Mean Magnetic Path Length For toroidal powder cores, the effective area(A isthe same as the ross sectional area. By definition and Ampere's Law, the effective magnetic path length isthe ratio of ampere-tums (to the average magnetizing force. Using Ampere’s law and averaging the magnetizing force gives the formuia for effective path length. 00 = outside ciameter of core (cm) 1D = inside diameter of core (em) A = core cross section (effective area) = mean magnetic path length (em) ‘The Q factors defined as the rato of reactance tothe effective resistance for an inductor and thus indicates ts quality. The Q of wound core ‘an be calculated using the following formula, when neglecting the effects of self resonance caused by the distributed capacitance resulting from the cferenial voltage between adjacent tums, Q = qualty factor © = 2 frequency renz) ol t inductance (henries) Q = “RaRAR: Rac = DC wing resistance (ohms) Rac = resistance due to core loss ohms) Ra = resistance due to winding dielectric loss (ohms) Powder cores have low hysteresis joss, minimizing signal distortion, an low residual loss. The total core loss at low flux densities i the sum of three frequency dependent losses of hysteresis loss, residual loss, and eddy current loss. The core loss is calculated from the following Lega's equation. Where Rac = core loss resistance (ohms) a = hysteresis loss coeficient ic residual loss coefficient e ‘= eddy current oss coefficient i: L.Brax f= same as mentioned before Re. = aBnuftcttef? : Fey curent loss Residual loss i Loss | Total oss factor _ When a varying magnetic field passes through the core, eddy currents ae induced in it Joule heat loss by this current is called edly current loss. Hysteresis loss is due tothe ireversible behavior in hysteresis curve and equal to the enclosed area ofthe loop. The other core loss is called residual loss