UNIVERSITY OF SAN CARLOS (USC)

SCHOOL OF LAW & GOVERNANCE

COLLEGE OF LAW
Cebu City

COURSE OUTLINE in

ELECTION LAWS REVIEW

(2020 Version)

ATTY. DARYL BRETCH M. LARGO

A. Construction of Election Laws

-Maruhom vs. Comelec, G. R. No. 139357, May 5, 2000

-Rulloda vs. Comelec, G. R. No. 154198, January 20, 2003
-Saya-Ang vs. Comelec, G. R. No. 155087, November 28, 2003

B. COMELEC; Constitutional Powers and Functions

1. Executive or Enforcement Power

2. Quasi-legislative Power
3. Quasi-Judicial Power
4. Judicial Power
5. Enumeration of Specific Constitutional Powers and Functions

a. Enforce and administer election laws.

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(1)

-Salva vs. Makalintal, 340 SCRA 506, Sept. 18, 2000
- Brillantes, Jr. vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 163193, June 15, 2004
-Sandoval vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 133842, Jan. 26, 2000
-Nicolas-Lewis v. Comelec, G.R. No. 223705, [August 14, 2019])

b. Exercise Exclusive Original Jurisdiction over elections contests involving

elective regional, provincial, and city officials.

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(2)

-Faderanga vs. COMELEC, 105 SCRA 123
-Aguinaldo vs. COMELEC, 102 SCRA 1 (1981)
-Alunan vs. Mirasol, 276 SCRA, July 31, 1997
 !2

c. Exercise Exclusive Appellate Jurisdiction over elections contests involving

elective municipal and barangay officials.

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(2)

-Galido vs. COMELEC, 193 SCRA 78, January 18, 1991
-Emmanuel M. Relampagos vs. Rosita C. Cumba, et al., G.R. No.
118861, April 27, 1995
-Carlos vs. Judge Angeles, G.R. 142907, November 29, 2000
-Chua v. Comelec, G.R. No. 236573, [August 14, 2018])

d. Decide all questions affecting elections, except the right to vote

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(3)

-Annulment of List of Voters
-Petition for Disqualification of Candidates
-Petition to Declare as Nuisance Candidate
-Petition to Deny Due Course or Cancel Certificate of Candidacy
-Postpone or Call special elections
-Petition to Declare Failure of Elections
-Pre-Proclamation Controversies
Cases:
-Joseph Peter Sison vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 134096, March 3,
1999
-Mitmug vs. COMELEC, 230 SCRA 54
-Soliva vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 141723, April 20, 2001
-Aradais vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 157863, April 28, 2004
-Talaga vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 196804, October 9, 2012
-Aratea vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 195229, October 9, 2012
-Macquiling vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 195649, July 2, 2013
-Chua vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 216607, April 5, 2016
-Diambrang vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 201809, October 11, 2016
-Francisco v. Comelec, G.R. No. 230249, [April 24, 2018])
-Halili v. Comelec G.R. Nos. 231643 & 231657, [Jan. 15, 2019])
-Zapanta v. Comelec, G.R. No. 233016, [March 5, 2019])
-Marquez v. Comelec, G.R. No. 244274, [September 3, 2019])

e. Deputize law enforcement agents and recommend their removal for violation of
its orders
-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(4), (8)

f. Register political parties, organizations and coalitions

and accreditation of citizen’s arms
-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(5),
-Art. IX-C, Secs. 6-8
-Art. VI, Sec. 5(2)
-R.A. No. 7941 (The Party-List System Act”)
-Veterans Federation Party v. COMELEC, 342 SCRA 244, October
6, 2000
-Bagong Bayani Labor Party v. COMELEC, 359 SCRA 698, June
26, 2001
-Bagong Bayani-OFW Labor Party v. COMELEC, G.R. No.
147589 & 147613, June 25, 2003
 !3

-Aklat-Asosasyon Para Sa Kaunlaran Ng Lipunan At Adhikain

Para Sa Tao, Inc. (Aklat) vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 162203, April
14, 2004
- Bantay Republic Act or BA-RA 7941 v. Comelec,
GR No. 177271, May 4, 2007
-Citizens’ Battle Against Corruption (CIBAC) v. Comelec, GR No.
172103, April 13, 2007
-Torayno vs. COMELEC, GR No. 137329, August 9, 2000
-BANAT vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 179271, April 21, 2009 (En Banc)
-Ang Ladlad LGBT Party vs. COMELEC, April 8, 2010
-Philippine Guardians Brotherhood, Inc. v. COMELEC, G.R. No.
190529, April 29, 2010
-Atong Paglaum, Inc. vs. Comelec (G.R. No. 203766, etc., April 2,
2013)
- Alliance for Rural and Agrarian Reconstruction, Inc. v.
Commission on Elections, G. R. No. 192803, December 10, 2013
- BINHI PARTIDO NG MGA MAGSASAKA PARA SA MGA
MAGSASAKA vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 206988, February 18, 2014
- Aksyon Magsasaka-Partido Tinig ng Masa v. Comelec, G.R. No.
207134, [June 16, 2015]

g. File Petition for inclusion or exclusion of voters

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(6)

h. Investigate and Prosecute election law violations

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(6)
-De Jesus vs. People, 120 SCRA 760
-People vs. Inting, GR No. 88919, July 25, 1990
-People vs. Delgado, GR No. 93419-32, Sept. 18,1990
-Kilosbayan vs. COMELEC, 280 SCRA 892 (1997)
-Comelec vs. Tagle, GR No. 148948, Feb. 17, 2003
- Bernardo vs. Abalos, G.R. No. 137266, December 5, 2001
-BANAT vs. COMELEC, G.R. 177508, August 7, 2009
-Miguel T. Arroyo vs. DOJ (G.R. No. 199082, September 18, 2012)

i. Recommend to Congress effective measures to minimize election spending

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(7)

j. Submit to President and Congress Election Reports

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(9)

k. Regulate the enjoyment and utilization of public utilities and media of

information, etc.
-Art. IX-C, Sec. 4
-Secs. 7-8, R.A. 9006
-National Press Club v. Comelec, 207 SCRA 1 (1992)
-Osmeña vs. Comelec v. 288 SCRA 447 (1998)
-Telecommunications and Broadcast Attorneys of the Phils., Inc.
vs. Comelec, 289 SCRA 337 (1998)

l. Recommend pardon, amnesty, parole or suspension

of sentence of election law violators
-Art. IX-C, Sec. 5
 !4

m. Fix, in special cases, election period

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 9

n. Certify Funds to defray election expenses

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 11

o. Promulgate Rules of Procedure

-Art. IX-A, Sec. 6
-Art. IX-C, Sec. 3
-Art. VIII, Sec. 5(5-last sentence)

6. In Division and En Banc Cases

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 2(2)

-Art. IX-C, Sec. 3
-Sarmiento vs. COMELEC, 212 SCRA 307
-Ong, Jr. vs .COMELEC, 216 SCRA 806, Dec.23, 1992
-Canicosa vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 120318, December 5,
1997
-Ramirez vs. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 590
-Lazatin v. Comelec, GR No. L-80007, January 25, 1988
-Lazatin vs. HRET, GR No. 84297, December 8, 1988
-Sandoval vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 133842, Jan. 26, 2000
-Estrella vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 160465, April 28, 2004
-Roces vs. HRET, GR No. 167499, September 15, 2005

c.10. Adjudicatory
Art. IX, C, Sec. 2[2] and [3]
-Javier v. Comelec, 144 SCRA 194
-Canicosa v. Comelec, 282 SCRA 512 (1997)
-Lazatin v. Comelec, GR No. L-80007, January 25, 1988
-Lazatin vs. HRET, GR No. 84297, December 8, 1988
-Roces vs. HRET, GR No. 167499, September 15, 2005

c.11. Review of Decisions

Art. IX, C, Sec. 2[2]
Art. IX, A, Sec. 7
-Flores v. Comelec, 184 SCRA 484
-Garces v. CA, 259 SCRA 99

C. COMELEC and the Electoral Tribunals

-Sec. 17, Article VI, 1987 Constitution

-Barbers vs. Comelec, GR No. 165691, June 22, 2005
-Limkaichong v. Comelec; GR No. 179120, Biraogo v. Nograles; GR Nos. 179132-33, Paras v.
Nograles; GR Nos. 179240-41, Villando v. Comelec, GR Nos. 178831-32, April 1, 2009
-Codilla vs. de Venecia, GR No. 150605, Dec. 10, 2002

D. Registration of Voters; Exclusion and Inclusion Proceedings

-RA 8189 (Voters Registration Act of 1996)
-Perez vs. Comelec, 317 SCRA 641
 !5

-Domino vs. Comelec, GR No. 134015, July 19, 1999

-Kabataan Party-List v. Comelec, G.R. No. 221318, [December 16, 2015])

E. Domicile/Residence

-Faypon vs. Quirino, 96 Phil. 294

-Torayno vs. Comelec, 337 SCRA 574
-Coquilla vs. Comelec, G. R. No. 151914, July 31, 2002
-Papandayan, Jr. vs. Comelec, G. R. No. 147909, April 16, 2002
-Japzon vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 180088, January 19, 2009
-Domino v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 134015, July 19, 1999.
-Jalosjos vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 205033, June 18, 2013
-Perez v. Comelec, 375 Phil. 1106 (1999)
-Jalover v. Osmeña, G.R. No. 209286, September 23, 2014
-Sabili v. Comelec, 686 Phil. 649 (2012)
-Dano v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 210200, September 13, 2016.
-Caballero vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 209835, September 22, 2015
-Poe-Llamanzares vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 221697, March 8, 2016 (On residency issue only)

F. Certificate of Candidacy

-Sections 73-78, B.P. Blg. 881( Omnibus Election Code) As Amended

-Sinaca vs. Mula (315 SCRA 266 [1999])
-Viviero vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 81059, January 2, 1988
-Ramirez vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 81150, January 12, 1988
-Villanueva vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 54718, December 4, 1985
-Miranda vs. Abaya (311 SCRA 617 [1999])
-Salcedo vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 135886, August 16, 1999
-Tecson vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 161434, March 3, 2004 (on Material Misrepresentation issue)
-Quinto vs. Comelec (December 01, 2009)
-Quinto vs. Comelec (February 22, 2010)
-Rulloda vs. Comelec (January 20, 2003)
-Renato M. Federico vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 199612, January 22, 2013

G. Automated Election System (AES)

- R.A. 9369 [2007]

-Harry Roque vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 188456, September 10, 2009
-Rosalinda Penera vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 181613, September 11, 2009
-Rosalinda Penera vs. COMELEC, G. R. No. 181613, November 25, 2009

H. Failure of Elections

-Batabor vs. Comelec, GR No. 160428, July 21, 2004

-Carlos vs. Angeles, 346 SCRA 571 (2000)

J. Election Contest and Death of Protestant

-Poe vs. GMA, PET Case No. 002, March 29, 2005

oOo