E s s e n t i a l P h y s i c s f o r C a m b r i d g e I G C S E ® 2 nd E d i t i o n

Unit 4 Energy
SUMMARY QUESTIONS:
1 (a) Energy of an object due to its movement
(b) Energy of an object due to its position
(c) Energy released when the nucleus of an atom splits
(d) Energy stored in a substance and released in a chemical reaction
2 (a) Chemical → electrical → kinetic → electrical → heat & light
(b) Energy is wasted during the transfer processes in the form of heat (mainly) and sound
3 (a) 3600 J (b) Mainly heat
4 See Topics 4.5 and 4.6
5 0.4 (40%)
6 (a) 650 N (b) 1248 J (c) 567 W

PRACTICE QUESTIONS:
1 A J (Joule)
2 D 3000 J
3 B Energy should not be wasted
4 A Gravity
5 A 0.5 kW
6 (a) Chemical energy Energy released when chemical reactions take place
Electrical energy Energy transferred by an electric current
Gravitational Potential Energy Energy of an object due to its position
Heat energy Energy transferred from a hot object to a cold object
Kinetic energy Energy of an object due to its motion
Nuclear energy Energy released when the nucleus of an atom splits

(b) Heat, light. Electrical, heat, sound

7 (a) (i) Any sensible answers (see Topic 4.5)
Example advantages: no greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy source.
Example disadvantages: The wind doesn’t blow all the time, doesn’t blow with
constant speed, may affect view, and blades may affect bird flight paths or cause
noise.
(ii) Any sensible answers (see Topic 4.5)
Advantages: no greenhouse gas emissions (unless pumping water uphill is being used
to store energy), renewable energy source for example
Disadvantages: large impact on the environment, huge dams flooding large areas,
affecting downstream flows and ecosystems.
(b) (i) Kinetic energy, electrical energy (electricity)
(ii) Gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, electrical energy (electricity)

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 E s s e n t i a l P h y s i c s f o r C a m b r i d g e I G C S E ® 2 nd E d i t i o n

8 (a) (i) 12 J
(ii) 3W
(iii) 12 J
(b) (i) Measure time taken to raise the load
(ii) 1) Shorter time 2) Longer time 3) Same time
(c) (i) 6.75 J
(ii) 5.25 J
(iii) Energy is lost, mainly as heat due to friction

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