GROUP

• ANTIM CHOUDHARY
•DEVIKA SINGH
•KUNIKA PATHAK
1. Raw materials 6. First firing the green ware
2. Selection of raw material 7.Glazing
3. Preparation of material for forming 8.Glost firing
4. Shaping or forming 9. Packing and distribution
5. Drying or curing and biscuit firing 10. Quality control

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 SELECTION OF RAW MATERIAL
The first step in the tile manufacturing is to select the raw
material so that the finish product would meet the particular
Service condition e.g. service temperature and requirement
and required strength thermal conductivity resistance to
abrasion , etc. for example the white body ceramic tile is
composed mostly of talc and clay typically 62 percent talc
and 38 percent clay.
SQUENCE OF STEP IN DRAIN CASTING , A FORM OF SLIP CASTING:-
(i) Slip is poured in mould casting .
(ii) water is absorbed into plaster mold to form a firm layer.
(iii) excess slip is poured out.
(iv) part id removed from mold and trimmed.
Methods for forming powders of ceramic raw materials into
complex shapes are desirable in many areas of technology. For
example, such methods are required for producing advanced,
high-temperature structural parts such as heat engine
components, recuperators and the like from powders of ceramic
raw materials.
It is important that the green product be
air cured at ambient temperature for a
period of 12 to 24 hours flowing forming.
During this period they will lose by
evaporation approx. two of the eight
percent moisture content. After the
product is an air cured for 24 hours , it is
dried again by biscuit – firing meaning it is
heated at a relatively low temp. to further
reduce The moisture content , vaporize
unwanted elements and minimize
shrinkage during the final firing process.
The biscuits heat curing may be initiated
by placing it into a drying room with
the starting temperature held below the
boiling point of water , as generation of
steam in the Green product would destroy
the bond and may cause explosive
spalling.
Firing Cycles
Changes in firing cycles,
including the increased use of
roller hearth kilns in the ceramic
tile, dinnerware, and sanitary
ware industries, have decreased
total firing times. There is less
time available to burn
out organics in the body and
glaze, as well as mature the
body and glaze at the peak firing
temperature. For example,
several U.S. tile producers now
have firing cycles that total less
than 30 minutes cold to cold.
 QUALITY CONTROL
The final product must meet certain specification regarding
physical and chemical properties. Properties that are measured
include mechanical strength abrasion resistance , chemical
resistance , water absorption , dimensional stability , frost
resistance and linear coefficient of thermal expansion . After firing
and testing , the tile is ready to be packaged and shipped .
Product Dimensions : 45.72 x 35.56
x 15.24 cm; 6 Kilograms
Date First Available : 13 October
2018
Manufacturer : Bherunath ceramic
ASIN : B07JDP8PQY
Item model number : Statuario Wash
Basin
Country of Origin : India
Manufacturer : Bherunath ceramic,
9082054284
Item Weight : 6 kg
Item Dimensions LxWxH : 45.7 x
35.6 x 15.2 Centimeters
Product Dimensions : 12.07 x 8.89
x 10.16 cm
Date First Available : 18 March 2021
Manufacturer : Atrangii
ASIN : B08ZDT43PW
Country of Origin : India
Manufacturer : Atrangii, C-121, 2nd
Floor, Suncity, Sector 54, Gurgaon,
Haryana 122011
Item Dimensions LxWxH : 12.1 x 8.9
x 10.2 Centimeters
Net Quantity : 4.00 count
Included Components : 4
Cappuccino Cups
Generic Name : Coffee Mug