1S + 12063 - 1987 Indian Standard CLASSIFICATION OF DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED BY ENCLOSURES OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Basic Electrotechnical Standards Sectional Committee, ETDG 1 Chairman Repsing Saar. G, Rasacxaxon a Rotating Machinery Sectional Commitee, Brbc15, Bis Montes sma V.. Buona Physi! Laboratory (SIR ), Sar V.S. Buazia sw Voltage Switchgear & Controigear Sections venoms BIBSST agar Sein! Sunt M, Szswanar ( Alternate) smi A Dasourea Sccondacy Cells and Baiteries Sectionel ‘Committee, ETDC Il, BIS ‘Sunt B, Moxuorapay Ay ( Alternate) 7 Max-Gaw N. Davat Tnstivution of Engineers (India), Caleutta Dunroron Staxiatos ( Goeor Research Desghs aod Standatés Organieatin, oat) sicknow “Jone Dinnoroa_ Staxanns (CEuzcrazcat (6 ( Altereate ) Dinzoron( TED } Central Electricity Authority, Nev Dethi Durury Dixecron ( TED ) ( Alteyate) ‘Sunt ML, Dowane Bower Cables Sectional Committee, ETDC59, BIS "Sure Mi. M. Howavan ( Alfernte) Susy A.N. Guoas, Blectrical_ Appliances Sectional Committoe, ‘ETDC43, BIS Sumi R. D.Jane Conductors and Accesories for Overhead Lines ‘sectional Committee, ETDG 60, BIS Sumy K. ©. Kaus Bharat Heavy Electricals Lid, hepal "Suni Pa atenou Srwoi { Alternate ) Suar AS. Laxsapaxax Solid Electrical Tasulating Materials Sectional ‘Committee, ETDG 63, BIS Smar B.A. Govinpanas ( Alternate) ( Contined 0 pope? ) © Copyright 1987 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS ‘This publication 1 protected under che Jadlen Copyright Act (XIV of 1997 ) and reproduction ia whole or in part by any means except with written permission ofthe ublisber sball be deemed to bean infringement of copyright under the said Act,1S + 12063 - 1987 ( Contineed frm page 1) Mensers Repreeting ‘sunt B.C. Nase Industrial Process Measurement snd Contre] ‘Sectional Gornmittee, ETDO 67, BIS Sunt HM. Pat High Voltage Switchgear & Controlgear Sectional ‘Committee, EDU 50, BIS ‘Sant S. Panangsw any, Central Power Research Insicute, Bangalore oe gagaze SeEAA SUDHA AN Donel A Sivamnawe PILwAt Blecrheal Research and Development Associat fadodara is 7 Suw1 NJ. Buou ( Alteste) Sunt D. NForawoasat Hlectrical Wiring Accossories Sectional ‘Committee, ETUC 44, BIS Sans §. Juavens (Alternate) Suny K. Ve Rawasuneny Ministry of Defence ( DGL), New Delhi ‘Masy.C. Paws ( Alerate) Sua P. 8, Sewanee’ Tranlermers Sectional Commitee, ETD 16, Sunt V_ B. Bassa ( Alternate) sunt B.3, Sana Relays Sectional Committee, ETDG 35, BIS ‘Sani MP, Wao Tadian Electrical snd. Elecwonies Mantfacturers “Anociation, Bombay SuniJ. V. Vasova ( dltersate) Sumi 8. P. SaonDre, Director General, BIS ( B-afiie Member) Director (lee tech ) ( Seretary)IS 1 12063 - 1987 Indian Standard CLASSIFICATION OF DEGREES OF PROTECTION PROVIDED BY ENCLOSURES OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 0 FOREWORD 0.1 ‘This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards ‘on 28 April 1987, after the draft finalized by the Basic Blectrotechnical Standards Sectional Committee had been approved by the Electrotechni« eal Division Council. 0.2 This standard provides a system for classifying the degrees of protec- tion provided by the enclosures of electrical equipment. Whilst this system is suitable for use with most types of electrical equipment, it should not be ‘assumed that all the listed degrees of protection are applicable to a parti- cular type of equipment. Reference shall be made to individual equipment standard, or the manufacturer of the equipment should be consulted to determine the types of protection available and the partsof the equipment to which the stated degree of protection applies. 0.3 The adoption of this classification system, wherever possible, will jote uniformity in methods of describing the protection provided by the enclosure and of te tess to prove the various types of protection. Te should also reduce the number of types of test apparatus necessary to teat a wide range of products. 0.4 This standard is meant to provide guidance to individual Technical Committees whose responsibility it will remain to decide on the extent and manner in which the classification is used in their standards and to define ‘enclosure as it applies to their equipment. However, it is important that for a given classification the tests should not differ from those specified in this standard, although additional requirements may be included if neces~ sary. Precise’ details should be given of how the test results are to be interpreted 0.5 The following standards define the degrees of protection provided by enclosures of specific electrical equipment: IS : 2147-1962 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for low voltage switchgear and controlgear. 31S ; 12063 - 1987 IS: 4691-1968 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for rotat- ing electrical machinery. 0.6 In the preparation of this standard, considerable assistance has been Gerived from 1G Pablication $29 (1976) ‘Classification of degrees of pro- tection provided by enclosures, issued by the International Electrotechni- cal Gommission, 0.7 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, express ing the result of a test, shall be rounded off in accordance with 1S: 2-1960%. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard. 1. SCOPE 1:1 This standard provides a gatem for specifying. the enclosures of elec sical equipment on the basis of the degree of protection provided by the Enclave, Ie is applicable to enclontres where the rated voltage of the ‘equipment inside the enclosure does not exceed 72°5 kV. 12 Tt alo specifies type tens to check the perfomance of the various lasses of enclosure. 1.3 The type of protection covered by this system of classification is as Follows: a) Protection of persons against contact with or approach to live parts and against contact with moving parts ( other than smooth, Totating shafts and the like ) inside the enclosure and protection ‘of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign bodies. b) Protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against barmaful ingress of water. Nore 1 — The protection of moving parts exteraal tothe enclomure, such 3 fans, is amatier for he glevant echnical Commitee, Nore 2 — In this standard, the tests are conducted with ftesb water, 1.4 This standard deals only with enclosures that are in all other respects suitable for their intended use and which, from the point of view of mate Hals and workmanship, ensure that the properties dealt with in this stand ard are maintained under the normal conditions of use, 1.5 The standard does not specify degrees of protection against mechani- cal damage of the equipment, risk of explosions, or conditions such as moisture { produced for example by condensation }, corrosive vapours, fungus or vermin. "Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ). 41S + 12063 - 1987 Fences or guards external to the enclosure which have to be provided solely for the safety of personnel are not considered part of the enclosure and are not dealt with. 2, DESIGNATION (CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM) 20 The designation to indicate the degrees of protection consists of the characteristic leters IP followed by two numerals ( the ‘characteristeristic numerals’ ) indicating conformity with the conditions stated in Tables 1 and 2 respectively. ‘The first numeral indicates the degree of protection described under 1.3 (a) and the sed%md numeral the degree of protection described under 1.3 (b): Where the mounting of the equipment has an influence on the degree of protection, this must be indicated by the manufacturer in his instructions for mounting or the like. 2. Single Characteristic Nameral — When it is required to indicate ‘a class of protection by only one characteristic numeral, the omitted ‘numeral shall be replaced by the letter X. For example IPX5 or TP2X. 2.2 Supplementary Letters — If permitted in the standard for the particular type of equipment, additional information may be indicated’ by & supplementary letter following the numerals in the classification. In such cases, the standard shall state clearly the additional procedure to be carried out during tests for such a classification. ‘The absence of the letters § and M shall imply that the intended degree of protection will be provided under all normal conditions of use. ‘The letters $, M or W, which have already been used for rotating machines, shall only be used with the following meaning: § — Tested against harmful ingress of water when the equipment is not in operation ( e.g. machine stationary ). (M.— ‘Tested against harmful ingress of water when the equipment is in operation ( i. e. in mechanical operation ). W— (Placed immediately after the letters IP )- Equipment so designated is suitable for usc under specified weather conditions and has been provided with additional protective features or processes. Both the specified weather conditions and the additional fea- tures or processes shall be agreed between the manufacturer and user.18 5 12063 - 1987 2.3 Examples of Designations IP 44 Characteristic letters ! | Ist characteristic numeral (see Table 1) 2nd characteristic numeral (see Table 2) ‘An enclosure with this designation is protected against the penctra- tion of solid objects greater than 10 mm and against splashing water. ew o2 3 8 Charateristic: letters } Ist characteristic: numeral (se Table 1) 2nd. characteristic mumeral (vee Table 2) ‘Supplementary letter ‘An enclosure with this designation is protected against the penetrae tion of solid objects greater than 12 mm and against spraying water, the spray test being made when the equipment is not in operation, 3. DEGREES OF PROTECTION — FIRST CHARACTERISTIC NUMERAL iA The first characteristic numeral indicates the degree of protection ded by the enclosure with respect to persons, also to the equipment inside the enclosure. Table 1 gives, in col 3, brief details of objects which will be ‘excluded’ from the’ enclosure for each of the degrees of protection repre- sented by the first characteristic numeral. ‘The term ‘excluded’ implies that a part of the body, or a tool or a wice Held by a person ether wil nat anter the enclose gy, Fit enter, that adequate clearance will be maintained between it and the live parts, of dangerous moving parts ( smooth rotating shafts and the like are not ‘considered dangerous ).18 1 12063 1987 ‘TABLE 1 DEGREES OF PROTECTION INDICATED BY THE FIRST ‘CHARACTERISTIC NUMERAL ( Glaus 2,3 and 8.1) Deaazz or Pnomzorion Test —— Conprazo%, a (ste Clause 3) ser Chaar: Nosema 0 ® o “ o Nonproteced No special protection No ress 1 Protected against solid Alarge surface of the body, 7.t ‘cbjecs greater than suck aya hand (but no oan otecion. agzinst dele ate access). Solid oSies ccecting 50 om 2 Protected agsiat said 12 ‘objects greater thaa, mm 8 roca agin id 13 objects. greater thaa Pom Sa Bo me ‘objects “exceeding 2°5 mm Tndiameter + Protected agains solid Wires or strips of thine 7.4 hfe grater hse "grate than Pola 0 a cbjecte exceeding 10mm in diameter 5 Dust-protected Tngrets of dustin not totaly 7.5 ‘Prevented but dant does nat Enter a suficleat quantity folaterfere with satisfactory operation ofthe equipment 6 Dost-tight No iogres of dust 18 [Nore 1 — The short description given in column 2 of thi table should) not be aed Specify the fv of protestion, stosld only booted aa Uriel decree Note 2-— For it characte q to equipment containing rata hoes or veatilating openings the responsi the televant echnical Consmite poet Novs 3— Fer fit charactertic numeral 5, the spplication of thi table to geioment conrining arin hols ith responsibilty” of the relevant Tech eritie numerals 3 and 4, the apptication of |1S 12063 - 1987 Column $ of Table 1 also indicates the minimum size of solid foreign bodies which will be excluded. Nora — Equipment assigned a fist characteristic numeral of 1 to 4 will exclude ‘both regularly and irregulaiy shaped solid objects provided that three mutvally DPerpendiculat dimensions ofthe object exceed tho appropriate Figure im column 3. Compliance of an enclosure with a stated degree of protection imp- lies that the enclosure will also comply with all lower degrees of protection in Table I. In consequence, the tests establishing these lower degrees of protection need not necessarily be carried out. 4. DEGREES OF PROTECTION — SECOND CHARACTERISTIC NUMERAL 4.1 The second characteristic numeral indicates the degree of protection provided by the enclosure with respect to harmful ingress of water. 4.2 Table 2 gives, in column 3, details of the type of protection provided by the enclosure for each of the degrees of protection. represented by the second characteristic numeral, 4.3 Compliance of an enclosure with a stated degree of protection implies that the enclosure will also comply with all lower degrees of protection in Table 2. In consequence, the tests establishing these lower degrees of protection need not necestarily be carried out, 5, MARKING 5.1 ‘The requirements for marking shall be specified in the standard for the particular type of equipment. 5.2 Where appropriate, such a standard should also. specify the method of ‘marking which is to be used when one part of an enclosure has a different degree of protection to that of another stated part, or when the use of supplementary letters (se# 2.2 ) results in a different degrec of protection, 6, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TESTS ‘The tests specified in this standard are type tests. ‘Unless otherwise specified, the samples of equipment for each test shall be in clean and new condition, with all the parts in place and moun- ted in the manner stated by the manufacturer. ‘The standard for the particular type of equipment shall specify details such as: — the number of samples to be tested; — the mounting and installation of the samples, for example by the use of an artificial roof, ceiling or wall; — the preconditioning, if any, which is to be used; 81S + 12063 - 1987 —the test procedure with regard to drain holes and ventilation openings; and whether tested energized or not, in operation of not. "TABLE 2. DEGREES OF PROTECTION INDICATED BY THE SECOND ‘CHARACTERISTIC NUM) (Clauses 23, 4.1 and 4.2.) Secon ‘Deonez or Paornortow ‘Test Cnanncree acres ———~ Consiato%s, Nene, Stor Deseipion Definition (see Glause 4) ste Guava o ® o ay 0 Nomprotected No special protection No tests 1 Protected against Dripping water ( vertically falling 8.1 Gripping water aigpe) hall ave no hart 2 Protected against Vertically 82 ‘Gripping water no harm Shen tleed posure i tilted at any angle up #0 13° a from is normal position 3 Protected againet Water fling asa orayat an angie 83, raylog Water ‘up to 60° from the vertical shall aoe hve no harmful effec 4 rected againt Wotersplaihed agin the encloire 84 ‘splssbing water, from aay direction shall have no PEt harmful offoct 5 Protected against Water projected by a nozzle agninst 8.5, water jo ‘the. enelosire Irom” any dirretion ball have no harmful efcet 6 Protected against Water from heavy seas or water proje- 8.6 heavy seas ‘ted in powerful jets shall pot enter ‘he enclosure In ianmful quantities 7 Tagees, of water ina harmful quan- 8.7 ‘thy. shall not be posible When the tnclosure. is imatersed in. water tinder defined conditions of presure aad time 8 ‘The equipment it nitable forconti- 8.8 ‘uous submersion. fa water under Conditions which shall be specified by. the manufacturer Note. Nor- ally, this will mean that the equipment ie hermetically sealed. However with ‘certain types of equipment it can mean that water ‘ean enter but only in such a manner thee i produces no harmful effects Nora — The short description given in column? should not be used to specify the form of protection. It should only be used asa brief dese1S 1 12063 - 1987 In the absence of such specification, the manufacturer's instructions shall apply. In the case of first characteristic numerals t and 2 and second characteristic numerals 1, 2 3 and 4, a visual inspection may, in certain ‘obvious cases, show that the intended degree of protection is obtained. In ‘such cases, itpermitted by the relevant product specification, no test need be made. However, in case of doubt, tests are to be made as prescribed in Tand 8. ‘The interpretation of test results is the responsibility of the relevant Sectional Committe. 6.1 Adequate Clearance — For the purpose of the following test clauses in this standard, the term ‘adequate clearance’ has the following meaning. GLA Low-voltage Equipment ( Roted Voltages not Exceeding ac: 1000 V and de: 1 200 V) — The test device ( sphere, finger, wire, ete ) does not touch the live parts or moving parts other than non-dangerous parts such as smooth rotating shafts, 6.1.2. Highevoltage Equipment ( Roted Vollages Exceeding at: 1 000 ¥ and de: 1 200'P) — Whea the test devices are placed in the most unfavourable position(s), the equipment shalt be capable of withstanding the dicleciric test applicable to the equipment, ‘This diclectric test requirement may be replaced by a specified clea- rance dimension in air which would ensure that this test would be satis factory under the most unfavourable electrical field configuration. 7. TEST FOR FIRST CHARACTERISTIC NUMERAL 7.0 For first characteristic numeral 0, no test is required, Tl Test for First Numeral 1 — The test is made with arigid sphere of S028" mum diameter applied against the opening(s) in the enclosure with a force of 50.N +k 10°, ‘The protection is satisfactory if the sphere docs not pass through any opening and adequate clearance is maintained to parts which are norm ally alive in service or moving parts inside the enclosure. 7.2 Test for First Nomeral 2 7.24 The test comprises (wo patts as follows: a) Finger test ‘The test is made with a metallfc test finger as shown in Figure 1. Both joints of this finger may be bent through an angle of 90° with respect to the axis of the finger, but in one and the same direction only. ‘The finger is pushed without undue force ( not more than 10 N)) against any ‘openings in the enclosure and, if it enteres it is placed in every possible position, 1015 + 12063 - 1987 vy eg Nouaas Noirgas"®, «x @ wworwanttho %, cr WIONIG ASK] GUVONVag | “OtyULE YOT Ayjeuoyuszuy st oFeg sip ‘prepuerg [eUsLIO oy} ul sy18 + 12063 - 1987 ‘The protection is satisfactory if adequate clearance is maintained between the test finger and live or moving parts inside the enclosure. How- ever, it is permissible to touch smooth rotating shafts and similar non- dangerous parts. For this test, the internal parts may be operated slowly, where this is possible. For tests on Jow-voltage equipment, a low-voltage supply ( of not less than 40 V ) in series with a suitable lamp may be connected between the test Ginger and the live parts inside the enclosure. Conducting parts covered only with varnish or paint, ot protected by’ oxidation of by Similar process, shall be covered with a metal foil electrically connected to those parts which are normally alive in service. ‘The protection is satisfactory if the lamp does not light. For high-voltage equipment, adequate clearance is verified by a measurement of clearance distance in accordance with the principles of 6.1.2, 1) Spire test ‘The test is made with a rigid sphere of 120 +98 mm diameter applied to the openings of the enclosure with a force of 30N i 10%, ‘The protection is satisfactory if the sphere does not pass through any ‘opening and adequate clearance is maintained to live or moving parts in- side the enclosure. 73 Test for First Numeral 3 73.1 The test is made with a straight rigid steel wire or rod of 2-549 mm diameter applied with a force of 3 N ++ 10%, The end of the ‘wire or rod shall be free from burrs and at right angles to its length. ‘The protection is satisfactory if the wire or rod cannot enter the en- closure, ‘The manner of interpreting this requirement for equipment provided “with ventilating openings or drain holes is the responsibility of the rele- vant Sectional Committee, 74 Test for First Numeral 4 7A.1 The test is made with a straight rigid steel wire of 1 $¥° mm dia- meter applied with a force of | N10 %/q, The end of the wire shall be free from burrs and at right angles to its fength. ‘The protection is satisfactory if the wire cannot enter the enclosure. 13JS + 12063 - 1987 ___ The manner of interpreting this requirement for equipment provided with ventilating openings or drain holes is the responsibility of the relevant Sectional Committee. 75 Test for First Numeral 5 a) Dust test ‘The test is made using equipment incorporating the basic principles shown in Fig. 2, in which talcum powder is main- tained in suspension in a suitable closed test chamber, The talcum powder used shall be able to pass through a square-meshed sieve ‘whose nominal wire diameter is 50 um and the nominal width between wires is 75 pm. The amount of talcum powder to. be used is 2 kg per cubic metre of the test chamber volume. It shall not have been used for more than 20 tests, Enclosures are of necessity in one of two categories: 1) Enclosures where the normal working eycle of the equip- ‘ment causes reductions in air pressure within the enclosure below the surrounding atmospheric pressure, e. g. thermal cycling effects. 2) Enclosures where reductions in pressure below the surround- ing atmospheric pressure are not present. ‘Nors — The relevant Sectional Committee for a particular type of ‘guipment in responibie. for deciding im whieh entegory the aUiP- For enclosures under category (1), the equipment under test is supported inside the test chamber and the pressure inside the ‘equipment is maintained below atmospheric pressure by a va- ‘caum pump. Ifthe enclosure has a single drain hole, the suction connection shall be made to this hole and not to one specially provided for the purpose of the test. If there is more than one Grain hole, the others shall be sealed for the test. The object of the test is to draw into the equipment, if possible, a minimum of 80 times the volume of air in the enclo- Sure without exceeding an extraction rate of 60 volumes hour with a suitable depression. In no event shall the depression exceed 200 mm of water on the manometer shown in Fig. 2. If an extraction rate of 40 to 60 volumes per hour is obtained the test is stopped after 2 h. If, with a maximum depression of 200 mm of water, the extraction rate is less than 40 volumes per hour, the test is continued until 80 volumes have been drawn through, or a period of 8 h has elapsed. 4TS + 12063 - 1987 GLASS WINDOW AIR FLOW vacuum METER POMP PRESSURE GAUGE MACHINE UNDER TEST CIRCULATING PUHP Fro, 2 Bquirwent 10 Prove Protection Acamwst Dust For enclosures under category (2) the equipment under testis supported in its normal operating poston inside the test chamber, but is not connected to a vacuum pump. Any drain hole normally open shall be left open for the duration of the test. The test shall be continued for a period of 8 h. Ifit is impracticable to test the complete equipment in the test chamber, one of the following procedures shall be applied: — testing of individually enclosed sections of the equipme: — testing of representative parts of the equipment, comprising components such as doors, ventilating openings, joints, shaft seals, ete, with the vulnerable parts of the equipment, such ‘a3 terminals, slip rings, ete, in position at the time of testing; and — festng of amalerequipmenthave the same fll sale desig etalis. Is38 312069 - 1987 In the last two cases, the volume of air to be drawn Shrough the equipment under test isa specified for the whole equipment in full scale, ‘The protection is satisfactory if, on inspection, talcum powder has not accumulated in a quantity or location, such that, as with any other kind of dust, it could interfere with the correct operation of the equipment. b) Wire test If the equipment is provided with a drain hole, this shall be tested in the same manner as the first characteristic numeral 4, i.e, using a 1-0 mm diameter wire ( see 7.4 ). 1.6 Test for First Numeral 6 7.6.1 ‘The test shall be made under the same conditions as those given. above for degree of protection 5. The protection is satisfactory if no deposit of dust is observable inside the enclosure at the end of the test. 8, TEST FOR SECOND CHARACTERISTIC NUMERAL ‘The tests shall be conducted with fresh water. For the condition of the equipmentafter the following tests,( see 8.9). For second characteristic numeral 0, no test is required. 1 Test for Second Numeral 1 — The test is made by means of an gquipment the principle of which is shown in Fig. 3; the rate of dis- Gharge shall be reasonably uniform over the whole area of the apparatus and shall produce a rainfall of between 3 and 5 mm of water per minute. (In the case of equipment according to Fig. 3, this corresponds toa fall in water level of 3. to 5 mm per minute. } ‘The equipment under test is placed in its normal operating position under the dripping equipment, the base of which shall be Jarger than that of the equipment under test. Except for equipment designed for wall or ceiling mounting, the support for the enclosure under test should be ‘smaller than the base of the enclosure. Equipment normally fixed to a wall or ceiling is fixed in its normal position of use to a wooden board having dimensions which are equal to those of that surface of the equipment which is in contact with the wall or ceiling when the equipment is mounted as in normal use. ‘The duration of the test shall be 10 min, 1615 1 12063 - 198718 + 12069 - 1987 8.2 Test for Second Numeral 2— The dripping equipment is the same as that specified in 8.1 and is adjusted to give the same rate of discharge. ‘The equipment is tested for 2:5 min in each of four fixed positions of tilt, These potitions are 15° either side of the vertical in two mutually perpendicular plane: ‘The total duration of the tests shall be 10 min, 8.3 Test for Second Numeral 3 — The test shall be made using equip- ‘ment such as is shown in Fig. 4, provided that the dimensions and shape of the enclosure to be tested are such that the radius of the oscillating tube does not exceed 1m. Where this condition cannot be fulfilled, a hand- held spray device, as shown in Fig. 5, shall be used, 8) Conditions when using test equipment as in Fig, 4 — Water pressure: 80 kV/m? ( 0°8 bar ) approx. All dimensions in millimetres Fic. 4 Equpuent 70 Prove PRorection AcAINst SPRAYING np SpLasiino WATER ‘The water supply shall be capable of delivering at least 10 I/min. ‘Method : The oscillating tube shall be provided with spray holes over an arc of 60° either side of the centre point and shall be Bxed in a vertical position; the test enclosure is mounted on a 18