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IT Asset Management:
It’s All About Process
1
IT Asset Management: What and Why This definition highlights three elements
IT Asset Management:
An effective IT asset management (ITAM) that are essential to realize the value of
It’s All About Process
program delivers significant benefits IT asset management:
7 through IT cost management, increased
From the Gartner Files: agility and reduced risk. Gartner clients • A focus on financial, contractual
Demonstrate the Relevance of who successfully execute ITAM as a and physical data;
Your ITAM Program by Using discipline have typically achieved 30%
Outcome-Oriented Metrics cost savings in the first year, and at • The asset life cycle; and,
least 5% cost savings
11 in each of the subsequent five years.1 • A process framework.
About Provance® ITAM can also significantly reduce the
compliance risks associated with the The Focus of IT Asset Management
recent increase in software audits.2 Information technology is mission critical.
Few businesses today could function without
Gartner characterizes IT asset the IT assets – the hardware, software,
management as “a framework and set of network and other technologies – that
processes for strategically tracking and support business operations. Not only are
managing the financial, physical, licensing IT assets numerous, they’re expensive to
and contractual aspects of IT assets acquire, configure and maintain. IT assets
through their life cycle.”3 are frequently moved, rapidly depreciate
and require constant update and
replacement. The objective of IT asset
management is to ensure that the large
volume of constantly churning, costly
assets so essential to an organization’s
success are effectively managed from
beginning to end
to achieve the highest possible return on
investment.
1,2,3
Gartner Inc., IT Asset Management Key Initiative Overview, G00214140, 22 July 2011
ITAM focuses on centralized management of financial (e.g.,
The IT Asset Life Cycle
purchase price, cost events, supplier, etc.), contractual (e.g.,
terms and conditions, software entitlement, support agreements, Life cycle management practices are required to improve the
leases, warranties, etc.) and physical (e.g., location, ownership, return on investment for IT assets, avoid internal and external
assignment, audit
etc.) data about IT assets in an organization. It is a completely consequences, and adopt future technology.5 Gartner identifies five
different function than IT operational management, whose stages to an asset life cycle – requisition, procurement,
objective is to optimize the performance and delivery of IT deployment, maintenance and retirement – and notes that while
services; however, as Gartner points out, many companies mistakenly believe that IT life cycle
management begins when they receive an asset, the life cycle
“ITAM is often confused with the day-to-day management of actually commences when an asset is requisitioned.6 Similarly, life
the configuration of that asset, the financial management of cycle management continues after an asset is no longer
assets that are on the fixed asset register or maintaining an operationally active, extending to retirement and disposal
inventory of deployed assets.”4 activities. Management of the life cycle may further continue for
an indefinite period where historical asset records must be
Configuration management is not IT asset management. retained to satisfy legal and fiscal requirements.
Configuration information derived from IT operational management Effective IT asset management requires complete coverage of
tools should never be used as a substitute for IT asset the entire life cycle.
management data sources like ERP (enterprise resource
planning) and finance systems. For example, asset assignment As an asset progresses through the life cycle, its status changes,
should not be based on the discovered primary user of a computer, and changes will occur to financial, contractual and physical
nor should an asset’s physical location assignment be determined data associated with the asset. Simply recording and tracking
by IP address. these changes, however, does not constitute asset life cycle
management.
Using configuration information in place of properly sourced data
is not consistent with IT asset management best practice. Asset tracking IS NOT life cycle management!
FIGURE 1
IT Asset Life Cycle7
4
Gartner Inc., MarketScope for the IT Asset Management Repository, G00247007, 2 April 2013
5,6
Gartner Inc., Adopt IT Asset Life Cycle Management as the Foundation for Your ITAM Programs, G00210671, 24 February 2011
7
Gartner Inc., Demonstrate the Relevance of Your ITAM Program by Using Outcome-Oriented Metrics, G00249346, 16 May 2013
been obtained from sources believed to be reliable. Gartner disclaims all warranties as to the accuracy, completeness or adequacy of such information. The opinions expressed herein are subject to change without notice. Although Gartner research may
2
IT Asset Management Process Best practice is capturing proven and in the correct sequence, that
Life cycle is what you do, and asset effective know-how and incorporating it appropriate relationships and
tracking records what you’ve done. Process into IT asset management processes. interdependencies
is how you do it. Process is the essence of are taken into account, and that
IT asset management. Aside from the specialized ISO 19770 data is properly maintained and
standards and Microsoft® SAM Optimization updated. For example, a good tool
It’s all about process. Model for software management, no will move child assets when the
generally recognized framework is available parent asset
Gartner Research Director Patricia Adams for IT asset management comparable to IT location is changed, or remove software
underscores the importance of process service management frameworks such as assignments automatically when a
and tool support in managing assets ITIL® (IT Infrastructure Library) or the Microsoft hardware asset is retired.
through the entire life cycle: Operations Framework (MoF). There are,
however, three good sources for best Best practice ensures process is optimized
“ITAM depends on robust processes, practices: based on successful individual and
with tools to automate manual aggregated experience and is directly
processes. This data then enables • Effective current practices. Whether or integrated into better IT asset
organizations to effectively manage not there is an existing IT asset management tools.
IT assets, vendors and a software and management program, practices are
hardware asset portfolio from already in place to perform the IT IT Asset Management Maturity
requisition through retirement, thus asset management function. In many There are a number of different maturity
monitoring the asset’s performance cases, these practices have been models that establish an IT organization’s
throughout its life cycle.”8 refined over time to become more level of proficiency and guide future
effective and better matched improvement. These include Gartner’s
A process is a sequence of activities to organizational needs. There is no ITScore for Infrastructure and Operations
and tasks for the management of substitute for firsthand learning. Taking (ITSIO), and the Microsoft Core
assets through a particular step in the the time to identify, formally record Infrastructure Optimization (CIO) model.
life cycle. and institutionalize successful methods Regardless of the model, it is universally
Effective processes are designed to achieve already in place as part of the IT asset established that:
specific goals and objectives, take into management program is the most
account corporate polices, standards fundamental and important source of • Most organizations are at a low to
and procedures, and are modeled on best practices. modest level of IT asset management
established and proven industry best maturity. In its five-level model, Gartner
practices. Proper processes provide • Industry. Research firms like estimates that about 35% of enterprises
control, consistency and accuracy. Gartner, practitioner organizations have reached the proactive (3rd) level
like the International Association of of ITAM process maturity, while 5% to
Well defined processes that are IT Asset Managers (IAITAM), 8% have reached the service-aligned
structured, enforced and automated in publications like the ITAM Review, (4th) level, and less than 3% have
a supporting tool are the foundation for and ITAM events and webinars are reached the business partner (5th)
IT asset management success. excellent sources of best practice level.9
information. Experienced IT asset
Best Practice management and software asset • Increasing benefits accrue as
The quality of processes management consultants can also maturity level increases. “As IT
implemented in support of an IT provide valuable knowledge and organizations progress from level to
asset management insight. level up the maturity curve, each
program is critical, especially for step will yield incremental savings,
automated processes that are not under • Tools. Superior IT asset management resulting in lower costs, decreased
direct human supervision. tools integrate best practices directly to risk and increased business
ensure tasks and activities are alignment.”10
performed
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Gartner Inc.,Hype Cycle for IT Operations Management, 2013 G00252566, 23 July 2013
9,10
Gartner Inc.,Characteristics of IT Asset Management Maturity G00227267, 28 March 2012
• Maturity increases as a result of
“By integrating IT life cycle Selecting a Tool to Support Your IT
process improvement and
management processes through all Asset Management Processes
implementation of tools that provide
the stages of the asset life cycle, IT There are four core capabilities tools
effective process support and
asset management must provide to support an effective
automation. For example, these are
(ITAM) programs will contribute IT asset management program:
characteristics of organizations at the
meaningful savings at each stage.”12
proactive (3rd) level of the Gartner
ITAM maturity model: • An IT asset management repository;
Successful IT asset management programs
are supported by effective tools. An • Hardware and software inventory
“At this level, asset management
effective tool is characterized by its and usage information;
planners have designed,
ability to manage financial, contractual
documented and tested the
and physical data, integrate with adjacent • Integration with adjacent IT and
processes that are being adhered to
IT management tools and business business systems; and,
around the different stages of the
systems, provide out of the box best
life cycle, and where the processes
practice functionality, and support • Data import.
intersect with other IT areas, such as
implementation and automation of IT
service request, service desk
asset management processes. The IT asset management repository
and configuration management. Another
characteristic of this level is that an is the principal component of an IT
“Organizations that systematically asset
ITAM repository and at least one
manage IT asset life cycles focusing on management system. It serves as the central
inventory
processes augmented by tools will store for the required financial, contractual
tool and software usage tool should
reduce costs and improve the and physical data. However, what
be installed and delivering day-to-day
performance of the IT assets in their determines the quality and effectiveness of
reports regarding the performance of
environment.”13 the tool is the repository’s functional ability
the assets. These tools will help
automate processes, thereby reducing to perform IT asset management tasks
Components of a successful IT and activities that support processes
the need for manual data entry, such
asset management program: across the life cycle and that are based on
as contract data or hardware
inventory data collection, which will best practice.
• Complete coverage of the entire IT
lead to a higher degree
asset life cycle, from requisition to The ability to discover hardware and
of data accuracy.”11
retirement (or beyond); software inventory and determine asset
Continuous process improvement use is similarly essential to effective IT
• Well defined processes to ensure asset management. Both automated
combined with effective tools that
efficient, consistent and accurate discovery and physical inventory tools
provide process support and automation
execution of IT asset management like bar code scanning are required to
advance IT asset management maturity
tasks and activities; ensure continuous management of assets
to deliver increasingly greater benefit.
through both operational and non-
• Continuous process improvement to operational portions of the life cycle.
Building a Successful IT Asset
achieve increasingly greater levels Without physical inventory capabilities, it
Management Program
of maturity; and, is impossible to support
In order to realize the significant
certain IT asset management processes
potential benefits of IT asset • Effective tools that provide and best practices, such as receiving and
management, a successful program process support and rolling (physical) inventory.
requires breadth and depth. automation.
Specifically, breadth of life cycle
coverage and depth of process
support. Making continuous
improvements to processes results in
increasingly greater benefits.
11
Gartner Inc., Characteristics of IT Asset Management Maturity G00227267, 28 March 2012
12,13
Gartner Inc., Adopt IT Asset Life Cycle Management as the Foundation for Your ITAM Programs G00225114, 20 September 2012
14
Gartner Inc., MarketScope for the IT Asset Management Repository G00247007, 2 April 2013
IT asset management is reliant upon Along with a functional assessment, a
In lieu of or as a supplement to hands on testing
data from both IT and business systems. detailed review of product
are product reviews and evaluations by objective
For this reason, documentation will help establish the
and knowledgeable third parties. The Gartner
tool’s capabilities and quality.
MarketScope for the
“When choosing an ITAM
IT Asset Management Repository provides a
repository, most Gartner clients
review of 14 products and vendors. In addition,
say one of the top priorities is to
Gartner clients can schedule an analyst inquiry
look for how tightly
to ask detailed questions about tools under
integrated the repository is with
consideration. Product reviews are also
adjacent toolsets. The primary toolsets
occasionally featured in
with which ITAM repositories will
industry periodicals and web sites; however, caution
integrate, besides inventory and
should be exercised in using information acquired
software usage, are IT service
from general forums and blogs, even those hosted
support management, change
or moderated by a credible authority —
management, and purchasing and
particularly when information is posted by
configuration management.”14
unattributed sources or anonymous authors.
Where no direct technical integration is
Reputable tool vendors will be able to provide
provided, effective data import capability
customer case studies and references. While
is required, e.g., from finance or ERP
partisan, these can be useful in more clearly
systems. At a minimum, an import tool
understanding capabilities or scenarios
should be able to access information
that are particularly relevant or specific to a
stored in either databases or files, and
certain business need or industry.
provide capabilities to filter and
transform source data to either create or
In addition to gauging the quality and
update asset records in the repository.
appropriateness of the tool, thorough due
diligence is also required in appraising prospective
Given the increased benefit that is
suppliers. Important assessment criteria include:
realized as an IT asset management
program evolves, it is essential to select
• Established experience in IT asset management
a tool whose feature set will not just meet
and software development;
current needs, but will also support
anticipated future requirements as
• Future viability (derived in part by past track
maturity improves. A larger initial
record and length of time in operation);
investment in a more highly functional tool
at the outset can prevent significantly
• Evidence of success and expertise, such as
higher downstream costs to “rip and
industry memberships, awards,
replace” a tool whose functionality fails
accreditations and certifications;
to keep pace with organizational
improvement.
• Company priority and focus on IT asset
management software development (as
Evaluating IT Asset Management Tools
opposed to professional services,
and Vendors
development focus on other software
It’s essential to thoroughly assess and products, etc.); and,
evaluate tools. The preferred method of
evaluation is through firsthand use of • Established history of product introduction and
fully functional trial or evaluation innovation.
versions. This provides an opportunity to
rigorously test software with real data
and fully explore integration with
existing systems and environments.
The Joint Microsoft® – Provance® discovery of inventory and
Solution for IT Asset Management usage information for
The joint IT asset management hardware and software.
solution comprised of Microsoft®
System Center and Provance® • User and organizational detail.
management pack extensions The out-of- the-box System
features rich integration with the Center — Service Manager
Microsoft Server and Cloud Platform connector to Active Directory®
for IT operational management, imports user, device and
complete life cycle coverage, built- organizational detail into
in best practice, process Configuration Items in the
automation and powerful data CMDB.
import. It represents a unique
collaboration that delivers the
best of both worlds — the
recognized IT asset management
expertise of an agile and
innovative independent software
specialist, delivered on a powerful,
extensible platform
developed and backed by the world’s
largest software company.
• Configuration management
database (CMDB). System
Center-Service Manager
features a CMDB with out-of-
the-
box connectors to Active
Directory®, Configuration
Manager, Operations Manager,
Orchestrator and .csv file import.
Source: Provance
Provance is a registered trademark of Provance Technologies Inc. Active Directory and Microsoft are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other
countries. ITIL® is a Registered Trade Mark, and a Registered Community Trade Mark of the Office of Government Commerce, and is Registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. All other brands,
trademarks, and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. ©2014 Provance Technologies Inc. All rights reserved. Information may be subject to change without notice.
the Relevance of Your ITAM Program by Using Outcome-Ori
7
to the enterprise, ITAM budgets by respondents in Gartner’s 2011 ITAM
will continue to be at risk of survey, in terms of their relative
stagnation or reduction. This importance.3
results in insufficient funds for
critical ITAM resources.
3 Determine what
outcomes can be
effectively quantified and
tracked.
Analysis
Determine What’s
Important and Align ITAM
Metrics With Business and
IT Goals
If we were to measure and track
ITAM metrics, what should we
measure and why?
8
FIGURE 1
Measurements of risk avoidance from
ITAM Importance Ratings
proper asset disposal practices are well
Mean worth tracking and communicating,
Control of IT Assets 1 10 88 5.88
especially if there have been fees or
violations of ITAD’s stringent regulations in
License Compliance 212 86 5.87 the past. Document regulatory
compliance (including fines avoided) as
Cost Savings610 85 5.73
part of your benefits-tracking discipline.
Inventory Accuracy 411 85 5.69
Another example is if your organization
Financial Management of IT 613 82 5.57
Improvement of Configuration Management (like many others) is developing
7 13 80 5.45 sustainability and/or “green IT”
programs – it might be worthwhile to
Cost Avoidance 4 19 77 5.45
look at ITAM metrics that convey
Operational Efficiency 5 16 79 5.43 progress toward these goals. Many such
programs are focused on reducing the
Risk Reduction 11 13 76 5.25
carbon footprint and environmental
Reuse of Software 10 17 73 5.10 waste of the enterprise. For
organizations that deem this a priority,
Financial Analysis of IT Sourcing Options 71
14 15 5.03 it is worth measuring the value of
Source:
Financial Gartner
Liability (February 2007)
15 20 64 4.96
moving to recyclable materials for all
hardware items. Such organizations
68
Budget Deviation 13 20 4.92 could also place a value on changing
Stewardship of Cost Benefit Analysis
17 16 67 4.85
asset disposal methods from landfill-
Not Important Extremely based disposal to vendors that ensure
Important
disposed items never end up in landfill.
Table 1. Ability to Execute Evaluation Figure 2 highlights some examples
Criteria 1-3 rating4 rating5-7 rating
(taken from “Define and Capture
Sustainable Value in Your Supply
Note: The question asked was, “How important were or are the following benefits to your organization
when implementing ITAM?”
Chain”).
ITAM = IT asset
management Number of If your business maintains highly sensitive
respondents = 143 information, where the risk of its exposure
at endpoints such as PCs or mobile phones
Source: Gartner (May 2013)
is a concern, then security risk metrics
would also be very beneficial to track.
Where potential losses can be tracked
and recovery rates
can be proven, incidents and successful
mitigation can be reported — for
example,
A good example of how ITAM can clearly data sanitization processes and a importance of such robust ITAD processes and
demonstrate its considerable value is the robust recycling process, certified by the substantial risk to your brand from
effective management of the high-risk either R2 Solutions or e-Stewards. ITAM ineffective ITAD.
end- state of the IT asset life cycle – managers should communicate the
retirement and disposition. Robust ITAM The benefits of ITAM may be difficult to
programs focus on the two major areas of quantify and project. However, they are very
IT asset disposition (ITAD) risk: data material in a financial sense, particularly from
security and environmentally-responsible a brand equity perspective. Just as you may be
recycling. All organizations should ensure able to manage risks within
that their ITAD vendors have rigorous a supplier agreement through improved terms
and conditions, there is no specific financial the number of times the ITAM
number associated with this activity to measure organization was able to
its success; however, these instances should successfully wipe data from
still be tracked. endpoint devices when they were
reported lost or stolen. In some
cases, a monetary value may be
ascertained, or at least
estimated, for such avoidance of
data loss.
FIGURE 3
IT Asset Life Cycle
ITAM/software asset
management (SAM) disciplines
that convinced a supplier to
withdraw an audit request,
or at least cease annual
audits in favor of less
frequent ones. If you
accomplish this, you should
record it.
8 Movement, transfer or
divestiture of IT assets
through increased visibility
and improved contract terms
and conditions.
9 Proactive elimination of
license purchases and/or non-
standard equipment through
policy enforcement.
1
3
In a survey conducted in 2011, Gartner
invited 5,076 organizations in four
countries from North America (the U.S.)
and Europe (the U.K., Germany and
France) to participate in a regional ITAM
research study. The survey was
administered online and using native
languages. Survey questions focused on
ITAM maturity and organizational ITAM
strategies. Of the 5,076 organizations
initially contacted, 2,934 qualified to
participate
in Section 1 of the study, which
focused on implementation and
organizations’ ITAM maturity.
11