➢ Social is the merging point of Sociology, Anthropology and Political

Science.
➢ Sociology focuses on the external influences that facilitate or constrain
human actions. It was born in Europe, particularly in Germany, England,
and France during the Industrial Revolution.
➢ Anthropology looks into the role of cultural structures in organizing
human interactions. Anthropology studies human diversity around the
world. It looks at cross-cultural differences in social institutions, cultural
beliefs, and communications styles.
➢ Political Science studies power relations and how these produce layered
modalities of opportunities among social actors. It is the systematic study
of government and politics. It makes generalizations and analyses about
political systems and political behavior, and uses these results to predict
future behavior.
➢ Social forces represent a constellation of unseen yet powerful forces
influencing the behavior of individuals and institutions. They can be
interpreted, and think of as any human created way of doing things that
influence, pressure, or force people to behave, interact with others, and
think in certain ways.
➢ Culture, Society and Politics as Conceptual Tools
Culture, society and politics are concepts. They exist in the realm of ideas
and thoughts. They cannot be seen or touched and yet they influence the
way we see and experience our individual and collective lives as social
beings. Society, culture, and politics are the conceptual tools in analysis
of social behavior and interactions.
➢ Concept. the rational purport of a word or a conception. One way to create
a concept is by definition. Concepts are initially invented as icons to
capture or represent phenomena and in the process assist their
users/inventors to describe facets of social experience in relation to the
phenomena concerned. What is interesting about concepts is that as
conceptual tools, they allow us to form other concepts or relate concepts
to each other, or deconstruct old ones and replace them with something
new.
➢ Sociality is defined by the very categories that human’s possess. These
categories are assigned by society at large. They are socially constructed
as” labels”, tags which our society read our worth and value. The
categories we possess are not natural, rather socially constructed, our
genders, mirror the way our culture “reads” as member of society. Our
colors, personality traits, manners, career to pursue and choice of mate.
In short the totality of our sociality is already constructed for us.
➢ Social realities: Behavior and Phenomenon

Ex. Situation: As Businessman Theo is used to giving “padulas” to his

supplier to expedite his transactions with them; Behavior and Phenomenon:
 lagay p. 11 Txbk

Situation: Gary graduated a year ago. Despite being blessed with several
jobs, he chose to remain jobless.; Behavior and Phenomena:
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➢ Social dynamics: Social, Political and Cultural change

Ex. Scenario 1: Alyssa preoccupied taking “selfies” ;Phenomenon -

Sefieing ( a behavioral pattern due to infiltration of technology); scenario
2 about volunteerism which appears to be a personal expression of a
political principle by an increasing number of people.

➢ Society is an organized group of independent people who share common

territory, language and culture, and act together for collective survival and
well- being.
➢ Values and Beliefs: as Behavior motivators. Values are principles or
standard of behavior and are considered as judgment of what is important
in life. They are important and lasting beliefs or ideals shared by the
members of a culture of what is bad or good, desirable or undesirable. It
has more influence on a person’s behavior and attitude, and they serve as
broad guidelines in behavior in all situations. It is the criteria in people’s
daily lives. Whereas belief is something one accepts as true or real, it takes
the form of firmly held opinion or discussion regardless of the lack of
evidence. Beliefs maybe based on traditions, faith, experience or scientific
research or a combination of these.
➢ Culture is the sum of individual’s way of life that represents the beliefs
and practices of a group.
➢ Cultural change is represented by new technological platforms
facilitating communication, self -expression, and interactions. It can refer
to change in material or non-material cultural elements.
➢ Social change refers specifically to alterations in social relationships
among people or groups.
➢ Social dynamics: Social, Political and Cultural change
Ex. Scenario 1: Alyssa preoccupied taking “selfies”; Phenomenon - Seeing (
a behavioral pattern due to infiltration of technology); scenario 2 about
volunteerism which appears to be a personal expression of a political
principle by an increasing number of people.
What is common among the scenarios is that they may all be considered as
manifestations of cultural and political changes.
➢ Political change represents possession and expression of power. It can
stem from social or economic issues that a country maybe facing. There is
political change if the rulers in a country lose power or the governance in
the country changes. Governance is a type of system used to rule a
country.
➢ Politics refers to the theory, art and practice of the government.