Junctions Explained

Coolselector®2
Morten Juel Skovrup
2019-10-25
Version 1.00

Explaining how to use junctions and how to interpret the performance details.
 Junctions Explained

1 Junctions removing mass flow

Junctions are a piping element that can change the mass flow in a “Components in series” calculation.

If you for example have a liquid feed line in a pump system using R717 and you had the following 3
evaporators:

25 kW
50 kW

25 kW

Then the operating conditions could look like this – noting that the total cooling capacity (as seen from the
liquid line inlet) is 100 kW:

Then the result of adding junctions might look like this:

The first junction removes 25 % of the line inlet mass flow, corresponding to 833.9  0.25 = 208.5 kg h or a
cooling capacity of 25 kW. This also means that the remaining mass flow is 625.4 kg/h corresponding to
75 kW cooling capacity.

The second junction also removes 25 % of the line inlet mass flow, corresponding to 833.9  0.25 = 208.5 kg h
or a cooling capacity of 25 kW. This is important to note: the mass flow that the junction adds or removes
from the line, is always related to the line inlet mass flow. And the line inlet mass flow is only dependent on
the selected operating conditions.

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 Junctions Explained

For the performance curve, the cooling capacity on the x-axis is also the cooling capacity corresponding to
the line inlet mass flow:

I.e. the green dot representing the operating conditions is placed at 100 kW cooling capacity, and not at 50
kW which is the remaining cooling capacity after the two junctions each have removed 25 % of the inlet
mass flow.

If we look at the performance curve for the ICS + EVM solenoid, the x-axis is again the cooling capacity
corresponding to the line inlet mass flow, even though the mass flow through the ICS + EVM is only
corresponding to 50 kW:

Relating performance to the inlet mass flow for all components in the line makes it possible to display part
load performance of the total line.

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 Junctions Explained

2 Junctions adding mass flow

If instead of the liquid feed line, we look at the wet return line, then the cooling capacity as seen from the
inlet of the line is now 50 kW:

And instead of removing 25 %, each junction now adds 50 %:

Again, all junction mass flows changes are relating to the line inlet mass flow, and in the end of the line, the
resulting mass flow is equal to the inlet mass flow we had in the liquid feed line (corresponding to 100 kW).

Note that when adding mass flow, it is assumed that the thermodynamic properties of the two mixing
streams are the same. In the example above, this corresponds to saying that the circulation rate of all three
evaporators is the same, equal to the one specified in the operating conditions.