Name: Gabriel O.

Gabuya
EE3-1
EE323 – Instrumentation and Control
Quiz 1
Measurement System; Errors in Measurement
1. In conducting measurement of voltage drop in a distribution, what are
those necessary instrument/s to use to successfully do the required
measurement.
In measuring the voltage drop in a distribution, a voltmeter is used. It is
connected in parallel connection to measure the voltage flowing in a certain
circuit. As its names implies, a “Voltmeter” is an instrument used for
measuring voltage (V), that is the potential difference present between any
two points within a circuit. To measure a voltage (potential difference), a
voltmeter must be connected in parallel with the component whose voltage
you wish to measure. It can be used to measure the voltage drop across a
single component or supply, or they can be used to measure the sum of
voltage drops across two or more points or components within a circuit.
2. What are the potential errors you may encounter in doing the task in
number 1? How?
➢ A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electrical potential
difference between two points in an electric circuit.
➢ The errors in measurement may happen from the various sources
which are generally categorized into the following types: Systematic
Errors, Gross Errors, and Random Errors.
➢ These types of systematic errors are generally categorized into three
types which are explained below in detail: Observational Errors,
Environmental Errors, and Instrumental Errors.
➢ The observational errors may occur due to the fault study of the
instrument reading, and the sources of these errors are many. For
instance, the indicator of a voltmeter retunes a little over the surface of
the scale. As a result, a fault happens except the line of the image of
the witness is accurately above the indicator. To reduce the parallax
error extremely precise meters are offered with reflected scales.
➢ Some are done by instrumental errors.
➢ Instrumental errors will happen due to some of the following reasons:
• An inherent limitation of Devices
• Abuse of Apparatus
• Effect of Loading