Intermediate 2 Workbook PDF Version

Intermediate 2
English
Discoveries
WORKBOOK
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
All rights are reserved. No part of these materials may be reproduced,
photocopied, transmitted or translated in any form or by any means
without permission in writing from Edusoft, Ltd.
Dear Student,
Welcome to the English Discoveries Student Workbook for Intermediate 2. Using this
workbook will help you practice your English.
Each unit of the workbook corresponds directly to a unit in the English Discoveries
Intermediate 2 course. After completing a unit within the course, you should complete
the corresponding activities in the workbook.
The units in this workbook integrate all four language skills: Listening, Reading,
Speaking, and Writing. The workbook units also provide a wide range of grammar and
vocabulary activities.
If you want to refer to the computer lesson texts while you are away from your
computer, you can find them in the workbook Appendix.
Special emphasis has been given throughout the workbook to speaking and writing
activities. You will see that you have many opportunities to express yourself in both
spoken and written English.
We hope you enjoy using this program,
The English Discoveries Team

CONTENTS
Unit 1 7
Buying A Car
Unit 2 13
Accidents
Unit 3 19
Problems
Unit 4 25
Helping Out
Unit 5 33
Dreams And Ambitions
Unit 6 41
Money Matters
Unit 7 49
Politics
Unit 8 57
Instructions
Unit 9
67
Recycling
Unit 10
75
Movie Making
Appendix
83
Lesson Text
Intermediate 2 Unit 1
Unit 1
Buying A Car
Ad
ta.wWashathe purpose of the radio ad? Mark the correct answer.
1. To convince people to buy used cars
2. To convince people to buy a car at Car City
3. To introduce Ron and Lara to the listeners
b. What did you hear on the radio? Mark the correct answer.
1. A news report about Car City
2. An interview with two car dealers
3. An interview with two people who bought cars
Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 9

c. In the radio ad, Lara says that the spoke to her sister, Natalie, about her new
car. Read their conversation. Mark who said each sentence.
LARA NATALIE
“I just bought a brand-new Beamer Coyote.”
“It’s automatic and it has all the latest features.”
“Wow! Where did you buy it?”
“At Car City. I got a really good price.”
“I paid ten percent as a down payment and I’m

paying the rest off in monthly payments.”
“I don’t believe it! I also bought a car there last week.”
“I got a great deal on a second-hand car at the

end-of-year sale.”
“That’s great! You get real value for your money at Car City,
don’t you?”
d. Car City also advertises in the newspaper. Mark the newspaper ad that is for Car City.
Ad 2
If you’re looking for a great deal,
Ad 3 then look no further!
Come on down to our end-of-year sale
and pick out the car of your choice.
Are you looking for the car With a variety of new and used cars
of your dreams? to choose from and very reasonable
Are you interested in only the prices, you won’t find a better deal!
best that money can buy?
Then we are the place for you!
We carry only luxury models Ad 1
fitted with the latest features. For really low prices that everyone
So if you are interested in can afford,call us now!
only the newest and the best, We offer unbeatable deals on used cars
make an appointment with and used car parts. Payment on a cash-
our only basis.
showroom salespeople.
8 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

e. Discuss your choice with a partner. Explain why the ad you chose is suitable and why
the other two are not.
f. Read the sentences from the radio ad. Replace the underlined words with words
or expressions from the box below.
at another place • for the same money • happy • newest • promise • wonderful
1. At Car City you’ll find fantastic bargains!

At Car City you’ll find wonderful bargains!
2. He bought a car somewhere else and he isn’t satisfied with it.
He bought a car at another place and he isn’t happy with it.
3. I could have bought the latest model of the same car at the same price.
I could have bought the newest model of the same car for the same money.
4. We guarantee that you won’t find a better deal anywhere.

We promise that you won’t find a better deal anywhere.

Buying A Used Car

ta.wWahsathe purpose of the text, “Buying A Used Car”? Mark the correct answer.
1. To advertise a car dealer

2. To explain about different kinds of cars
3. To give advice on buying a used car
4. To persuade someone to buy a new car
b. Mark the sentences that match the suggestions given in the ad.
1. Before you go to a used-car dealer, think about what kind of car you want and
which features you would like it to have.
2. It is a good idea to go to a used-car dealer alone, because a friend’s advice can
sometimes confuse you.
3. Most car dealers are reliable, so you don’t need to test-drive the car you plan to buy.
4. Always take the car to be checked by a mechanic before you buy it.
5. If you want to lower the price, try bargaining with the dealer.
c. Circle the correct answer.
1. Which expression means “decide”? make up your mind / have in mind

2. When buyers bargain about the price, they want to make it higher / lower.
3. You “ought to” means you must / should.
4. “You ought to have it checked” means:
you ought to check it / you ought to get somebody else to check it.
d. Write three pieces of advice about one of the following topics: buying a new car, renting
an apartment, going on a diet. Share your advice with a partner.
You can begin with these words:
You should… You ought to...
It’s a good idea to... If...
Don’t…

Renting an apartment
 You should look first on a newspaper or any other media for what you are looking in an apartment.
 You ought to have recommended a dealer that is known for renting apartments.
 You should have in mind what you are looking or what extra features you would like to have in the renting
of an apartment.
 It’s a good idea to bargain with the dealer about the renting of the apartment you choose, the ways of
payments about the renting and other details.

The Car
a. Which sentences from the dialogue, “The Car”, express refusal?
No. I’m sorry. This car simply isn’t what I wanted.
Hmmm. This isn’t exactly what I had in mind.
No... This just isn’t what I need.
b. Who says sentences like these? For each sentence circle the speaker, C (for Customer)
or D (for Dealer), and mark the function (what the speaker is trying to do).
Persuading Accepting Refusing
1. “You won’t find a better deal anywhere else.” C/D

2. “This is just what I’m looking for. I’ll take it!” C/D
3. “I can offer you an excellent monthly payment plan.” C/D
4. “No…This is definitely not what I had in mind.” C/D
5. “I really can’t afford this car.” C/D
6. “This car is exactly what I want. Do you accept checks?” C/D
7. “We have other fantastic bargains to offer.” C/D
c. Complete the dialogue by writing what the customer says. Then share and practice
your dialogue with a partner.
Car dealer: Here it is. Isn’t it beautiful?
Customer: (refusing) No…This is definitely not what I had in mind.
Car dealer: And it’s only $5,000.
Customer: (refusing) this just isn’t what I wanted.
Car dealer: I could lower the price to $4,000.
Customer: (refusing) No. I’m sorry is not exactly what I’m looking.
Car dealer: What if I let you pay it off in 12 monthly payments?

Customer: (accepting) well. I could accept it.

Conditionals: Real
a. Read the advice about buying a used car. Match the ends of the sentences in column B
to their beginnings in column A to make real conditional sentences.
A B
1. If you want to find a good dealer, 3 a. he will probably lower the price.
2. If you don’t take a used car to be

5
checked by a mechanic, b. you can ask the dealer for monthly payments.
3. If you bargain with the dealer, 1 c. ask your friends to recommend one.
4. If you take a friend with you, 4 d. it will be easier for you to choose a car.
5. If you can’t pay for the car in cash, 2 e. you might buy a car with engine problems.
ebe. Amdodrtehreal conditionals sentences giving advice about used cars.

1. If you want to buy a used car, you should have in mind what you are looking on it.
2. If you bought a used car, you should be the first to try it on.
3. If you are recommend by a good dealer, you would find an excellent bargain for the car.
c. Complete the short ad for a car dealer by filling in suitable words in each space.
are • buy • come • find • get • give • let • need • show • want
LOOKING FOR A CAR?

COME TO CAR CITY!
If you (1) need a good car dealer, you should (2) come to us!
If you (3) are interested in the latest models, we (4) show them to you.
If you (5) find a car you like, we (6) let you test-drive it.
If you (7) want a comfortable payment plan, we (8) give it to you.
If you (9) buy from us, you (10) get great service.

Unit 2
Accidents
Be Careful!
a. In the video, “Be Careful!”, Fran’s father hurts his back. Fran’s friend, Anita, arrives later
and asks Fran how it happened. Fill in the missing words or phrases in their
conversation. Choose the words and phrases from below.
back problems • by himself • careful • carry • heavy things • hurt • not supposed to
Anita: How did your father (1) his back?
Fran: He was trying to (2) a gramaphone player.
Anita: But why? He knows he’s (3) carry (4)

, doesn’t he?
Fran: Of course. And I even warned him to be (5) . But he just

wouldn’t listen. He insisted on carrying it (6) .
Anita: Oh, no! Well, he’ll probably have to see a doctor right away. I just hope he doesn’t
have even worse (7) now.

b. Mark the only sentence that is true about the conversation in activity a. Then
rewrite three of the untrue sentences to make them true.
1. Anita is worried about her back problem.

2. Fran thinks Anita should see a doctor.
3. Fran explains how her father hurt his back.
4. Anita explains why Fran’s father was carrying a heavy object.
5. Fran thinks the doctor should come and see her father.
6. Anita explains why Fran’s father hates going to doctors.
a.
b.
c.
c. Imagine the conversation between Fran’s father and the doctor. Complete the
questions that the doctor might ask him. Write his answers.
Doctor: in pain?
Father: .
Doctor: feel?
Father: .
Doctor: medicine for the pain?
Father: .
Doctor: Where hurt?
Father: .
Doctor: How happen?
Father: .
Doctor: Why ?
Father: .
d. Practice your dialogue with a partner.

Cliff Terror
a. Read what happens next in the story, “Cliff Terror”. To find out what happens to Susan
and Ellen, number the parts of the story in the correct order.
a. “Are you sure about the direction, Ellen?” Susan said nervously. “It’s hard to tell
north from south now that the sun has gone behind the clouds.”
b. Ellen thought for a moment. “Well, if you want to go home, we have to find a
way out of here. I think we should go there.” Ellen pointed to the trees up ahead.
“That’s the direction we came from.”
c. Susan looked up to see what Ellen was pointing at. “Yes, it is!” she shouted. “It’s
Daniel and the rest of the group. We’re safe! HEY! DANIEL! PETER! WE’RE OVER
HERE!”
d. Susan didn’t want Ellen to bandage her ankle. “No, thank you. I just want to go home.”
e. But Ellen wasn’t listening to Susan talk about the clouds. “Susan....Stop! Wait a
minute!” she called out suddenly. “What’s that up there, in the mountains? Isn’t
that…?”
f. “Stop complaining! You’ll be all right,” said Ellen. “You’ve probably sprained your
ankle. I have a bandage here in my backpack. I’ll put it on for you if you like.”
b. Complete the story by filling in the characters’ words.
But nobody heard Susan’s shouts, so she asked Ellen to join her. “
.”
When still nobody heard them, Ellen had a great idea – they could use the bandage, and
wave it to get Daniel’s attention. She explained her idea to Susan. “
.”
After the girls had been waving the bandage for over five minutes, Daniel finally noticed
them. He knew that the only way to rescue them was to call for a helicopter, so he
shouted down to them: “ .”
Susan was so happy to hear this that she started dancing on one foot. When Ellen saw
her she said, “ .”
c. Share your story ending with other students.

Look Out!
a. Which person in the computer lesson gives a warning? Mark the correct answer.
1. The teenager on the bicycle

2. The older woman
3. The child
b. Read another conversation. Copy the sentences that express a warning and those that
ignore a warning.
Kate: Did you see the sign we just passed,

Sal? Sally: No, which sign? What does it say?
Kate: It says we aren’t allowed to walk here. Somebody is building something on top of
this building. This sidewalk is too close to the building. It’s dangerous!
Sally: Nonsense! It’s perfectly safe.
Kate: But the sign says it isn’t safe. You could get hurt. Something might fall on you.
Sally: Don’t worry. It won’t. Come on. I’m in a hurry.
Kate: Sally, look out! There are falling bricks!
Expressing a
warning:
Ignoring a warning:

c. In each of the pictures below somebody is warning somebody else. Under each
picture write what you think the person is saying. Here are some expressions to help
you:
Be You might...
careful You
Don’t... shouldn’t...
If you..., you could... You aren’t supposed
You aren’t allowed to... to... The sign says...
A B
D E

Past Perfect: Progressive
a. Answer the question under each picture. Use the Past Perfect Progressive form of the
verb given.
1. John woke up with a sore 2. The children were 3. Mary’s eyes were
neck. Why? covered in chocolate. sore. Why?
Why? She (work)
He (sleep)
at his desk all night. They (eat) at the computer all day.
chocolate cake.
b. Complete the story by choosing the correct verb for each space from the list below.
crashed • decided • had been thinking • hadn’t been paying • pushed
John was late for his math exam. He was nervous because he hadn’t slept well. As
soon as he got into the car, he started the engine, put the gears into reverse and
(1) his foot down on the gas pedal. The car shot backwards
out of the driveway and (2) into a garbage removal
truck. John (3) attention and hadn’t seen the truck.
He hadn’t checked his rearview mirror before reversing out of the driveway
because he
(4) about getting to his exam on time. When he heard the
crash he hesitated for a moment, but then (5) not to stop.
He couldn’t be late for his exam.

Unit 3
Problems
Family
a. In the voice mail message, “Family,” Lori asks Marcy for a favor. What does she
say? Complete the sentences below.
do me a favor?
pick up my dress at the cleaners for me?
b. In your opinion, who is Marcy? Mark all possible answers.
1. Lori’s boss 2. Lori’s mother 3. Lori’s sister 4. Lori’s friend
c. Marcy calls Lori back and leaves her a message. Read it and answer the
questions that follow.
Hi, Lori. This is Marcy. I got your message. I’m really sorry, but I can’t pick up
your dress from the dry cleaners. I have a problem here at work. The other
secretary is sick and I have to stay at the office until late to type some letters
that have to be sent today. I just spoke to Jane, though. She has to go in that
direction anyway, so I’ve asked her to pick up your dress for you. So don’t worry!
You’ll have your dress in time for the party. Bye.
Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

19
Why is Marcy calling Lori? Mark all the correct answers.
1. To reply to a voice mail she received earlier from Lori

2. To tell Lori that she will have to pick up her own dress
3. To apologize for not picking up Lori’s dress
4. To ask Lori to call Jane
5. To tell Lori that the party has been canceled
6. To tell Lori that someone else will pick up her dress for her
d. Decide on the CAUSE AND EFFECT relationships in the text. What causes what? Fill in
the boxes below. Choose from the list of sentences.
Jane will pick up the dress.

She has asked Jane to pick up the dress instead.
Lori will have the dress in time for the party.
She can’t pick up Lori’s dress.
Marcy has to stay at work late.
1 The secretary who works with Marcy is sick.
e. Write a text message to a friend, asking for a favor. Explain why you need the favor.

A Foreign Affair
a. Do you remember the story, “A Foreign Affair”? Number the events according to the
order in which they happened.
a. Erica and Danny arrive at the party.
b. Ms. Medina suggests that Danny put down his drink.
c. Danny walks around the room.
d. Danny looks up and sees the foreign minister’s wife.
e. Erica asks Danny to smile.
f. Erica calls Danny over to say hi to someone.
g. Danny finishes getting dressed.
h. Danny puts out his hand and says, “It’s lovely to see you again.”

b. Erica writes a diary entry about the party. Read the entry and choose the title that
fits best. Then answer the questions in activity c.
1. Ms. Medina’s Dress
2. Connections I Made
3. Danny’s Conversation
4. My Discussion with Ms. Medina
5. Notes on Tonight’s Party
Dear Diary,
Tonight’s party went well. I made some good connections and had a lovely
conversation with the foreign minister’s wife. I knew that Danny wouldn’t be
happy if I called him over to speak with her. But I did it anyway. I just thought it
was important, since the last time she and Danny met, Danny accidentally
spilled his drink on her.
But tonight everything went smoothly. Danny even carried on a conversation with
Ms. Medina. I wish Danny was more comfortable at these type of events. And I
wish he would smile more, so people won’t think he’s unfriendly. Maybe he’ll get
used to them over time. I sure hope so.
c. Mark if each sentence is true ) or false ( ).
1. Erica is happy with the way the party turned out. /
2. Erica made some good connections at the party. /
3. Erica did not want to speak to the foreign minister’s wife. /
4. Danny carried on a conversation with Ms. Medina. /
5. Danny doesn’t speak much at these events, but he smiles a lot. /
6. Erica thinks Danny might get used to her events over time. /
d. Underline the parts of the diary entry that helped you find your answers.

Fried Fish
sae. nTtheences below describe the events that happened in the dialogue “Fried Fish”.
Write the sentences from the dialogue that illustrate each event.
The waiter asked for an opinion.
The customer expressed dissatisfaction.
The waiter apologized.
The customer requested something else.
b. Read the following dialogue and fill in the speaker’s purpose in the blank spaces.
expressing dissatisfaction • asking for an opinion • expressing satisfaction

accepting an apology • apologizing
Jack: Mmm. I haven’t had such a good steak in ages. It was so tender.
(1)
What do you think of the food here, Jane?
(2)
Joabnee:honTest, I think it’s awful. My fish is dry and the vegetables are over-cooked.
(3)
Jack: I’m really sorry, Jane. I forgot to tell you that their specialty is meat, not fish.
(4)
Jane: Oh, that’s alright. I enjoyed being with you!
(5)
c. Write a conversation between a waiter and two customers at a restaurant. One

customer is satisfied and one is dissatisfied. In a group of three, practice the
conversation.

Past Perfect: Simple

a. Match the earlier events in the second column to the events in the first column.
Event Earlier event
1. Lori couldn’t get to the cleaners. a. I had lost the invitation.
2. I couldn’t remember what time the

b. They had forgotten to reserve a table.
dinner party was supposed to start.
3. We were driving to work, when the car c. The waiter had kept them waiting for an hour,
suddenly stopped. and had then brought them the wrong food.
4. When John and Stacey got to the

d. She had taken her car to the garage.
restaurant, there was no place to sit.
5. The couple complained about the poor

e. I had forgotten to fill the tank with gas.
service in the restaurant.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
b. Underline the verbs in activity a. that show that an action happened earlier.
c. Complete each sentence by adding the cause of the problem. Choose from the list of
causes below. Change the verbs into the Past Perfect Simple.

• she was in a car accident as a child • they saw it already

• he broke his front tooth • he didn’t practice enough
• he didn’t study for it
1. Ben went to
the dentist because .
2. My friends didn’t want to go to that movie with me because .
3. Tom failed the exam because .
4. Tony didn’t win the piano competition because .
5. Clare didn’t want to drive because .

Unit 4
Helping Out
Welcome to the Neighborhood!

a. Do you remember the video with Eric and Steven? Mark the following statements true )
or false ( ).
1. Eric is Steven’s next door neighbor. /
2. Eric and Steven have met before. /

3. Steven recently moved in. /
4. Eric brings Steven groceries. /
5. Eric helps Steven. /
6. Steven makes a mistake. /
7. The scene takes place in Chicago. /
b. Do you remember who said what? Mark the correct column.

Eric Steven
1. “I live upstairs, apartment ___________ ___________
11.”
___________ ___________
2. “You just moved in, right?”
___________ ___________
3. “Yes, about two weeks ago.”
___________ ___________
4. “That’s very kind of you.”
___________ ___________
5. “I’m from Chicago.”
___________ ___________
6. “Here, let me help you with that.”
c. Eric and Steven continue their conversation. Write the sentences in the correct order.
The first one is done for you.
a. Steven: I’d love to. Thank you.

b. Eric: What do you think of the neighborhood?
c. Steven: Not yet. But I’m starting a new job next week, so I’ll meet people then.
d. Steven: I love it. The area is very beautiful and there’s a lot going on.
e. Eric: How would you like to join my wife and me for dinner this evening?
f. Eric: Do you know a lot of people here?
1. Eric: What do you think of the neighborhood?

2. Steven:
3. Eric:
4. Steven:
5. Eric:
6. Steven:

She Owes You a Favor
a. Do you remember the text from the computer lesson? Answer the following questions.
1. What happened to Alison’s car?

2. Who did she call to help her?
3. What was he doing when she called?
4. Why was he the right person to call?
5. What favor does he need from Alison?
b. Who is each phrase about? Mark the correct column.
Barry Marcello Alison

1. had a problem with the car
2. told his friend he looked tired
3. had a history paper to write
4. tried to push the car
5. called a friend in the middle of the night
6. is a mechanic
7. is good at history
8. owes someone a favor
9. met Barry on the way to class
c. What can we infer from what Barry says? Mark the correct answer. Share the reasons
for your answer with the class.
“However, knowing Alison the way I do, I took two quarts of oil and a gallon of gas, too.”
1. Alison can’t drive very well.
2. Alison often forgets to check the gas and oil.
3. Barry thinks Alison should stop driving.
4. Barry wants Alison to be more serious.
5. Alison doesn’t know Barry very well.

d. Fill in the blanks to complete what each person is saying. Choose from the words
in the box.
a favor • assignment • good at • down • due tomorrow • easy • stuck • tired
“My car got (1) . It broke (2) .”
“You look (3) . Why don’t you go

home and take it (4) ?”
“I have a history (5) . The paper is (6) .”
“I have an idea. I’m (7) history.

and I owe you (8) . I’ll
do the rest of the paper for you!.”

Let's Go
a. Do you remember the dialogue, “Let’s Go”, in the computer lesson? Write the words
that Steve and his friend use to express the following:
Asking for help:

Agreeing to help:
Making a suggestion:
Accepting a suggestion:
eb.aHreersome sentences about getting tickets to a rock concert. Decide what each
person is expressing. Mark the correct column.
ASKING FOR AGREEING MAKING A ACCEPTING A

HELP TO HELP SUGGESTION SUGGESTION
1. “How about calling Dave?

He might be able to help you.”
2. “Of course I’ll get you some

tickets. It’s no problem.”
3. “Could you please try and get me

two tickets for Friday’s concert?”
4. “That’s a great idea! I’ll call him

now.”
5. “Why don’t you try asking

Dave? He works in a ticket
office.”
6. “Thanks for the advice. I’ll give him
a call.”
7. “If I were you I’d speak to Dave.

He might help you out.”
8. “Sure! I’ll see what I can do.

How many tickets do you
need?”
9o.u“lWd you mind doing me a
favor? I need tickets for the
concert.”

29
cri.teWtwo dialogues, using sentences from the list below. In Dialogue 1, Steve agrees
to help. In Dialogue 2, he doesn’t.
• I’m working on my history paper. Maybe later.

• Sure, if I’m able to.
• Thanks. I don’t like studying in the library. It’s so noisy.
• Oh, please. I really need your help.
• Peter? I don’t like Peter.
• My room is even quieter. Let’s go there.
• Well… we could study in my room. It’s quiet there.
• But he’s an excellent student.
• You’re right, it is too noisy here. Where can we study?
• You could ask Peter to help you. He’s also studying geography.
Dialogue 1
Friend: Hi, Steve. Would you mind helping me with the geography assignment?
Steve:
Steve:
Friend:
Steve:
Dialogue 2
Friend: Hi, Steve. Would you mind helping me with the geography assignment?
Steve:
Friend:
Steve:
Friend:
Steve:

Reported Speech: Statements and Questions

a. Match the two parts of each sentence. There are three extra possibilities in column B.
A B
C1.a“n you help me please? This is the
third time I’ve called your mechanic and a. what is playing at the local movie theater.”
he hasn’t answered. I’d like to know...
2. “Welcome to Randall’s Bookstore. How
can I help you?” b. how many apples you are going to buy.”
“I want to know...
3. “I know you aren’t well and need some
rest. Let me take the kids out to a movie. c. why my car isn’t fixed yet.”
I’ll find out...
4. “Please help me find my ring. I think
I dropped it somewhere here in the d. where you are going right now.”
restaurant.”
“Don’t worry. I’ll ask the manager...
5. “This math homework is really difficult.
Can you help me with it?” e. how much this dictionary costs.”
“Well, I’m not good at math, but I think...
6. “I’d like some dessert, but I’m allergic to f. that Susie might be able to help you with
strawberries. Do you know... your homework.”
7. “The baby has a very high

temperature. I called the doctor over g. if anyone has brought it to him.”
an hour ago.
I can’t understand...
h. if there are any in that cake over there?”
i. when the course begins.”
j. why he is taking so long.”
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

b. Complete each sentence with a suitable phrase.
Ryan will be thrilled • what time the party starts • how much that puppy costs
you could help me to organize it • what he wants • if she wants to help too
that she is free
Annie: I’m having a party for Ryan’s fifth birthday on Saturday afternoon.
I wonder if (1) .
Lyn: Sure. I’d love to help. Just tell me (2) .
Annie: The kids are invited to come at 11a.m.
Lyn: OK, I’ll be there at 9. I’ll ask Karen (3) .
She loves children. I hope (4) .
Annie: Thank you so much, Lyn. You’re such a good friend.
Lyn: By the way, what does Ryan want for his birthday?
Annie: I know exactly (5) .
That reminds me. I need to phone the pet shop. I need to know
(6) .
Lyn: That’s a great gift for a 5-year-old. I’m sure that (7) !
c. In the situations below people are asking for help, offering help, or giving help.
Complete the reported sentences by putting the words and phrases in the correct order.
“Can you baby-sit for us tonight?”

1. We need a babysitter tonight. “When does the
next train leave?”
I’ll ask Jane

. 4. I need some information about your
(if / she can / for us tonight / baby- train schedule, please. Can you tell me
sit)
“Will it work?” ?
(leaves / when / the next train)
2. I need your advice about
this diet. Do you think “Can you help me lift it?”
?
(work / it will / that)
“How much did

you pay for that?” 5. This box is so heavy. I need your
help. I wonder
3. Could you please tell me
? .
(for that / you paid / how much) (help me / whether / you can / lift it)

Unit 5
The Promotion
a. Do you remember the video, “The Promotion”? Mark all the true sentences about
what happened.
1. It’s a rainy day.
2. Peter and Jeremy work together.
3. Peter and Jeremy haven’t seen each other in a few months.
4. Jeremy had asked Peter to meet him.
5. Jeremy has good news for Peter.
6. Jeremy is offering Peter a promotion.
7. Peter is upset about the news.
8. Jeremy will be moving to Brazil.
9. Jeremy and Peter celebrate the news by making a toast.

b. Complete the sentences with the words below. Then write who said them, Peter or
Jeremy.
offered • been doing • important • fantastic • to see you • the worst
1. : This weather is .
2. : What have you with yourself?
3. : It’s good .
4. : When you called this morning you said you had something
to tell me.
5. : They’ve just me a new job.
6. : That’s .
c. Read the next scene in “The Promotion” and circle the correct choices in the
statements below.
Peter: Wow, so when do you

leave? Jeremy: In two weeks.
Peter: Seriously? That’s really soon.
Jeremy: I know. But the company needs me to start right away. They’re in the middle of a
big project, and the deadline is very tight.
Peter: How will you move your whole family in just two weeks?
Jeremy: I’ll go first, and my wife will come with the baby about a month later. We’ve
actually packed a lot already.
Peter: We’ll really miss you at the office, but good luck. It sounds like an
amazing opportunity!
Jeremy: Thanks. I’ll miss you guys too. But it is a great opportunity. It’ll be an interesting
experience, and I’ll get to practice my Spanish!
1. Jeremy will be starting his new job in two weeks/a month.

2. Jeremy has/has not started packing.
3. Peter wishes Jeremy goodbye/good luck.
4. Jeremy will/won’t miss Peter and the rest of the team.
5. Jeremy knows/doesn’t know some Spanish.

The Singer
a. Read the four sentences about the characters in “The Singer”. What do they tell us
about these people? Match them to the four statements below.
1. Cindy thought she wasn’t good enough to sing at the concert.
2. Cindy’s mother encouraged her to sing in the school concert.
3. Cindy wished she could sing one day in the concert.
4. Cindy’s voice was deep and full.
a. She had a dream.
b. She sang beautifully.
c. She wasn’t sure of herself.
d. She believed that Cindy was a good singer.
b. Mark everything that will probably happen next to Cindy. Then write your
own continuation of the story.
1. The students will clap.
2. Cindy will not sing in the school concert.
3. Cindy will get the main part in the school concert.
4. Cindy’s mother will tell Cindy to try harder.
5. Cindy will never sing again in public.
6. Mara will be jealous of Cindy.
7. The other students will tell Cindy how well she sang.
c. Share your story with a partner.

d. Find one word in the story to describe each of the following.
1. How Cindy felt about singing in public:
2. How Cindy felt in the morning of the trials:
3. How some of the other students sounded at the trials:
4. Cindy’s voice: and
5. Cindy’s size:
6. How the music teacher described Cindy’s singing:
7. How the students were when Cindy stopped singing:
e. Use the words below to write sentences about the story.
A B C
The auditorium let her sing powerfully
One by one, the students was deserted as if under a spell
Cindy’s teacher sang onto the stage
Cindy seemed anything she liked
The audience climbed at first
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Assignments
ta.dWoehsaeach person in “Assignments” do? Circle the correct answers.
1. The girl / boy asks for an assignment.
2. The girl / boy hands her his assignment.
b. Mark the correct answer to each question.
1. In which sentence is the person asking for something?”
“Do you have that history assignment from last week?”
“Is this what you need?”
“Here it is.”
2. In which sentence is the person giving something?
“No, that’s not what I meant.”
“Do you have that history assignment from last week?”
“Here it is.”

c. Jim has a dream. He wants to be an actor. He has decided to study at a drama school.
He goes to the school office to register for his courses. Read the dialogue and write
the underlined sentences from the dialogue in the correct category below.
Jim: I’d like to apply to study at your school. Do you have an application form for
me? Secretary: Yes, I do. Here’s a form for you to fill in.
Jim: Thanks. Is it true that I have to pass an audition, too?
Secretary: Yes, that’s right. Take this list of telephone numbers. Call Mr. Black, the first-year
acting teacher. He’ll tell you what to do.
Jim: OK. I’ll do that. There’s one more thing. Could I please have a student card?
Secretary: You have to pay the registration fee first. That’ll be $50, please.
Jim: Do you accept checks?
Secretary: A check is fine. Can you just sign the back of the check, please?
Jim: Sure.
Secretary: That’s fine. Here is your student card.
Asking for something
Giving something

Conditionals: Unreal
a. Read each sentence in italics. Mark the sentence that has the same meaning.
1. If I had $15,000, I would buy a new car.
I bought a new car and it cost me
$15,000. I will definitely buy a new car
next month.
I wish I had enough money to buy a new car.
2. If she weren’t so tired, she’d go to the party.
She will go to the party even though she is
tired. She won’t go to the party because she is
tired. She was tired of going to parties.
3. He’d get to work on time if he had a car.
He didn’t have a car, so he didn’t get to work on time.
He gets to work on time because he has a car.
He doesn’t have a car, so he doesn’t get to work on time.
b. Ivan and Claire are talking about their dreams and ambitions with their
teachers. Complete the dialogues with the correct phrases from the banks.
If you practiced more • If I weren’t studying so hard • If I could play • professional tennis
Teacher: Ivan, what is your dream?

Ivan: , I would be so happy.
Teacher: Well, you are quite good at tennis. ,
you could improve. Sports mean a lot of hard work.
Ivan: I know. The problem is my schoolwork. ,
I would have more time to practice.

My parents would pay If you studied something else

If you had to choose a job If only I had $10,000
Teacher: , what would you choose, Claire?

Claire: I would choose to be a doctor. The problem is that university studies are very
expensive. if they could,
but they don’t have a lot of money. , I could afford
to study medicine.
Teacher: , it wouldn’t cost so much.
c. Complete the following sentences to explain what is really true.
1. If they were here means that they are .
2. If Sandra had time means that she .
3. If Tom were studying medicine means that he .
4. If I exercised every day means that I .
5. If Diane knew the truth means that she .
d. Complete these sentences about yourself.
1. I would be happier if I were .
2. If I could , I would earn more money.
3. If I had enough money, I .
4. If I could choose any job, I .
e. Share your answers to activity d. with a partner.

Unit 6
Money Matters
Quiz
ae.mDeomyboeur rthe radio program in the computer lesson? What kind of program was it?
Mark the correct answer.
1. A radio news broadcast

2. A TV soap opera
3. A radio quiz show
4. A TV competition
b. Mark the true sentences.
1. The radio quiz show is on every day.

2. The radio quiz show is always about composers.
3. Today, there were two participants on the show.
4. The prize was tickets to the Symphony.
5. The announcer asked each participant three questions.
6.The winner was Cee Cee Rondeau.

c. After the show, Susan writes an e-mail to a friend, telling her about what happened. Fill
in the missing words or phrases. Choose from the words below.
two parts • Symphony • quote • weekly quiz show • deaf • remembered • participants •
Composers • winner • never mind • announcer
From: Susan
To: Katy
Subject: I’m a Winner!
Hi Katy,
You’ll never believe what happened! I’ve just won a contest. It’s the first time I’ve
ever won anything. Here’s what happened.
Last night I participated in a (1) called “Know Your
(2) .” I was one of two (3)

on this week’s show. The (4) asked me a question with
(5) He asked which composer was deaf and who was this
composer’s first music teacher? I answered Beethoven and Beethoven’s father. Both
answers were correct.
Next, the announcer read us a (6) and asked us who

said it. It went like this: “When you play, (7) who listens to
you.” I was about to say the answer, when I forgot the composer’s name! Luckily,
I
(8) it in time, and answered Robert Schumann, which
was correct.
Then the announcer said I was the (9) ! I couldn’t believe

it. The prize is two tickets to the (10) . Do you want to
go with me?
Let me know soon!

Best,
Susan

Get Your Money’s Worth

a. Do you remember the article, “Get Your Money’s Worth”, in the computer lesson? What
is it about? Mark the correct answer.
1. A furniture store
2. Advice for shoppers
3. A magazine for shoppers
b. Match the descriptions to the names .
1. Quality Bargains a. The manager of a furniture store

2. Edith Shaw b. A regular column in a newspaper
3. Tim Wright c. A writer for a magazine
4. Customers Come First d. A furniture store
c. Complete the information about the store by circling the correct words.
Quality Bargains is a (1) clothing / furniture store that is suited to people who (2) have /
don’t have a lot of money to spend. You can buy (3) second-hand / brand-new items
there and the store offers you a ten-year (4) down payment / guarantee on all purchases.
The (5) deal / delivery is free of charge and you don’t have to pay for the (6) item / sale in
one cash payment. Quality Bargains offers you good (7) quality / budget at prices you (8)
can afford / can’t afford.
d. According to the article, what are the two most important things people look for
when they buy items like furniture? Mark the correct answers.
1. Something that is second-hand and inexpensive

2. Something that is luxurious and expensive
3. Something that suits their budget
4. Something that is on sale
5. Something that is good quality
e. According to Edith Shaw, what important information should you know about sales? Mark
the correct answer.
1. You always get your money’s worth.

2. Sale items are delivered for free.
3. The items on sale are always good quality.

4. The stores often raise the prices of sale items before they put them on sale.
f. Write the following words in the correct column.
products • purchases • consumers • items • buyers • customers
People who buy Things they buy
g. Replace the underlined words and expressions with ones from the bank below. Write
the new sentences on the lines given.
customers • don’t have enough money • don’t have much • recommended

that they can afford • thinking about • value for your money • with limited
budgets
1. Customers usually look for prices that are reasonable.
2. She suggested that we buy at Quality Bargains.
3. People without a lot of money should buy there.
4. Buyers can get bargains there.
5. We are considering buying some new furniture.
6. If you are short of cash, you can pay in payments.
7. We can’t afford to buy expensive furniture.
8. This is a place where you get your money’s worth.

The Raise
a. Do you remember the dialogue, “The Raise”, in the computer lesson? Answer
these questions about it.
1. What is the relationship between the two speakers?

2. What did the speaker ask the boss about?
3. Did the speaker get what she wanted?
4. What exactly did she want?
5. Will she accept the boss’ offer?
b. Which sentences from the dialogue report what happened? Mark the correct answers.
1. I spoke to the boss about a raise today.
2. She offered me a ten percent raise.
3. Do you intend to accept the offer?
4. I haven’t decided yet.
c. Match the words from the two columns to form expressions from the dialogue. Then use
the expressions to complete the following report. Make the necessary changes.
1. accept a. in mind
2. offer b. an offer
3. have c. a raise
1. When I told my boss that I wanted to leave my job, she .

2. The amount she offered was not what I .
3. I don’t think I will .

d. Complete the following dialogue by adding Annie’s answers. Choose from the
sentences below.
Yes, definitely. They have only the best quality clothing there.
I got a pair of jeans and two sweaters.
I went shopping for clothes at that new store, Best Bargains.
They were really reasonable.
Gail: What did you do yesterday afternoon?

Annie: (1)
Gail: Oh, yes. I’ve heard of it. Is it a good place to go clothes shopping?
Annie: (2)
Gail: What were the prices like?
Annie: (3)
Gail: So what did you buy?
Annie: (4)
e. Write a dialogue between you and a friend. Write about shopping for something
familiar, such as food, furniture, clothes, or music CDs. You ask the questions and your
friend reports what happened.
You:
Your friend:
You:
Your friend:
You:
Your friend:
You:
Your friend:
f. Practice your dialogue with a partner.

Reported Speech: Time Aspects

a. Who said the following? Choose between: a salesperson and a customer.
Then answer the questions below.
1
“Everything is on sale, just for today. We want to sell all our winter clothes as
fast as possible. You can get some wonderful bargains. We have never had
such a sale! You won’t find a sale like this again for a long time.”
2
“She told me that everything was on sale, just for that day. They wanted
to sell all their winter clothes as fast as possible. She said I could get
some wonderful bargains. They had never had such a sale! She reminded
me that I wouldn’t find a sale like that again for a long time.”
b. Which speaker in activity a. uses reported speech?
c. Underline the words that speaker 2 uses which mean the same as those underlined in 1.
d. Match the ends of the sentences in B to the beginning of the sentences in A.
A B
ta.I tchoauld pay for it in three
Last night I participated in a radio quiz
payments.
show. I didn’t think...
I wanted to buy some new furniture at a that the sale items were all great
bargains, but they weren’t.
reasonable price. I asked a friend...
I was looking for a new sweater. I asked which store she recommended
the saleswoman... and she suggested Quality
Bargains.
I didn’t want to pay for the new TV set in
one payment. Luckily the store manager that I would win, but I did.
agreed...
if they had any winter clothes in
I was disappointed in this year’s sale. The the store.
ads claimed...
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

e. Which sentence accurately reports what each person said? Mark the correct sentence.
1. Glen said, “I wonder who won the TV quiz show last night.”
a. Glen wonders who will win the TV quiz show tomorrow night.
b. Glen wondered who had won the TV quiz show the night before.
c. Glen wondered who would win the TV quiz show the previous night.
2. Jane said, “I don’t think I will buy this furniture because it’s too expensive.”
a. Jane said she hadn’t thought she would buy this furniture because it will be
too expensive.
b. Jane said she doesn’t think she will buy that furniture because it was too expensive.
c. Jane said she didn’t think she would buy that furniture because it was too expensive.”
3. My boss asked, “Why do you want such a big raise?”
a. My boss asked me why I wanted such a big raise.

b. My boss wanted to know why did I want such a big raise.
c. My boss asked me why I had wanted such a big raise.
4. Kevin said, “I didn’t know about the sale because I hadn’t seen the ad in the paper.”
a. Kevin said he doesn’t know about the sale because he hasn’t seen the ad in the paper.
b. Kevin said he didn’t know about the sale because he hasn’t seen the ad in the paper.
c. Kevin said he hadn’t known about the sale because he hadn’t seen the ad in the paper.
f. Read the conversation between Betty and Pam. Then complete the report of the conversation.
Betty: Have you been to the sale at the furniture store?

Pam: I went there yesterday.
Betty: What are the prices like?
Pam: They are offering very reasonable prices, and they will accept a twenty percent
down payment on all purchases.
Betty: I must go there right away!
Betty asked Pam if she (1) to the sale at the furniture

store. Pam answered that she had been there (2)
. Betty wanted to know what
the prices (3) like.
Pam told her that they (4) very reasonable prices and that they
(5) a twenty percent down payment on all
purchases. Betty said that she (6) go there right away.

Intermediate 2 Unit 6 Intermediate 2 Unit 7
Unit 7
Politics
News
a. Do you remember the computer lesson? What did you listen to? Mark the correct answer.
An interview with a political candidate

A weekend weather report
A news update on local election
results A live report from a press
conference
b. Read the two radio items below. Decide what each one is. Choose from the box.
a news update on election results • a commercial for the Liberal

Party a soap opera • a live report from a press conference
1. “The latest election results are in. It is now official. The Conservative Party has lost the
election. The announcement was made a few minutes ago.”
2. “We are here in the Liberal Party headquarters. The room is packed with reporters from all
the newspapers. The Liberal candidate is now answering a question about the crime law.”

c. Who is who? Mark the name that matches the information.
TED NANCY ROSA
1. Is the Liberal candidate
2. Is the Conservative candidate
3. Interviewed Schmidt before the election results were in
4. Was defeated in the local elections
5. Reported that Schmidt thought he would win
6. Had been against the crime laws
7. Had promised to propose a new crime law
8. Held a press conference after winning the local elections
9. Believed Schmidt probably lost because of the crime law
10. Had been in favor of the crime law
d. Write a short newspaper report about each of the two candidates in the election. Use
the sentences from activity c.
e. Rewrite the sentences, replacing the underlined phrases with the phrases below.
an important topic • even though he had voted •

suggested who people think committed • was
defeated in
1t.hHeeeleocstion.
2. The crime law was a key issue in the election.
3. She proposed a new crime law.
4. She wants to investigate politicians suspected of crimes.
5. He thought he would win in spite of his vote agains the crime law.

Brown’s Campaign Problems

a. Answer these questions about “Brown’s Campaign Problems”.
1. Who is Mr. Brown?
2. What happened in his office yesterday?
3. Why is he so nervous?
b. Fill in the blanks to complete this description of the situation. Use the words below.
arson • campaign • candidate • defeat • elected • fight • improve •

murder resign • suspect • threats • voters
Mr. Brown is the (1) of the Liberal party in this election. In his election
(2) he has said that if he is (3) , he will (4)
crime and (5) education. After the recent fire, he spoke to (6)
and said that he would not (7) from politics, despite the personal
(8) against him, such as the fire in his office.
Both Mr. Brown and the police (9) that the fire was a case of
(10) . Mr. Brown believes that it was more than that. He thinks that
someone wanted to (11) him and in that way to (12)
the Liberal Party in the election.

c. Read the notes that the reporter took when he went to the scene of the crime. Then
write a short report of the event. Use the connectors: because, however.
Event: fire
Time: Yesterday - 2 o’clock
Location: office of the Liberal candidate, Mr.
Result: Brown no one hurt – out to lunch at
Reason: the time police not sure - Brown worried
– someone wants to kill him - election
campaign
d. Read this script of a TV news report to find out what happened. Then answer
the questions below.
This is Jack Cage with an update on the Brown case.

This morning, while they were keeping a close watch on the building in which Liberal
candidate, James Brown, is now working, two policemen noticed a man who was wearing a
long gray jacket despite the extremely hot weather. The police became even more suspicious
when the man started to look nervously around him. When they stopped him and asked him
to open his jacket, they discovered that he was concealing a small bomb. After the bomb
squad had safely dealt with the bomb, the man was taken in for questioning.
The man, Joe Lynch, admitted that he had set fire to Brown’s office the day before. He
claimed that he had never wanted to hurt anyone, but had just wanted to stop the
Liberals from winning the election.
1. Were the police right that someone had set fire to the office? Yes / No
2. Was Mr. Brown right that someone was trying to kill him? Yes / No
3. Was Mr. Brown right that someone was trying to defeat the Liberal party? Yes / No
e. Fill in a suitable connecting word or phrase in each space. Choose from the words
below. Use capital letters when necessary.
because • despite • fortunately • however • in my opinion
1. A reporter interviewed Mr. Brown after Joe Lynch was arrested and asked him what he
thought. Mr. Brown answered, “ , he is guilty.”
2. Mr. Brown was afraid that someone was trying to kill him. his fear,
Mr. Brown continued working.
3. , no one was hurt in the fire. This was
Mr. Brown and his staff weren’t in the office at the time.
4. The police didn’t have any evidence that someone was attempting to murder Mr. Brown.
, they still sent policemen to keep a close watch on the
building where he was working.

New Manager
a. Do you remember the dialogue, “New Manager”? What were they talking about? Mark
the correct answers.
1. Office politics
2. Somebody being fired
3. Somebody being hired
b. The speakers were not pleased about the situation. Copy two sentences from the
dialogue in which they express their displeasure.
c. Complete these sentences that express displeasure by filling in the missing word in
each one. Use the words below.
unhappy • believe • don’t like • pleased
1. I can’t that the boss has hired someone else instead of me!
2. I’m really about what he did.
3. I’m not with the way he did it – why didn’t he discuss it with me first?
4. I the idea of hiring outside people.
d. Which of the sentences express displeasure?
1. I’m surprised that you didn’t get the job.
2. I was surprised when I got the new job.
3. I didn’t like the way that the new manager spoke at the meeting.

e. Read the dialogue and underline the expressions of displeasure. Then answer
the questions that follow.
Dave: Did you hear the news? The boss promoted Johnson to the position of sales
manager. Sergei: Of course I heard. And I’m not very happy about it.
Dave: Yeah, I’m sure. Didn’t he promise you that job?
Sergei: Yes, he did. I’m really surprised that he did something like
that. Dave: I’m not pleased about it either. You’d be a better
manager.
Sergei: Thanks. But why didn’t the boss didn’t tell me about it first? Why did I have to hear
about it from Johnson?
1. Who got the job of sales manager?

2. Who thought he was going to get that job?
3. Who told Sergei about the promotion?
54
Reported Speech: Review

ta.mWighhat people say in an election campaign office? Match the speech bubbles
to the correct pictures.
THE CAMPAIGN OFFICE

They asked me how
much food we wanted
for the post-election
party tonight.
a.
1 Bob warned us The police said he’d
that we would lose been stealing from
the election. the campaign funds.
d.
c.
b.
The boss said I had to
give out all these
flyers by lunchtime!
2
I would like to know

why you are not
working!
e.
3 4
5
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

b. Complete the dialogue. Use the words below.
chances are good • his speech was successful • our party is going to win
spoke well about all the key issues • the election campaign is going
the public thinks of our candidate’s last speech • who will win
Jessie: I wonder how (1) .
Do you think (2) ?
Lucy: I can’t say (3) . The campaign manager
thinks our (4) . He says it depends on what
(5) .
What did you think of his speech? Do you think (6) ?
Jessie: I believe he (7) .
c. Read what Liberal candidate James Brown said after he won the election. Then write
a report of his statements.
1. “A few weeks ago I was not sure I would win the election.”
2. “Somebody tried to murder me by starting a fire in my office.”
3. “I will fight for free education for all children.”
4. “Are you ready for the changes?”
1. Mr. Brown admitted that .
2. He claimed that .
3. He promised that .
4. Then he asked the audience .

Unit 8
Instructions
Forecast
a. Do you remember the radio program you heard in the computer lesson? What is it
about? Mark the correct answer.
1. Where to shop for new furniture

2. How to decorate your house
3. How to get your house ready for winter
4. Why you should repaint your house
5. How to prepare your house for summer
b. Answer the questions about the program.
1. What is the name of the program?

2. What is the name of the host (the man who invites people to the show)?
3. What is the name of the guest?

4. What other name does the guest have?

c. Who does what on the program? Write the name of the person.
1. introduces the guest.

2. gives advice about getting the house ready for winter.
3. tells about something he forgot to do.
4. asks listeners to join him next week.
d. What do the listeners get advice about? Mark the correct answers.
1. The furnace
2. The windows
3. The doors
4. The floors
5. The roof
e. Write the sentences or phrases from the radio program that mean the same as
the following sentences.
1. Hank is going to give us ideas about how to prepare the house for winter.
2. What’s the first thing I need to do?

.
3. You should have your furnace cleaned and inspected.
4. Without heat in the winter, we would freeze.
5. Make sure that your roof is checked for leaks.
f. Match each sentence with the most suitable continuation. Choose from the
sentences below.
1. Have your roof checked for leaks.

2. Rain or snow would damage your ceiling.
3. Join us next week for more helpful hints.
a. We’ll have more advice on how to take care of your house.
b. That will make sure there is no water coming through.
c. Then you would need to redecorate the house.

Flight Information
a. Do you remember the text, “Flight Information”? Where might you find such a text? Mark
the correct answer.
1. On a train
2. In a hotel
3. In a home repair store
4. On an airplane
b. What is the purpose of this text? Mark the correct answers.
1. To give information about flight times

2. To describe the airport
3. To give directions for getting out of the airport
4. To explain why you have to declare everything you have bought
5. To tell people what to do before and after the plane lands
c. Put these instructions into the same order as in the flight information card.
a. You should have your travel documents ready for inspection if you want to
avoid waiting.
b. If you don’t see your suitcase at the baggage claim, please wait for it patiently.
c. We advise you to stay in your seat until the plane stops moving.
d. You must tell the customs inspector about all the things you bought without tax.
d. Which words go together? Complete the phrases with the words below.
items • card • inspection • claim
1. information
2. duty-free
3. baggage
4. customs

e. Read these “Travel Tips.” Underline sentences that are instructions. Circle sentences
that are explanations.
TRAVEL TIPS
By Tracey Morrison
If you are planning to travel abroad, read these

helpful tips. They will make your trip a lot easier.
• Have your travel agent check if you need a visa to enter the countries you want
to visit. If you do, apply for them a few months before you plan to leave.
• Make sure you have some foreign currency when you enter the country. It’s not
always possible to withdraw cash with your credit card, especially when banks are
closed.
• Always double-check your flight times and hotel bookings a few days before
you leave. There may be changes you don’t know about.
• When you pack your suitcase, prepare for all kinds of weather. Take clothing
that is comfortable and practical.
• Take light hand luggage on the plane with you. Remember that YOU have to carry it!
• Always keep a list of important phone numbers on you. It’s a good idea to
include the phone number of your hotel, car rental service, foreign embassy
and travel agent, and any other useful emergency numbers.
f. Write three more travel tips. Each tip should consist of an instruction followed by an
explanation.
1.
2.
3.

g. Which of the following sentences offer good advice, according to the article?
1. You can apply for a visa just before you leave.
2. It’s useful to arrive in a new country with local money.
3. Book your hotel when you arrive in the country you are visiting.
4. Flight times are sometimes changed, so check them.
5. You are advised not to carry heavy hand luggage.
6. If you think it will be hot in the country you are traveling to, pack only light
summer clothing.
7.Be prepared for emergencies by keeping a list of important phone numbers with
you.
h. Complete the sentences according to the information you are given in the article.
1. If you want to make sure that you get your visa in time for your trip,
2. Pack different kinds of clothing in order to .
3. There may be changes in your flight or hotel bookings, so it is a good idea to...

Would You Mind

a. Do you remember the dialogue in the computer lesson? Answer the following questions.
1. How many polite instructions does the woman give?
2. What is the man’s reaction to these instructions?
He agrees to follow them. / He refuses to follow them.
3. Where is the picture they are talking about?
on the wall / on a computer screen
b. What is the person expressing in each sentence below? Mark the correct column.
Giving a polite Receiving a

instruction polite instruction
1. Would you mind making the picture a little larger?
2. Sure. Is this what you had in mind?
3. Could you put the picture in the middle?
4. Is this what you wanted?
5. No problem.
cy.isMmaroving to a new house. Joe, the man from the moving company, is
delivering her furniture. Read what they say and answer the questions that follow.
Mary: Would you mind carrying the sofa over to that corner?
Joe: Sure. Is this where you want it?
Mary: Uh, no. Could you move it over to the other side of the
room? Joe: OK. How’s this?
Mary: That’s great. Would you please put these boxes into the
bedroom? Joe: No problem. Is there anything else you want
done?

Mary: No, that’s it. Thank you.

1. How many instructions does Mary give?
2. Which items does Mary ask Joe to move?
3c.leCtihr e correct form in the following sentences.
a. Would you mind carrying the sofa/ to carry the sofa?
b. Could you moving it / move it to the other side of the room?
c. Would you please putting / put these boxes into the bedroom.
d. Imagine that you are cooking a meal. A friend has come over and is helping you.
Complete the dialogue by giving your friend polite instructions. Use the verbs in brackets
in their correct forms.
You: (1) (give) that knife,
please? Your friend: Sure. Is this the one you wanted?
You: Yes, that’s it. (2) (cut) the vegetables, please?
Your friend: OK. Do you want me to cut them into small pieces?
You: Yes. That’ll be great. (3) (get) that
big bowl from the cupboard?
Your friend: Is this the one you had in mind?
You: No, not that one. Try the other cupboard.
e. Practice your dialogue with a partner.

Causatives/Permissives: Review
a. Mark the sentence that is closest in meaning to the first sentence.
1. Dick will check the roof next week.
a. Dick will ask someone to check the roof.
b. Dick will check the roof himself.
c. Dick will let someone check the roof.
2. Betty is going to get her furnace repaired.
a. Betty will fix the furnace by herself.
b. Betty won’t have the furnace repaired.
c. Betty will arrange for someone else to fix her furnace.
3. After the rain leaked into the house, Susan made the handyman fix the roof again.
a. She insisted that the handyman fix the roof.
b. She fixed the roof herself.
c. She hoped the handyman would fix the roof.
4. At the beginning of every winter, Mr. Thompson lets his son fix the furnace.
a. Mr. Thompson fixes his furnace.
b. Mr. Thompson’s son fixes the furnace.
c. Mr. Thompson makes his son fix the furnace.
b. Complete these sentences by filling in the correct words. Choose from: made, got, let.
1. David wanted to paint the house by himself, but Rita wanted to help him, so he
her paint one room.
2. I didn’t know how to fix the roof, so I a handyman to do it for me.
3. The handyman didn’t do a good job the first time, so I him do it again.

c. Mom has gone out for the evening and has left a list of instructions about what she
wants the family to do by the time she gets home. Write her instructions from this list.
Mom’s List:
John: 1. cook / dinner

2. change / light
bulb Lucy: wash /
dishes
Pete and Lucy: do / homework
Pete: clean / room
Mom’s Instructions:
Hi everybody,
Please make sure to do these things. See you later.
John, please get the (1) .
I’d also like the (2) in the
bathroom (3) .
Lucy, I want the (4) after dinner.
Pete and Lucy, please get your (5) .

Pete: I would like your (6) .


Unit 9
Recycling
Introduction
a. Complete the dialogue about recycling with the words below. There are more words
than you need.
containers • donate • label • plastic • recycle • workshop
Jva,nweth: atEdo you do with old clothes you don’t want anymore?
Eva: Well, I usually (1) them to an organization that collects
clothing. Janet: But what about clothes that are too dirty or have holes?
Eva: There are a few options. There are special (2) you can put them in.
They (3) the clothes that can’t be worn anymore and use them to make
new things.
Jeallye?t:I hRaven’t seen those containers. What do they look like?
Eva: They are blue and have a (4) that says ‘clothing’ on it. There is
one near my house. It is right next to the container for (5) bottles.

tb.areWthhae meanings of these prefixes? Complete the table with the correct
meanings from the list below.
again • before • below • decrease in value • improve • many • one • self • together •
two
Prefixes Meaning Example
1. auto- autobiography
2. bi- bi-weekly
3. co- cooperate
4. down- downcycle
5. mono- monolingual
6. multi- multipurpose
7. pre- precaution
8. re- reuse
9. under- underpaid
10. up- upcycle
c. Complete the sentences with the correct words from activity b. You may need to
change the form of the words.
1. We try to plastic bags, rather than throw them away.

2. I went to an workshop where we made mosaics.
3. Our entire town in the recycling effort.
4. Make sure you wear safely glasses as a when you work with metal.
. Th5e school has a recycling event where students bring in
recyclables twice a month.

City of Lakeview Recycling Tips

a. In this lesson you read about some recycling tips. Here is a poster with more
recycling tips. Read the poster and complete the activities that follow.
Water
Did you know you can also recycle water at home? Collect rainwater and bathwater
and use it to water your garden! Doing this will help save this important natural
resource and not waste it!
Composting
Not everything needs to go into the garbage can! If you gather natural materials like
fruit and vegetable peels, cut grass, and egg shells for your compost heap, you will
end up with good quality fertilizer for your garden…and it’s free!
Electronics
If you have an unwanted electronic device, donate it to an electronics store. If they can’t
repair it, at least they can reuse the parts and it won’t end up in a landfill. Many areas also
have organizations that collect old cellphones and computers and donate them to schools
and centers for senior citizens.
b. What effects do these actions have, according to the poster?
1. Collecting rainwater… .
2. Creating a compost heap… .
3. Donating unwanted electronics… .
c. What objects does the poster suggest you should compost?

Trash for Treasure

a. Do you remember the video, “Trash for Treasure”? Complete the table.
Kevin Jamie Celia
1. Who is preparing to go to a trash for treasure swap?
2. Who makes homemade tomato sauce?
3. Who is giving an upcycling workshop?

4. Who says, “One person’s trash is another person’s
treasure.”?
5. Who doesn’t want to bring his/her own stuff to the swap?
b. Write an e-mail to a friend persuading them to come with you to a treasure swap.
Explain to them why it would be a good idea to go, and suggest what they can bring to
a swap.
Use the following phrases to help you:

Maybe you should come with me to the
swap. It’ll be a lot of fun.
You wouldn’t believe the great things people throw away!
Just imagine how much you would be able to find at the swap!
To:
From:
Subject: Treasure Swap
c. Exchange e-mails with a partner and discuss. Is your partner’s e-mail convincing?

Home Recycling Survey

a. Complete the interview you watched in the computer lesson with the words below.
There are more words than you need.
apartment • bins • cans • label • objects • recycle • survey •

upcycle
Interviewer: Hi. Do you mind answering some questions for a home recycling
(1) ?
Woman Sure, I always try and (2) as much as I can.
Interviewer: What (3) do you recycle?
Woman: Well I recycle paper, (4) , glass, and plastic bottles.
Interviewer: Do you have separate (5) for all of those at home?
Woman: Yes, my (6) building has four separate recycling bins.
Interviewer: That makes things easy! Great. Thanks.
b. In the dialogue, the woman mentions four separate recycling bins. What is
each recycling bin for?
c. Write your own survey on recycling. Think of five questions you can ask.
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
d. Use your survey from activity c. to interview a partner about their recycling habits.

An Upcycling Workshop
a. In the computer lesson, you read about an upcycling workshop. Read the following blog
post about upcycling.
Hi Everyone!
My name is Gina, and I’d like to share with you some of my latest upcycling
projects. I really try to upcycle most of my unwanted items, rather than throwing
them away. I’m sure there’s lots of stuff around your house that you can turn into
something useful and beautiful! For example, I clean out glass jars, decorate them
and use them as vases for my fresh flowers. I also use buttons from old clothes to
make jewelry like earrings and necklaces. Here is another idea my friend recently
gave me… use wrappers from snacks and candy bars to cover school books! You
can also use them
as wallpaper for your bedroom. Another idea is collecting bottle caps and using them
to replace missing pieces for board games. What are some of your upcycling ideas?
Please post them here!
b. How does Gina suggest people upcycle these items?

1. Glass jars:
2. Buttons:
3. Snack wrappers:
4. Bottle caps:
c. What do you think of Gina’s upcycling projects? Which of her projects would you
like to do? Why?
d. Exchange your upcycling ideas from activity c. with a partner.

Helping the Environment

a. The following materials were all mentioned in the lecture from the computer
lesson. Can you match the materials to the pictures?
glass bottles • newspapers • old clothes • paper towels • wooden

door

1. 2. 3.
4. 5.
b. What materials can you upcycle or downcycle to make these products?
Products Materials
1. wall hooks
2. a quilted blanket
3. a kitchen table
4. packing material

ec.arHeesrome sentences from the lecture. Match the ends of the sentences in B to
the beginnings of the sentences in A
A B
1. I'm sure you've all heard of recycling, a. by using them as rags to wash the
which is… floor.
b. making something new from
2. Unlike recycling, upcycling and
something that has already been
downcycling…
used before.
c. can go a long way in making our world
3. Upcycling results in products…
a better, greener place!
4. In North America in the 1930s and d. don’t always require the use of other
1940s… resources to create new products.
5. Downcycling usually only delays a e. it was not uncommon to see a broken
certain item's fate… door turned into a table.
f. from ending up in the garbage heap, as
6. You can downcycle old clothes…
opposed to preventing it.
7. A little creativity… g. of equal or even better quality.
d. Discuss with a partner the ways you can help the environment. Write a list of
materials that you can recycle, downcycle and upcycle.
Ideas for recycling:
Ideas for upcycling:
Ideas for downcycling:

Unit 10
Movie Making
Introduction
a. Complete the dialogue about movie making with the words below. There are more
words than you need.
costume designer • documentary • film set • makeup artist • shoot a movie • special effects
Noa: Hey, Angela, have you ever been on a (1) ?

Angela: No, I haven’t. Have you?
Noa: Yes! This weekend I visited my uncle. He is a (2) , so he
decides what all the actors should wear. He is working on a (3)
about life in the early 1800’s.
Angela: Cool! And he took you to see the film set?
Noa: Yes! I met some of the actors, and watched the (4) work.
Makeup can really make a person look different!
Angela: That sounds like fun. I want to visit a film set and see how they do the
(5) . I always wondered how they make things in the movies
look so real!

b. Mark whether the following sentences describe actions which were completed in
the past, or actions which went on continuously in the past.
Sentence Continuous Action Completed Action
1. The actor finally learned his lines.
2. During the movie, the power suddenly

went out.
3. The film crew was waiting for
the director to arrive on the film
set.
4. They filmed the documentary in Africa.
5. I saw the new feature film in a theater

last week.
6. The director was talking to the
producer on the film set.
c. Write an example sentence of each kind of action using the correct form of the past.
1. An action which was continuous:
2. An action which was completed:
d. Complete the sentences by circling the correct form of the past tense.
1. The actor ate/was eating his lunch when the director walked/was walking in.
2. While we were reviewing/reviewed the script, coffee was spilling/spilled all over the papers.
3. Did you see/Were you seeing any good movies at the film festival?
4. I was walking/walked to the audition, when it started/was starting to rain.
5. Lucy wasn’t asleep at two o’clock in the morning because she practiced/was practicing
her lines.
6. I didn’t study/wasn’t studying costume design in film school.

Real Motion Film Festival

a. Do you remember reading about Real Motion Film Festival? After the festival, the
winners of the film festival were announced. Read the announcement, and complete the
activities that follow.
The Results for this year’s REAL MOTION FILM FESTIVAL are in!
The moment you have all been waiting for has finally arrived! We had a lot of really
talented filmmakers this year. Our panel of producers, directors and film students didn’t
have an easy time choosing from the finalists! After a lot of review, the panel finally chose
the winners. And here they are…
THE WINNERS
Award for Best Drama
The Award for Best Drama goes to Miguel Martin from Argentina for his moving film
called “Story of a Boy”. The 90-minute film shows a day in the life of an eight-year old
boy who lives on a farm.
Award for Best Comedy

The Award for Best Comedy goes to Wendy Sela from Australia for her hilarious film,
“No Room for Three” about three neighbors who can’t seem to get along. The
audience and the judges were laughing throughout the entire 72-minute film!
Award for Best Documentary

The Award for Best Documentary goes to Dorian Caplin from France for her fascinating
film about marine life. “The Deep Blue Sea” is full of real images of all different kinds of
colorful sea life. Dorian filmed the whole 45-minute documentary herself while under
water.

b. Write three important details that we learn about each of the winning films of the Real
Motion Film Festival.
Story of a Boy:
1.
2.
3.
No Room for Three:

1.
2.
3.
The Deep Blue Sea:

1.
2.
3.
c. Imagine you are one of the winners of the film festival. You need to give a speech
when you accept your award. What would you say? How would you feel? Who would
you thank? Write a short speech.
d. Practice the speech you wrote from activity c. with a partner.

On the Film Set

a. Do you remember the video from the computer lesson? Who said what in the scene?
Sentence Mel Ralph The Director
1. I assure you James, I intend to marry Alan!
2. I guess I'm a bit nervous
3. Don’t worry! Just relax.
4. This is all so different from stage acting.
5. I'm in the middle of my own screenplay.
6. OK. Places everyone. Scene 21, take 19! Action!
b. Ralph and Mel continue the conversation from the video. Complete the conversation.
actors • comedy • lines • produce • scene • take
Mel: I don’t know why it was so difficult to remember my (1) .

Ralph: It takes practice. And we finally got a good (2) , after so many!
Mel: Finally! I’m glad we finished that (3) ! You said you were working on
a screenplay, right?
Ralph: Oh yes, it’s a (4) . It’s a funny story about a family who lives on an island.
Mel: That sounds interesting. I hope you are able to (5) it one day!
Ralph: Me, too! Perhaps when that day comes you could be one of the (6) .
Mel: Maybe… if I can remember my lines!
c. Practice the completed dialogue from activity b. with a partner.

Working in the Movie Industry

a. Read the dialogue about working in the movie industry. Then, complete the activities
that follow.
Tony: Hey, Riana. So how do you like working on a film set?

Riana: It’s really interesting. I’m learning a lot about how much goes into making movies!
Tony: Which job do you most enjoy?
Riana: Well, that’s a tough question. I’ve always wanted to act... but now I think working
behind the scenes is more for me. I’d like to learn more about the technical side. I’d
love to be a camera operator or maybe a sound mixer.
Tony: I’m interested in script writing. I think it would be cool to be able to write the story
of a movie.
Riana: You would be good at that, Tony. You’re creative and a great writer!
b. Which of the following jobs in the movie industry do Tony and Riana mention in their
conversation from activity a.? Mark all that apply.
Camera operator
Actor
Sound mixer
Costume designer
Director
Script writer
c. Match the words in B to the words in A to complete the collocations.
A B
1. script a. mixer
2. costume b. question
3. tough c. writing
4. film d. operator
5. camera e. set
6. sound f. designer

The International Film School

a. Do you remember reading about a film school in the computer lesson? Read the
text chat below between two friends who are interesting in applying to the film
school.
Marina: Hey, Rose! Did you see the ad I sent you

for The International Film School? 5:14 p.m.
Rose: Yes! It looks like an amazing opportunity! Which program

are you interested in?
5:15 p.m.
Marina: I like the sound of Film Acting. It’s part of the

Bachelor of Fine Arts program.
5:15 p.m.
Rose: I think I’d prefer the One Year Certificate… Intro to

Filmmaking. Which campus do you want to study at?
5:16 p.m.
Marina: I think I’d like to go to Los Angeles! Maybe I’ll meet some people in
the movie industry… or maybe even some famous 5:17 p.m.
actors!
Rose: I’d really like to go to Madrid, if they have a campus

there. My cousin is a cinematographer in Madrid. That’s
how I became interested in filmmaking. I need to e-mail the
school and ask if they have a campus there.
5:18 p.m.
b. What do we learn about Marina and Rose from their text chat?
Marina Rose
1. Who wants to study in Los Angeles?
2. Who is interested in acting?
3. Who wants to study for a One Year Certificate?
4. Who has a cousin who is a cinematographer?
5. Who is going to e-mail The International Film School?

Digital Technology and the Movie Industry

a. In the podcast, Jim Herman explains how digital technology is changing the
movie industry. Match the phrases from B to the phrases from A to complete the
sentences.
A B
a. tedious and can be accomplished in a

1. It's now possible to…
fraction of the time.
b. a thing of the past, as movies are
2. It may not be accurate…
being made with computer software.
c. a huge advantage for young aspiring
3. In the early 1900s, …
moviemakers.
d. shoot a full-length feature film using a
4. Film is actually a…
smartphone.
e. light-sensitive celluloid material that
5. Today, film reels are becoming…
comes in 400-foot.
6. The editing process is also much less…
f. to use the word ‘film anymore.
7. Digital technology offers… g. movies were made with film reels.
b. Two friends are talking about what they learned from the podcast. Complete their
conversation with the words below.
feature • film • industry • moviemakers • reels • software • technology
Jon: Randy, did you listen to this week’s ‘Then and Now’ podcast
about digital technology in the movie (1) ?
Randy: Of course! Jim Herman was my professor in (2) school.
Jon: I had no idea you could shoot a full-length (3)

film with a smartphone!
Randy: I know. Technology has really come a long way. Working with computer
(4) makes things so much easier.
Jon: I didn’t realize that movies used to be made with such long film (5)
. Rofaensdsyo:r HPerrman knows a few (6)
who still use traditional film.
Jon: Really? In a few years I expect all movies will use digital (7) .

82
Intermediate 2 Appendix
APPENDIX
Lesson Texts

Unit 1
Buying A Car
Ad
Announcer: It’s the end-of-the-year sale, and here at Car City you’ll find fantastic bargains!
We have brand-new and used cars, economy-sized cars, and luxury models, all
at reasonable prices! Don’t make the same mistake that Ron Gardner made. He
bought a used luxury car somewhere else and isn’t satisfied with it. Ron, tell us
about it.
Ron: That’s right. My name’s Ron, and I just bought a used car about a week ago. If I
had come to Car City first, I could’ve bought the latest model of the same car at the
same price! And with extra features, too.
Announcer: Lara Davids, tell us about the wonderful deal you got at Car City.
Lara: Hi. I’m Lara! I just bought a brand-new Beamer Coyote. It’s so beautiful! It’s
automatic and has all the latest features! The best part is the price. I paid ten
percent as a down payment, and I’m paying the rest off in monthly payments.
When I told my sister about it, she said that she had just bought a car here, too,
and had gotten a really great deal. Everybody’s coming here, so if you don’t come
now, there won’t be any cars left!
Announcer: You heard it, folks. Car City is the place to buy cars. We guarantee you won’t
find a better deal anywhere!

Buying A Used Car

When buying a used car, the first rule is: Don’t go alone! Get a friend to go with you. Also, if
you decide to buy a car through a used-car dealer, try to have someone recommend a
good dealer.
Next, decide what kind of car you have in mind. Consider the different features that you’d
like your car to have. For example, do you want an automatic gearshift? Do you want the
latest luxury model, or something older?
When you have found a car you like, ask the dealer to let you drive it. Before you make up your
mind, you ought to have it checked by a mechanic. If he is satisfied with it, you can then start
bargaining with the dealer about the method of payment and price.
The Car
- Here it is. Only $5,000.
- Hmmm. This isn’t exactly what I had in mind.
- Well, I could lower the price to $4,000.
- No,... this just isn’t what I need.
- I could paint it for you. What color would you like?
- No. I’m sorry. This car simply isn’t what I wanted.
Conditionals: Real
- If I were president of this company, I would have everyone work only four days a week.
- If you don’t finish this, you won’t be working at all!

Cars
Word Definition Example Sentence
a car part that makes the

automatic I want to buy a car with an
car change from one gear
gearshift, n. automatic gearshift.
to another
The car broke down on the

break down,
to stop working way home, and they had to call
phrasal verb
their mechanic.
Greg bought his car from a

dealer, n. a person who sells cars
dealer in Chicago.
I’d rather have an economy-sized

economy-sized, adj. small, inexpensive to use
car than a big car.
The extra features include a DVD

special functions that are player in the backseat and a GPS
extra features, exp.
added to something to make it system, which tells you where
better to go.
Rick got a great deal on his new

great deal, exp. a bargain, a low price
car.
have work done, get something fixed or changed I’m having work done on my
exp. kitchen.
I have a car just like yours, but it’s

latest model, exp. newest version of a machine
the latest model.
When on vacation, we pay extra

luxury, adj. fancy, with all the comforts
to stay in a luxury hotel.
when oil drips out through a Please check to see if my car has
oil leak, n.
hole in something an oil leak.
the rubber that surrounds a car

tires, n. or bicycle wheel and is filled Gerard just put air in his tires.
with air
a car that was originally owned

used car, exp. I bought a three-year-old used car.
by someone else


Unit 2
Accidents
Be Careful!
Father: Fran! Look! I’ve found an old gramophone.
Daughter: Good for you Dad! How much do they want for
it? Father: Twenty pounds. Should I buy it?
Daughter: Yeah. Sure! Wait! You know you’re not supposed to carry things like that on your
own. You have a bad back.
Father: Fran, don’t worry. I can take care of myself.
Daughter: Be careful with that. I don’t want you to hurt yourself.
Father: Ow! Ow!
Daughter: Oh Dad!
Father: I hurt my back!
Daughter: I told you not to carry it by yourself.
Father: I need to lie down.
Salesperson: What happened? Is everything OK?
Daughter: My father, he hurt his back.
Salesperson: Oh no. I’ll go get help.
Daughter: Are you OK?
Father: I’ve been better.

Cliff Terror
Susan and Ellen had been looking forward to their first hiking trip with the University Outdoors
Club. Susan was a little afraid, however, because she had never gone hiking before.
“What if I’m too slow? I’ll be left behind, and get lost,” she said.
“Don’t worry,” answered Ellen. “If you get tired, I’ll have some other student carry you up the hill.”
The next day, the group left the city at 5 a.m. as planned. By the time they reached Canyon
Park, the sun had risen. They had been hiking for two hours when Susan said, “You were right.
Hiking is fun! If I had known how easy this would be, I wouldn’t have been so afraid.”
Suddenly Ellen realized that they had taken a wrong turn.
“Where are the other members of the Outdoors Club? I don’t see them anywhere. I think we’re
lost.”
“Oh, no! I knew I shouldn’t have come. Who’s going to rescue us? Imagine being here all night!”
“Take it easy, Susan. I didn’t get us lost on purpose.”
The girls arrived at a cliff, and saw an enormous pool of water.
Ellen hesitated and said, “Well, we can either go down by rope, or we can jump. Let’s use the
rope. I’m too scared to jump.”
“You? Afraid?!” exclaimed Susan. “You were the one who wanted to go on this hike. Let’s jump.
It’s too rocky and slippery to climb down.”
“Susan,” said Ellen, “I’ve never told you this, but I don’t know how to swim. I just can’t jump into
that water.”
Susan followed her friend unhappily down the cliff. They had just arrived at the bottom, when
suddenly she slipped and fell.
“Oh... my foot!” she cried. Ellen rushed to her side.
“Here. Let me have a look. It’s not bleeding. It’s only a minor injury.” But that didn’t stop Susan from
complaining.
“Ellen, if we get rescued and I recover from this, I will never listen to you again!”

Look Out!
- Look out for that little girl!
- I saw her.
- Are you allowed to ride your bike on the sidewalk?
- Of course. I do it all the time.
- You mustn’t ride so fast! You could hurt someone.
- It’s OK. I’m very careful.
Past Perfect: Progressive

- So, Bob, did you finally fix Betty’s TV?
- Don’t even ask! I had been working on it for three hours when she called and told me
that Peter had already fixed it for her.

Accidents
afraid, adj. scared, feeling fear I’m afraid of spiders.
to lose blood, to have blood If your knee keeps bleeding, I’ll

bleed, v.
flow out of your body take you to the hospital.
the edge of a mountain Be careful when you stand on

cliff, n.
the edge of a cliff.
get stuck, We got stuck in the broken

unable to move
phrasal verb elevator.
damage or hurt to your body, The doctor is checking to see if

injury, n.
such as a broken leg Tom has an injury.
when someone doesn’t take

If we don’t keep up with the
left behind, exp. you with them when they go
group, we’ll get left behind.
somewhere
to become healthy again after

recover, v. Jill will recover from her injuries.
being sick or injured
to save something or Casey rescued the kitten from

rescue, v.
somebody the tree.
rocky, adj. full of rocks and stones The mountain is rocky.
smooth or wet, a way to

slippery, adj. describe something that can The floor is slippery when it is wet.
cause someone to fall easily
take a wrong turn, If you take a wrong turn, you’ll

to go the incorrect way
exp. be late.
great fear I felt terror when they started

terror, n.
shooting.

Unit 3
Problems
Family
Hi, Marcy. This is Lori. Would you do me a favor? I’m really stuck. Could you pick up my
dress at the dry cleaners for me? I wanted to wear it to the party tonight. I was supposed to
get it this afternoon, but my car is still at the garage. The mechanic said that I needed to
have a lot of work done on it because of the accident. I’ve had new tires put on, they’ve
repaired an oil leak, and the brakes needed to be replaced. Thanks a lot. Bye.
A Foreign Affair
“Danny, are you ready yet?” asked Erica impatiently. “If you don’t hurry, we’re going to be late.”
Danny had just finished getting dressed. He was wearing a suit, just as he’d promised. He had
even agreed to wear a tie. Danny, a scientist, had never enjoyed formal parties, but now that his
wife had chosen a career in politics, he knew he’d have to attend lots of them.
“You look wonderful,” said Erica, quickly tying Danny’s tie. “Now if you’d only smile…”
“Yes, I know,” said Danny. “Smile and be polite.”
“Yes, and please don’t insult anyone this time, or spill your drink on them.”
“Hey, that wasn’t my fault. The host’s dog was chasing me, and I tripped. I can’t help it if I spilled
my punch on that woman’s dress.”
“That woman was the wife of the foreign minister! I’m just grateful she had a sense of
humor about it. My career could have been ruined.”
“Do you think that annoying reporter from “Chat Magazine” will show up again? Last time, he
kept asking personal questions and making bad jokes. If I run into him, I can’t promise what I’ll
say or do.”

Erica and Danny arrived at the party. They entered the room and were greeted by several
acquaintances.
Danny walked around the room. He heard some people gossiping, and others arguing
about the government and the next elections. He saw the reporter, but carefully avoided
him.
Everyone was shaking hands with each other and patting each other on the backs,
pretending to be friendly.
“I have nothing in common with these people,” Danny thought, as he tried to hold a conversation
with a wealthy businessman.
“Oh Danny, darling!” called Erica, who was talking to a tall, blonde woman. “Come say hello to
Ms. Medina.”
Danny looked up. “Uh oh,” he thought. Ms. Medina was the wife of the foreign minister. How
embarrassing! But Danny put on his best smile, and walked over.
“It’s lovely to see you again,” he told Ms. Medina, and put out his hand.
Ms. Medina smiled. Maybe you should put that down first,” she said, motioning to the glass in
Danny’s hand.
Danny blushed. “Yes,” he said. “I think that’s a good idea.”
Fried Fish
- Is this what you had in mind, sir?
- I’m sorry. This is not what I wanted. The fish is fried, not grilled.
- I’m terribly sorry. I believe that the cook was unable to grill the fish because the grill is broken.
- Could you bring me something else, perhaps?
- Yes, of course. Here’s the menu again.
Past Perfect: Simple

- Who was that?
- The XYZ company – they want their money.
- Did you tell them that I had already mailed the check?

- No, I told them the truth – that you hadn’t sent it yet.

Attending a Party
people who know each other a Joan is an acquaintance I know

acquaintance, n. little but are not friends from work.
to go to a party Mark attended a party for his

attend a party, exp.
friend’s birthday last night.
to put on clothes I barely had time to get

get dressed, v.
dressed this morning.
to talk about someone’s

Holly gossips about her friends all
gossip, v. personal business when he or
the time.
she is not there
have your hair to get someone to make your She’s going to have her hair done
done, exp. hair look nice before the party.
hold a I love to hold conversations with

to talk with someone
conversation, exp. interesting people.
to make people think you are You don’t have to impress

impress, v.
smart, good, or talented people; just be yourself.
when two people or things have We have many hobbies in

In common, exp.
a feature which is the same common.
to say something mean to

insult, v. His mean jokes insult people.
someone
part of the game, what goes along with Studying for tests is part of the
exp. participating in a certain activity game when you’re a student.
to meet by accident I ran into my old friend, Al, last

run into, phrasal verb
week.
to arrive, to be in attendance Don’t forget to show up to class

show up, phrasal verb
on time.


Unit 4
Helping Out
Welcome to the Neighborhood!

Eric: Hi, I’m Eric. Eric Johnson. I live upstairs, apartment
11. Steven: Hi, I’m Steven. Steven Harris.
Eric: Nice to meet you, Steven. You just moved in, right?
Steven: Yes, about two weeks ago.
Eric: Welcome to the
neighborhood. Steven: That’s very kind
of you.
Eric: Where are you from?
Steven: I’m from Chicago.
Eric: Really. I’ve always wanted to go there. Here, let me help you with that.
Steven: Thanks. Oh no.
Eric: What’s wrong?
Steven: It was supposed to be the number nine, not the number six.
Eric: No problem.
Steven: Ha! Thank you.
She Owes You a Favor

Barry was on his way to class in the morning, when he saw his friend Marcello.
“Hi, Barry,” Marcello said. “You look tired! Were you up all night working on your history
assignment?”
Barry shook his head. “If only I had been. You’ll never believe what happened to me last night. At
about one in the morning, while I was still working on my history paper, the phone rang.”

“Who was calling you at that hour?” Marcello asked.

“It was Alison. She said she had gotten stuck. Her car had broken down in the middle of the
highway,” Barry laughed. “She told me that she had tried to push it to the side of the road. She
sounded really worried. Being the nice guy that I am, I told her to take it easy, and that I would
be right there.”
“So, what did you do?”
“Well, she thought the problem was the brakes,” Barry explained, “so I took some
replacement parts. However, knowing Alison the way I do, I took two quarts of oil and a
gallon of gas, too.”
“She sure is lucky that her best friend is a mechanic,” Marcello said.
“Yeah, but it would have been better for me if she had gotten stuck after I had written the history
assignment,” Barry replied. “I didn’t get home until four in the morning! And the assignment is
due tomorrow.”
Marcello smiled. “Well, Alison is very good at history... and she does owe you a favor...”
Barry smiled, too. “You know what? You’re right!. I think I’ll call her right now!”
Let’s Go
- Hi, Steve. Would you mind helping me with the geography assignment?
- Sure, if I’m able to.
- Thanks. I don’t like studying in the library. It’s so noisy.
- I agree. It’s always cold here, too.
- Well...we could study in my room. It’s quiet there.
- OK. Let’s go.
Past Perfect: Review

-shWehfiennally called, I had been waiting for her for three hours. I had already called
the police because it had been snowing so badly all morning. But anyway, she’s fine.
Reported Speech: Statements and Questions

- This isn’t correct. Don’t you remember what Bob said?
- No, what did he say?
- He said he wanted ten boxes, not only five. And he asked if you would keep them here till

next month.

Home Repairs
a suggestion about what should I need some advice on what job

advice, n. be done to take.
to temporarily take something Can I borrow $100 until next

borrow, v.
from someone, with permission week?
to examine carefully Paul checked my tires to see

check, v.
if they needed air.
harm or injury (also a verb) There was a lot of damage done

damage, n.
to the car.
a machine used to heat a home The new furnace heats our house
furnace, n.
really well.
a person who fixes things Mike, the handyman, is fixing the

handyman, n.
sink in the bathroom.
a small piece of information

I’ll guess the answer if you give
hint, n. that helps someone figure
me a hint.
something out
We spent a lot of money last

home repairs, n. fixing of things in one’s house month on fixing the roof and
heater, and other home
repairs.
water or liquid that comes out of
leak, n. My car has an oil leak.
a hole in something (also a verb)
to change the way a place looks Shelly is planning to redecorate

redecorate, v.
her living room.
repair, v. to fix Did you repair the broken TV?
a new piece of machinery The mechanic ordered

replacement part, n.
that is used instead of an old replacement parts for my
piece car.


Unit 5
The Promotion
Jeremy: Peter! Sit.
Peter: This weather is the worst! What have you been doing with yourself?
Jeremy: Not much, Peter. It’s good to see you.
Peter: I haven’t seen you since that meeting with the marketing team we had... what’s it
been?
Jeremy: Two weeks?
Peter: When you called this morning you said you had something important to tell me.
Is it good or bad news?
Jeremy: Good news! They’ve just offered me a new job: a promotion.
Peter: A new job! That’s fantastic! Now, that’s great news! Congratulations!
Jeremy: Even better, the new job is in Brazil! Good bye rain. Hello sunshine!
The Singer
Cindy loved to sing, but she had never sung in public because she was too embarrassed. Every
year her mother encouraged her to sing in the school concert. Cindy wished she could be in
the concert, but she always assumed that she wasn’t good enough.
“Even if I tried, they wouldn’t accept me,” she thought.
But her mother insisted, so Cindy finally agreed to try.

On the Monday morning of the trials, Cindy was very nervous. She arrived at the auditorium
very early, while it was still deserted. Gradually the students began to arrive.
“Cindy, I didn’t know you could sing,” said her friend Mara.
“Well, I thought I might as well try,” said Cindy. “I don’t care whether or not I’m accepted.”
“Well, I do,” said Mara. “I intend to be in the concert this year. Mrs. Blake said that I had a very
good chance of getting the main part.”
One by one the students climbed onto the stage to sing for the music teacher. Some of them
sounded terrible. Cindy listened to all of them until it was her turn “Hello, dear,” said the music
teacher. “You may sing anything you like.”
Cindy sang. Although she was tiny, her voice was deep and full. She sang loudly and powerfully.
She forgot about all the other people in the auditorium.
When she had finished, the entire room was quiet. Everyone seemed as if under a spell.
“Cindy”, the music teacher said at last, “that was beautiful! You are a singer!”
Assignments
- Do you have that history assignment from last week?
- Yeah. Is this what you need?
- No, that’s not what I meant. I need the writing assignment.
- Oh, that one. Here it is. I hate writing assignments.
- I’m surprised you say that. I thought you wanted to be a writer.
- I do, but I want to be paid to write!
Conditionals: Unreal
- Dad, if we went to France on vacation for three months, I would really learn French!
- If we had enough money for that kind of vacation, we could get you a private teacher!

Adjectives 4
annoying, causing trouble Calculating income tax can be

bothersome, adj. very bothersome.
sounding low, usually to Frank sings with a beautiful, deep

deep, adj.
describe a voice voice.
empty of people After everyone left the party, the

deserted, adj.
place seemed deserted.
feeling sad when you didn’t get Jackie is very disappointed that
disappointed, adj.
what you expected she didn’t pass the test.
beautiful in a tasteful and She’s looking for an elegant

elegant, adj.
refined way dress to wear to the wedding.
having a rich quality, particularly The opera singer’s voice was

full, adj.
of a singing voice deep and full.
attractive and exciting Some people think that modeling

glamorous, adj.
is a glamorous career.
loud, adj. noisy, not quiet The TV is too loud!
not rude, acting nicely to people Polite people always say “please”
polite, adj.
and “thank you.”
not polite, saying or doing The bookshop owner was so

rude, adj. things not considered rude, I never want to go back to
acceptable by most people his store again.
extremely small I use a tiny bit of salt when I bake

tiny, adj.
cookies.
not easy; difficult It’s tough to find a job in

tough, adj.
today’s economy.


Unit 6
Money Matters
Quiz
Announcer: Good evening, listeners. Welcome to “Know Your Composers,” our weekly quiz
show where you get to show off what you know about famous composers. Our
participants tonight are Cee Cee Rondeau and Susan Philipson. And tonight’s
prize is two tickets to the symphony. OK ... here we go, and our first question
today is: How old was Mozart when he wrote his first symphony? ... Cee Cee?
Cee Cee: He was eight years old.
Announcer: You’re right! OK, now the next question has two parts. Which famous composer
was deaf and who was his first music teacher? ... Susan?
Susan: The composer was Beethoven and I believe his first music teacher was his father.
Announcer: Yes! You are both very good at this. Now, for the next question, I’m going to
read a quote and you have to tell me which composer said it. “When you
play, never mind who listens to you,” Cee Cee?
Cee Cee: Well, that sounds like something Leonard Bernstein might have said.
Announcer: I’m sorry, Cee Cee. That is incorrect...Susan?
Susan: Oh...What’s his name? Um...um...Robert Schumann!
Announcer: That’s right, Susan! You’re the winner of two tickets to the Symphony! That’s all
we have time for today, listeners. Please join us again next week for “Know Your
Composers.”

Get Your Money’s Worth

by Kim Watson
When people are considering buying items which they will have for a long time, such as
furniture, they want to get their money’s worth. This means that: 1) they want to buy
something they can afford, and 2) they want to be satisfied with their purchase.
However, people often have a problem when buying furniture. While customers look for
reasonable prices, they also look for the best quality products, and these two things don’t
always go together. The reason for this is that they don’t always know if something is a
bargain or not.
Last week, Edith Shaw, a writer for a popular consumer’s magazine, gave advice to buyers in
her column, “Customers Come First.” She recommended that people who wanted to buy
furniture that was both affordable and of good quality should go to places that offered bargains
all year long. She claimed that stores that offered great sales had most likely raised their prices
before putting the items on sale.
“People with limited budgets should consider buying at places like Quality Bargains. Buyers can
get brand-new inexpensive furniture there. It comes with a ten-year guarantee, and delivery is
free. Buyers pay less and get quality, and that’s a bargain.”
Quality Bargains’ manager, Tim Wright, says that their furniture is luxurious, the deals are
excellent, and they accept a twenty percent down payment on all purchases.
“If you came to Quality Bargains, your furniture problems would be solved,” says Mr.
Wright. Wherever you go, know that there are places where you can get your money’s
worth, even if you are short of cash.

The Raise
- I spoke to the boss about a raise today.
- I’m surprised that you did it before the big meeting.
- I wanted to see how important I am to the company. She offered me a ten-percent raise.
- Is that what you had in mind?
- Well, not exactly; what I wanted was twenty percent.
- Do you intend to accept the offer?
- I haven’t decided yet.
Reported Speech: Time Aspects

o- dTay I will meet with the Ambassador of Garland. We will continue the discussions
we began last week.
- Last night, Thomas Hardwick said that he would meet with the Ambassador of Garland. He
added that they would continue the discussions they had begun the previous week.

Finance
affordable, adj. not too expensive to buy My small car was very affordable.
something that is sold at I got a bargain when I bought my

bargain, n.
a reduced price house.
brand-new, adj. completely new Jan bought a brand-new car.
the first payment on an

The down payment was 20
expensive purchase that is being
down payment, n. percent of the value of the
bought using several payments,
house.
for example, a house or a car
When you buy things that are

get your money’s get a lot of value for the money
good quality, you get your
worth, exp. you spent
money’s worth.
a promise to do something,
a promise made by a This computer comes with a
guarantee, n.
company to fix or replace a two-year guarantee.
product if it breaks (also a
verb)
a series of payments that a
customer makes over time, I bought the car in eight
installments, n.
usually for an expensive item or installments.
items
a small amount of money that People with limited budgets

limited budget, exp.
you plan to spend over a time should check prices carefully.
I purchased four items at the

purchase, v. to buy
supermarket.
happy about how something They have many satisfied

satisfied, adj.
turned out customers.
I would’ve bought the shirt, but I

short of cash, exp. not having enough money
was short of cash.
She worked very hard and

wealthy, adj. rich
became a wealthy woman.

Unit 7
Politics
News
We’re back, and you’re listening to WNWS, your 24-hour news station. And now, here’s an
update on the election results.
Just a few hours ago, Conservative candidate Ted Schmidt was defeated in local elections for
the city council. In her live report earlier today, our reporter, Nancy King, pointed out that
Schmidt had been involved in the defeat of the new crime law proposed last year and stated
that this had probably hurt his chances in the election today. King spoke with Schmidt before the
vote was in and reported that Schmidt felt sure that he would win, in spite of his vote on the
crime law.
The winner, Liberal candidate Rosa Morales, spoke at a press conference just after hearing that
she had won. She was quoted as saying that Schmidt’s vote on the crime law was a key issue
in the election. Before the election, Morales had promised voters that she would propose a
new crime law if she were elected. In her speech just a little while ago, Morales stated that she
planned to investigate all politicians suspected of committing crimes.
You’re listening to WNWS. Stay tuned for the weekend weather report, coming up next.
Brown’s Campaign Problems

by John Sharp
Yesterday at two o’clock, a fire was reported in the office of James Brown, the Liberal candidate
for Northwood. Fortunately, Mr. Brown was out to lunch when the fire started.
Police believe that they are dealing with a serious crime, and arson is suspected.

However, an apparently worried Mr. Brown told reporters that he thought that someone had

tried to kill him. He said that someone wanted him out of the election campaign.
“If they had murdered me,” he said, “the Liberals would have had to elect a new candidate,
and they could have been defeated. Somebody definitely tried to murder me.” Mr. Brown
said that personal threats would not make him resign from politics, and he went out to meet
voters in the town later in the afternoon. He said that he would continue to campaign to
reduce unemployment, and that if elected, he would improve education and fight crime.
“In my opinion, unemployment, education, and crime are the most important issues we
have to deal with today. I plan to do something about these issues,” said Mr. Brown.
Despite Mr. Brown’s suspicions, local police officers said that there was no evidence to suggest
attempted murder.
However, they have opened an investigation, and are having the whole building searched for
clues. At the moment, Mr. Brown is using another office in a building across the street. Police
are keeping a close watch on the building.
New Manager
- Did you hear that Walker is hiring a new manager?
- Is he? I’m surprised that he would do that without discussing it with me first. Do you intend
to do something about it?
- Yes, I do. I intend to speak with him right away.
- I don’t like the idea of his hiring someone new from outside, when there are qualified people
right here in this office.
- Yes. I agree that we don’t need anyone new.
Reported Speech: Review

-erTry, John was here and he wanted to know where you were. He said that he was
leaving the books on your desk. He also said that he wanted you to call him at home.
- OK, Bob.

Politics
activities done to get a We had a very successful election

campaign, n.
candidate elected (also a verb) campaign.
a person trying to be elected

There are four candidates for
candidate, n. to a position, for instance,
the position.
for president
the possibility of something Coming late to the interview hurt

chances, n.
happening your chances of getting the job.
to win over another candidate I hope I will defeat all the other
defeat, v.
in an election candidates.
to choose someone to be your We have to elect a new class

elect, v.
representative by voting president.
a vote to choose someone for After the election, we’ll know

election, n.
a leadership role who the new prime minister is.
The election results were

the outcome, or who won, the
election results, n. surprising, because everyone
elections
expected James Byrd to win.
a political group made of Which political party do you

party, n.
people with similar beliefs belong to?
a gathering of reporters to
listen to an announcement
press conference, He’ll make his announcement
from a person or group, and
n. at the press conference.
where they can ask
questions about the
announcement
the voting has been completed, We’ll know the result of the
the vote is in, exp.
people have finished voting election after the vote is in.
to show your preference for a

It is important to vote in
vote, v. candidate or an issue (also a
elections.
noun)
The voters are lined up, waiting

voters, n people who vote to choose who they’d like to be
their next president.


Unit 8
Instructions
Forecast
Dodicaky:’s guTest on “The Home Repair Show” is Hank “the Handyman” Hanson. Hank
is going to give us advice on how to get the house ready for winter. Hank, winter is
coming. What’s the first thing I’m supposed to do?
Hank: Well, Dick, first you ought to have your furnace cleaned and inspected, and have any
broken parts replaced. The furnace, or heater, is what keeps your house warm and
cozy. And in this part of the country, if we didn’t have heat in the winter, we’d freeze.
Dick: That’s for sure, Hank.
Hank: The other important thing to do is to have your roof checked for leaks. If rain or snow
were to leak in through the roof, it would damage your ceiling, your walls, and even
your furniture. And we all know how expensive it is to have the house redecorated.
Dick: I know what you mean, Hank. About two years ago, although I’d been planning to have
my roof checked for leaks, I forgot. The following year, I noticed watermarks on my
ceiling. If I’d repaired the roof right away, I could have avoided the problem.
Hank: Dick, I always say, “If you take it easy this year, you’ll have to replace it next year.”
Dick: That’s good advice, Hank. Thanks for being on the show today. Join us next week,
listeners, for more helpful hints on “The Home Repair Show.”

Flight Information
We’ve had this information card printed to help make your flight arrival quick and easy. It
would be helpful if you read these instructions before landing.
Remain in your seat until the plane stops moving.
To avoid delays, have your passport and other necessary documents available for customs
inspection upon leaving the plane.
All duty-free items must be declared. It is illegal to hide these items.
Although we always make an attempt to be efficient, unexpected complications do happen.

So, if your suitcase doesn’t appear at the baggage claim, be patient and try not to get
frustrated.
Would You Mind

- Would you mind making the picture a little larger?
- Sure. Is this what you had in mind?
- No. That isn’t what I meant. Could you put the picture in the middle, with the words
on either side?
- OK. Is this what you wanted?
- Yes. That’s exactly what I wanted. Thank you.
- No problem.
Causatives/Permissives: Active
- How did you get Jerry to wash the car?
- Easy! He knows I’ll only let him use it if it’s clean.
- Good idea! Have him clean his room, too!
Causatives/Permissives: Passive
- Get your hair cut immediately!

- But I had it cut yesterday.

Crime 2
the illegal act of setting I think the fire was caused by

arson, n.
something on fire on purpose arson.
describes things people try do

The couple was arrested
but don’t succeed at, especially
attempted, adj. for attempted robbery of a
if the actions are wrong or
supermarket.
against the law
something that helps lead you This is the clue that helped
clue, n.
to an answer or solve a them solve the crime.
mystery
to do something that is Have you ever committed a
commit, v.
against the law crime?
signs or facts that help prove

We’ll use his email messages as
something, such as whether
evidence, n. evidence in the trial, to help show
or not someone committed a
that he is guilty.
crime
It is illegal to cross the street

illegal, adj. against the law
when the light is red.
What did the police find in their

inspection, n. a close examination
inspection?
to kill someone purposely (also Did he use a gun to murder his

murder, v.
a noun) victim?
to start checking the facts of a The guards opened an

open an certain event, to find out why investigation into how the
investigation, exp. and how it happened, and who painting was stolen from the
caused it museum.
to believe that something is I suspect that Mr. Simpson stole

suspect, v.
likely to be true the money.
a feeling that something

I have a suspicion that we will
suspicion, n. is probably true, or
never solve this mystery.
probably going to happen
when you say you will cause Don’t take his threat
threat, n. someone harm or problems if he seriously; he’s not going to
or she doesn’t do what you want fire you for coming late.


Unit 9
Recycling
Introduction
something used for storing Some teachers use old

container, n
things containers to hold art
supplies.
give something such as
We donated some money to the
time, money, or items to
donate, v local art club to help them buy
help someone, without
supplies for their art projects.
expecting something in
return
take unwanted items and You are downcycling when you
downcycle, v make something new that is use old clothing as rags to
of lesser quality wash the floor.
put a word or name on

We put all the unwanted paper
label, v something to describe or
in the bin labeled 'paper'.
identify what it is
There is so much garbage in

large hole in the ground where landfills that soon there will not
landfill, n
garbage is buried be in enough space for all the
garbage.
light, strong material that can You should try and use plastic
be made into different bags many times rather than
plastic, n
shapes and that is used for throwing them out after you've
making many common used them once.

products

I recycle paper, cans, glass, and

take existing materials and make
recycle, v bottles so that these materials can
something new
be used to make new products.
special container to put used

Put all of your old newspapers
recycling bin, n items which will be made into
into the recycling bin for paper.
new products
Printing on both sides of a piece

make smaller or less in
reduce, v of paper will reduce the amount of
size, amount, or
paper you use.
importance
use again, especially in another I reuse paper I don't need any

reuse, v
way more for coloring and art projects.
If you want to upcycle your old

take unwanted items and use
T-shirts, you can cut them up
upcycle, v them to make something that is
and tie them together to make a
better quality
new bag!
You can come to my workshop to

class in which you learn
workshop, n learn how to make a shopping
something with a group of people
bag from old T-shirts!

A little bit goes a long way…
Plastic
• Please CLEAN and place all plastic containers into the bin labeled ‘plastic’. These bins
are located outside your homes and throughout the city so you can find them easily.
• Please donate non-recyclable plastic containers to the local kindergartens and
middle schools. Teachers reuse these for projects...and to hold art supplies!

Paper
• Place all unwanted paper in the bin labeled ‘paper’. Please DO NOT place dirty or
food- stained paper in these bins, as this will result in us being unable to recycle the
paper.
• When printing at home or at the office, use the double-sided option. Since you are
printing on both sides, you will reduce the amount of paper you use by 50%.
• Reuse paper for coloring and art projects, or for grocery lists and notes!
• Paper and cardboard are also welcomed by kindergartens and middle schools for use in art
projects.
Glass
• Please sort glass containers by color (after cleaning them thoroughly). Within each bin
labeled ‘glass’, there are sections for clear, green, and brown glass.
• You can also donate your CLEAN glass to the community center for use in the art club.
Any color and type of glass (including mirrors) are welcome.
Thanks to your cooperation, the city of Lakeview will soon be a cleaner and greener place to live.
Trash for Treasure

Jamie: OK, in this bag we have T-shirts. And here are glass bottles and
jars. Kevin: Hey guys… Whoa… What’s all this stuff?
Jamie: We’re getting ready to go to a ‘Trash for Treasure’ swap. We’re gathering all the things
we don’t need anymore… like old clothes, books, glass containers... anything really.
Celia: …and hopefully we’ll find some useful stuff to swap it with! You wouldn’t believe
the great things people throw away! Like they say, “One person’s trash is another
person’s treasure.”
Kevin: Talking of treasure, these are awesome! Can I have them?
Celia: Yeah… Sure… Why not?
Kevin: Thanks! Oh, how about these glass jars? Now, these I could really use. They’ll be
great to store my homemade tomato sauce.
Jamie: You know, Kevin. Maybe you should come with us to the swap. It’ll be a lot of fun.

And you can come to my upcycling workshop to learn how to make a shopping bag

om old Tf-rshirts!
Celia: You’re finding so much here already, just imagine how much you would be able
to find at the swap.
Kevin: Yeah, OK. I may as well check it out. After all, I’m saving these things from ending up
in a landfill, aren’t I?
eCse…liab:ut KYevin… there’s just one thing. You also have to bring your own stuff to
the swap!
Kevin: Oh… right.
Home Recycling Survey
Interviewer: Hi, do you mind answering some questions for a home recycling survey?
Woman: Sure, I always try and recycle as much as I can.
Interviewer: What objects do you recycle?
Woman: Well I recycle paper, cans, glass, and plastic bottles.
Interviewer: Do you have separate bins for all of those at home?
Woman: Yes, my apartment building has four separate recycling bins.
Interviewer: That makes things easy! Great. Thanks.

An Upcycling Workshop
Free Upcycling Workshop!
What: Join artist Jackie Douglas for two hands-on workshops about upcycling and sustainable
art. Upcycling is creating beautiful and useful objects from unwanted items that would have
otherwise ended up in a landfill. Jackie has been creating upcycled masterpieces for several
years and has experience giving lectures and workshops.
Please register for workshops online no later than Wednesday, June 3rd at
www.CFSAworkshops.com.
Where: The Center for Sustainable Art

204 Nurberry Road
When: Workshop 1: Monday, June 8th, 10:00 A.M. - 2:00 P.M.
Workshop 2: Thursday, June 11th, 6:00 P.M. - 10:00 P.M.
Workshop 1
What to bring: glass jars, glass or ceramic items you no longer need, buttons, beads, broken
jewelry, mirrors, etc.
The project: In this workshop, we’ll be making beautiful mosaics to create candleholders,
coasters, and wall art. Jackie will explain the basics of mosaic-making and then let participants’
imaginations do the rest! To help inspire participants, Jackie will display some of her own
work as an example. Please note: Protective gloves and goggles will be provided for each
participant. Hammers will also be provided to break the materials into small pieces. Proper
safety precautions must be followed during this workshop.
Workshop 2
What to bring: plastic shopping bags (around 40), knitting needles (3-4mm), large crochet
hook, and scissors
The project: In this workshop, we’ll be creating a sturdy reusable bag from non-recyclable
plastic shopping bags. Jackie will show participants how to knit yarn from plastic bags... so
make sure to bring a good supply! You may also bring other materials like ribbon, buttons,
and strips of fabric to decorate or ‘jazz up’ your bag.
There is a paid parking lot across the street. Show the attendant confirmation of
your participation in the workshop and the parking fee will be waived.

om: Fr lialo@email.com
To: CFSAworkshops@email.com
Subject: Questions about workshop
Hi,
I’ve registered for Workshop #1 on Monday, June 8th. Since this will be my first
upcycling workshop, I’m really looking forward to it!
Regarding the workshop, I have a few questions/concerns. I’d like to bring my 10-year-
old daughter with me to the workshop. As we’ll be working with broken glass... do you
think this is appropriate for her age?
Also, I saw the note about parking in the poster. What can I use as confirmation of my
participation in the workshop? I haven’t gotten any e-mails confirming my participation yet...
Another thing, I’m very interested in participating in the second workshop. Unfortunately,
the day and time don’t work for me. Will this workshop be offered again in the future?
Thanks!
Lia Lopez
Helping the Environment

Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture on different ways to help the environment.
Lecturer: I’m sure you’ve all heard of recycling, which is making something new from
something that has already been used before. Examples of recycling
include melting down used glass jars to make new glass containers, and
making napkins and paper towels from used paper. Recycling is always
beneficial to the environment, but in order to break down materials and use
them to create new products, the recycling process uses valuable
resources like energy and water.

Today’s lecture is about something you may be less familiar with: upcycling
and downcycling — two other ways to help the environment. Unlike recycling,
upcycling and downcycling don’t always require the use of other resources to
create new products.
Let’s start with upcycling. Upcycling is taking old or unwanted materials and
repurposing them into another practical product or into a work of art. Upcycling
results in products of equal or even better quality.
Upcycling has been around for a while. In times where money and
resources were scarce, people had no choice but to upcycle. For
example, in North America in the 1930s and 1940s, it was not uncommon
to see a broken door turned into a table.
Upcycling possibilities are endless. For example, you can weave

together a colorful quilt from scraps of old sweaters, or use the tops of
glass bottles to make wall hooks. What you can upcycle is only limited by
your imagination!
Downcycling, on the other hand, means taking materials and reusing them
as a lesser quality product. Downcycling usually only delays a certain item’s fate
from ending up in the garbage heap, as opposed to preventing it. Downcycling
isn’t as great as upcycling but it’s still a good practice. For example, you can
downcycle old clothes by using them as rags to wash the floor or reuse old
newspapers as packaging material when you move.
A little creativity can go a long way in making our world a better, greener place!


Unit 10
Movie Making
Introduction
This cinematographer is known

person in charge of a
cinematographer, n for the beautiful scenes in his
movie’s filming and lighting
movies.
person who chooses or Emily has always loved fashion,

costume designer, n designs the clothing for the so it's no surprise she became a
actors in a film costume designer.
person in charge of making The director told the actor to

director, n a movie, who tells the actors stand up and say the next
and film staff what to do line with excitement.
The documentary about lions

movie presenting the facts included great information about
documentary, n
about an event or person where they live and how they
hunt for food.
full-length movie with

Each day at the film festival, they
professional actors, which
feature film, n show two short films and then a
is usually shown in a movie
feature film.
theater
This is my first time on a film set,

place where you make a film
film set, n and I'm not used to these hot
(US English - movie set)
lights!

Whenever I'm learning my lines

when actors memorize the words
learn lines, exp for a movie, I walk around the
they'll be saying in a movie
house and say my lines aloud.
I didn't particularly like the lighting

effects or mood created in a used in the movie; it was too dark,
lighting, n
movie by using different which made it difficult to see the
lights actors' faces.
person whose job it is to The makeup artist was able

makeup artist, n makeup actors (some makeup to make the young actor look
artists also work with hair) 70-years old.
the written story for a film, script I'm in the middle of writing a
screenplay, n
of a movie screenplay for an action movie.
make a video or film with a Nowadays, filmmakers can simply

shoot a film, v camera (US English - shoot a shoot a movie with a digital video
movie) camera.
special images or sounds

I like to watch science fiction
created for movies to “trick” the
special effects, n movies just to see the amazing
viewer into thinking they are
special effects.
seeing or hearing something

Real Motion Film Festival

www.REALMOTIONfilmfestival.org
Films Screenings Awards Get Tickets
REAL MOTION FILM FESTIVAL

Now Accepting Submissions!
The REAL MOTION Film Festival is one of the biggest annual cultural events in Budapest.
Celebrating student filmmakers from around the world, this film competition is unlike any
other. Started in 1992 as a small competition between students at a local film school, REAL
MOTION has become one of the largest film festivals for students.
REAL MOTION includes audience members in its jury for Fan Favorite! Audience members first
vote for their favorite films. Then, a panel of producers, directors, and film students choose the
Fan Favorite winner from among the finalists.
“What makes the REAL MOTION Film Festival unique is that you get insight into what regular
movie audiences like.”
Gabriel Sanderson, winner of last year’s award for “Best Feature-Length Drama”
Submissions are now being accepted for this year’s REAL MOTION Film Festival, to be held
June 23-July 3 in Budapest, Hungary.
The Festival includes submissions of short and feature-length films in drama, comedy,
and documentary categories. Please see submission deadlines below.
Key Dates:
January 14: Submissions open for short and feature-length film entries
March 25: Final entry deadline for short-length films
April 25 at 6:00 P.M. EST: Final entry deadline for feature-length films
June 23–July 3: 20th Annual REAL MOTION Film Festival in Budapest!
Questions regarding film submissions? E-mail entries@REALMOTIONfilmfestival.org.

On the Film Set

Mel: I assure you James, I intend to marry Alan!
Ralph: It’s Phil. His name is Phil, not Alan.
Mel: I’m sorry, I’m sorry! I guess I’m a bit nervous. It’s my first time on a film set!
Ralph: Don’t worry! Just relax.
Mel: I know, but it’s so hot under these lights. My mic keeps coming loose.
This is all so different from stage acting. I have to keep reminding myself not to
look at the camera. And each scene has so many takes!
Ralph: You’ll get used to it.
Mel: What about you? I guess you’re an old hand at this, right?
Ralph: I guess so. But acting’s not the only thing I do.
Mel: Really – what else do you do?
Ralph: Well lately I’ve been doing some script writing. In fact, I’m in the middle of my own
screenplay right now.
Mel: Really? That’s
exciting! Ralph: Yeah, it is.
Director: OK. Places everyone. Scene 21, take 19! Action!
Mel: I assure you James, I intend to marry… Alan!
Director: Cut!

Working in the Movie Industry

Brandon: So I hear you work in the movie industry. Are you an actor?
Lily: No, actually I used to be a makeup artist but now I’m a costume assistant.
Brandon: Oh, why’d you switch?
Lily: I was working on this film with these amazing period costumes and I
decided I wanted to learn more about costume design.
Brandon: So what does your role include, now that you’re a costume assistant?
Lily: I help dress the actors, check for continuity between scenes and do last minute
alterations.
Brandon: Sounds busy! I guess you need to be very detail-oriented.

As one of the leading film schools across the globe, The International Film School (TIFS) offers
a unique and exciting experience for students interested in pursuing a career in film. TIFS was
first established in 1920 in Burbank, California, by director Douglas Glendale who wanted to
give aspiring filmmakers from around the world a chance to collaborate.
At TIFS, we believe in active learning, so students don’t just sit in a classroom learning theory.
Our programs are hands-on. Our students are involved in all aspects of filmmaking, from
screenwriting to cinematography to costume design. After students have completed an eight-
month introductory course, they’ll choose an area of specialization, and enroll in one of our
career-specific programs.
Interested in joining the world of film? TIFS has campuses throughout the world.

Programs
One-Year Certificate
• Intro to Filmmaking
• Intro to Photography
• The Basics of 3-D Animation
• Makeup/Hair Design
• Set Design
Bachelor of Fine Arts

• Film Acting
• Cinematography
• Screenwriting
• Musical Theater
• Costume Design
Master of Fine Arts

• Digital Cinematography
• Documentary Filmmaking
• Broadcast Journalism
• Digital Editing
• Producing for Film and Television
Application deadline for the fall semester is January 31.
From: TIFScinematography@TIFS.ed
u
To:
Dcruz@email.com
Subject:
Thank you for contacting TIFS!
Dear Ms. Cruz,
My name is William Fredrickson. I’m the Admissions Advisor for The International Film School.
I’m reaching out to you in response to your interest in our school’s Digital
Cinematography program. I have included a description of the program for you to review.

I’ve also included a

link to our application form if you decide to apply. To answer your question - I’m afraid our
application deadline for the upcoming fall semester is closed, but we are currently accepting
applications for the spring semester.
You also expressed interest in our international campuses in Spain. We have one campus in
Madrid and are currently building another in Barcelona.
For further information and details about coursework, credit, tuition, and other matters,
please contact me at 000-555-5555 or reply to this e-mail.
Sincerely,
William Fredrickson
Admissions Advisor
Digital Cinematography
In our Digital Cinematography program, students are introduced to the basics of modern
camera and lighting techniques used in motion picture films. They then advance to the more
technical details of cinematography, including camera, lens, format, and lighting instruments.
Students will learn the details of exposure, set lighting, and camera movements.
Through training and experience, students will gain an in-depth knowledge of the job of
Director of Photography, and understand its importance in filmmaking.
For students wishing to pursue a career in cinematography, this program prepares them for
all aspects of the field. Students usually complete their degree within four years of beginning
the Digital Cinematography program. Upon graduation, they’ll have gained the experience
necessary to begin employment.
Link to application: www.tifs.edu/app

Digital Technology and the Movie Industry

Narrator: Listen to a podcast on changes in the movie industry.
Carlos: Good afternoon everyone. I’m Carlos Dante, host of the weekly podcast, ‘Then
and Now’. Today, we’re going to look at digital technology and how it’s changing
the movie industry. We have film school professor Jim Herman here to speak
with us. Welcome, Jim!
Jim: Thanks for having me.
Carlos: I heard that it’s now possible to shoot a full-length feature film using
a smartphone. That’s a pretty big change for the movie industry,
isn’t it?
Jim: It certainly is! Actually, it may not be accurate to even use the word ‘film’
anymore. Carlos: Why is that?
Jim: Well, if you’re using digital technology, there’s no ‘film’ involved, just
computer files. Do you know where we get the word ‘film’?
Carlos: Hmmm... is it because the first movies were made with reels of film?
Jim: That’s right. In the early 1900s, movies were made with film reels. Film is
actually a light-sensitive celluloid material that comes in 400-foot rolls. Today,
film reels are becoming a thing of the past, as movies are being made with
computer software.
Carlos: So can you tell us why most movie producers prefer using digital technology
over film these days?
Jim: Well, first of all, digital technology is cheaper since you don’t need to pay for
expensive rolls of film. It’s also much simpler to use. Filmmakers, or
‘moviemakers’, can shoot with a digital camera directly onto an SD card - a
type of storage card for digital files. This is much more efficient. The editing
process is also much less tedious and can be accomplished in a fraction of
the time.
Videos can be reproduced as many times as necessary without losing quality.
Carlos: So why isn’t everyone using it?
Jim: Good question. Many moviemakers prefer to stick with film out of tradition and

familiarity with the older technology. Film also allows for more flexibility with light
exposure. Some cinematographers feel they can create certain visual effects

that can’t be accomplished with digital technology.
Carlos: But most moviemakers are making the switch, aren’t they?
Jim: Yes, indeed. Digital technology offers a huge advantage for young aspiring
moviemakers. There are now plenty of Web sites that allow you to post videos
which can instantly be seen globally. This is a game changer!
Carlos: That definitely sounds like a big plus for new moviemakers! Thank you for
speaking with us today, Jim!
Jim: You’re very welcome.


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The English Discoveries Team

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 9

“I just bought a brand-new Beamer Coyote.”

“It’s automatic and it has all the latest features.”

“Wow! Where did you buy it?”

“At Car City. I got a really good price.”

“I paid ten percent as a down payment and I’m

“I got a great deal on a second-hand car at the

8 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

1. At Car City you’ll find fantastic bargains!

4. We guarantee that you won’t find a better deal anywhere.

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 9

Buying A Used Car

1. To advertise a car dealer

c. Circle the correct answer.

1. Which expression means “decide”? make up your mind / have in mind

10 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 1

No. I’m sorry. This car simply isn’t what I wanted.

Hmmm. This isn’t exactly what I had in mind.

No... This just isn’t what I need.

Persuading Accepting Refusing

1. “You won’t find a better deal anywhere else.” C/D

Car dealer: Here it is. Isn’t it beautiful?

Customer: (refusing) No…This is definitely not what I had in mind.

Car dealer: And it’s only $5,000.

Customer: (refusing) this just isn’t what I wanted.

Car dealer: I could lower the price to $4,000.

Car dealer: What if I let you pay it off in 12 monthly payments?

12 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 11

2. If you don’t take a used car to be

ebe. Amdodrtehreal conditionals sentences giving advice about used cars.

LOOKING FOR A CAR?

12 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

Anita: How did your father (1) his back?

Fran: He was trying to (2) a gramaphone player.

Anita: But why? He knows he’s (3) carry (4)

Fran: Of course. And I even warned him to be (5) . But he just

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 1

1. Anita is worried about her back problem.

Doctor: medicine for the pain?

Doctor: Where hurt?

Doctor: How happen?

d. Practice your dialogue with a partner.

1 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

b. Complete the story by filling in the characters’ words.

c. Share your story ending with other students.

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 1

1. The teenager on the bicycle

Kate: Did you see the sign we just passed,

16 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved 17

crashed • decided • had been thinking • hadn’t been paying • pushed

18 Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

pick up my dress at the cleaners for me?

b. In your opinion, who is Marcy? Mark all possible answers.

1. Lori’s boss 2. Lori’s mother 3. Lori’s sister 4. Lori’s friend

Copyright © 1990-2017 Edusoft Ltd. All rights reserved

Why is Marcy calling Lori? Mark all the correct answers.

1. To reply to a voice mail she received earlier from Lori