PASION, MARIANO JR., R.

ACTIVITY 1
1. DISCUSS HOW HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD ENGINEERING IS ESSENTIAL IN
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALIZATION.

Extensive and efficient transport infrastructure is essential for well-functioning

economies and the development of regions and cities. When designed effectively, transport
networks can be an engine for productivity and improved quality of life for citizens. Effective
modes of transport; including high quality roads, railroads, ports, and air transport that enables
entrepreneurs to get their goods and services to market in a secure and timely manner and
facilitate the movement of workers to the most suitable jobs.
Transport infrastructure investment creates economic growth through many different
channels. The most basic among them is that transport infrastructure facilitates the exchange of
goods. Improved transport infrastructure reduces the cost of trade. Better domestic trade
opportunities allow regions to specialize in the sector where they are the most competitive
relative to the others. This holds irrespective of the type of regional economy, be it more urban or
rural.

2. EVALUATE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE THREE ROAD and HIGHWAY DESIGN
FIRSTLY CLASSIFIED UNDER MODERN ROADS.

TRESAGUET

 Designed by Mr. Pierre Marie Jerome Tresaguet, the father of modern road building.
 It has drainage at the side.
 Its thickness is only 30 cm.
 The top layer consists of 8 cm broken stones and exactly 5 cm thickness of small stones.
 It has a slope of 1 in 45 in surface and 1 in 20 in slope in shoulder so that the water will flow
straightly to the drainage.

TELFORD
  Designed by Thomas Telford, founder of the institution of civil engineers in London.
 It has a cross drains at an interval of almost 90m laid below foundation level.
 Uses heavy foundation stones above the soil.
 It has a foundation thickness of 17 to 22 cm.
It has a slope of 1 in 45 in surface.

McAdam

 Designed by John McAdam, the surveyor-general of the road in England.

 The first method that was based on scientific thinking.
 It has a cross slope of 1 in 36
 It realized that the stress due to wheel load get decrease at the lower layer so it is not necessary to
provide large layer pavement.
 It has a subgrade drainage with a slope of 1 in 36.
The main difference between these roads therefore is the materials used. Tresaguet used small
and broken stones in top layers, Telford used heavy stones to keep the road foundation formed, and
McAdam used subsoil base.