Government of Tamilnadu

Department of Employment and Training

Course : Railway Recruitment Board

Subject : Reasoning

Topic : Calender

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 CALENDER

In this type of questions, a particular date will be given and asked to identify the day of
the week. To identify the day the following procedure is followed

One ordinary year=356 ¼ days=52*7+1 odd days

One leap year=366 days=52*7+2 odd days

Hence leap years has 2 odd days.Ordinary year has only one odd days.

For 100 years: 100 years has 24 leap years not 25 because 100th year is not divisible by
400

100-24=76 ordinary years

To identify the number of odd days for 100 years:

24 leap year * 2 + 76 ordinary year * 1= 48+76 =124

124 % 7(number of days in a week) =5

100 years has 5 odd days

For 200 years:

odd days for 100 years * 2

5*2=10

10%7=3 odd days

200 years has 3 odd days

For 400 years

Odd days for 100 years * 4 + 1(because 400th year has 1 odd day)= 4*5+1=21

21%7=0 days

1st January AD was Monday

1 odd day means Monday

2 odd day means Tuesday

3 odd day means Wednesday

4 odd day means Thursday

5 odd days means Friday

6 odd days means Saturday

0 odd day means Sunday

Questions related to century:

Last day of a century:

100 years: has 5 odd days.

Friday is the last day of 100th year or 1st AD

200 years: has 3 odd days. Hence Wednesday is the last day of 200 years

300 years:Monday is the last day

400 years: Sunday is the last day

First day of any century can be Friday/Wednesday/Monday/saturday

Types of questions:

1) Republic day was celebrated on which day?

Republic day is 26th January,1950

Answer:

In first 1600 years 0 odd days(Because for each 400 years 0 odd days, therefore 4*0=0
odd days for 1600 years)

In next 300 years -1 odd day

In next 49 years: 12 leap years + 37 ordinary years

=12*2+37*1

=24+37
 =61 odd days

61%7=5 odd days

IN 1950:

For 26 days: 26%7=5 odd days

Total odd days+ 0+1+5+5=11

11%7=4 odd days

4 odd days means Thursday.

26th January 2015 is Thursday

2) Identify the day on 7th march,1341

Answer:

In 1200 years: 0 odd days

next 100 years: 5 odd days

next 40 years: 10 leap year + 30 ordinary year=10*2+30*1

=50

50%7=1 odd days

Till march:

January has 31 days

February has 28 days

March has 7 days (till 7th march)

31+28+7=66

66%7=3 odd days

Total odd days:

0+5+1+3=9
 9%7=2 odd days

Hence 7th march 1341 is Tuesday

Examples:

1) The last day of a century cannot be which day?

Answer:

100 years contain 5 odd days.

Last day of 1st century is Friday.

200 years contain (5 x 2) 3 odd days.

Last day of 2nd century is Wednesday.

300 years contain (5 x 3) = 15 1 odd day.

Last day of 3rd century is Monday.

400 years contain 0 odd day.

Last day of 4th century is Sunday.

This cycle is repeated.

Last day of a century cannot be Tuesday or Thursday or Saturday.

2) What was the day of the week on, 16th July, 1776?

Answer:

16th July, 1776 = (1775 years + Period from 1st Jan, 1776 to 16th July, 1776)

Counting of odd days :

1600 years have 0 odd day.

100 years have 5 odd days.

75 years = (18 leap years + 57 ordinary years) = [(18 x 2) + (57 x 1)] = 93 (13
weeks + 2 days) = 2 odd days
 1775 years have (0 + 5 + 2) odd days = 7 odd days = 0 odd day.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul

31 + 29 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 30 + 16 = 198 days= (28 weeks + 2 days)

Total number of odd days = (0 + 2) = 2.

Required day was 'Tuesday'.

3) The year next to 2005 will have the same calendar as that of the year 2005?

Answer:

Repetition of leap year ===> Add +28 to the Given Year.

Repetition of non leap year

Step 1 : Add +11 to the Given Year. If Result is a leap year, Go to step 2.

Step 2: Add +6 to the Given Year.

solution :

Given Year is 2005, Which is a non leap year.

Step 1 : Add +11 to the given year (i.e 2005 + 11) = 2016, Which is a leap year.

Step 2 : Add +6 to the given year (i.e 2005 + 6) = 2011

Therfore, The calendar for the year 2005 will be same for the year 2011

4) If Aug 15th,2012 falls on Thursday then June 11th,2013 falls on which day ?

Answer:

First,we count the number of odd days for the left over days in the given period.

Here,given period is 15.8.2012 to 11.6.2013

Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

16 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31 11(left days)

2 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 0 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 4 (odd days) = 6 odd days

 So,given day Thursday + 6 = Wednesday is the required result.

5) What was the day of the week on 16th August, 1947?

Answer:

15th August, 1947 = (1946 years + Period from 1st Jan., 1947 to 15th )

Counting of odd days:

1600 years have 0 odd day. 300 years have 1 odd day.

47 years = (11 leap years + 36 ordinary years)= [(11 x 2) + (36 x 1) ]odd days = 58
odd days = 2 odd days.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug.

31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 15 = 227 days = (32 weeks + 3 days) = 3,

Total number of odd days = (0 + 1 + 2 + 3) odd days = 6 odd days.

Hence, the required day was 'Saturday'.

6) If Mar 18th,1994 falls on Friday then Feb 25th,1995 falls on which day?

Answer:

First,we count the number of odd days for the left over days in the given
period.Here,given period is 18.3.1994 to 25.2.1995

Month Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

Days 13 30 31 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 25

Odd Days 6 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 4

Therefore, No. of Odd Days = 6 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 4 = 36 = 1

odd day

So, given day Friday + 1 = Saturday is the required result.

7) If today is Saturday, what will be the day 350 days from now?

Answer:

350 days = (350/7=50 weeks) i.e No odd days,

So it will be a Saturday.

8) On 8th Dec, 2007 Saturday falls. What day of the week was it on 8th Dec, 2006?

Answer:

The year 2006 is an ordinary year. So, it has 1 odd day.

So, the day on 8th Dec, 2007 will be 1 day beyond the day on 8th Dec, 2006.

But, 8th Dec, 2007 is Saturday

S0, 8th Dec, 2006 is Friday.

9) If 6th March, 2005 is Monday, what was the day of the week on 6th March, 2004?

Answer:

The year 2004 is a leap year. So, it has 2 odd days.

But, Feb 2004 not included because we are calculating from March 2004 to
March 2005.So it has 1 odd day only.

The day on 6th March, 2005 will be 1 day beyond the day on 6th March, 2004.

Given that, 6th March, 2005 is Monday.

6th March, 2004 is Sunday (1 day before to 6th March, 2005).

10) What was the day of the week on 17th June, 1998 ?

Answer:

17th June, 1998 = (1997 years + Period from 1.1.1998 to 17.6.1998)

Odd days in 1600 years = 0

Odd days in 300 years = 1

 97 years has 24 leap years + 73 ordinary years.

Number of odd days in 97 years ( 24 x 2 + 73) = 121 = 2 odd days.

Jan. Feb. March. April. May. June.

(31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 17) = 168 days

168 days = 24 weeks = 0 odd day.

Total number of odd days = (0 + 1 + 2 + 0) = 3.

Given day is Wednesday.

11) On what dates of April, 2001 did Wednesday fall?

Answer:

We shall find the day on 1st April, 2001.

1st April, 2001 = (2000 years + Period from 1.1.2001 to 1.4.2001)

Odd days in 1600 years = 0

Odd days in 400 years = 0

Jan. Feb. March April

(31 + 28 + 31 + 1) = 91 days 0 odd days.

Total number of odd days = (0 + 0 + 0) = 0

On 1st April, 2001 it was Sunday.

in April, 2001 Wednesday falls on 4th, 11th, 18th and 25th.

12) January 1, 2007 was Monday. What day of the week lies on Jan. 1, 2008?

Answer:

The year 2007 is an ordinary year. So, it has 1 odd day.

1st day of the year 2007 was Monday

1st day of the year 2008 will be 1 day beyond Monday

Hence, It will be Tuesday.