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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Generating Patterns
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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
indulge you in discovering and generating patterns. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
Recognizing and extending patterns are important skills needed to the
learning of concepts related to sequences. The arrangement of the lessons
follows the standard sequence of the course. But the pacing in which you
read and answer this module is dependent on your ability.

Primarily, the scope of this module is to develop your skill in generating

patterns. While going through this module, you are expected to:
1. generate pattern from a given succession of objects, numbers,
letters, or symbols;
2. find the nth term of a sequence; and
3. write the rule for the nth term of a sequence.

What I Know

Let us determine how much you already know about generating patterns. If
you answer all the test items correctly in this pretest, then you may skip
studying this learning material and proceed to the next learning module.

DIRECTION: Read and understand each item, then choose the letter of your
answer and write it on your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following does not show a sequence?

A) K to 12 Curriculum C) Body temperature
B) Months of a year D) Counting numbers

2. Which of the following is a finite sequence?

A) negative even numbers C) even numbers greater than 1
B) even numbers below 100 D) even numbers between 10 and 50

3. What is the 9th term in the sequence − 1, 4, − 9, 16, − 25, ..?

A) 64 B) − 1 C) − 64 D) 1

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4. Find the first four terms of the sequence 5 − 1.

A) 5, 1 , 15, 2 C) 4, 9, 14, 19
B) 6, 11, 16, 21 D) 5, 9, 1耠, 1
−1
5. What is the 20th term of the sequence 2 ?
1 1 2 2
A) B) − 4 C) D) − 4
4 4

6. What rule will correctly describe the sequence: 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, 37, …?
2
A) 1 B) 2 C) 2 1 D) 1
1 1 1 1 1
7. Find the n term of the sequence − ,
th
, − 6 , , − 1 ,...
2 4
−1 2 −1
A) an 2n
C) an 2n
−1 2 1
B) an 2
D) an − 2n

8. What are the next four terms of the sequence 2, 耠, 5, , ....?

A) 12, 1 , 22, 2 C) 1耠, 21, 耠4, 55
B) 12, 2 , 耠耠, 54 D) 1耠, 1 , 2耠, 2

9. Consider the figures below, what is the nth term of the sequence?

1 1 2 2 1
A) B) 2
C) 1
D) 2

10. Which numerical pattern follows the rule “subtract 2, then multiply
by 3”, when starting with 5?
A) 5, , 21, 69 C) 5, 9, 14, 耠6
B) 5, 耠, 6, 4, 12 D) 5, 耠, 9, , 21

11. Which is the next ordered pair in the pattern 1, 6 , 耠, 1 , 5, 耠 ?

A) , 49 B) , 42 C) , 56 D) , 64

−1 1 −1 2
12. In the sequence, , what is 5

2 24 耠 26
A) 5
B) − 5
C) 5
D) − 5

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13. What is the rule for this pattern? 1st term:32, 2nd term:36, 3rd
term:40
A) 4 B) 4 C) 4 2 D) 4 耠2

14. Which of the following patterns shows infinite sequence?

A) 6, 12, 1 , 24, 耠 C) First 20 whole numbers
B) English Alphabets D) 1 , 5 , 25, 12.5,...

15. Madison has the number pattern 5, 耠, , 6, 11 for a homework problem.

She says that the number pattern adds 5 to the first number and then
subtracts 2 to get the next number. Did Madison correctly describe the
pattern?
A) No, the pattern adds 5 to the first number and then subtracts 2.
B) No, the number pattern subtracts 2 to the first number and then adds 5.
C) No, the pattern subtracts adds 3 to the first number and then adds 4.
D) Yes, Madison's description of the pattern is correct.

Lesson

1 Generating Patterns

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What Is It

How did you find activity 2? Have you given idea on how to generate a
pattern? Let us process your answers.
1. Based from the task, the complete solution is shown in the table below:
Number of cuts (x) 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of pieces (y) 2 3 4 5 6 7

2. From the table, notice that the number of pieces (y) of strings is one more
than the number of cuts (x). Thus, we can state our conjecture as, “The
number of pieces (y) when a string is cut x times can be computed using
the formula y = x + 1.”

3. Using the formula y = x + 1, we can now solve the number of pieces of

strings that can be made from 12 cuts? 24 cuts? 35 cuts? and 42 cuts?
a) 12 cuts, 12 y = 12 + 1 = 13
b) 24 cuts, 24 y = 24 + 1 = 25
c) 35 cuts, 耠5 y = 35 + 1 = 36
d) 42 cuts, 42 y = 42 + 1 = 43

Were you able to get the same answers? If yes, very good! If no, I hope you
were able to understand the discussions above. Based from the given
activity, the number of pieces, 1 , when a string is cut times
represents a sequence. Thus, the values of which are 2, 耠, 4, 5, 6, ,... is an
example of a sequence.

The word sequence means an order in which one thing follows another in
succession. A sequence is an ordered list. For another example, if we write
, 2 2 , 耠 耠 , 4 4 , 5 5 , , what would the next term in the sequence be—the one
where the question mark now stands? The answer is 6 6 .

definition

A sequence is a set of objects which is listed in a specific order, one

after another. Each member or element in the sequence is called term.
The terms in a sequence can be written as , , , ,..., ,... which
means 1 is the first term, 2 is the second term, 耠 is the third
term, …, is the nth term, and so on.

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Sequences are classified as finite and infinite. A finite sequence contains a

limited number of terms. This means it has an end or last term. Consider
the examples below.
a) Days of the week: ‫ ݊ ݑ‬, ‫ ݊ ݋‬, ‫ ݊݁ ݑ‬,..., ‫݊ ݑ‬
b) First 10 positive perfect squares: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 耠6, 49, 64, 1, 1
On the other hand, an infinite sequence contains a countless number of
terms. The number of terms of the sequence continues without stopping or
it has no end term. The ellipsis (…) at the end of the following examples
shows that the sequences are infinite. Consider the examples below.
a) Counting numbers: 1, 2, 耠, 4, 5,...
b) Multiples of 5: 5, 1 , 15, 2 , 15,...
Sometimes a pattern in the sequence can be obtained and the sequence can
be written using a general term. In the previous example
, 2 2 , 耠 耠 , 4 4 , 5 5 , 6 6 ,..., each term has the same exponent and coefficient.
We can write this sequence as , 1, 2, 耠, 4, 5, 6,..., where is called
the general or nth term.

A. Finding several terms of a sequence, given the general term:

Example 1.

Find the first four terms of the sequence 2 − 1.

Solution: To find the first term, let 1

2 −1 use the given general term
2 −1 substitute by 1

1 2−1 perform the operations

1 1 simplify
Repeat the same process for the second to the fourth terms.
Find the second term, 2 2 2 2 −1 4−1 耠
Find the third term, 耠 耠 2 耠 −1 6−1 5
Find the fourth term, 4 4 2 4 −1 −1

Therefore, the first four terms of the sequence are , , , .

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Example 2.
−1
Find the 5th to the 8th terms of the sequence .
1

Solution: To find the 5th term, let 5

−1
use the given general term
1
−1 5
5 substitute by 5
5 1
−1 1
5 6
−6 simplify (− 1 raised to an odd number power is always negative)

Repeat the same process for the 6th to the 8th terms.
−1 6 1
Find the 6th term, 6 6 6 1
−1 −1 1
Find the 7th term, b −
1
−1 1
Find the 8th term,
1 9

Therefore, the 5th to the 8th terms of the sequence are − , , − , .

B. Finding the general term, given several terms of the sequence:

Example 3.

Write the general term of the sequence 5, 12, 19, 26, 耠耠,...

Solution: Notice that each term is 7 more than the previous term. We can
search the pattern using a tabular form.
Term Given Pattern
1 5 5 5 + 7(0)
2 12 5 + 7 5 + 7(1)
3 19 5 + 7 + 7 5 + 7(2)
4 26 5 + 7 + 7+7 5 + 7(3)
5 33 5 + 7 + 7+7+7 5 + 7(4)
n an 5 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 +…+ 7 5 + 7(n – 1)
In the pattern, the number of times that 7 is added to 5 is one
less than the nth term (n – 1). Thus,
an 5 n−1 equate and 5 n−1
5 − apply distributive property of multiplication
an 2 combine similar terms

Therefore, the nth term of the sequence is , where 1, 2, 耠, 4, 5,...

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Example 4.

Write the general term of the sequence 2, 4, , 16, 耠2, ...

Solution: Notice that each term is 2 times the previous term. We can
search the pattern using a tabular form.
Term Given Pattern
1 2 2 21
2 4 2(2) 22
3 8 2(2)(2) 23
4 16 2(2)(2)(2) 24
5 32 2(2)(2)(2)(2) 25
n an 2(2)(2)(2)(2)…(2) 2n

Therefore, the nth term of the sequence is , where 1, 2, 耠, 4, 5,...

Example 5.

1 1 1 1
Find the general term of the sequence 1, , , , ,...
4 9 16 25

1 1 1 1 1 1
Solution: , , , , ,... write 1 as
1 4 9 16 25 1

1 1 1 1 1 1
, , , , ,..., notice each denominator is an integer squared
12 22 耠2 42 52 2

Therefore, the nth term of the sequence is , where 1, 2, 耠, 4, 5,...

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What’s More

Now, it’s your turn to apply the concepts on sequences and patterns to find
the specified terms of a sequence when given its general term and vice versa.

Activity 3. Your Turn!

Direction: Answer what is asked in each set of exercises on a separate sheet

of paper.

 In Exercises 1 – 4, write the first four terms of each sequence.

Assume starts at 1.

1) 2) 1

1 2 1
3) −1 4) 2

 In Exercises 5 – 8, find the indicated term of each sequence given.

1 1 2
5) 2 9 6) 14
−9

−1 1 −1 2
7) 8) 9
− 12 99

 In Exercises 9 – 12, write an expression for the nth term of the given
sequence. Assume starts at 1.

9) 2, 4, 6, , 1 ,... 10) 1, − 1, 1, − 1, 1,...

1 1 1 1 1
11) 耠, 9, 2 , 1,... 12) , , , , ,...
21 耠2 4耠 54 65

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Assessment

Let us determine how much you have learned from this module. Read and
understand each item, then choose the letter of your answer and write it on
your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following shows a pattern?

A) 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, 2 C) A, G, M, T, 0, 9
B) 5, 7, 2, T, 6, Y D) smooth, long, wall, sing

2. Which of the following defines infinite sequence?

A) days of the week C) every other day
B) teenage life D) first Fridays of July 2020

3. What are the next three terms of the sequence 1, 11, 22, 耠4, ....?
A) 46, 6 , 5 B) 4 , 61, 6 C) 42, 54, 66 D) 44, 6 , 4

−1
4. What is the 25th term of the sequence 2 ?
1 1 25 25
A) 625
B) − 625 C) 625
D) − 625

5. What is the 11th term in the sequence − 1, 4, − 9, 16, − 25, ..?

A) 1 B) − 1 C) 121 D) − 121

6. Find the first four terms of the sequence 耠 2.

A) 5, , 11, 14 B) 5, , 11, 15 C) 5, , 11, 14 D) 5, 9, 1耠, 1

7. Which numerical pattern follows the rule “subtract 2, then multiply by 3”,
when starting with 5?
A) 5, , 21, 69 B) 5, 耠, 9, , 21 C) 5, 耠, 6, 4, 12 D) 5, 9, 14, 耠6

8. What rule will correctly describe the sequence: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30,…?
2 2
A) 1 B) 1 C) 2 1 D)

1 1 1 1 1
9. Find the nth term of the sequence − , , − 6 , , − 1 ,...
2 4
−1 −1 2 −1 2 1
A) an 2n
B) an 2
C) an 2n
D) an − 2n

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10. Which is the next ordered pair in the pattern 2, 1 , 4, 4 , 6, 9 ?

A) , 12 B) , 16 C) , 16 D) , 12

11. What is the 8th term in the sequence 9, 4, -1, -6, -11, …?
A) − 21 B) − 26 C) − 耠1 D) − 耠6
−1 1 −1 2
12. In the sequence, , what is 1

1 54 52 1 4
A) 1
B) − 5
C) 5
D) − 1

13. Which of the following patterns shows finite sequence?

A) 6, 12, 1 , 24, 耠 ,... C) First 20 whole numbers
B) multiples of 6 D) 1 , 5 , 25, 12.5,...

14. Find the general term of the sequence 耠, 9, 2 , 1,...

耠
A) 耠 B) C) 耠 D) 耠

2
15. Write the first four terms of the sequence − 1.
A) , 耠, , 15 B) 1, 耠, 5, C) 1, 5, 1 , 16 D) , 2, , 12

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