CHAPTER VI

6.1 Conclusion

Based on results, following conclusions are made, that the nature of parameters studied in
which concentration exceeded from WHO guidelines indicated the elevated concentration is
attributed to natural as well anthropogenic activities.

Elemen Sample
t 1 2 3 4 5 6
Al 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.017 0.01
B 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.083 0.05
Ba 0.2 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.017 0.19
Ca 91.66 45.6 52.6 48 56 51
Mg 43.3 33.33 31 31 32 39.6
K 10 3.2 3.3 3.33 3.46 2.46
Na 166.6 55 56.6 52.3 564 67.6
Pb 0.01     0.01 - 0.01
Ni -     0.01 - -
Sn 1.1 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.83 1
Si 4.96 5.53 5.23 5.3 5.31 8.5

It is concluded that sample no. 2 and 3 are suitable for drinking purposes while all other
samples are not suitable for drinking.

 Sample no. 1 having high aluminum (Al) and Tin (Sn) content
 Sample no. 4 due to presence of lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni)
 Sample no. 5 and 6 because of high tin (Sn) content
 6.2 Recommendation

Following are the recommendations to improve the water quality of Chirah, Rawalpindi
region of Simly dam:

 Awareness program should be organized to aware people of these areas

 The government should install treatment plant to avoid the contamination in water
 It is also important to use monitoring system in order for the water authorities to
determine the water quality parameters easier and faster