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GJESM - Volume 5 - Issue Special Issue - Pages 172-179
GJESM - Volume 5 - Issue Special Issue - Pages 172-179
Homepage: https://www.gjesm.net/
Department of Accounting and Audit, Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture, Kharkiv, Ukraine
4
ARTICLE INFO A B ST R AC T
The level of information today is decisive in the socio-economic development of the
Keywords:
country. The purpose of the article is to identify the most influential factors in the process
Factors of Informatization
of developing informatization in the context of international globalization. The assessment
Development
of factors influencing world information is based on the following stages: forming incoming
Informatization Processes
information about the state of world information, a methodical approach to assessing the
International Globalization
impact of world information, modeling the interrelation of components, the influence
Networked Readiness Index (NRI)
of world information as hidden factors in the development of information. Factor and
correlation analyses are carried out within each cluster with a single level of information
by groups of countries. Based on the calculation of factor loads, the most influential
indicators have been determined, which serve as the basis for the formation of the
informatization process mechanism in the countries of each cluster group. Accordingly, for
example, from Innovations and Improvement Factors the major ones were only for second
cluster: Government efficiency and Efficiency of goods market and for third cluster was
Global Competitiveness Index. The study allowed to determine the main priorities for the
development of information in the context of clusters, formed in accordance with the level of
information development in the country of each group. Interpretation of the results allowed
determining the most influential factors in the development of informatization of the
countries of each group, which is the basis for forming recommendations on organizational
measures to increase the level of informatization in the context of international globalization.
17 1 3
*Corresponding Author:
Email: vitalinababenko@karazin.ua
Phone: +38(067) 570 3573
Note: Discussion period for this manuscript open until October 1, 2019 on GJESM website at the “Show Article.
Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 5(SI): 172-179, 2019
173
V. Babenko et al.
174
International globalization condition
fragmented, as they analyze partial indicators. During the statistical package Statgraphics Centurion (NRI,
the research, is advanced the hypothesis about 2016). By dint of computed cluster analysis, 4 clusters
the existence of peculiarities of the informatization are allocated, the dendrogram of which is shown in
development by groups of countries with similar level Fig. 1. The visual analysis of the dendrograms shows
of development. In developing this technique, it is that the four clusters of the main classes of world
suggested to take into account individual differences countries grouping should be considered according
in the values of the analyzed indicators of individual to the system of attributes, which are characteristics
countries based on economic-mathematical modeling of world informatization in the conditions of
with the use of tools of multidimensional statistical international globalization. Characteristics of each
analysis, namely cluster analysis. For further study of world countries cluster by their informatization level
the factors influencing the level of world informatization are shown in Table 1.
in terms of informatization development in conditions As it can be seen, the first cluster is the most
of international globalization, a correlation analysis is representative. It includes 53 countries of the world,
necessary. accounting for 35.1% of all countries. The second
cluster consists of 48 countries, is 31.79%. The third
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION cluster in terms of countries number is considerably
Based on data for 2017 for the specified indicators inferior to the first two and contains 28 countries
NRI та GCI (Global Competitiveness Index) (NRI, 2016, (18.54%). The fourth cluster includes 22 countries,
GCR, 2017), was established homogeneity of the and it is the smallest cluster with a share of 14.57% of
countries in their aggregate by the Ward method using all countries in the world.
Table
Table 1:
1: Clusters
Clusters characteristics
characteristics of
of world
world countries
countries according
according to
to informatization level*
informatization level*
Cluster number Number of countries included in the cluster Countries distribution by clusters,%
1 53 35,10
2 48 31,79
3 28 18,54
4 22 14,57
*Calculations by authors based on cluster analysis
Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cape
Verde, China, Colombia, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guinea, Guyana,
Honduras, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran , The Islamic Republic of Iran, Jamaica,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Lebanon,
Macedonia, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Romania,
Russian Federation, Rwanda, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra -Leone, Slovakia, South Africa, Sri Lanka,
Thailand, Trin DBP and Tobago, Tunisia, Ukraine, Vietnam
Algeria, Angola, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Chad, the Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia,
Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Pakistan, Paraguay, Senegal, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Uganda, Venezuela, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Iceland,
Ireland, Israel, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar,
Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan , China, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States
of America
Bahrain, Barbados, Brunei Darussalam, Chile, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Italy, Jordan, Latvia,
Lithuania, Malta, Mauritius, Oman, Panama, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Saudi Arabia, Slovenia, Spain,
Turkey, Uruguay
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V. Babenko et al.
Consequently, based on the performed cluster the basis of certain sub-indices influencing country’s
analysis, the major groups of world countries informatization. Thus, it is obtained a reasonable
were identified, which differ in informatization system of indicators on the basis of which further
development levels. A quantitative analysis of calculations will be made, namely: x1 – sub-index
attribute characteristics mean values for each of the “Technological Readiness”, x2 – sub-index “Innovations
four calculated clusters indicates that the difference and Development Factors”, х3 – sub-index “ICT
between groups of countries is more than doubled. Environment”, х4 – sub-index “ICT Readiness”, х5 -
Thus, it can be argued that the current world sub-index “ICT Use”, х6 - sub-index “ICT Influence”.
informatization level in conditions of international It is investigated whether there is a connection (and
globalization is characterized by unevenness and to what extent it is “tight”) world informatization
heterogeneity. Based on correlation analysis, it level between its socio-economic status. To do
was determined the correlation indices, which are this, there are defined indicators of informatization
quantitative characteristics of the relationship of the development and separate macroeconomic features
investigated features. GCR, 2017 is proposed system of countries. As the result indicators are ICT sub-
of result indicators, which included subindeks for the indices, factors are separate macroeconomic
readiness and use of ICT in the country, its environment indicators, determined from Eurostat (2018) (Table
and the impact of ICT, technological readiness 2). A quantitative analysis of attribute characteristics
of the country, innovations and improvement mean values for each of the four calculated clusters
factors provided by Eurostat and the European indicates that the difference between groups of
Commission. They are the main characteristics that countries is more than doubled. Thus, it can be
form informatization development level. The analysis argued that the current world informatization
of sub-indices additive value, which characterizes level in conditions of international globalization is
country`s informatization development, did not characterized by unevenness and heterogeneity.
show any contradiction with the results of the cluster Based on correlation analysis, it is determined
analysis. This conclusion also confirms the assumption the correlation indices, which are quantitative
of the use of the proposed system of key indicators on characteristics of the relationship of the investigated
Table 2: Indicators for determining correlation level of countries informatization development and macroeconomic factors, their
conditional designation
Table 2: Indicators for determining correlation level(GCR, 2017; Eurostat,
of countries 2018) development and macroeconomic factors, their
informatization
conditional designation (GCR, 2017; Eurostat, 2018)
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Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 5(SI): 172-179, 2019
features. GCR (2017) is proposed system of result clusters, using the widely used statistic calculations of
indicators, which included sub-index for the readiness the software package Statgraphics, it is calculated the
and use of ICT in the country, its environment and the correlation analysis defined in Table 2 of productive
impact of ICT, technological readiness of the country, and factor characteristics. The calculations are
innovations and improvement factors provided by carried out separately for each of the four world
Eurostat and the European Commission. They are clusters, adhering to the advanced hypothesis of
the main characteristics that form informatization ambiguity nature of processes functioning associated
development level. The analysis of sub-indices additive with countries informatization development within
value, which characterizes country`s informatization each cluster. The results of the correlation analysis
development, did not show any contradiction with for the group of countries of the first cluster between
the results of the cluster analysis. This conclusion also informatization and macroeconomic indicators for
confirms the assumption of the use of the proposed the first group of countries are presented in Table 3.
system of key indicators on the basis of certain sub- Thus, the level of technological readiness is most
indices influencing country’s informatization. Thus, closely correlated with the level of development of
it is obtained a reasonable system of indicators on electrification and telephone infrastructure in the
the basis of which further calculations will be made, country; to a lesser extent - with the state of higher
namely: x1 – sub-index “Technological Readiness”, x2 education and training; and in the minor - with the
– sub-index “Innovations and Development Factors”, following factors: the level of health, the expected
х3 – sub-index “ICT Environment”, х4 – sub-index “ICT life expectancy in society, and also, the level of
Readiness”, х5 - sub-index “ICT Use”, х6 - sub-index primary education and global competitiveness of
“ICT Influence”. the country. Regarding the correlation balances
It is investigated whether there is a connection (and related to the investigated factors, the less close
to what extent it is “tight”) world informatization level connection with the sub-index “Innovations and
between its socio-economic status. To do this, there Factors of Improvement” is only an indicator of
are defined indicators of informatization development the level of global competitiveness of the country.
and separate macroeconomic features of countries. Largely, this sub-index correlates with the indicators
As the result indicators are ICT sub-indices, factors of government efficiency, the efficiency of the goods
are separate macroeconomic indicators, determined market, and the country’s GDP.
from (Eurostat, 2018) (Table 2). Similarly, based on the results of cluster analysis, it
Based on 2017 data, for all countries grouped into is possible to trace the relationship and its closeness
Table 3:
Table 3: Correlation
Correlation levels
levels between
between informatization
informatization and
and macroeconomic
macroeconomic indicators
indicators for
for the
the countries
countries of
of the
the first cluster*
first cluster*
177
V. Babenko et al.
between sub-indices of informatization and doubled. Thus, it can be argued that the current world
macroeconomic indicators for other world clusters. informatization level in conditions of international
It is observed that the sub-indices “Readiness for globalization is characterized by unevenness and
ICT”, “ICT Use” and “ICT Influence” do not have a heterogeneity. In addition, it is found homogeneous
significant correlation with the macroeconomic groups of countries with a similar level of informatization
factors under study for all four groups of countries, development. This led to the assertion that in each
indicating the independence of these indicators from group of countries with their characteristic level of
the macroeconomic environment in the context informatization development, there are their most
of world globalization. Thus, the analysis of the influential factors that determine the development of
correlation coefficients allowed determining the this process. It is calculated correlation analysis. It is
quality interrelationship and its degree between executed for each defined group of countries of world
countries informatization development and the level informatization. This system is based on the Indices
of macroeconomic environment development within of NRI and GCI. The calculation of the correlation
each group (Table 3). coefficients of the interrelation of these indicators
allowed determining the most significant indicators that
CONCLUSION form the mechanism of world informatization process of
The comparative analysis of the interdependencies each cluster. Interpretation of the obtained results made
of the values of macroeconomic indicators and it possible to determine the most influential factors
information factors is made. It is possible to draw a of world informatization development of each group,
generalized conclusion about Ukraine’s development which is the basis for recommendations formation
towards the growth of its socio-economic situation. of organizational measures for increasing the level of
Indicated informatization process of Ukraine in their informatization in conditions of international
the dynamics is inconsistent, and it takes place globalization.
against the backdrop of complex behavior of the
business environment. Due to lack of effective and ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
consistent state policy of informatization reform, The authors are grateful to V.N. Karazin Kharkiv
available scientific and technological potential as a National University, Ivano-Frankovsk National
driving factor in the aspect of its development is not
Technical University of Oil and Gas, Kharkiv Petro
realized, which affects the rather low development
Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture
level of Ukraine’s informatization. It is researched the
and Poltava State Agrarian Academy for facilitating
approach to the estimation of world informatization
the accomplishment of this study.
processes development in the conditions of
international globalization. Thus, based on the data
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
for 2017, it is established the homogeneity of the
countries in their aggregate by the Ward method The author declares that there is no conflict of
using the statistical package Statgraphics Centurion. interests regarding the publication of this manuscript.
Based on the performed cluster analysis, were In addition, the ethical issues, including plagiarism,
identified the main groups of world countries, which informed consent, misconduct, data fabrication and/
differ in levels of informatization development. A or falsification, double publication and/or submission,
quantitative analysis of attribute characteristics and redundancy have been completely observed by
mean values for each of the four calculated clusters the authors.
indicates that the difference between groups of
countries is more than doubled. Consequently, based ABBREVIATIONS
on the performed cluster analysis, the major groups
of world countries were identified, which differ in % Percentage
informatization development levels. A quantitative GCI Global competitiveness index
analysis of attribute characteristics mean values for GCI.В.09 Sub-index “Technological readiness”
each of the four calculated clusters indicates that the Sub-index “Innovations and Improvement
GCI.С
difference between groups of countries is more than Factors”
178
International globalization condition
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DOI: 10.22034/gjesm.2019.SI.19
url: https://www.gjesm.net/article_35475.html
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