Chapter 5 - Led Control

HCMC University of Technology and Education
Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering

No.1 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc Dist., HCMC, VN
MICROCONTROLLERS
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA

10/27/2020 11
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA
HCMC University of Technology and Education
Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
No.1 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc Dist., HCMC, VN
CHAPTER 5:
LED CONTROL
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA

10/27/2020 22
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Outline
1. Introduction.
2. Conditional operator.
3. C program structure.
4. Example.
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Chapter 5: LED control
1. Introduction Basic connecting

1. Introduction Pins for programming

2. Input/Output ports
 Every port has its corresponding TRIS register:
TRISA, TRISB, TRISC etc. which determines the
performance of port bits, but not their contents.
 By clearing any bit of the TRIS register (bit=0),
the corresponding port pin is configured as an
output. Similarly, by setting any bit of the TRIS
register (bit=1), the corresponding port pin is
configured as an input.
 This rule is easy to remember 0 = Output, 1 =
Input.

2. Input/Output ports
The microcontroller's current supply and receiving capacity is 25mA.

2. Input/Output ports Port A
Port B is an 8-bit wide, bidirectional port. Bits of the TRISB register
determine the function of its pins.

2. Input/Output ports Port A
RA0 = AN0 (determined by the ANS0 bit of the ANSELregister)
Similar to bits of the TRISA register determine which of the pins are to
be configured as inputs and which ones as outputs, the appropriate bits of
the ANSEL register determine whether pins are to be configured as
analog inputs or digital inputs/outputs.

2. Input/Output ports Port B pull-up
Port B is an 8-bit wide, bidirectional port. Bits of the TRISB register
determine the function of its pins..

Similar to port A, a logic one (1) in the TRISB register configures the
appropriate portB pin as an input and vice versa.
Six pins of this port can act as analog inputs (AN).
The bits of the ANSELH register determine whether these pins are to be
configured as analog inputs or digital inputs/outputs:
RB0 = AN12 (determined by the ANS12 bit of the ANSELH register)

 All the port B pins have built in pull-up resistors,

which make them ideal for connection to push
buttons (keyboard), switches and optocouplers.
 In order to connect these resistors to the
microcontroller ports, the appropriate bit of the
WPUB register should be set.

Having a high level of resistance (several tens of kiloohms), these
‘virtual’ resistors do not affect pins configured as outputs, but serves
as a useful complement to inputs. As such, they are connected to the
inputs of CMOS logic circuits. Otherwise, they would act as if they are
floating due to their high input resistance.

Apart from the bits of the WPUB register, there is
another bit affecting the installation of all pull-up
resistors. It is the RBPU bit of the OPTION_REG.
If enabled, each port B bit configured as an input may
cause an interrupt by changing its logic state. In order
to enable pins to cause an interrupt, the appropriate
bit of the IOCB register should be set.

2. Input/Output ports Port C
Port C is an 8-bit wide, bidirectional port. Bits of the
TRISC register determine the function of its pins.
Similar to other ports, a logic one (1) in the TRISC
register configures the appropriate portC pin as an
input.

2. Input/Output ports Port D
Port D is an 8-bit wide, bidirectional port. Bits of the
TRISD register determine the function of its pins. A
logic one (1) in the TRISD register configures the
appropriate portD pin as an input.

2. Input/Output ports Port E
Port E is a 4-bit wide, bidirectional port. The TRISE
register’s bits determine the function of its pins. Similar to
other ports, a logic one (1) in the TRISE register configures
the appropriate portE pin as an input. The exception is the
RE3 pin which is always configured as an input.

3. Main I/O commands
output_low(pin)
this command will set the pin to 0
EX: output_low(pin_d0);
this command sets the pin D0 to 0
output_high(pin)
this command will set the pin to 1
EX: output_high(pin_d0);
output_bit(pin, value)
this command will set the pin to 0 or 1 base
on value
EX: output_bit(pin_d0, 1) ;

input(pin)
read the value of pin
EX:
int1 x;
x=input(pin_d0);
read the value of pin D0 and save in x

output_X(value)
for PORT X (A-E) outputs “value” to the
entire port
EX:
output_d(0x0f) ;
4 lower bits of portd are set to 1 and 4
higher bit ofs portd are set to 0

input_X()
read the value of PORT X (A-E)
EX:
usigned int8 temp;
temp = input_d() ;
read the value of portd and save in temp

port_b_pullups(value)
allows the use of pullup resistors on
individual pins of port B
EX:
port_b_pullups(0x80);
Enable pullup resistor for pin b7 others are
disable

set_tris_X(value)
set the data direction. Bit 1 indicates input,
bit 0 indicates output .
EX:
set_tris_d(0x01);
Pin d0 is input others are output

4. Application 1: 8-LEDs control
4.1 Control 8-LED blinking
 LED diode:

 Schematic:

 Flowchart:

 Code:
#include <16F887.h>
#FUSES NOWDT, PUT, HS, NOPROTECT, NOLVP
#USE DELAY(CLOCK=20M)
void main()
{
SET_TRIS_D(0x00);
while(TRUE)
{
OUTPUT_D(0xFF);
DELAY_MS(100);
OUTPUT_D(0x00);
DELAY_MS(100);
}
}

4.2 Control 8-LED blinking with 10 times
 Schematic:

 Code:

#include <16F887.h>
 Code: #FUSES NOWDT, PUT, HS,
NOPROTECT, NOLVP
UNSIGNED INT8 I;
void main()
{
SET_TRIS_D(0x00);
FOR(I=0;I<10;I++)
{
OUTPUT_D(0xFF);
DELAY_MS(100);
OUTPUT_D(0x00);
DELAY_MS(100);
}
while(TRUE) { }
}
4.3 Control 8-LED Johnson from right to left
 Schematic:

 Flowchart:

 Code:
#include <16F887.h>
#FUSES NOWDT, PUT, HS, NOPROTECT, NOLVP
UNSIGNED INT8 I, X;
void main()
{
SET_TRIS_D(0x00); X=0X00; OUTPUT_D(X); DELAY_MS(100);
while(TRUE)
{
FOR(I=0;I<8;I++) //ON
{ X = (X<<1)+0X01; OUTPUT_D(X); DELAY_MS(100);}
FOR(I=0;I<8;I++) //OFF
{ X = (X<<1);OUTPUT_D(X); DELAY_MS(100);}
}
}

The end!

Chapter 5 - Led Control

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HCMC University of Technology and Education

Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering

NGUYEN THANH NGHIA

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 All the port B pins have built in pull-up resistors,

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