Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section

Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2020- 2021]

History and Culture of Pakistan

0448/1

TOPIC: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

NAME: Basim Iftikhar CLASS: Y 8_____1__ DATE: 18/10/2020

Chapter 4
How important was the work of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to the
development of the Pakistan Movement during 19th century?

Focus points: Specified content:

• What was his contribution to education, • His contribution to the education of Muslims and
politics and religion? the revitalization of their national consciousness:
an overview of his main educational works and
• How important was his ‘Two-Nation’
their importance
Theory?
• An understanding of his social and political
• What was the Hindi–Urdu Controversy?
theory, and of its origins
• How successful was the Aligarh
• The impact of his work on Muslims and the
Movement?
western world

• His relations with the British and the ulama • the

reasons for the foundation of Aligarh College

• His role in the Indian National Congress and the

Muslim League

• The meaning and origin of his ‘Two-Nation’

Theory and the Hindi–Urdu controversy.

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 Section A

TIMELINE SIR SYED AHMED KHAN (1817-1898)

YEARS EVENTS

1817 Sir Syed was born

1838

1846

1857

1863

1864

1866

1869

1875

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 1876

1898

Early Biography of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

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Belief of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan:

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Establishment of Aligarh Movement and Aims of the Aligarh Movement

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Work and Contributions of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

Improving the relations between the British and Muslim Communities

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Convincing the British

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Convincing the Muslims

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Encourage Muslims to get Western Education

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Give Political Awareness to Muslims

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 Section B

Worksheet 1 Marks: /14

Q1. What did Sir Syed believe were the two main obstacles to good relations between

the British and Muslims? [2]

1. The British had put the entire responsibility of the War of Independence on Muslims

2. There was deep-seated resentment to the British among many in the Muslim

community

Q2. Why did Sir Syed set up Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq and Scientific Society at Ghazipur? [3]

It contained articles from influential Muslims who agreed with Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

that there was a new approach to education and the scientific society was set up to

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make scientific writings available to a wider market by translating them from English to

Persian or Arabic into Urdu.

Q3. What was the purpose of Sir Syed’s tour to England in 1969? [2]

He wanted to see the education system of the England and wanted that Muslims should

also get education in this kind of system.

Q4. Why did Sir Syed Ahmad Khan establish The Aligarh Movement? [7]

He established the Aligarh movement because:

He wanted to improve relations between the British and Muslims by getting rid of

British doubts about Muslim loyalty and Muslim doubts about the British. He also

wanted to improve the social and economic position of Muslims by getting them to

receive Western education and take up posts in the civil service and army. He also

wanted them to increase their political awareness to make them aware of the threat to

from the Hindu policy of cooperation with the British.

Work Sheet 2 MARKS: /15

Q1. (a) What was the ‘Loyal Muhammadans of India’? [4]

In 1860, Sir Syed Ahmed wrote “Loyal Muhammadans of India” in which he defended

Muslims from the British accusations that they were disloyal. He gave a detailed account

of the loyal service which Muslims had given and named various Muslims who had

shown particular loyalty to the British.

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(b) Why did Sir Syed Ahmed Khan wish to develop a better understanding with the

British following the War of Independence (1857-58)? [7]

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan wish to develop a better understanding with the British because:

The position of the Muslims and the Mughal empire was falling down. Since the War of

Independence, the status and economy of the Mughal Empire was declining. Their

status was almost at the end line. And this was all because the Muslims neglect ace to

the British education. As Hindus started to follow the British as they knew that nothing

but decline will happen if they do not get in control of British and the result was

expected, by 1871 there were 711 Hindus in government employment compared to only

92 Muslims.If they were to improve their poor status then the Muslims had to accept

more British ideas and take advantage of British education. He wanted to improve their

social and economic conditions

(c)What was the Urdu-Hindi controversy? [4]

In 1867, the Hindus demanded that Hindi should be made the next official language in

place of Urdu. It was not until his death Hindi became the second language, but the

Hindu opposition to the Urdu was another factor guiding Sir Syed Ahmed towards the

two-nation theory.

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