Heat Exchangers

it's a device at which heat transfers between two fluids at different temperatures
(cold fluid and hot fluid).

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 Applications of Heat Exchangers

١- Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems

2- Power Plants
3- Radiator in Cars
4- Boilers
5- Oil Coolers
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 Heat transfers in Heat Exchangers by Convection
through the fluid,, and by Conduction through the
wall separating the two fluids.

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Classifications of Heat Exchangers
Heat Exchangers may be classified according to:
1) Flow Arrangement
2) Construction

Classification according to Flow Arrangement

Three types of flow arrangements may be found in heat exchangers:
1)Parallel Flow

2)Counter Flow

3)Cross Flow
 Parallel Flow
Both Hot and Cold fluids enter the heat exchanger at the same end and move in the same
direction.
 Counter Flow
Hot and Cold fluid enter the heat exchanger at opposite directions.
 Cross Flow

The two fluids moves perpendicular to each others.

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 Classification according to Construction
Four types of Construction may be found in heat exchangers:

Tubular
In this type of heat exchanger the hot and cold fluids are separated by a wall and the heat is
transfered by a combination of convection to and from the wall and conduction through the
wall.
the wall can include extended surfaces(fins)

Double Pipe(concentric pipe)

it's the simplest type of heat exchangers,, consists of two concentric pipes of different
diameters
one fluid in a double pipe heat exchanger flow through the smaller pipe while the other fluid
flows through the annular space between the two pipes(parallel and counter flow are
possible here)
 Shell and Tube

a common type of heat exchanger that s widely used used in chemical processes,

it contains a large number of tubes(several hundreds some times!!) which are packed in a
shell with their axes parallel to that of the shell.
heat transfer takes place as one fluid flows outside the tubes through the shell
baffles are commonly placed in the shell to force the shell side fluid to flow across the shell
to enhance heat transfer and to maintain uniform spacing between the tubes,
baffles also provide turbulence which increases heat transfer between the fluids.
 Plate-Type
it consists of a metal frame in which a variable number of corrugated metal sheets are
clamped together
adjoining plates are spaced apart and sealed against leakage and intermixing by a gasket

the two fluids flow in a counterflow directions, and corrugations produce turbulence and an
increase in the total surface area which increases heat transfer coefficient and effectiveness.

Extended Surfaces
Plate fin
Tube fin

Regenerative
It depends on storing the thermal heat exists in the hot fluid in a porous material with high
heat capacity,, then the cold fluid pass through this material to absorb this stored heat
 Rotary
Fixed matrix
Rotating hoods

Hope it was a usful topic

 ENG
GOUDA KHATER