 5.0V Load Switch Block Diagram MIC5157 +8 pu FIR | & Charge Pum loscta|| Chass al ster Docks LX Nowe _[Semparater Regulates EBV Octout Block Diagram with External Components Fixed 3.3V 10A Power Supply MIC5156/5187/5158 6 ‘August 2005,MIC5156/5157/5158 Micro, Inc Block Diagram MIC5158 20V,host scr [aS { ounpsr oxunpcr [tue en O14 cas eo ve ¥ Yo ouame_[ hase Pao Yer ray fe Tibi came} [ae So sav 4 internal blocks eet fla Empat SSB Sto Block Diagram with External Components Adjustable Power Suj ply, 3.6V Configuration Functional Description ‘A Super LDO Regulator is a complete regulator built around Micrel's Super LDO Regulator Controller. Refer to Block Diagrams MICS156, MIC5157, and Mics158. Version Differences ‘The MIC5156 requires an external voltage for MOSFET gate drive and is available in 3.3V fixed output, SV fixed output, or adjustable output versions, With 8-pins, the MIC5156 is the smallest of the Super LDO Regulator Controllers, ‘The MIC5157 and MIC5158 each have an internal charge pump which provides MOSFET gate drive voltage, The MIC5157 has a selectable fixed output of 3.3V, 5V, or 12V, ‘The MIC5158 may be configured for a fixed 5V or adjustable output, Enable (EN) With at least 3.0V on Vpp, applying a TTL low to EN places the controller in shutdown mode. A TTL high on EN enables the internal bias circuit which powers all internal circuitry. EN ‘must be pulled high if unused, The voltage applied to EN may be as high as 36V. ‘The controller draws less than 1yA in shutdown mode. Gate Enhancement ‘The Super LDO Regulator Controller manages the gate- to-source enhancement voltage for an external N-channel MOSFET (regulator pass element) placed between the supply and the load. The gate-to-source voltage may vary from 1V to 18V depending upon the supply and load conditions, Because the source voltage (output) approaches the drain voltage (input) when the regulator is in dropout and the MOSFET js fully enhanced, an additional higher supply voltage is required to produce the necessary gate-to-source enhancement. This higher gate drive voltage is provided by an external gate drive supply (MIC5156) or by an internal charge pump (MIC5157 and MIC5158). Gate Drive Supply Voltage (MIC5156 only) The gate drive supply voltage must not be more than 14V above the supply voltage (Vp = Vp < 14V). The minimum necessary gate drive supply voltage is: Vp= Vout * Vas * 1 where: Vp = gate drive supply voltage Vour = regulator output voltage Vag = gate-to-source voltage for full MOSFET gate enhancement The error amplifier uses the gate drive supply voltage to drive the gate of the external MOSFET. The error amplifier output can swing to within 1V of Vp August 2005 MIC5156/5157/5158MIC5156/5157/5158 Micrel, Inc. Charge Pump (MIC5157/5158 only) The charge pump tripler creates adc voltage across reservoir capacitor C3. Extemal capacitors C1 and C2 provide thenec- essary slorage for the stages of the charge pump triple. The triple's approximate de output voltage is: Vep*3 (Vpp - 1) where Vep = charge pump output voltage Vpo = supply vottage The Vop clamp circuit limits the charge pump voltage to 16V above Vpp by gating the charge pumposcillator ON or OFF as required. The charge pump oscillator operates at 160kHz The error amplifier uses the charge pump voltage to drive the gate of the external MOSFET. It provides a constant load of about ‘mA to the charge pump. The error amplifier output can swing to within 1V of Vop. Although the MIC5157/8 is designed to provide gate drive Using its internal charge pump, an external gate drive sup- ply voltage can be applied to Vop . When using an external gate drive supply, Vop must not be forced more than 14V higher than Vp. When constant loads are driven, the ON/OFF switching of the charge pump may be evident on the output waveform, This is caused by the charge pump switching ON and rapidly increasing the supply voltage tothe erroramplifer. The period ofthis small charge pump excitationis determined by anumber of factors: the input voltage, the 1mA op-amp load, any de leakage associated with the MOSFET gate circut, the size of the charge pump capacitors, the size of the charge pump reservoircapacitor, and the characteristics ofthe nputvoltage and load. The period is lengthened by increasing the charge pump reservoir capacitor (C3). The amplitude is reduced by ‘weakening the charge pump—thisis accomplished by reduc- ing the size of the pump capacitors (C1 and C2). IFthis small burst is a problem in the application, use a 10HF reservoir capacitor at C3 and 0.01uF pump capacitors at C1 and C2, Note that the recovery time to repetitive load transients may be affected with small pump capacitors. Gate-to-Source Clamp ‘A gate-to-source protective voltage clamp of 16.6V protects the MOSFET in the event that the output voltage is suddenly forced to zero volts. This prevents damage to the external MOSFET during shorted load conditions, Refer to "Charge Pump" for normal clamp circuit operation. The source connection required by the gate-to-source clamp is not available on the adjustable version of the MICS156. Output Regulation At startup, the error amplifier feedback voltage (EA), or internal feedback on fixed versions, is below nominal when compared to the intemal 1.236V bandgap reference. This, forces the error ampifier output high which turns on exter- nal MOSFET Q1. Once the output reaches regulation, the controller maintains constant output voltage under changing input and load conditions by adjusting the error amplifier output voltage (gate enhancement voltage) according to the feedback voltage. Out-of Regulation Detection ‘When the output voltage is 8% or more below nominal, the open-collector FLAG output (normally high) is forced low to signal a fault condition. The FLAG output can be used to signal or control external circuitry. The FLAG output can also be used to shut down the regulator using the EN control Current Limiting ‘Super LDO Regulators perform constant-current limiting (not foldback). To implement current limiting, a sense resistor (Rg) must be placed in the “power” path between Vip and D (drain). Ifthe voltage drop across the sense resistor reaches 35m\, the current limit comparator reduces the error amplifier out- put. The error amplifier output is decreased only enough to reduce the output current, keeping the voltage across the sense resistor from exceeding 35mV, Application Information MOSFET Selection Standard N-channel enhancement-mode MOSFETs are ace ceptable for most Super LDO regulator applications Logic-level N-channel enhancement-mode MOSFETs may be necessary if the external gate drive voltage is too low (MIC5156),orthe input voltages oo low, toprovide adequate charge pump voltage (MIC5157/8) to enhance a standard MOSFET, Circuit Layout For the best voltage regulation, place the source, ground, and error amplifier connections as close as possible to the load. See figures (1a) and (1b). micstsx § eno Figure 1a. Connections for Fixed Output MIC5156/5187/5158 ‘August 2005MIC5156/5157/5158 Micrel, Inc. s}— micsis8 ol Figure 1b. Connections for Adjustable Output mics1s6 Figure 1c. MIC5156 Connections for ‘Adjustable Output MOSFET Gate-to-Source Protection When using the adjustable version ofthe MIC5156, an external 16V zener diode placed from gate-to-source is recommended for MOSFET protection. All other versions of the Super LDO regulator controller use the internal gate-to-source clamp. Output Voltage Configuration Fixed Configurations ‘The MIC5156-3.3 and MIC5156-5.0 are preset for 3.3V and 5.0V respectively ‘The MIC5157 operates at3.3Vwhen the 3.3V pinisconnected to the S (source) pin; 5.0V when the 5.0V pin is connected to the S pin; or 12V'if the 3.3V and 5.0V pins are open. ‘The MIC5158 operates at a fixed 5V (without an external resistive divider) ifthe 5VFB pin is connected to EA, Adjustable Configurations Micrel's MIC5156 [adjustable] and MIC5158 require an ex- temal resistive divider to set the output voltage from 1.235V to 36V. For best results, use a 10kM resistor for R2. See equation (1) and figure (2) v our _ 4) 1) R= tx 108 (Zour al s micsis78 suo &4 no a2 S ik Figure 2. Typical Resi Input Filter Capacitor ‘The SuperLDO requires aninputbypass capacitor foraccom- modating wide changes in load current and for decoupling the error ampifierand charge pump. Amediumto large value low-ESR (equivalent series resistance) capacitor is best, mounted close to the device. Output Filter Capacitor ‘An output filter capacitor may be used to reduce ripple and improve load regulation. Stable operation does not require a large capacitor, but for transient load regulation the size of the output capacitor may become a consideration. Common aluminum electrolytic capacitors performnicely; very low-ESR capacitors are not necessary. Increased capacitance (rather than reduced ESR) is preferred. The capacitor value should be large enough to provide sufficient I = C x dV/dt current consistent with the required transient load regulation quality Foragiven step increase inload current, the outputvoltage will drop by about dV = 1 x dC, where I represents the increase in load current over time t. This relationship assumes that all output current was being supplied via the MOSFET pass device prior to the load increase. Small (0.01pF to 10uF) film capacitors parallel to the load wil further improve response to transient loads. ‘Some linearregulators specify aminimum required outputfiter capacitance because the capacitor determines the dominant pole of the system, and thereby stabilizes the system, This is not the situation for the MIC5156/7/8; its dominant pole is determined within its error amplifier, August 2005 MIC5156/5157/5158MIC5156/5157/5158 Current Limiting Current sensing requires a low-value series resistance (R,) between Vp and D (drain). Refer to the typical applications The internal current-imiting circuit limits the voltage drop across the sense resistor to 35mV. Equation (2) provides the sense resistor value required for a given maximum current. mV 2) Rs = 38 uM where Rg = sense resistor value Iqg= maximum output current Most current-imited applications require low-value resistors. See Application Hints 21 and 25 for construction hints. Non-Current-Limited Applications For circuits not requiring current limiting, do not use a sense resistor between Vpyp and D (drain). See figure (3). The con- troller will not limit current when it does not detect a 35mV drop from Vp te D. Yoo | miceise 4 Figure 3, No Current Limit 3.3V Microprocessor Applications For computer designs that use 3.3V microprocessors with 5V logic, the FLAG output can be used to suppress the SV sup- ply unti the 3.3V outputs in regulation. Refer to the external components shown with the MIC5156 Block Diagram, 'SMPS Post Regulator Application A Super LDO regulator can be used as a post regulator for a sswitch-mode power supply. The SuperLDO regulatorcan pro- vide a significant reduction in peak-to-peak ripple voltage. High-Current Switch Application Allversions of the MIC5156/7/8 may be used for currentsim= ited, high-current, high-side switching with or without voltage regulation. See figure (4a). Simply leave the “S" terminal ‘open. A 16V zener diode from the gate to the source of the MOSFET protects the MOSFET from overdrive during fault conditions. Micro, Ine Gat Spy Ye Ve Van Fe sit refen” 9 sics1s6-xo}— cno_§ + Hie] Figure 4a, High-Side Switch If a MIC5157 or MIC5158 is used and is shutdown for a given time, the charge pump reservoir Vcp will bleed off. If recharging the reservoir causes an unacceptable delay in the load reaching its operating voltage, do not use the EN pin for onfoff control. Instead, use the MIC5158, hold EN high to keep the charge pump in continuous operation, and switch the MOSFET on or off by overriding the error amplifier input as shown in figure (4b). micstse S| amsee Figure 4b. Fast High-Side Switch Battery Charger Application The MIC5158 may be used in constant-current applications suchasbattery chargers. See figure (5). The regulator supplies a constant-current (35mV + R3) until the battery approaches the float voltage’ R1 Veu = 1.296(1 + Bt where: Vp = float voltage At float voltage, the MOSFET is shut off, A trickle charge is supplied by Ra, MIC5156/5187/5158 10 August 2005,MIC5156/5157/5158 en s|—4 micstse s| eno Figure 5. Battery Charger Concept, Micrel, Inc. Uninterruptible Power Supply The MIC5157 and two N-channel MOSFETs provide battery switching for uninterruptible power as shown in figure (6) ‘Two MOSFETs are placed source-to-source to prevent cur- rent flow through their body diodes when switched off. The ‘Super LDO regulator is continuously enabled to achieve fast battery switch-in, Careful attention must be paid to the ac-line monitoring circuitry to ensure that the output voltage does not fall below design limits while the battery is being switched in mcsise ce = moe Acgef , ortiz Uritomaptatie UneO=}_ pon Sppiy ——4+—* Be Figure 6. UPS Power Supply Concept August 2005 iT MIC5156/5157/5158MIC5156/5157/5158 Package Information 0.380 (885) 370840), 0018 (57r4|he 0.100 2.54] Micrel, Inc. ar PIN DIMENSIONS. INCH (1M) 0.255 (6.48) 0.135 0.43) 0.285 (622) O25 (318) 0.300 (782) T . f Noor = ff N (0.330) roy -riF 0.010 0.258) by f i oivoe.2 |.o3801685)| |+- 0.0375 0982) 8-Pin DIP (N) Ss oa wos a8 er alee nell LU, ae 8-Pin SOIC (M) MIC5156/5187/5158 2 August 2005,MIC5156/5157/5158 Micrel, Inc. J 2770 10.856) max —>] , jeseaoog m ol besa or hagens Le eae" sno) AAABA A ON" 0.154 (8,80) y DIMENSIONS: Foe ee ee ce | ae | ose so J WW" ““cosais2n, careio4d) . | +" ans Tew iaee Tot ommem fo 057 45 3571855) SEATING 2am oem (125) PLANE 14-Pin SOIC (M) WIGREL INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA TEL + 1 (408) 944-0800 FAX + 1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http:hwww.micrel.com ‘This information furnished by Micrel inthis data sheet is beloved tobe accurate and reliable. However no responsibility is assumed by Micrel forts use. [Mirel reserves the right to change crcutry and specications at anytime without ntifeation to the customer Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in Ife support appliances, devices or systems where maluncton ofa product can reasonably be expected to asulin personal injury. Life suppor devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant nto the body or (b) support or sustain Ife, and whose fallure to perform can be reasonably expected to result ina significant inury tothe user. A Purchaser's Use or sale of Mirol Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems isa Purchaser's own rik and Purchaser agrees fo fully indemnify ‘Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale, © 1999 Mire, ne August 2005 13 MIC5156/5157/5158