*~3> Phase Induction Motoxs. a — A a-phase ‘induction motos is a Singly~ excited a.c- machine. L Only Statox is awe 3-phase a-C. Supply Ly The ‘oiox is mot given any Supply. ~~ Feeag nee — An induction motor suns at a speed other than the Synchronous speed. So, iF is also Known os Osynchwonous motor, — Tk works on the principle of elechromognetic inducttan Constructional Featuxes . ) a ee —The two main paxts of the induction motox axe :- () Stator (i) Botox @) Stotoy !- The stator of an induction motor consists Fr 4 @ Stator frame (&) Slatoy coxe © Stator winding —> 3- phase distributed ainding @ End-covexs ® Beoxings ete. = The stator of a-phase induction motox fs similax to the stator of Synchwonous machine . ‘Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeanner— Stalox frame is made up of cast-ivan and it holde the stator coxe. i ~ Stator core is made up of thin Aheels of Steel laminations ; atacked together. “The Pe y Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeannerSkewed wolor slots coppe™ o* ns adumintum bows. Laminated Rate come. Sqjuicrel cage Retox Ve vyyyei ibis G Wound ype xetor oF Slip -ting induchon motor. —iIn this, the xolox contains taindings Similar to that used on the Stator, — 80, the olor windings ave also S-phase distibuled taindings. Ai ~ The velox caindings axe usually connected in shay, —The three texminals of dhe stay- connected windings - are connected to the three Slip-sings (ox colléctor vings). The slip wings axe on the shaft, but ave insulated from it, — Slip sings alles far connection & external ‘weststance, in Sextes with the ~toy taindings , using carbon _beushes. d Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeanner- Advantages of connecting exitxnal vesistunce L5@ 3 allows speed contol of induction molar Li® I also pyowdés -control over starting tpxquue - ony, : $5955 — comparision of beth dypes_of_induction meter Sayer coge induction torund type nda nitty 1) Economical and simplex |@ Costly in construction Gi) Move tugged, $0 sequin @) Need move maintenance less ge maintenance. Gil) No Control ovey shorting Gi) 3 OG s Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeannerTTT TTT TTT ITT ITI IIIIIIYG, Rotating Magnetic Field . —When a theee - phase ac supply is given to Ahwee - phase diatibuted caindings. a. rotating magnetic Field is created. — Rotating magnehe Field means that the poles on the ataloxy ave not stationary» but ‘otal in Space. — Proof for production of woteting om netic. field =~ -A two- pole, theee- phase. dishsibuted coinding is taken] on Stalow ts — A balanced thwee-phase Supply ing wen to tt. dpe en Sin cat by = me Sin ( eat - 125) d- qa sin(eat 248) by ‘Scanned with CamSeannerq 2 a y At instant 1. ats 0° ga, $,= 0 oy = Sin (120°) = ae Pa. og = pin (-240 } = & Pr Edo yh = — = Porat = xt by + be sot BB cos #30 + 3 cds 30° = 1. S $n So, pean “Flux is oo 1.5 times ae the maximum Flux , and at instant 1, if is divected oleng reference line. At instant 2. tat= 30° So, Pe = ,. Sin Bo = tn y= bn Sinese) = — bm de = Pm Sin 20!) = Se Scanned with CamScanner AE cethecetetheee CEL ELEOOOOOLLE ‘Scanned with CamSeannera CTs TIT 2I 90d | So, resultant Flux is again 1.5 times of maximum Flux, and at instant 9, it is divected at angle of 30° from seference, in Clock-wtse divecton - At instant 3. cot= 60° * Se, he = Fyy Sin 60" = YE hy, by = he Sia CE) = 8 Pm. Pe = Om Sin-180) = 0. & ra oY rot * P27 Prt & _ - Bass+ Based +o aa : 3 & . ; ao —— eho . ot hae ig 1S times oh maximum Flux jand is Se Giected at 66 Fwom wefewenca in clockwise dix” Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeanner80. from above phasox diagwams, we see that a “rotating magnetic field of Constant magnitude Ce Stn) is setup, when a @-phase balanced supply "3 aver to 3 phase distvibuted windings. — The speed at which dhe magnetic Feld votates is Known as Sypeheonous 4peed, denoted ey Ne, VAMAALELELOLOREAE RADA baddest be —&p- Slip. —The difference behoeen the Synchronous Speed, Ny, and actual volor Speed fs called Slip. Tt ts usually expvessed as a faction ox percentonte i Slip,s = Na - Nw # Slip iL ‘Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeanneruu — When a S-phase ac Supply fS a TI Idea ddd deca Principle cf operation of induction motor . — Trduction motor works on the principle oF electro-magnetic induchon- iven to 3-phase dihibuted winding.» a wokating, magnetic Held is cxented , | netic. fleld cuts the | “This wotntte: f aveemft in tt. colors conductors, tnduel shis induced emf causes a cuszent to flova in the ctor ,at water circuit is eo __aloed_ shovt-eteculted. } As per Lenz's low, the effect opposes the cause. L The Sot is the t+ Current in the wotor and < oer the cause is the !- flux cutting by the wotati magnetic Fase a So, this cause of flux cutting can be reduced, iF the velotive speed between the welotina magnetic Field and -cotoy conductors decwenses, So, a toque is prop produced, which ~otates the wiox in dhe dame dixection, as that of vrotcting mognetic field. This veduces the “relative Flux cutting , as welative speed i ae P F flux cutting | Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner—-H we Inler- change two ‘Supply phases, the disection of “¥elation of magnetic ‘field vevexses and so dhe ‘velahion. of induclon moter also $944444, 4 Yeverses. NOTE *- The velox of inductton moter can never attain Synchronous speed »Ns as in that case elative speed will be Zero and there will be no Flux-cutit So theve wail be ne induced emf and no developed toxque in this care» HAGE E44 if O 4 4 SGM DSS 69 f) okaley J Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeanneroak oF Induction motox- stole we Oo GI — Speed of stator field, -rolating in apace, = Nk owed slater) — Speed of sotow of Induction motor * N Ng (i-s) wl — Relative speed behoen sicciox field and -~xelow conductors Ng- Ne = SNs. > Since Flux cutting ig at speed N5-N I-= SNes, 80, Lrequency & induced emf in whr =f: sf —> Now, cursvent in the sotow (at Frey sf), causes a flux, oshich wolntes ot a speed BA OSNg. = aav-l. the soloxr bo L: Speed & ~wotoy field poet wor = SNg +: Speed of -volor Field corwt. Stator = Ng _ 80, Stator field and valor field votole at same speed Na, thus erecting: a constant teryuc, “Scanned with CamSeanner ‘Scanned with CamSeanner—» Torque and Powes Equations . 9949) hth istssg19999999 —s Rwes Flow in induction motor . ——-_— B. fe = Slatoy Cu les 5 Raw tales? 4 Seats Pot | — Stolor cove. Lose | Foxoee input Biv-gep Nechantead Power output at ee ot — Fowsex input wher te wetow Note:- ae @ Retox cove Loss ip not taken separntely here. but fs | | included in Fgto loss Hef. So. fron loss Riven tin question -refeva_only_4o_Sialoy on loss. — Similarly, Covrespanding torque can be defined . % ar E> Aiv-gap torque. G3, Synchwonous speed in mechanical vadian /sec. Gi fi tae! Oe ‘Cy Developed torque te Leon ut 2 Shaft torque CO, = volor Apecd in mec-vad Ieee, @ Friction and windage *lass is algo ems mechanical loas al rotational leas. = @ Losses at no-load tnelude — Stodto: and Fsicton and Windage lo yi teas lacs Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeannerFox plotting. -tevque-slip:chavactevistics, coe see relation between and s. Case 1: Al me aera and | Case 2! Undex normal sang. duxing iniWial Yunnins ‘Condittan brake region)” L, Slip flow Ly Slip is he. L( By << x" me FF eclaton & ERY >> x 4 —> near elation | CNA Scanned with CamScanner Scanned with CamScannerMable ion wa MO a sy ol & 3 te ue. (‘Cn) _ Ur is the enaximum value oF aix-gap torque G. Maximum air 99 AES E449 F499 — tt is also selemed as » maximum - internal torque or > pull-out torque ow 9 Stalling - torque ov ~ breakdown - torque. rite 19 4 med for obtaining Moximum ‘toryue can —Corditon yea i be otknined + differentiating “Gay wat. Ss and enyucting, Ce CE ! Z Scanned with CamScanner ‘Scanned with CamSeanner 44 ahahaCC OEOSESS Se ee Q1 A BS phase 4 pole induchion motor aupplred fom 4 Phase Sonvz at Aupphy , Col cally be 8 Te ater apeta Oho ae Sdy My= (I-4)Ns DM sofer cument frequen oh peapereye a han wotor TUNS al- Goo mp ios 6% Ne = Ne (|—4) [j= HK = He 6ge Is | S00 S x= J— 6co (Seo Z= 0-4 YOtor cuyren'- eee = 3B £. &XSO O-6X So 2 ove Pe. (YM) Aine qelahive Apred blo State Prelel ene} wor conductor “f +t wher Bpeeal B {0 »prm (Ns= Me) = Be Are- oO W) Find xrefih've speed blo Stator preke| Scanned with CamScannereee Se Toxque - blip Characteristics Ka Torqut ate > Arreating eae oT, Tm MNayvl yeu ye = Te xa JA Am— Ahi ab reeadieuir TargMe Ne ye : ae pind | at) a AL ? G enowertt i eee | —Hiraking —_—_t— Motoring a Moole. Mode Moclg S phase Induction motor ope rates in & mocas— — 4 Mo-tosing Modes-[ 04 44¢1] En Hix mode ef operation , Aupply 8 Qtven +o He Atetor Aides and +e motor always wotates below +e Bynchacreus peed: he Induchon motororque venies om ZZro to full hoad ory as Hs Akep VAr'eS A. Genoratin Meth 620] %- Ih tty moole sf operverhon Induction mohy wuns above the BZynchronous A reed and i Should be dxven es o poms mover. The gtetey winding & Connected to a Three Phase 2upply in which wb Bupplies eboc bricet eres Acta y , bn Hwy, case ,—tte towyi2 ane aLip both aye ee Bo tre motor secatves mechanicel ero or aedivers loch ensiqy, 3. “Baalcin Model &> LJ eo Tn He Bre mike mode tee tug Leads or re pe lion mnre c& Chen 80 the |-—the motor Starts to wotete py, the Y yeverse oltyre tion ind A a rel the moter Atops. Scanned with CamScannerSS Application af 3 phase Indueton motox % 43 Kheebic tren Fog a 4 Q G- 2. 9. q. ho. |} = begins of focrge clternators be used as pate fom ‘Pointng machines Rolling” mills In pis weiter pump motor In hydraulic for peppin peewik PDrillin mec lui re. Gwinn machine Motor ¢f wefan rato r cwolor motors Industial dxives fee hint and Incluechial pions Cy Scanned with CamScanner