OGQZQ LQAJ OJXJSG]G^GK OJQJEG^GK IB]G 7

OGQZQ 7
Ky. I cgru sgig nbtbkmmgf lfje sug`bkyg ygkm `jkbkmmgf ogrjkg pjkygobt Nbgcjtjs @jffbtus.
Qjpjkbkmmgf sug`bkyg, Ky.I tbngo
tbngo cbsg cjrgotb
cj rgotbvbt
vbtgs
gs klr`gf
kl r`gf sjpjrtb cbgsgkyg. Qjfg`g = egrb

pjrtg`g, sug`bkyg `jkbkmmgf,

`jkbkmmgf, Ky.I tg`pgo `urukm, `jkgrbo nbrb, tbngo `gu c jrcbagrg. Ky.I
iumg `jklfgo uktuo `gogk ngk sjrbkmogfb tbngo cbsg tbnur nb `gfg` egrb. Ky.I `jkmgtgogk
cgewg nbrbkyg `jrgsg sgkmgt sjnbe gtgs ojpjrmbgk sug`bkyg. Ky.I iumg `jkmgtgogk
egruskyg nbg cbsg fjcbe
fjcbe `gosb`gf
`gosb`gf ngfg` `jrgwgt sug`bkyg
sug`bkyg
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs !

OGQZQ 3
Qjlrgkm pjrj`pugk usbg 38 tgeuk, ngtgkm oj plfb oufbt plst fuog cgogr. Ojtbog pjrgwgt
gogk `jfgouogk pjkmuourgk tjogkgk ngrge, pgsbjk `jklfgo ngk `jkutupb tgkmgkyg
njkmgk igojt. Egsbf pjkmogibgk nbngpgtogk cgewg tgkmgk sjcjfge ogkgk cjrwgrkg putbe
cjogs fuog cgogr, pgsbjk egkyg `jkuknuo ngk `jkmgtgogk tgkmgkkyg tbngo sjpjrtb lrgkm
fgbk
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs !

OGQZQ 1
Ky. F usbg 1: tgeuk ngtgkm oj pusojs`gs nbgktgr lfje gkgokyg. Gkgo Ky. F `jkmgtgogk
oegwgtbr `jfbegt olknbsb bcukyg cjcjrgpg `bkmmu tjrgoebr ogrjkg Ky. F `jkmgfg`b
ojsufbtgk tbnur ngk sjrbkm `b`pb curuo. Ky. F `jkmgtgogk cgewg nbg sjrbkm `jrgsg aj`gs
ogrjkg `j`bobrogk sug`bkyg ygkm cjojrig nb fugr kjmjrb. Ky. F ogwgtbr sug`bkyg tjrojkg
alrlkg. Ky. F kg`pgo `lkngr ‑   `gknbr, ngk sufbt olksjktrgsb. Ky. F cjrogfb ogfb
`jkmgtgogk oj gkgokyg uktuo `jkmeucukmb gygekyg.
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk bktjrvjksb ogsus nb gtgs
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs !
 

OGQZQ >
Ky G sjngkm `jkigfgkb pjrgwgtgk nb sugtu pjfgygkgk ojsjegtgk ygkm `jkyjnbgogk
fgygkgk pgffbgtbvj agrj. Ky G nbnbgmklsg Ag Ajrvbos stgnbu` goebr ngk egrus `jkigfgkb
sjrgkmogbgk tjrgpb `jnbs. Qugtu egrb Ky G tg`pgo tjr`jkukm njkmgk tgtgpgk `gtg ygkm

olslkm. @jkurut pjrgwgt ygkm pjrkge cjrbktjrgosb njkmgk ofbjk, Ky G `ufgb `jrgmuogk
ojsj`cuegk uktuokyg. Kg`uk, Ky G tjtgp sgig `jfgouogk sjrgkmogbgk tjrgpb `jnbs ygkm
egrus nbfgouogk tgkpg cgkygo `jkmg`cbf pjrgk ngfg` ojmbgtgk tjrsjcut. Ky G tbngo fgmb
tjrfbegt `gu cjrmguf njkmgk pgsbjk-pgsbjk ygkm fgbk ngk fjcbe suog sjknbrb.
Ks K sgkmgt cjrj`pgtb `jfbegt olknbsb Ky G sggt bkb. Xgng sggt sebd igmgkyg, Ks K sunge
cjregsbf `j`cbkg eucukmgk sgfbkm pjragyg njkmgk ofbjk.Ks K `jkmg`cbf ojsb`pufgk
cgewg Ky G sjngkm ngfg` dgsj ojtbngocjrngyggk.
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs !

OGQZQ :
Ky.X cjrusbg 4: tgeuk sunge
sung e ebnup sjknbrb sjigo : tgeuk
tgeuk tjrgoebr sjtjfge
sjtjfge sug`bkyg
sug`bkyg
`jkbkmmgf. Ky.X tbngo `j`bfbob gkgo. Qggt oukiukmgk ru`ge nbngpgtogk ngtg cgewg Ky.X
`jkmgtgogk nbg sunge `jkyjrge `jkmegngpb `gsgfge ebnupkyg. Ky.X `jkmgtgogk tbngo
gng sgkgo sgungrg ygkm sjfg`g bkb `j`cgktukyg ngfg` `jkauoupb ojcutuegk sjegrb-egrb.
sjeg rb-egrb.
Ky.X iumg `jkmgtgogk nbrbkyg tbngo cbsg cjojrig uktuo `jkauoupb ojcutuegk sjegrb-egrb
sjebkmmg Ky.X egkyg cjrmgktukm pgng cjfgs ogsbegk tjtgkmmg sjob
sj obtgr.
tgr. Ky.X cjrajrbtg
cjr ajrbtg sg`cbf
sjsjogfb `jkutup `gtg, Ky.X igrgkm cjrjsplk sggt nbgigo cjrcbagrg lfje pjrgwgt sjrtg
`jkmebkngrb gngkyg olktgo `gtg njkmgk pjrgwgt.
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs !

OGQZQ 4
Qjlrgkm fgob-fgob  usbg 1: tgeuk   `jkmgtgogk tbngo pjragyg nbrb njkmgk olknbsb pjrutkyg
ogrjkg pjrutkyg sunge tbngo `ufus fgmb sjtjfge nbfgouogk lpjrgsb pgng cgmbgk pjrut. Egsbf
pjkmgogibgk nbngpgtogk cgewg igebtgk cjogs lpjrgsb `gsbe tg`pgo cgsge. Ofbjk `jkgkmbs
ngk `jkygfgeogk olknbsbkyg, `jrgsg cjrsgfge ngk tbngo cjrmukg ogrjkg tbngo sjpjrtb

lrgkm fgbk.
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs!
 

OGQZQ =
^k. O nbrgwgt rugkm bslfgsb SQ. U ogrjkg `jkmgfg`b mjigfg plsbtbd alvbn 72, egsbf rgpbn tjs
^k. O `jkukiuoogk ogsbf rjgotbd. ^k. O sunge nbfgouogk swgc tjs kg`uk egsbfkyg cjfu`
ojfugr. Qjigo nbfgouogk swgc tjs, ^k. O `jkignb sjrbkm aj`gs. ^jrutg`g sggt pjrgwgt
‖
ngtgkm, ^k. O sjfgfu cjrtgkyg egsbf swgckyg. tk. O `jkmgtgogk sgyg oegwgtbr ogfgu sgyg
plsbtbd, sgyg tbngo cbsg `j`cgygkmogkk ogfgu egf btu tjrignb. ‐ ‖sgyg iumg sufbt tbnur
tbnur goebr ‑ 
goebr bkb, ngk kgdsu `gogk `jkuruk ogrjkg tjrfgfu `j`bobrogk egsbf swgc. ‐ ^k. O kg`pgo
aj`gs, cjrojrbkmgt, ngk olktgo `gtg ourgkm. Qggt bkb pjtrgwgt tjfge `jfgouogk tbkngogk
nbstrgosb/
nbstrgosb/ pjkmgfbegk njkmgk `jfgouogk ojmbgtgk
ojmbgtgk lfge rgmg
r gmg ojpgng pgsbjk ^k. O
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs !

Ogsus 5
Ks K gngfge pjrgwgt ygkm sjngkm `jfgouogk oukiukmgk ru`ge pgng ojfugrmg ^k C.
Xjr`gsgfgegk ygkm nbojfueogk lfje ^k C gngfge olknbsb Ky C ygkm nbkbfgb `jkmgfg`b
pjrucgegk ygkm auoup sbmkbdbogk. @jkurut ^k C, Ky C tjrfbegt sjfgfu mjfbsge. Ky C iumg
tbngo pjrkge `jfgosgkgogk ojmbgtgk bcgnge sjpjrtb slfgt ngk `jkmboutb `gijfbs tgofb`.
Qjcjfu`kyg Ky C nbojkgf rgibk sjogfb ngfg` `jfgouogk ojmbgtgk-ojmbgtgk bcgnge tjrsjcut.
Ky C sjrbkmogfb `jkygfgeogk lrgkm fgbk ibog tjrignb sjsugtu ygkm tbngo `jkyjkgkmogk
uktuokyg.
Cugtfge QX^O uktuo `jfgouogk tbkngogk ojpjrgwgtgk sggt bkb pgng ogsus nb gtgs !