SAMARA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF

CIVICS AND ETHICAL STUDIES
THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT TO ENHANCE SOCIO-ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT IN CASE OF BONGA TOWN
SENIOR ESSAY SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIALFULFILMENT FOR THE
REQUIREMENT OF BACHELOR OF ART (BA) DEGREE IN CIVICS AND
ETHICAL STUDIES

PREPARED BY: ZEKROS KIFLE

ADVISOR: Mr. HADUSH.G(MA)

JAN, 2021
SEMERA, AFAR, ETHIOA
Acknowledgement
Firstly, I would like thankful to the almighty God who blessed me to the success of
my fifteen years struggle. God has given me strength to pass all difficulties
throughout course of degree. Secondly, I would like to express my sincere and
deepest gratitude to my advisor Mr.Hadush (MA) for his valuable academic advises
and constructive comments until I had finished this study. Lastly, I am very grateful
to thank all my family and friends for their love and support of financial and other
necessary things.

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Abstract
The study emphasis on the area of local government that promotes peoples
participation in decision making process as well as in the government affairs. The
aim of the research was to investigate and describe the role of local government in
enhancing socioeconomic development in the case of Bonga town. For this purpose,
both primary and secondary data have been used to grasp the information needed for
the desired result. Primary data were collected from the administrative official and
residents of Bonga town through interview. Whereas secondary data has been
collected from different books mainly through review literature. The gathered data
has analyzed and summarized by qualitative ways. The result of study was expected
to be valuable input for potential development of community. The finding has been
explained with supporting data in approximate format along with validation of the
result. The study found that local government empowers citizen to participate in
economic, social and political matters. In turn, participation and involvement of
citizen every aspects of their life help to secure development. Local government is
an important avenue for efficiency gain by enabling direct link between local
provision of service and local tasks. It is important strategies that enable citizens to
express their real development needs and ensure sustainable development.
Generally, depending on the finding, the research summarized the role of local
government in bringing socioeconomic development in Bonga town.
Key words: Local Governance, the role of local government, Bonga town.

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Table of Contents
Acknowledgement ................................................................................................................................... I

Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... II

Chapter one ............................................................................................................................................. 1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1. Background of the study .............................................................................................................. 1

1.3 Objective of the Study................................................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 .General Objective ................................................................................................................. 3
1.3.2. Specific Objectives ............................................................................................................... 3
1.4. Research Questions ...................................................................................................................... 3
1.5. Significance of the study .............................................................................................................. 3
1.6. The scope and Delimitation of the study ...................................................................................... 3
1.7. Organization of the study ............................................................................................................. 4
Chapter Two ............................................................................................................................................ 5

2.1. The Definition and Concepts of Local Government .................................................................... 5

2.2. Dimension of Local Government ................................................................................................. 5
2.2.1. Social Dimension .................................................................................................................. 5
2.2.2. Economic Dimension ............................................................................................................ 6
2.2.3. Administrative Dimension ..................................................................................................... 6
2.3. Function and Role of Local Government ..................................................................................... 6
2.3.1. The socioeconomic and Development Role of Local Government ....................................... 7
2.4. Characteristics of Local Government........................................................................................... 8
2.5. Local Government in the Ethiopian context ................................................................................ 9
2.5.1. Local Government under sub National Constitution ........................................................... 10
2.5.2. Powers of Local Government in Ethiopia ........................................................................... 10
2.6. Bonga town as Local Government in SNNPRegional State ...................................................... 10
Chapter Three........................................................................................................................................ 12

Research Method and Methodology ..................................................................................................... 12

3.1. Description of the Study Area .................................................................................................... 12

3.2. Research Approach and Design ................................................................................................. 12
3.3. Source and Tools of Data Collection.......................................................................................... 12
 3.4. Sampling Techniques and Sampling size ................................................................................... 13
3.4.1.Sample Size .......................................................................................................................... 13
3.5. Data Analysis and Interpretation ................................................................................................ 13
3.6. Limitation of the Study .............................................................................................................. 13
3.7. Ethical Consideration ................................................................................................................. 13
Chapter Four ......................................................................................................................................... 14

4. Data Analysis and Interpretation ....................................................................................................... 14

4.1. The Service of Local Governments ............................................................................................ 14

4.2. The Role of Local Government to Enhancing Socioeconomic Development in Bonga town. .. 14
4.3. The Challenge's and Solutions of Local Government in Enhancing Socioeconomic
Development. .................................................................................................................................... 14
4.3.1.Challenges of Local Government ......................................................................................... 14
4.3.2. The Solutions for Local problems ....................................................................................... 15
4.4. Road Construction...................................................................................................................... 15
4.5. Health Service ............................................................................................................................ 15
4.6. Clean Water Services in Bonga town ......................................................................................... 16
4.7. The Possible Ways to Decrease the Problems of the Local Government in Enhancing
Socioeconomic Development............................................................................................................ 16
4.8. Budget Administration in Bonga town ....................................................................................... 16
Chapter Five .......................................................................................................................................... 18

5.1. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 18

5.2. Recommendation ....................................................................................................................... 18
Reference .............................................................................................................................................. 20

Appendix ............................................................................................................................................... 21

I. Permission for Interview................................................................................................................ 21

II.Leading Questions for interview concerning on Local Government:............................................ 21
IV.Personal Information .................................................................................................................... 22
Chapter one
Introduction

1.1. Background of the study

Local government refers to public institutions which has legal responsibility,
component of the state structure, below the level of central government and
accountable to citizens and also it is composed of deliberative or policy making
body or councilor assembly and executive body or the mayor or other executive
officer, directly or indirectly elected or selected at local level (European
Commission, 2013).Local government is the adequate autonomy, sound financial
base educated body of chairman and councillor's;improved executive capacity
,appropriate functions and suitable structure(Ogunna,2007).Local government is an
institution which deal with matter concerning the people living in the particular
locality .local government is also an institution have allowed effective participation
and involvement of local people in their affairs. It represent the microscopic
interests of the locality leading to the broader concept of welfare and happiness of
its people (Tasneemsiander,2015).Local government expected to be involved in
socioeconomic development has been major issue for many years .It's argued from
the point of view of neoclassical theorists, that governments and their units can
do(Todaro and Smith, 2006).Recently, number of scholarly books articles and
panels at conferences have dealt the growing importance of local government as
providers of local services ,valuable partners in community development arena and
successful laboratory for local democracy(For bring,2011) and
(Randinell,2006).Local government system in most of the countries, sustain close
relationship with its citizens in giving better services (Stoker,2011).Local
governments are improving their performance by playing every significant role in
providing better cooperation together with the people at local level concerning
community development. A policy makers are concerning high level of community
participation in local development to provide a good reason for the continued
existence of local government and to retain strong state power(Jossep,2004)and
(New manetal,2004).The proximity of the local government to the grass roots
makes it especially suited to provide certain functions for more efficiency and in a
more cost effective manner the much more remote government at the higher level
(Abutudu,2011.According to developmental school, local government is a tool for
the promotion of national consciousness and national integration(Ibid).

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Decentralization within the state involves a transfer of authority to perform some
service to the public, from an individual or agency in central government to some
other individual or agency which closer the public to be served. The basis for such
transfer is most often territorial, that is grounded on the desire to place authority at
lower level in territorial hierarchy and those geographically closer to service
provider and (Islander, 2015).Through the empowerment of local government that
municipal programs, plans and service professions have a higher livelihood of
reflecting local needs more accurately then in centralized system of governance
(Materu, 2011).
Generally, the focus of this research is to investigate the role of local government to
enhancing local socioeconomic development in the Bonga town, Keffa zone, SNNP
Regional state, Ethiopia.

1.2. Statement of the problem

In line with statement with current global trend of stream lining the most developing
countries have developed power to grass root institution with a view to enhance
development. However, in reality such devolution have in many cases been quite
inefficient to achieve the intended goals. Bonga town is one of the self-government
unit which has elected councils, executive and have their respective administrative
structure. This level of government can prepare and approve its own budget and
implement local socio-economic development project like road, education, and
clean water service and health center. But the administration of Bonga town have
some problems in the town, for example lack of enough basic social service and
infrastructures, like electric power, road, clean water, school and hospital and lack
of social development plan performance problem on giving equal service for the
people. Hence, this study attempted to investigate the role which local government
as decentralized public institution can play in the development process. And also
this research would be intended to distribute the scarce of socioeconomic service in
Bonga town. Therefore, this research would strive to search the role of local
government in enhancing socioeconomic development and aspires to forward some
possible mechanism to fill the above problem in Bonga town contexts.

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1.3 Objective of the Study

1.3.1 .General Objective

The main objective of the study is to investigate the role of local government in
enhancing socioeconomic development in Bonga town.

1.3.2. Specific Objectives

The specific objectives of the study are:
1. To describe the role of local government in addressing the socioeconomic interest
of the local people in Bonga town.
2. To identify the possible way of enhancing the local socioeconomic development
by local government in Bonga town
3. To describe challenges in enhancing socioeconomic by local governments in
Bonga town.

1.4. Research Questions

1. What are the roles of local government in addressing socioeconomic interest of
the local people in Bonga town?
2. How for local government possible to enhancing socioeconomic development in
Bonga town?
3. What are the challenges in enhancing socioeconomic development in Bonga
town?

1.5. Significance of the study

The study is expected to carry out the role in decision making by communities and
officials in Bonga town. In might help to be aware about advertise at the people of
local government. This study also helps as reference for other researchers to
conduct for their investigation related this thematic area. So this research would
have great role in the role of government to enhance local socioeconomic
development.

1.6. The scope and Delimitation of the study

The scope of the study would focus on the role of local governance in promoting
socioeconomic development only in Bonga town administration officer's experts
and different employees. It is difficult to cover the whole mark of Bonga town Kaffa

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Zone of SNNP region geographic location because of it is impossible to manage the
study short period of time and availability of exact source and additionally it is
needs high cost or much time. So the researchers focused in the Bonga town only.

1.7. Organization of the study

The study would be organized under five chapters. Chapter one would cover
introductory part of the study. That includes background of the study, statement of
the problem, objective of the study, research question, and significance of the study,
scope and delimitation of the study. Chapter two would be deal with review or the
literature. It covers concept and definition of local government. This section deals
with the definition and meaning of local government to enhancing socioeconomic
development. Chapter three covers the methodology part. Chapter four deal with
data presentation and discussion. Chapter five would provide and contain the
conclusion and recommendations of the study.

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Chapter Two
2.1. The Definition and Concepts of Local Government
Local government may loosely defined as public organization authorized to decide
and administer to limited range of public polices with in relatively small territory
which is sub decision of regional or national government (Encyclopedia of social
science, 2008).Local government is at the bottom of a pyramid of governmental
institutions with the national government at the top and intermediate governments
(state, regions, provinces) occupying the middle range. Normally, local government
has general jurisdiction and is not confined to the performance of one specific
function or service (Ibid).
Accordingly to article 50(4) of the FDRE constitution, it was a result of compromise
to accommodate two important interests to provide responsibility regarding the
creation of local government to regional states and ensuing the establishment of
autonomous local government. The comprise was the local government should be a
state competence, however, it was clearly stated that the local government should
not be agents of state government but should have some level of autonomy (Assefa,
2007),
All over the world, local governments have been assigned some function under law.
Local government generally seen as veritable agent of development and grass roots
participation in the local area. Local government particularly in developing
countries seen as a veritable instrument for local development (Ezeane,2006).Local
government as political subdivision of a nation (in system) States which is
constituted by law and has substantial control of local affairs including the power to
impose taxes or exact labor for prescribed purposes. The government body of such
as entity is elected or otherwise locally selected (Ola and Touwe, 2009).

2.2. Dimension of Local Government

Local government as multi-dimensional concept can be connived as follows.

2.2.1. Social Dimension

From the social dimension, local government is basically social institution and it is
an organized social entity interaction to the one another. These emanates from the
fact the man is socially animal and must of necessity interact with the other people
(Ola and To use, 2009).Local government provides pant form for people in their
locality to express and to fill their urge to interact and process of interaction, the
filling of convergence being to the fore the commonality of basic needs of people in

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the neighborhood, shelter, clothing and water. It is faces of their filling of oneness
that are a binding force not only among themselves but also the local authority on
the local people (Ibid).

2.2.2. Economic Dimension

Local government is basically an economic institution as most of it roles are to
promote the economic wellbeing of the people of the local level. The economic
dimension of the concept of local government relate to it economic veritable. Where
revenue generation becomes the primary function of local government.

2.2.3. Administrative Dimension

In fact the local government is operationally an administrative organization with the
influence of politics administration and technology. The local government authority
is placed in such a way that both as the units of local self-government and they at
succeed in achieving the optimum results without sacrificing the norms of
Democracy (Adetoriste, 2011).Initially local government may face some problems
but with attainment of maturity, local government, may produce result that may
combine the two worlds, Democratic and bureaucratic (Akbar, 1982).

2.3. Function and Role of Local Government

Local government as body of knowledge as well as practices is the focuses of efforts
at promoting development. It becomes obvious that to effectively develop, the
people most be adequately mobilized and local government improving the
socioeconomic condition. Resource mobilization is to provide framework within
which local resources, both human and material are effectively mobilized
(Adamolekun, 2002).
Local government should be able to exercise all governmental power that mean
legislative, executive, and administrative power. The function competences
developed to local government should be appropriate to tithe function should be
with in implementing capacity of local unit. Local government is subordinate
system of it government it has both legal and constitutional lower to perform certain
legislative and administration functions and has the power to make policies, prepare
budget and measure of control over its own staff. Administrative body called the
local government service composed of career civil servants to assist in formulating
and implementing law and policies (Bentham, 1996).
The roles of local government are in some ways similar to those of central
government exist to provide for development service to the people and provide
security for the citizens and ensures of citizenry in a government and these local
government roles it includes.

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2.3.1. The socioeconomic and Development Role of Local Government
Services of local governments are primary or basic in nature as reflected in their
functions. Some of these are basis health, basic education, agriculture and revenue
raising functions. In providing socioeconomic services local government have to
work with community groups and citizenry to harness community energies and
input to development and Ethiopian government drives to brings socioeconomic
development in the country is reflected in various strategies, policies and sector
development program it has developed sector development program on education,
health, road, agriculture, food security, energy and water resources are clear
indication of the government institution to improve the life standards of the people
(Tegegn and Tyaye,2007).
Economic development is the process of the level of prosperity through increased
production, distribution and consumption of good and service developments, on the
other hand refers to complete of social dynamics (interplay of social structure,
process and relationships) and focused on :first the social concerned of the people
has objective of development. Second, people centered, participation approaches to
development. Purpose of economic development is to improve the social and
material wellbeing of all individual and social institutions with the goal of achieving
the highest possible way level of human development (Jaunmarie, 2002).
Social development is about inclusive, social justice and the common good. The
indicators of social development provide comparative information about area such
as income, poverty, employment security, education, health, crimes and civil
participation.

2.3.2. Political Development Role of Local Government

The other function of local government lays in sustaining the Democracy. If
democracy is to function properly many citizens as possible should be in courage
and provided with opportunities to take continuing interest in it is activities and
problems. In a Democracy people have to work with great patience and
preservance.In the long run, we may find that progress achieved under Democratic
method in more firm and more solid than under totalitarian set up people should
have face in democracy and is like re-posting face in them. Since face sustains
people's Patience; people can acquire this face more easily though experience of
working in Democratic institutions (Anwar, 2002).
The success of national democracy largely depends upon the success democracy at
the grass root level. The proposition that self-governing localities are the stressed by
an advisory committee the commission on intergovernmental relation (USA): Local
governments are to total government what basic issues are to human body without
the governments have no vitality. The countries, cities, town, villages and a serve as

7
training for the leaders, of governments, and in the affairs of local government are
trained those who aspire to state and national officers (Ibid).

2.4. Characteristics of Local Government

According to Lockard (2001), there are certain characteristics on which the systems
of local government are based, some of its important characteristics are as follows:-
(A)Local Areas:-A local government unit as far as its jurisdictions concerned has a
well-defined area which is fixed by the concerned state government. This area can
be termed a society, a town or a village. The territorial limits of local government or
local body units are fixed by the state government subject to changes from time to
time through legislation.
(B)Local Authority:-The administration of particular locality is run by an authority
or body of person who are elected directly by the people residing in that particular
area. The authority which includes the elected representatives of the people is
responsible for management of local affairs in that area.
(C)Civic Amenity for Local Inhabitants:-The primary objective of local
government is to provide certain civic amenity to the people at their door steps. The
provision of this civic amenity insured the health giving of local community. These
services are specifically meant for those inhabitants who are living that restricted
area for which local government units has been created. It has been rightly pointed
out that this entire amenity which lives better, physically, economically, socially and
culturally should be assigned to the inhabitants.
(D)Local Finance:-In order to perform its functions effectively it is necessary that
every local government is provided adequate finances. The services provided to the
local inhabitants are largely financed out of finance raised locally. The local
inhabitants are required to pay taxes imposed by the concerned local authority. It is
the authority of local government. However, unlike other level of government that
accords it unique position among corporate bodies this authority has legal and
constitutional basis. In fact the local government possess revenue raising and
spending authority only to the extent that the state or central government grantees it
to them.
(E)Local Autonomy:-Local autonomy means the freedom of local government to
decide and act in the sphere of activities and functions all offered to them by statue
under which they are created. Among other things it implies the legal right of
inhabitants of local area to choice their representatives to govern the locality
concerned, to the laws formed by the local council and to adopt the budge. It is
however, to be under stood the authorities which have been given the responsibility
to run the local government are neither sovereign no shelf-created entities and they

8
will have depend upon higher levels of government for their creation rank, powers
and functions.
(F)Local Participation:-The success of failure of developmental plans at the local
level depends upon the active participation of local people for whom these plans are
made. Its local government which provides an opportunities to the local people to
participate in administration. If the goals of development have to be achieved
people participation is prerequisite for it.
(G)Local Leadership:-The people who come under the preview of local
government, especially those living in rural areas are generally illiterate,
inexperienced, non-provisional and an aware about the function of local bodies.
Strong leadership is provided to the people from the local area in the shape elected
representatives and elected office bearers of the elected councils in regard to the
policies and programmers of the government.

2.5. Local Government in the Ethiopian context

System and structure of local government fitting to circumstances. The formerly
centralized unitary state that becomes a federal state about twenty five years ago.
Having created nine subs national unities commonly refers to as regional States.
Those are:-Tigray,Afar,Amhara, Oromia, Somalia, Benshangulgumuz,Southern
nation, nationalities, and people,Gambela,Harari,and the two city administration of
Addis Ababa and Dire dawn city administrations of the country's 1995 FDRE
constitution makes passing reference to the local government, only to interact and
authorize the regional state's to establish local government and determines it tiers,
powers and functions. To this and other effects the constitutions also authorizes then
to draft, adopt and amend their own constitutions there by allowing of the regional
state to use its constitutions to design and adopt a
The FDRE constitution true Ethiopians federal dispensation provides for the
establishment of two orders of government structured of Federal and state level.
State government is established in each of the nine regional states. Each of them has
legislative house, called state or regional council with the power to adopt a state
constitution and in act proclamations in state matters. In addition, each regional
state has a Parliamentary, executive council led by regional chief administrator or
President (FDRE constitution 1995;Article 50).There are immense territorial, social
and economic difference among the nine regional state's consisting the Ethiopian
federation. In view of this factor, no single system of local governance is likely to
suit all nine of Ethiopian regional state. The FDRE constitution investigates that
each regional state establishes a system appropriate to it by means of its
constitution. The FDRE constitution investigates the establishment of two
categories of local government, ethnic and regular local governments (Ayele and
Fesha, 2012).

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Ethnic local government or more appropriately sub regional government is
investigated under article 39(3) of FDRE constitution. This profession recognizes
the rights of each ethnic community in the country territorial autonomy; without
however implying that every ethnic community can have it is own regional state.
The regular local government is investigated under article 50(4) of FDRE
constitution. The objective for the establishment of this category of local
government is enhancing Democratic participation of the public and the provision
of service delivery (Ibid).

2.5.1. Local Government under sub National Constitution

Each of the regional state's has it is own constitution. The regional constitutions
were adopted soon after the promulgation of the Federal constitution in 1995.These
constitutions have established the regular or ethnic local governments. The woredas
is created through the regional constitution; cities are created the creatures of
ordinary regional statutes. Woredas and cities are established on a wall to wall basis
to enhancing public participation and ensuing the provision of basis services (Stele,
2014).
Ethnic local government made up of liyuworedas and nationality zone is established
as per article 39 of the federal constitution with the purpose of allowing
intraregional minority ethnic communities to exercise some form
self-government.Aliyuworeda is made up of a single Woreda. It is liyu (special)
Woredas as opposed simply to a Woreda, because it is boundaries and demarcated
along ethnic lines and it is meant to serve as a territorial area where in the relevant
ethnic community exercise self-government. A nationality zone is established to
serve the sole purpose as the as the liyuworedas as it covers two or more woredas
inhabited by particular ethnic community. The organizational structure of local
government was starts from federal to region to nationality zone to Woredas or city
to kebele (Vander Bekam, 2007).

2.5.2. Powers of Local Government in Ethiopia

In general terms, to adopt and implement its own plans on matters relating
economic and social development. In practice, Woreda exercise function relating to
the delivery of basic state services such as education, water, agriculture and
so,on.cities also provide what are refers to as municipal services sewerage, garbage
collection, urban roads over and above providing state services including water and
education. Liyuworedas and nationality zones are responsible for promoting the
language and culture of the relevant ethnic communities.

2.6. Bonga town as Local Government in SNNPRegional State

Bonga is one of the zones of Kaffa in SNNP regional state's and is border by the
south Gimbo special Woreda.The zone has distance of 447km from capital city of
federal states. The zone has twelve wired as and one administrative city this are

10
Bonga town administration. Kaffa zone are a SNNP ethnic group living in southern
Ethiopia. They are known by their agro pastoral life style. The socioeconomic
activities of the zone are currently much more focused by governments. The
agricultural production of the Kaffa zone is mainly depending crop production and
cash production behalf of pastoralists, crop production mainly known are maize,
bean's,,barely,and others and it also cash crops such as coffee, kororma,chat, and
others. The social services of the Kaffa zone is increase from time to time when
compare the previous government with the recent one. The role of local government
to in enhancing socioeconomic development in Bonga town is key important.
Because the Kaffa zones are found in the pastoralists areas for provision of
infrastructures developments and economic well-being of society and also they are
far from the central government and characterized by extremely poor economic and
infrastructures development, having been marginalized by previous national
regime.

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Chapter Three
Research Method and Methodology
3.1. Description of the Study Area
Bonga is a town and separate Woreda in south western Ethiopia located south west
of jimma in the Kaffa zone of SNNPR up on a hill in the upper barta valley. At
distance of 447 km from Addis Ababa and 270 km from regional capital city
Hawassa. its astronomical location is 7°16° N latitude and 36°14° E longitude with
an elevation of 1.714 meters above sea-level.
The original forest area covers about 161.424 ha; now including forest land,
settlement areas, grazing land and agricultural land, and stretching across the
boundaries of 12 contiguous woreda's: Decha, Gimbo, Bita, Tello, Chena, Cheta,
Gewatta, Gesha, Adiyo, Sailem, Shisho ende and Goba dish. each of has urban and
rural kebele's.
There are 84 services cooperatives in the zone out of which 12 are forest coffee
cooperatives. based on 2007 national census conducted by central static agency
Ethiopia (CSA).
Kaffa zone has a population of 851,063 of which 417,605 where females. The
study population of this study where the role of local government in Bonga town.

3.2. Research Approach and Design

This research used qualitative research approach or method. The study would be
descriptive approach to describe the role of local government in enhancing
socioeconomic development in Bonga town. This approach would be important to
find out major factors that brought change in the service and infrastructure provision
of Bonga town.

3.3. Source and Tools of Data Collection

In this study both primary and secondary data would be consumed. The primary
data would be collected from response of individual members of community and
administration of Bonga town. The secondary data would be collected from
literature’s or written materials.

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3.4. Sampling Techniques and Sampling size
Sampling techniques is a process of using small number of population from the
large number of population. To conduct the study researcher would use none
probably sampling techniques. Because the size and the number of sample
determined by the researcher. The researchers would use purposive sampling.
Because those selected sampling population consider that have adequate
information about local government. Purposive sampling techniques would be used
for interview. Because of assumption of the research would have provided greater
detail about local government under study.

3.4.1.Sample Size
Keffa zone has a population of 851,063 amoung which 417,605 are female and
433,458 are male central statistical agency of Ethiopia (CSA, 2007).In short, due to
the finance and times constraints, the researchers will be focus on selected districts
I.e decha, gimbo and cheta.

3.5. Data Analysis and Interpretation

To analyze the data collected a qualitative analyze methods, employed have been
qualitative data which interview and personal observation was also analyzed in
descriptive techniques. It generated from written materials where analyzed using
simple descriptive study. The qualitative data collected using key informants.

3.6. Limitation of the Study

The limitation of the study were, lack of enough relevant books, and documented
materials, lack of finance, limitation of time and to collect accurate information and
the study of the research area was wide.

3.7. Ethical Consideration

The research has certain ethical standards and considerations suggested (Kvale,
2009).These includes informing the participants about the purpose of research,
voluntary participation, confidentiality, avoiding dependent relations and etc. The
research would conduct after gating full willingness and consent from the
participants. Participation in interview will voluntary and the respondents have the
right to abstain from answering from question

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Chapter Four
4. Data Analysis and Interpretation
This chapter deals with the data presentation and analysis from the interview
through the qualitative forms. This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation
of the data obtained or collected from interview and different sources. The
interviews were conducted from the administrative manager of the Bonga town
and the people to know about local governments.

4.1. The Service of Local Governments

According to my respondents,they are known the service of local government to
enhancing socioeconomic development. Those service of local governments are
road, health, clean water and different infrastructures to enhancing socioeconomic
development in the Bonga town. Service of local government in socioeconomic
process. As from the interviews the respondent's answered that the key know the
service of local government in socioeconomic process of the Bonga town.

4.2. The Role of Local Government to Enhancing Socioeconomic

Development in Bonga town.
According to the respondents, the role of local government to enhancing
socioeconomic development very important for the well-being of society. The roles
of local government are verified for the provision of social services to the people at
the local. Because local government is close to the public for the distinction of
resources equally among the people.

4.3. The Challenge's and Solutions of Local Government in Enhancing

Socioeconomic Development.

4.3.1. Challenges of Local Government

As from interviews, there are many challenges to the local government to enhancing
socioeconomic development in the Bonga town. Those challenges of local
government in enhancing socioeconomic developments are examples like that of,
there is a lack of enough and quality of hydroelectric power especially from ruler
areas or Kebles,lack of clean waters and distribution of water resources, quality of
road, inadequate of health services. There are many challenges according to my
informants local government to enhancing socioeconomic development of Bonga
town. First, lack for training and qualified personal’s, the greatest challenges in
institution long functioning local government of Bonga town administration are
serious problems of skilled and expertise in the area of management finance, human
14
resource management and service delivery socio-service to the community are also
the problem of local government. Second, lack of accountability for their decision
and action and effective management with clear objective to gives priority for their
aims well designed producers, manual and polices, since the personal area less
experienced and sectors have filed with requisite number of the less qualified
personal, they are not capable for effective management of the objective, the
existence of corruption is another challenges of local government and to the
socioeconomic development of Bonga town susceptible to corruption because of
interaction between private industrial and official, as the respondents said the reason
behind this, is the in efficiently and in capable of the personal to manage the
resource of the Bonga town.
Third, there is poor infrastructural development this is one of the most constraints of
Bonga town. In this town the provision of requisite infrastructure in adequately
distribution particularly, electricity's especially in ruler areas, transportation are to
poor ones, road construction and lack of development plan is the other challenges of
lost government in bringing socioeconomic development of the Bonga town.

4.3.2. The Solutions for Local problems

According to the interview respondents the solutions for the existing problems are:-
According to respondents in Bonga town most of time in society participate in
illegal act of corruption, the higher organ of government take strong measurement
those who are breaking the role and regulations of local governments. According to
the respondents of Bonga town administration responded the solution of the existing
rock problems is to select high capacity of leaders and those leaders must
accountability and transparency for the society and additionally the regional
government to support sufficient budget for different infrastructure like road
construction, electric service, water service, building schools, hospitals and
societies make local government plans works on clear ways.

4.4. Road Construction

According to respondents the quality level of medium construction in the Bonga
town, the road construction in the town are very medium in terms of quality. To
some extent exist in construction such as Bonga-gedam,Bonga-Decha woreda and
Gimbo woreda are good quality .But in some district such as Gesha, Sayilem and
Addiyo have poor quality construction. Respondents said that moderate road
construction, based on some issue respondents out of respondents believe that there
is moderate of road construction in Bonga town.

15
4.5. Health Service
According to respondents, there have hospitals works for the well-being of the
people's gives priority to the service for the public. According to the respondents
those patients especially pregnant women, disabled person, emergency, children
less than one years and are given priority for them. And also the quality of health
service are medium in time with especial physician are affect the patients from ones.
The patient stays in the hospital waiting for the service. According to the
respondents the patients stay in the hospital waiting for the get the service are not
limited by time and uses it around 24 hours per a day to gain services in the hospital
and according to my informants there is no much challenges in the hospital like that
of other services.

4.6. Clean Water Services in Bonga town

According to the respondents the quality level of clean water service for the
community of the Bonga town are very challenges and inadequate or lack of water
resources are prominently known in this area for a long period of time. The
respondent argues that is not quality level of water service in Bonga town and also
argues that this town has very great problems of clean water. Respondents believed
that is not community to get of high quality level of water service. According to my
respondents Bonga town are challenges by the shortage of clean water.

4.7. The Possible Ways to Decrease the Problems of the Local

Government in Enhancing Socioeconomic Development
According to respondents, there is to the possible way to decrease the problems of
local government in enhancing socioeconomic development. This reason are as said
that the respondents give first to open the chance of the education for the society of
that area and the second one is any work all of the Bonga town to participate the job
or group work. Like the construction of road, building of school and building of
healthy service is the possible way to decrease the problems of the local government
in socioeconomic development. According to respondents the other possible ways
to minimize the problems of local government are also training those leaders and
managers to know effectively understanding about local government.

4.8. Budget Administration in Bonga town

According to interview respondents (administrative office managers), the Bonga
town budgets consists of transfers from the regional and their own revenue. The
Bonga town its revenue from tax that lived and collected from agriculture income,
urban lands, traders and government workers. The Bonga town is the main drivers
of regional charges from natural resources and agricultural products. It being the

16
main drivers of most regional economics, it forms on important regional
development mechanism. Major taxes that fall on agricultural sector are the land as
tax lees and from agricultural products.

17
Chapter Five
5.1. Conclusion
The founding of this study regarding to the role of local government to in enhancing
socioeconomic development at the Bonga town level are to somewhat strong among
interviewer respondents. The study has revealed that local government has decisive
role in earning in socioeconomic development at the Bonga town.
The main objective of local government is to bring good governance, bring about
sustainable development It is seen as an oath way for enhancing local democracy,
accountability, integrity and representation in management affairs. So through local
governance, the habit of good governance which is a mechanism that enables
society to achieve sustainable development is promoted. Also the study stated that,
the Bonga town have the right to administer their own economic and social matters.
They direct and manage their budget and implement the policy that formulated the
local government they have the power to approve the draft the economic
development and the social service, decide to the economic and the social matters of
the community. Local government seen as an important avenue for efficiency gain
by enabling link between local provision of service and local taxes it is then local
government helps to promote economic growth. From this study the researchers
conclude that there are some problems in promoting socioeconomic development of
Bonga town.

5.2. Recommendation
Local government has a paramount role in promoting socioeconomic development
at Bonga town level. However, a few residents believe that it has no role in
enhancing socioeconomic development. Especially service delivery and the quality
of public personal are focused of the quest. Moreover, the researchers recommend
the following points. In the case existence of corruption, the Bonga town
administrative bodies be strengthened in combating those corrupt and awareness or
teaches about effect of corruption on socioeconomic psychological and family level.

To bring sustainable, coherent and successful, economic development at Bonga

town level, the Bonga town administrative should empower the citizens at economic
and social issue. To present time practice of government practice on the basis of
dividing the residents in to team work development and to ensure health
environments should be continues in strengthened manner.

18
Administration of Bonga town should have to create suitable condition in which the
resident's public massively inspired and mobilized to engage in development effort.
Skilled human power and sufficient finance are very essential to perform power,
they are not appointed based by their skills and merits. So skilled and experienced
human should be appointed based on their profession. Additionally Bonga town
administration faced problems, hence the Bonga town administration to avert
problem in terms of finance and huge budget allocation in

19
Reference

Ademolekum, 2002 Function of Local Government in Africa, Spectrum book.

Deodorize, 2011 Conceptualizing Local Government from Multi-Dimensional
Perspective.
Akbar, 2002 Theory of Local Government in New Delhi.
Answer, 2002 the Political Theory of the American Local Government: New York.
Assefa, 2007 Local Government in Ethiopia Foreign For Social Service.
Ayele zemelak, 2014 Local Government in Ethiopia, Advancing Development and
Accommodating Ethnic Minorities.
European Commission, Brussels (2013).
FDRE Constitution in 1995 Article 50.
FDRE Minster of Work and Urban Development, 2005/6-2009/10.
Encyclopedia of Social Science, 2008 Local Governments, Thomson Gale USA.
Forbrig, j (2001) Learning for Democracy. A study of Local Citizen Participation in
Europe.
Journmare, 2002 a Social Development of National Sovereign in USA Professor of
Health Policy.
Kenneth, 2001 Local Government Revenue Structure:-Trend and Challenges,
Nebraska.
Kras, (2009) Ethical Standard of Research.
Between Local Government and Civil Society in Africa. The Netherland.
Matulib, 2001 Theory of Local Government New Delhi.
New manetal (2004) Public Participation and Collaborative Governance. Journal of
Social Policy.
Olle and Touwne, 2009 Local Government at Local Administration Lagos.
Vender Bekan Christophe, 2007 Ethiopia Commissionable Protection of Ethnic
Minorities of Regional Levels, African Focus.

20
Appendix
I. Permission for Interview

Dear Participants!
The main purpose of this interview is to investigate the role of local government to
enhance socioeconomic development in the case of Bonga town, for partial fulfillment of
requirements for obtaining Bachelor's in Civics and Ethical Studies. The information that
collects from this interview is very important to the study. The researchers sincerely
request you to give important information in this interview. Since it is secretly has been
protected I should has explain my idea freely and precisely.

II.Leading Questions for interview concerning on Local Government:

1. Do you know the service of local government to enhancing in socioeconomic process
in Bonga town?
2, what are the challenges of local government in enhancing socioeconomic
development?
3. Are enough social services in Bonga town?
4. How could quality of social service in Bonga?
5. What are the roles of local government to enhancing socioeconomic development?
III, Profile of key informants

S Name sex Age Position place Date Remark

.
N

1 Ato Kifle wolde m 37 Head of zonal Bonga 29/6/012

administration
office

2 Ato Asefa Mamo M 45 Agricultural Bonga 28/6/012

head

3 Ato Wondimu M 38 Health Bonga 27/6/012

Adimasu serviceHead

4 Ato Zekarias M 40 civil servant Bonga 26/6/012

Abebe

21
IV.Personal Information

1. Sex: A.Male. B.Female

2. Age: A.18-25 B.26-30 C.31-35 D.Above 36

3. Educational Status: A.Illiterate. B.1-8. C.10-12. D.Degree

4. Marital Status: A.Married. B.unmarried

Questionnaires

1. Do you think that local governments have a role in socioeconomic development

activities? A.Yes B.No

If yes, how they do play their role?

2. What types of socioeconomic development activities are practices in your area?

3. Are enough social services in Bonga town?

A. yes B. No

If your answer is No what is reasons?

4. Do you think that society recognize the role of socioeconomic development activities
approximately?

A .yes B . No

If your answer is yes how do they recognize?

5. Do you know the service of local government in socioeconomic processes in Bonga

town?

A. yes. B .No. if your answer is yes can you mention them?

6.Is there any remedies taken by government to upgrade the contribution of women in
socioeconomic development activities?

A. yes B. No

If you say yes can you mention them?

22
7. Is there a possible solution to improve local government role in socioeconomic
development activities?

A. yes. B. No

If you say yes can you mention them?

23