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NCLEX RN Cheat Sheet
NCLEX RN Cheat Sheet
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- Planning; foods;
- Assessment (initial); - Usually refuse organ donation;
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- Collaboration; - May nod without necessarily understanding.
- Evaluation; 4. Latino Americans
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- Teaching. - Family members are typically involved in all aspects of
decision making such as terminal illness;
UAP’s cannot be delegated: “EAT”, medication & unstable
st - May see no reason to submit to mammograms or
patients. vaccinations.
LPN’s cannot be delegated anything related with blood and 5. Native Americans
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are assigned the most stable patients. - Diet may be deficient in vitamin D and calcium because many
suffer from lactose intolerance or don’t drink milk;
- Obesity and diabetes are major health concerns.
1 tsp = 5 ml 1 pint = 2 cups (16 oz)
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1 tbsp = 3 tsp (15 ml) 1 quart = 2 pints (32 oz) RELIGIOUS CONSIDERATIONS
1 oz = 30 ml 1 gr (grain) = 60 mg - Jehovah’s Witness: no blood products should be used.
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Early childhood III Oculomotor
Shame & of movements
(18m-3yrs)
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doubt personal control Extraocular movements: inferior
Development of sense IV Trochlear
Preschool Initiative vs. adduction
of
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(3-5yrs) Guilt V Trigeminal Clench teeth and light touch
purpose and directive
Extraocular movements: lateral
School age (6- Industry vs. Development of pride VI Abducens
st abduction
11yrs) Inferiority in accomplishments
VII Facial Facial movement: close eyes, smile
Exploration of
Adolescence Identity vs. VIII Auditory Hearing and Romberg test
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independence and
(12-18yrs) Role confusion IX Glossopharyngeal Gag reflex
development of self
Say “ah” – uvular and palate
Early Development of X Vagus
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and family
Older adult Integrity vs. Looking back on life PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
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2. Gown 2. Goggles
BURNS 3. Mask 3. Gown
4. Goggles 4. Mask
Parkland formula: 5. Gloves 5. Hand hygiene
4ml/kg/%body burned
Airborne: MTV
Measles
TB
Varicella (Chicken Pox/Herpes Zoster-Shingles)
Droplet: SPIDERMAN - Erythrocytes (RBC): 4.5-5.0 million/L
Sepsis - Leucocytes (WBC): 4,500-11,000 cells/mm3 (Neutropenia
Scarlet fever <1000/mm3 / Severe neutropenia: <500/mm3)
Streptococcal pharyngitis - Neutrophils: 1800-7800 cells/mm3
Parvovirus B19 - Lymphocytes: 1000-4800 cells/mm3
Pneumonia - Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Pertussis - Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L
Influenza - Chloride: 98-107 mEq/L
Diphtheria (pharyngeal) - Phosphate: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Epiglottitis - Magnesium: 1.6-2.6 mg/dL
Rubella - Phosphorus: 2.7-4.5 mg/dL
Mumps - Calcium: 8.6-10 mg/dL
Meningitis - Digoxin: 0.8—2.0 ng/ml
Mycoplasma or meningeal pneumonia - Lithium: 0.8—1.5 mEq/L
A(n)denovirus - Phenytoin: 10—20 mcg/dL
- Theophylline (Aminophylline): 10—20 mcg/dL
Contact: MRS.WEE
Multidrug resistant organisms Varicella zoster ABG VALUES & EVALUATION
Respiratory infection Cutaneous diphtheria
Skin infections (*VCHIPS) Herpes simplex - pH: 7.35—7.45 ROME
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Wound infection Impetigo - HCO3: 24—26 mEq/L Respiratory – Opposite
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Enteric infection (C. difficile) Pediculosis - CO2: 35—45 mEq/L Metabolic – Equal
Eye infection (conjunctivitis) Scabies - PaO2: 80%—100%
- SaO2: >95%
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LABORATORY VALUES
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Abdominal cramping, Attitude changes (confusion).
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HYPOCALCEMIA Lethargic.
Tendon reflexes diminished, Trouble concentrating (confused).
Causes (LOW CALCIUM): Loss of urine and appetite.
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Low parathyroid hormone due (any neck surgery: check the Ca Orthostatic hypotension, Overactive bowel sounds.
level). Shallow respirations (due to skeletal muscle weakness).
Oral intake inadequate (alcoholism, bulimia etc.). Spasms of muscles.
Wound drainage (especially GI system).
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Celiac’s & Crohn’s disease (malabsorption of Ca). HYPERNATREMIA
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Acute pancreatitis.
Low vitamin D levels. Causes (HIGH SALT):
Chronic kidney issues (excessive excretion). Hyperventilation, Hypercortisolism (Cushing’s syndrome).
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Increased phosphorus levels in the blood. Increased intake of sodium (oral or IV).
Using certain medications (Ma supplements, laxatives, loop GI feeding (tube) without adequate water supplements.
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Aldosterone insufficiency.
Signs & Symptoms (CRAMPS): Loss of fluids, infection (fever), diaphoresis, diarrhea, and
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Arrhythmias.
Muscle spasms in calves or feet, tetany, seizures. Signs & Symptoms:
Positive Trousseau’s (happens before Chvostek’s sign and “No FRIED foods for you!”
tetany). Fever, Flushed skin.
Signs of Chvostek’s. Restless, Really agitated.
Increased fluid retention.
HYPERCALCEMIA Edema, Extremely confused.
Decreased urine output, Dry mouth/skin.
Causes (HIGH CAL):
Hyperparathyroidism (++ Ca released in the blood). HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA
Increased intake of Ca.
Glucocorticoids (suppresses Ca absorption). Causes (Low PHOSPHATE):
Hyperthyroidism. Pharmacy (aluminum hydroxide-based or magnesium-based
Calcium excretion decreased (Diuretics, renal failure, bone antacids cause malabsorption in the GI system).
cancer). Hyperparathyroidism (there is an over secretion of PTH which
Adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease). causes phosphate to not be reabsorbed).
Lithium usage (affects the parathyroid gland). Oncogenic osteomalacia.
Syndrome of Refeeding: causes electrolytes and fluid problems
due to malnutrition or starvation (watch for per os after TPN).
Pulmonary issues such as respiratory alkalosis.
Hyperglycemia. HYPERMAGNESEMIA
Alcoholism.
Thermal Burns. Causes (MAG)*:
Electrolyte imbalances: hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia, Magnesium containing antacids and laxatives.
hypokalemia. Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency).
Glomerular filtration insufficiency (<30mL/min).
Signs & Symptoms (BROKEN):
Breathing problems (due to muscle weakness). *Hypermagnesemia is less common than hypomagnesemia. It
Rhabdomyolysis (tea-colored urine, muscle weakness/pain), typically happens when trying to correct hypomagnesemia with
Reflexes (deep tendon) decreased. magnesium sulfate IV infusion.
Osteomalacia (softening of the bones) fractures and decreased
bone density (alteration in bone shape), cardiac Output Signs & Symptoms (LETHARGIC)*:
decreased. *Happens in severe hypermagnesemia, mild one is
Kills immune system with immune suppression and decreases asymptomatic.
platelet aggregation. Lethargy (profound).
Extreme weakness, Ecchymosis. EKG changes (prolonged PR & QR interval and widened QRS
Neuro status changes (irritability, confusion, seizures). complex).
Tendon reflexes absent or grossly diminished.
HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA Hypotension.
Arrhythmias (bradycardia, heart blocks).
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Causes (PHOS-HI): Respiratory arrest.
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Phospho-soda overuse: phosphate containing laxatives or GI issues (nausea, vomiting).
enemas (Sodium Phosphate/Fleets enema). Impaired breathing (due to skeletal weakness).
Hypoparathyroidism. Cardiac arrest.
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Overuse of vitamin D.
Syndrome of Tumor Lysis. EKG CHANGES IN ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES
rHabdomyolysis.
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Insufficiency of kidneys (renal failure is the main cause).
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Signs & Symptoms (CRAMPS):
Confusion.
Reflexes hyperactive.
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Anorexia.
Muscle spasms in calves or feet, tetany, seizures.
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HYPOMAGNESEMIA
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mushrooms, oranges, pork, beef, veal, potatoes, raisins,
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spinach, strawberries, tomatoes. CHEST TUBES
- Sodium: American cheese, bacon, butter, canned food,
cottage cheese, cured pork, hot dogs, ketchup, milk, mustard, Suction control chamber
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processed food, soy sauce, table salt, white and whole-wheat - Gentle bubbling indicates that there is suction and does not
bread. indicate that air is escaping from the pleural space.
- Zinc: eggs, leafy vegetables, meats, protein-rich foods.
st Water seal chamber
HEART AUSCULTATION - Water oscillates (up as the client inhales and down as the
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client exhales).
- Intermittent bubbling is expected in a patient with
pneumothorax.
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ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (EKG)
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T – term births
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P – preterm births
A – abortions or miscarriages
L – current living children
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TORCH INFECTIONS
Toxoplasmosis They cause the
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Other (Hepatitis, Syphilis, HIV) worst damage
Rubella during the 1st
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Cytomegalovirus trimester.
Herpes simplex
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- Latent (0-3cm)/Active (4-7cm)/Transitional (8-10cm) 1. Stop oxytocin if infusing.
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2nd stage: Expulsion 2. Turn the client on the left side.
- Begins with complete dilation and ends with delivery of fetus. 3. Administer oxygen.
3rd stage: Placental 4. If hypovolemia is present, push IV fluids.
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- Begins immediately after fetus is born and ends when the PREGNANCY CATEGORY OF DRUGS
placenta is delivered. - Category A: No risk in controlled human studies
4th stage: maternal homeostatic stabilization - Category B: No risk in other studies.
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- Begins after the delivery of the placenta and continues for 1-4 - Category C: Risk not ruled out.
hours after delivery. - Category D: Positive evidence of risk.
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- Category X: Contraindicated in Pregnancy.
PLACENTA PREVIA ABRUPTIO PLACENTAE - Category N: Not yet classified.
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Aminoglycosides ototoxicity
FETAL ACELERATIONS AND DECELERATIONS Tetracyclines teeth discoloration & liver failure
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APGAR
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration
Score interventions:
8-10: no intervention required expect to support newborn’s
spontaneous efforts.
4-7: stimulate; rub newborn’s back; administer oxygen, rescore
at specific intervals.
0-3: requires full resuscitation; rescore at specific intervals.
FONTANELS COMPARTMENT SYNDROME
- Anterior: closes between 12-18 months of age. - It occurs when excessive pressure builds up inside an enclosed
- Posterior: closes between birth-2/3 months of age. muscle space in the body.
- It usually results from bleeding or swelling after an injury.
SIGNS OF A POSSIBLE HEART DEFECT (CORBIN) - The dangerously high pressure in compartment syndrome
Color: bluish skin or extremities. impedes the flow of blood to and from the affected tissues.
O2: low pulse oximetry percentage.
Rhythm: abnormal heart rate. Causes:
Breathing: heavy or labored. - Trauma, especially when it results in shock.
Increase in sweat, especially on the forehead. - Abdominal surgery, particularly liver transplant.
Nursing: trouble feeding and breathing at the same time or - Burns
poor appetite. - Sepsis.
- Severe ascites or abdominal bleeding.
IMMUNIZATIONS SCHEDULE - Pelvic fracture.
- Vigorous eccentric abdominal exercises (i.e. sit-ups on a back
Birth HepB extension machine in weight rooms).
*Vitamin K
2, 4, 6 months DTaP Five Ps of fractures and compartment syndrome:
DIHHPR (diaper) IPV (6-18 months) Pain.
HepB (2 & 4 months) Pallor.
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Hib Pulselessness.
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PCV Paresthesia.
Rotavirus Polar (cold).
*6 months: influenza
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yearly FIVE Fs OF GALLBLADDER DISEASE:
12-15 months Hib Fair.
Fat.
Harry V. Potter, MD Varicella
st Forty y/o.
PCV
Five pregnancies.
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MMR
DTaP (15-18 months) Flatulent.
*HepA (12-23 months: 2 *But it can occur in all ages and both sexes.
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here Meningococcal
HPV (1st: 11-12 y/o;2 Down Hypoglycemia Up Hyperglycemia
months after 1st; 6 months
after 1st / up to age 26) Signs & Symptoms
Adult Influenza yearly
Don’t HIT the adult TDaP q 10 years Addison’s Cushing’s
Elderly Herpes Zoster (60 y/o) Dark pigmentation Prone to infection
Don’t break your HIP Influenza yearly resistance to stress Muscle wasting
Pneumonvax-23 Fractures Weakness
Alopecia Edema
Weight loss Hypertension
SAFETY PRINCIPLES REGARDING TOYS
GI distress Hirsutism
- No small toys for children under age 4 y/o.
Moonface/Buffalo hump
- No metal (dycast) toys if O2 is in use (sparks).
- Beware of fomites (they harbor bacteria - stuffed animal is a Need to ADD hormone Have extra CUSHION of hormones
fomite).
- For a child 9 months, do not pick any of the answers with the Treatment:
words: build, make, construct, sort, stack. - Addison’s: Na intake; medications include mineral corticoids.
- Cushing’s: Na intake; observe for signs of infection.
Addison’s extra: - Thoracentesis: sitting on the side of the bed and leaning over
Managing stress is paramount, because if the adrenal the table (during procedure); affected side up (after
glands are stressed further it could result in Addisonian procedure).
crisis. - Spina bifida: position infant on prone so that sac does not
Blood pressure is the most important assessment rupture.
parameter, as it causes severe hypotension. - Buck’s traction: elevate foot of bed for counter-traction.
- Post total hip replacement: don’t sleep on operated side,
Addisonian crisis: nausea & vomiting, confusion, abdominal don’t flex hip more than 45-60º and don’t elevate HOB more
pain, extreme weakness, hypoglycemia, dehydration, than 45º; maintain hip abduction by separating thighs with
hypotension. pillows.
- Prolapsed umbilical cord: knee-chest position or
*Neutropenic patients should not receive vaccines, fresh fruits, Trendelenburg.
or flowers. - Cleft-lip: position on back or in infant seat to prevent trauma
to the suture line; while feeding, hold in upright position.
TREATMENT FOR SPIDER BITES/BLEEDING (RICE) - Cleft-palate: prone.
Rest. - Hemorrhoidectomy: assist to lateral position.
Ice. - Hiatal hernia: upright position.
Compression. - Preventing Dumping syndrome: eat in reclining position, lie
Elevate extremity. down after meals for 20-30min (also restrict fluids during
meals, low fiber diet, and small frequent meals).
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TREATMENT FOR SICKLE CELL CRISES (HHOP) - Enema administration: position patient in left-side lying (Sim’s
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Heat. position) with knees flexed.
Hydration. - Post supratentorial surgery (incision behind hairline): elevate
Oxygen. HOB 30-45º.
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Pain medications. - Post infratentorial surgery (incision at nape of neck): position
patient flat and lateral on either side.
POSITIONING PATIENTS - Increased ICP: high Fowler’s.
st - Laminectomy: back as straight as possible; log roll to move
- Asthma: orthopneic position where patient is sitting up and
bent forward with arms supported on a table or chair arms. and sand bag on sides.
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- Post bronchoscopy: flat on bed with head hyperextended. - Spinal cord injury: immobilize on spine board, with head in
- Cerebral aneurysm: high Fowler’s. neutral position; immobilize head with padded C-collar,
- Hemorrhagic stroke: HOB elevated 30º to reduce ICP and maintain traction and alignment of head manually; log roll
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facilitate venous drainage. patient and do not allow patient to twist or bend.
- Ischemic stroke: HOB flat. - Liver biopsy: right side lying with pillow or small towel under
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- Cardiac catheterization: keep site extended. puncture site for at least 3h.
- Epistaxis: lean forward. - Paracentesis: flat on bed or sitting.
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- Above knee amputation: elevate for first 24h on pillow, - Intestinal tubes: place patient on right side to facilitate
position on prone daily for hip extension. passage into duodenum.
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- Below knee amputation: foot of bed elevated for first 24h, - Nasogastric tubes: elevate HOB 30º to prevent aspiration.
position prone daily for hip extension. Maintain elevation for continuous feeding or 1h after
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- Tube feeding for patients with decreased LOC: position intermittent feedings.
patient on right side to promote emptying of the stomach with - Pelvic exam: lithotomy position.
HOB elevated to prevent aspiration. - Rectal exam: knee-chest position, Sim’s, or dorsal recumbent.
- Air/Pulmonary embolism: turn patient to left side and lower - During internal radiation: patient should be on bed rest while
HOB. implant is in place.
- Postural drainage: lung segment to be drained should be in - Autonomic dysreflexia: place patient in sitting position
the uppermost position to allow gravity to work. (elevate HOB) first before any other implementation.
- Post lumbar puncture: patient should lie flat in supine to - Shock: bed rest with extremities elevated 20º, knees straight,
prevent headache and leaking of CSF. head slightly elevated (modified Trendelenburg).
- Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI): catheter should be taped - Head injury: elevate HOB 30º to decrease intracranial
to thigh so legs should be kept straight. pressure.
- After myringotomy: position on the side of affected ear after - Peritoneal dialysis when outflow is inadequate: turn patient
surgery (allows drainage of secretion). side to side before checking for kinks in the tubing.
- Post cataract surgery: patient will sleep on unaffected side - Myelogram:
with a night shield for 1-4 weeks. - Water-based dye: semi-Fowler’s for at least 8h.
- Detached retina: area of detachment should be in the - Oil-based dye: flat on bed for at least 6-8h to prevent
dependent position. leakage of CSF.
- Post thyroidectomy: low or semi- Fowler’s, support head, - Air dye: Trendelenburg.
neck and shoulders.
STAIRS WITH CANE/CRUTCHES: INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY STEPS
“Up with the good, down with the bad” 1. Sit upright.
- Going up: “good” leg first, crutches, “bad” leg. 2. Exhale.
- Going down: crutches with “bad” leg, then “good” leg. 3. Insert mouthpiece.
4. Inhale for 3 seconds.
LEAD POISONING S/S (ABCDEFG): 5. Hold for 10 seconds.
Anemia.
Basophilic stripping. ELEVATED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE & SHOCK
Colicky pain.
Diarrhea. ICP SHOCK
Encephalopathy. Blood pressure
Foot drop. Heart rate
Gum (lead line).
Respiratory rate
NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME (FEVER):
Fever. DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS TREATMENT (KING UFC)
Encephalopathy. K+.
Vitals unstable. Insulin.
Elevated enzymes (CPK). Nasogastric tube: if comatose.
Rigidity of muscles. Glucose: once serum levels drop.
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Urea: monitoring.
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DIABETES INSIPIDUS SIADH Fluids: crystalloids.
Creatinine: monitor and catheterize.
- Low ADH, low water in - High ADH, water
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body. intoxication.
VERTEBRAL INJURIES
- Polyuria. - Oliguria.
- Hypernatremia. - Hyponatremia. Vertebrae Effect
- High hemoglobin, - Low serum
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C3 and Unable to care for self, life-sustaining
hematocrit and serum osmolality.
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above ventilator is essential.
osmolality from - Weight gain.
dehydration. - Risk: seizures. May use a lightweight wheelchair; feed
- Risk: hypovolemic - TX: fluid restriction. at C6 self with devices; write and care for self;
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"Know the ABCD'S of anticholinergic side effects" Some independence from wheelchair;
at T1-T4
Anorexia. long-leg braces for standing exercises.
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LEFT SIDE (FORCED) RIGHT SIDE (BACONED) - Hepatobiliary: low-fat, high protein, vitamins.
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Fatigue. Bloating. - Hirschsprung's disease: low fiber, high calorie/protein before
Orthopnea. Anorexia. surgery.
Rales/Restlesness. Cyanosis/Cool legs. - Hypertension, heart failure, CAD: low-sodium, calorie-
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Cyanosis/Confusion. Oliguria. restricted, fat-controlled.
Extreme weakness. Nausea. - Kidney stones: increased fluid intake, calcium-controlled,
Dyspnea. Edema. low-oxalate.
Distended neck veins.
st - Meniere’s: low sodium, avoid caffeine, nicotine and alcohol.
- Nephrotic syndrome: sodium-restricted, high-calorie, high-
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CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE TX (UNLOAD FAST) protein, potassium-restricted.
Upright position. - Obesity/Overweight: calorie-restricted, high-fiber .
Nitrates. - Ostomy: high calorie/protein/carb; low residue before
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- No specific patient teaching. (huge nucleus in cells).
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* If it starts with G, it thins the blood. Do not give with - Retinal detachment: flashes of light, shadow with curtain
warfarin, aspirin and heparin. across vision.
- Basilar skull fracture: raccoon eyes (periorbital ecchymosis)
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COMMON ANTIDOTES and Battle’s sign (mastoid ecchymosis).
Warfarin ........................................................... Vitamin K - Buerger’s disease: intermittent claudication (pain at buttocks
Benzodiazepines ............................................ Flumanezil or legs from poor circulation resulting in impaired walking).
Heparin ............................................... Protamine Sulfate
st - Diabetic ketoacidosis: acetone breathe.
Opioids ............................................................. Naloxone - Pre-eclampsia: proteinuria, hypertension, edema.
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Anticholinergics ....................................... Physostigmine - Diabetes mellitus: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria.
Beta Blockers ....................................................Glucagon - Hirschsprung’s Disease (Toxic Megacolon): ribbon-like stool.
Methotrexate .......................... Folinic Acid (Leucovorin) - Herpes Simplex Type II: painful vesicles on genitalia.
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Tricyclic antidepressants ................ Sodium Bicarbonate - Genital Warts: warts 1-2 mm in diameter.
Digoxin .......................... Digoxin Immune Fab (Digiband) - Syphilis: painless chancres.
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- Pulmonary tuberculosis: low-grade afternoon fever. - Chlamydia: milky discharge and painful urination.
- Pneumonia: rust-colored sputum. - Candidiasis: white cheesy odorless vaginal discharges.
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- Asthma: wheezing on expiration. - Trichomoniasis: yellow, itchy, frothy, and foul-smelling vaginal
- Emphysema: barrel chest. discharges.
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- Pernicious anemia: red beefy tongue. - Pulmonary edema: pink, frothy sputum, tachypnea, use of
- Cholera: rice-watery stool and wrinkled hands from accessory muscles, crackles, anxiety/restlessness (Tx:
dehydration. furosemide).
- Malaria: stepladder like fever with chills.
- Typhoid: rose spots in the abdomen. INSULINS
- Dengue: fever, rash, and headache; positive Herman’s sign.
- Diphtheria: pseudo membrane formation.
Type Name Onset Peak Duration
- Measles: Koplik’s spots (clustered white lesions on buccal
mucosa). Lispro
- Systemic lupus erythematosus: butterfly rash. Rapid (Humalog)
<15min 1h 3h
- Leprosy: leonine facies (thickened folded facial skin). acting Aspart
- Appendicitis: rebound tenderness at McBurney’s point; (NovoLog)
Rovsing’s sign (palpation of LLQ elicits pain in RLQ); psoas sign Short Regular
(pain from flexing the thigh to the hip). acting (Novolin R/ 1h 2h 4h
- Meningitis: Kernig’s sign (stiffness of hamstrings causing (clear) Humulin R)
inability to straighten the leg when the hip is flexed to 90º); Interme-
Brudzinski’s sign (forced flexion of the neck elicits a reflex Isophane
diate 4h 8h 12h
flexion of the hips). (NPH)
(cloudy)
- Tetany: hypocalcemia; positive Trousseau’s and Chvostek
Long Glargine Slow
sign. - 24h
acting (Lantus) absortion
MEDICATION MISCELLANEOUS HALOPERIDOL ADVERSE EFFECTS:
- Drowsiness.
HIGH ALERT MEDICATIONS - Insomnia.
- Insulin. - Weakness.
- Opiates and narcotics. - Headache
- Injectable potassium chloride (or phosphate) concentrate. - Extrapyramidal symptoms: akathisia, tardive dyskinesia,
- IV coagulants (heparin). dystonia.
- Sodium chloride solutions >0.9%.
ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE:
- Treatment of GERD and kidney stones.
NARROW THERAPEUTIC RANGE DRUGS
- WOF: constipation.
- Gentamicin.
- Vancomycin.
HYDROXYZINE:
- Warfarin.
- Treatment of anxiety and itching.
- Lithium.
- WOF: dry mouth.
- Digoxin.
- Theophylline.
MIDAZOLAM:
- Methotrexate.
- Given for conscious sedation.
- Phenytoin.
- WOF: respiratory depression and hypotension.
- Insulin.
- Ciclosporin.
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AMIODARONE
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- Take missed dose any time in the day or skip it entirely.
TUBERCULOSIS DRUGS (RIPE):
- Do not take double dose.
Rifampicin
- WOF: diaphoresis, dyspnea, lethargy.
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Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
WARFARIN (COUMADIN)
Ethambutol
- Stress importance of complying with prescribed dosage and
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follow-up appointments.
*Rifampicin: causes red-orange tears and urine.
- WOF: signs of bleeding, diarrhea, fever, rash.
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*Ethambutol: causes problems with vision, liver problem.
*Isoniazid: can cause peripheral neuritis; take vitamin B6 to
METHYLPHENIDATE (RITALIN)
counter.
- Treatment of ADHD.
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growth.
patients who take MAOI’s.
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PYRIDIUM:
PHENYTOIN
- Urinary tract analgesic and spasmolytic - Enteral feedings: stop the feeding 1-2h before and after the
- Not an anti-infective administration of the phenytoin because the enteral feedings
- Turns urine bright orange. decrease its absorption.
- Flush with 30-50ml of NaCl before and after the
NITROGLYCERINE PATCH is administered up to three times administration of phenytoin.
with intervals of five minutes.
*WOF: Watch Out For
MORPHINE:
- Contraindicated in pancreatitis because it causes spasms of
the Sphincter of Oddi.
- Meperidine (Demerol) should be given.
CLOZAPINE:
- A significant associated toxic risk is blood dyscrasia.
DIGOXIN:
- Assess pulses for a full minute, if less than 60 bpm hold dose.
- Check digitalis and potassium levels.