© Carammar Carre Pronoun Use 1. When a city faces high rates of unemployment, people oft blame {government officials for it Ick of leadership, A. CORRECT ASIS. B their ©. one's D. your 2. Learning to identify the constellations can be a satisfying bobby, Particular if they live in an area of mostly eles skies. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS B. some live C itlives D. one lives 3. Today, canoeing is mostly « form of entertsinment and exercise, ut they began as a mode of tansportation. ‘A. CORRECT AS IS Bit C. some D. one4, Because the production company filed to properly adverse ts upcom- ing play, thelr attendance on opening night was, not serprisingly, very low. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS B. is sendance . our atendance D. the atendance ‘5. Dogs may love to chew on bones, but pet owners need tobe mindful of| [isc herchestng habits to avoid digestive obstructions ‘A. CORRECT ASS B. its chewing habits . thee dogs” chewing habits D. some chewing habits 6. Two years ago, one of our interntionl students was Petro Martinico, swha Game fom Sicily, ‘A CORRECT ASIS We hat CC. which D. be who ‘7. Teachers provide in-depth language understanding, and ciliren are rewarded for improving his ocher communication skis, ‘A CORRECT ASIS Bones? © there D. their 8, During the Great Depression, a least 13 million people fost hen jobs. ‘A CORRECT ASIS 1B, lost is or her jobs lost they job D. lost their obs 9, Until they were widely harvested for any ivory tusk inthe twentieth ‘century, African elephants were plentiful throughout te savannas of Alia, ‘A. CORRECT ASIS Bie they D. their 10, As rule of thumb, 1 avoided any classes requiring psychology esearch, because they generally involved some form of pain or deprivation for line credit ‘A. CORRECT ASIS B, some ©. one D. anyAPPLYING STRATEGIES, BUILDING SKILLS 251 Word choice 1 The fist step in the Scientific Method isto define the problem, wich can sometimes be the mare dificult step oF al ‘A. CORRECT ASIS B. tess © most D. many ‘The company did not pay annual bonuses to some managers bese It believed that doin so reads them for cuting essenil sa A. CORRECT ASIS B. has rewarded C. wil eward D, rewarded 3, Avempsing to remove two fet of snow frm your driveway, even ifn use ‘high-powesed snow blower, canbe a daunting task. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS 1B snow blower of high power . snow blower wit high power D. snow blower having high power A. 1a 2004, Pablo Picasso's painting Boy wlth Pipe old fr over $10ailion, was the highest rie ever pad for one of his paintings. ‘A CORRECT ASIS| B. being ©. becoming D. which was Although Caleb pesforms well in all of his classes, he finds elses with a ‘muller amount of students tobe the most beneficial. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS 1B. tess amoont tess number D. smalls number 6, Aware of the fla epidemic spreading around schoo, Jacob diated to ‘580 a doctor to find out why he wasn't feeling good ‘A. CORRECT AS IS BB. as healthy ashe could be feeling ©. well D. good enough (One of Melanie’ Favorite things todo ater lng day at werk schinge {nto pajames and is dow fora nap. ‘A. CORRECT AS IS B. ies C. lays D. baying 8, Before taking off for a week-long vacation atthe fanly cottage, Em wanted onsite that all of her apacimeats dors and windows werelecked ALCORRECT ASIS B. assure ©. ensure D. goover2s2 CHAPTER 18 9, 1ttook fifteen minutes of my mother poking an prodding my ie brother before he was already 1 20 ‘A. CORRECT ASIS 1 completely already . completely all eady D. allready 10.1s unfortunate that ten years have passed and stil there has been n0 ‘eommunication beimcen Fonathan and his father, ‘8. CORRECT ASIS 1, among c. within D. amongst Redundant Language 1. The escalating ete of tution issising and many students am. kept fem ome blate the school administrators for peor alloc ion of finds, ut the edminisrtors themselves Dame the lack of state and private Fong. ‘S. CORRECT AS IS DB. istising and heeps many students from attending college ‘ Chas risen to keep many stodets from atending college 1. is eping many sudents from attending college — Une , A \ ‘any ofthe extavsted runners collapsed into chat ‘wate. ‘AL CORRECT AS IS BL When having reached tht marathons Gish ine athe end (C. When they reached the marathon’ finish ine 1D. Atthe marathons nish line, when they reached the ent ‘3,June 24th is sill considered Midsummer Day, marking the halfway etweca planting and harvesting summer crops. ‘A. CORRECT AS 1S B, point of time between the times of C. hulfvay point that ste one between D. halfway point rad Bega guz2ing 4, Willa Cather wrote her fest novel in 1911 alte age of thisty-eight yeas. ‘A. CORRECT AS IS Band she was thety-cight years old that year CC. when she was thirty-eight D. atthe time when she was thiny-ight years of age 5, Indeed the vaviatons could he endless for an etext, with he adetion of cic aew color eeting sighly diferent versions ‘A. CORRECT AS IS B, could go.en enlessy for an eternity , could bean endless etenity D, could beendlessAPPLYING STRATEGIES, BUILDING SKILLS. 253 tof all my holiday memories is the firs time 1 ckefeller Center's tree illuminated. ‘A. CORRECT ASS 1B. the first ime | saw C. the primary time of alte first saw DD. the ime at which Finally saw" 11 There is considerable debate over how much individual palit saver is held by each member of the Supreme Cour. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS, 1. individualized politcal elated power . individualized political power D. politieal power 8, Before the thief had time to devise an escape plan, he found bnself by police. ‘A. CORRECT AS 1S completely trounded . enclosed in totality D. surrounded 9. The purpose of the assignment was to summarize the book's pot and themes ‘A. CORRECT AS 18 B, briefly recap CC. summarize briefly D. summarize and recap (Over four decades and more than forty years of planning and bung bad foie toa halt andthe strctore was complet. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS 1H decades amounting o more than forty yeas . decades over forty years— D. decades Parallelism 1. The fist motor convoy to travel across the county did so in 1919 and ‘casisting of 81 United Staes Army vehicles ‘A, CORRECT ASIS B, consisted . was consisting D. did consist. 2. Activities as diverse as healthcare, education, and manfactrig ye ‘comme to depend onthe generation, storage. and transmiting of tetanic information. ‘A. CORRECT AS IS BB. generating, storage, and transiting CC. genertion, storage, and ransmission D. generating, storing, and ansmissionash CHAPTER 18 ‘3, Most news stories, whether in print, broadcast on television o& posted on the web, at created by individuals responsible fora series of ferent tasks such as sorting dhrough est eeases o determine which ae newsworthy, Geciding which fects tae, preparing the actal story, an creating an appropriate headhine. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS 'B. to.ort hough press releases and determining which are newsworthy . tosortthrough and determine which pres releases are newsworthy D. sorting through press releases and so determining which ae sewsworthy 4. Concer for the well-being of young children has Jed many states to ‘enuting laws requiring the use of child safety seats ‘A. CORRECT ASIS 1B, ted many states enacting laws Clee many states to enact aws 'D. many eats leading to coat laws 5. Scientists believe tha, unlike most ofthe 2,500 mosquito species, ome pat- ticalar species inthe Florida Keys is restricted to «nectar dat but not. 3 ‘blood meal ad ic ays eggs in the sol, rather than in standing water. CORRECT AS IS Snstead of s blood mea, and laying ota blood mes, abd laying fuer than a blood meal, ad lye yor (6. The speed at which the Bart, and other planets suchas Mars, Satur, 2nd Plato, revolves ae determined by ecencity and distance. CORRECT ASIS| revolve are revolve was revolves is PORE 17. The Seers Towers landed not only a being among the tallest buildings in [North America, but sso as having the most breathtaking views of the city ‘of Chicago. ‘A. CORRECT AS IS TB having had the most breathtaking views C. being the building withthe most brenhaking views D. ita the mos breathtaking views 8. The new. ex 7 ‘A. CORRECT AS IS 1B. museum is sbsidized by the state's bourd of tourism, it consists of hunekeds of exhibits from che medieval ime period ‘C. musenm to consist of hundreds of exhibits from the medieval time petod, and tobe sbsidied by te state's board of tourism 1p, museuin, consisting of hundreds of exhibits from the medieval tim» (evi, subsidized by tho state's board of turismee APPLYING STRATEGIES, BUILDING SKILLS. 255 9. Thay have flown to elk and deer wintering areas, ridden hosts and snovimobiles trough the mountain, and throwing back theres and ‘alvempted to communicate wi the wolves. ‘A. CORRECT ASI. B throw C dyew D. tuowa 10,1 was clear that Iwas going to nced something—a hug. smile. indy bandshake—to get me through the day ‘A. CORRECTAS IS 1B. aug, smile a fiendly handshake ©. hug, asl a fiendly handshake D, aig, some smiling, friendly handshake misplaced Modifiers Read the following sentences and select the best choice for the placement of the lnderlined portion ofthe sentence from among those listed. 1. The debate fll apart when the stadent who was speaking lost uk her ple in her notes. ‘Where its now. ‘After the word place C. After the wore debate. D. After the word notes 2. There was much tension i he ‘ong designer plate his ward ‘A, Wheteitis now. L TB. Afier te word salmon, | C. Afer the word owner D. After the word a, ‘3. Leas a beautiful summer ight, ond suetching acoss the horizon, ould Sco mass of fuchsia ormge, and yellow clouds as che sun began‘ A. Whee itis now. ‘After the word mast. ©. After the word clouds D. Before the word bege. 4. Because of its upbeat music and Mashy steps, swing dancing it auine 2 ‘Eamchack on college campases around the cosnty. A. Where itis now. TB. Before the word because. C. After the word campuses D. After the word county. 5. Glory is meanto evoke the movie during the Civil War ofthe sre ome, ‘which tells the story ofa black regiment A, Wher tis now. BB. After the word name (but before the comm). . After the word str D. After the word regiment (ending the seatence witha period) asthe retaurant owner served the food ining cedar plank slmon.fe y a 256 CHAPTER Ia Dangling Modifiers In the sentences below, modifiers may or may not be positioned corecty in the sentence, If the sentence is CORRECT AS IS, place a"C" inte space pro- vided. IF the sentence has 8 modifier ou of place, rewrite the sentence to correct the error 1L.____ After keapng an on of secrecy for twenty years the mystery was revealed, 2__ As entered the building, a strange feeling came upon me. ‘3.___ Windsurfing on Lake Michigan, a sandbar was spoted 4,__. After cleaning the bathroom, the toilet overflowed. ‘5.___ While baking, Elizabeth could tell how stong the do's impulses i sentence i writen corel in the active voice, place ¢"C" inthe adjacent blank Ifthe sentence is written in pasive voice, ews iin the ative voiceinthe space provided. 1__. While some imprudent seions were pecformed by Garey during his ‘carer, t most be remembered that his life was devted oa cause in Whi he believed,—————————— APPLYING STRATEGIES, BUILDING SKILLS. 257 2. Allack of eitctlens was shown by Faitfeld Porter compre 0 his sings. 3.___ The queen nt only enjoyed immense political power, bata ain- tained the loyalty ofr subjects. 4.____ After final count, it was determined thatthe contest was wo by Dennis 5.__ Differing from many of his fellow painters, Rembrandt pained people in realistic and humble manner. 6.__ After five consecutive year of applicant failing the entranc xam, school ofits think its time to make a change. 17. twas fond by a secent study thet senior surgeons us inition significantly more often than do most residents oF miéevel ‘doctors. 8.____ A bit of wind crested ripples on the water, but we cou only rematk that this same breeze would aid us on our wy back to shore ee —————ass CHAPTER 18 9.___ The face ofthe sgrcultwal industry was changed by Ei Whitney'~ cotton gi, 10,__1t was beloved by many students that Mrs. Mauro was the best teacher of reading onda—_— Q APPLYING STRATEGIES, BUILDING SKILLS. 259 Improving Paragraphs Sentences within paragraph should be arranged in an order tht corre- sponds to time or mental reasoning. Likewise, paragraphs must have a certain mount of independence from each other, yet they should heve sim tone and style, and provide the reader with 2 meaningful transition from os tic to the next. Read the following sts of paragraphs and questions, then select he best answer from among those listed. Be sure to pay sperifi attention tothe logical ‘order of sentences within the paragraphs. Tere should aso bean oven sense ‘of cohesion between the ideas within @ paragraph and within each grup of | paragraphs, t { (2) Ocean currents fom south of tbe equstor. 2) Ultimately, they can have huge {impact on weather patter all the way tothe North Pole. (3) Probably he best- ‘known ocean currents are the El Nifo and Ls Nita. (4) Both of tee topical ‘Pacific Ocean currents are influencing of producing global heat wave, footing, ‘and droughts. (5) Changes in ocean currents, including temperature and, end to oscar in twenty to thiny-year cycles. {6 Beginning inthe late 1990s, to other ocean cutreat pattems, knanas the PDO and the AMO, became more active. (7) Theis lows have gone wpinspeed, and the water temperatures have also risen. (8) Again, these changes have tought ‘unusual levels of precipitation to nd, primarily to the North American one. (©) The greenhouce effect relatos to the impact that man has onthe exvicament. (10) Ocean currents slo Rave an eect onthe Frequency and strength of wopics storms and hursicanes. ‘11) Much controversy has developed in determining its depres of impact on the weather, (12) The ultimate hope i that man and nature beg todevelop ‘a mote symbiotic relationship. (13) Studies show thatthe heat tat railates from a major eity changes the at around it (14) These urban bet islands emit ‘warm air daring the day, which reduces the aingal in those areas. (15) Weather patterns may also be influenced by manmade objects such as veils and buildings. 4. Of the following, which isthe best way to revise and combine Seences 1 and 2 (reproduced below)? ‘Ocean currents from south ofthe equator. Ultimately, they can havea huge Jnpact on weather patterns all the way 0 the North Pole. |A, Ultimately, ocean currents from south of the equator can have f huge impact all the way to the North Pole on their weather ‘ patterns. E B, Ocean currents, ultimately, can have a huge impact up tothe North F le's weather pattems. CC, Ocean currents fom south ofthe equator can have a huge impact om ee ‘weather pattems extending to the North Pol, 'D From south ofthe equator tothe North Pot, ocean curents can ave & ge impact on weather patterns.yt 260 CHAPTER 18 2, Ofte following, which isthe best way to phrase Sentence 4 (reproduced Delow)? Both af these tropical Pacific Ocean currents ae influencing of producing slobal heat waves, flooding, and droughs, A. CORRECT ASS BB. These tropical Pacific Ocean cuzeats influence the production of global heat waves, flooding, and droughts. ©. Global heat waves, flooding, and droughts are al being prodced from both ofthese tropical currents coming from the Pacific Ocean, D. Both ofthese wopical currents from the Pcific Ocean ae ifventia in rodvcing global heat waves, flooding, end droughts, 3: In Sentence 7, the phase “gone wp” is best replaced by: A. arisen, 1B, increased, . speeded up, D. jumped up. 4. Which of the following sentences shold be omited to improve the unity ofthe second paragraph? ‘A Seatence 6 ‘5. In context, which of the following sth best way o phrase the onderined poston of Sentence 11 (eproded below)? ‘Much controversy has developed in determining its degrees of impact on the weather ‘A. CORRECT ASIS 2B. the degree of man’s impact : to what degre it impacts D. tohow mach ofa degre man impacts 6. Which of the following isthe most logical order forthe sentences inthe ‘bird paragraph? ‘A. CORRECT ASIS Be 1115.14, 12,13, © 1S, 11,33, 14,12 DL 12; 15,13, 11,14 SSS (1) Robert Frost is perhaps one of America’s best pots. (2) Mayke the most beloved poet of a time. (3) While Frost is known as a New Englander, he actually lived his first years in California, (@) Born in 1874, Prost moved cas after the death of his father, (5) He atended high achool in Massachusets where he became an avid writer, (6) Though he continued to write diting his college years, he never eamed a college degree nar did he find much suesess with publishing his poetry. () At te age of 38, Frost moved to England where he quickly joined the literary circles of English writers. (8) A yea later, Frost’ fst book of poetry. A Boy's Wil, was successfully published and sold. () The stated the beginningAPPLYING STRATEGIES, BUILDING SKILLS. 261 of Frost's acceptance a literary gant. (10) Prior this, Frost had been waking tails end grammar schools; be also ran afar. (11) Shor aftr the pubistion of Frost's second anthology, North of Boson, he nd his family reetblshe tir ‘home in the States (12) Frost’s literary talent met with greet success back in the United Sates. (23) While Frost maintained the family's New Hampshize frm, he sho wrote ‘nd published prolifically. (14) In 1923, Frost earmed the frst of his fou alizer Prizes for his work and Was the fist poet to read ata presidential inaysration jn 1961, (15) Probably one of Robert Frost’s best Inown and most often quoted poems is “The Roed Not Taken,” particularly the last nes: "Two roads derged Ina Wood, and T/T took the one less traveled by, and that has made all the itference 171. Of the following, which is the best way to revise and combine Sennces 1 and 2 (eeprodiced below)? Robert Frost i perhaps one of America's best poets. Maybe te most beloved poet of al tine [A. Pechape Robert Frost s one of America’s most beloved pow fall 1B, Robert Frost is pechape one of America's best and most teloved poets . One of America’s best and most beloved poets Is perhaps Robert. Frost D, Robert Frost, one of Americn’s best poets, is perhaps de most beloved. '& Of the following, which isthe best way to phrase Sentence 6 (epoduced below)? ‘Though he continued to write during hs college years, he never caned a college degree nor did he find much success in publishing his poe. ‘A. CORRECT AS1S, BB, Hecontinued to write dving college while never eamed a depos and dn publish is poetry . While he wrote during his college years, he wasn't poblishl and received no depres. D. Going to college id not eam him a degree nor did he get his wings published, 19. In Sentence 9, the prose started the begining is best replace by A. started the beginnings. 1B, marked the beginning. C. mas ce stare D, starts the marking 10, Which ofthe following sentences should be emitted to improve tke sity ofthe second paragraph? ‘A. Sentence 7 B. Sentence 8 Sentence 9 D, Sentence 1011 In content, which ofthe following isthe best way to phrase the unde portion of Sentence 12 reproduced below)? 7 Frosts literary talent met with grea success back in the United Sax ‘8. CORRECT AS IS. [B. talent iteraly met with grea success . literary talent meeting with great success D. great success with teary talents (hic paragraph? CORRECT AS IS B14,12,15,13 C1513. 14 12 D. 13,15, 12,14 . (2) We a assembled all our gese; making sue to remember the omen ‘were ready to head out. (2) We were finaly going to take that ghos town (@) To Rhyoite, Nevada, we were going. 1) Riyolite, once a thriving zl ‘enter, wis now a small set of sbandoned buildings and rine. (5) We dog and backpack into the exe an set off happily. (6) Driving up into the Foothills where Rhyotite is situated, «visite ‘immediately spot one of the few intact structures. (7) This iste Too Re fowse, built of nearly 50,000 heer and medicine bottles mashed io eg (f) Seis clear that this home was once considered to be a rather aed edifice with ie gle windows and wide-sveeping frot pore, (9) OulgE texpansive yard ar fine displays of usted farm tools. (10) Crude gs far forms are scattered about, (11) A curator of sorts sts on chai jas the bottle house, witha eat in her Inp just writing to enlights tor about Rhyolite's many charms, (12) The rorufly eat does set lie describes a “plferers.” “14) Unfortunately, driving the two miles into Beaty to purcse teres is nota solution; this camera is outfitted with a bttery pack Bat recharging with its special charger. (15) take my tiny new digital a ofthe backpack, longing to capare Rhyolit's quaintness forever, onl #08 exploring the other Rhyolite foundations and then silently get backinlo ek (17) This angers my father, who is looking forward to abit of Rolie ot ‘computer desktop. (18) We will star to this ghost town another tine, an 7 tan be sure we will be caving two camera, both freshly charges! (19) father is further incensed, ‘vere going A. We were going to Rhyolte, Nevada finaly, o take that to of 1B, We were feally going to tke that tour of the ghost fom Nevada"hanna ne eS RR RRR a APPLYING STRATEGIES, BUILDING SKILLS. 263 CC. Finally we were going to Rhyoite, Nevada, and take that ghost town D. We were inl gong to go to Rhyolite, Nevada, to take that cof the hosttown there 14, Ofte following, which ithe best way to phrase Sentence 5 (rgrvced below)? We loaded the dog and backpack into the car and set of happy A. CORRECT ASIS BB, We loaded the dog in the car and the backpack and happily setofF in the eat. . We happily into the car loaded the dog andthe backpack ano, 1D, We losded,haprly, the dog and backpack int the ear and sft 15, n Sentence 7, the phrase mashed into she lay is est replaced by ‘A. tat were Stuck ino clay TB. clay imbedded that had been pat into clay, D. imbedded in ly. 116, Which ofthe following sentences should be omited to improve fe unity ofthe second paragraph? A. Sentence 9 B, Sentence 10 . Sentence 12 D. Sentence 12 17. In content, which of the following isthe best way to phase the wtined potion af Sentence 17 (reproduced below)? This angers my father, wha s looking orwash in @ bit of Roe on is ‘computer deskep. ‘A. CORRECT ASIS| 1B. who will really be looking forward to CC. as he had been looking forward to DD. wi has fora longtime been looking forward to 48, Which of the following isthe mos logical order forthe sentecsin the third paragraph? |A. CORRECT AS1S B 15,17, 14,19, 16.18 ©. 17,14, 1918.16.15, D, 16,19, 15,18, 14,17