WEEK 13: NUMBER

WH AT I S N UMBE R ?

o A word or a symbol
o Representing an amount, such as 3 keys in your pocket or a bill worth 5 dollars
o Being used for all kinds of things.
o On clocks and cash registers, on thermometers and license plates.
o On road signs and calendars.
SO ME K I NDS O F N U MBE RS
WH O USE S NU M BE R S?

Scientists

to describe the size of distant galaxies or to

calculate the paths of rocket ships in space

Accountants

to keep track of money

Baseball fans

to measure how well players are doing

WHOLE NUMBERS

The numbers we see and use most often are called whole numbers. These are
numbers such as 1, 6, or 12. But believe it or not, whole numbers are only one of
several kinds of numbers.
Can you say the numbers A-D?

A Company B C D
Total = 07784563
History: $ 45.60
1,300 65
Start 2001
Reading & Writing Numbers
In order to say our numbers we need to follow a few simple rules.
Note that if you remember how to write 1 – 20 in words, most of the rest of the
numbers are easy.

1 – one 6 – six 11 – eleven 16 - sixteen

2 – two 7 – seven 12 – twelve 17 - seventeen
3 – three 8 – eight 13 – thirteen 18 - eighteen
4 – four 9 – nine 14 – fourteen 19 - nineteen
5 – five 10 – ten 15 – fifteen 20 - twenty

In order to say our numbers, we need to follow a few simple rules.

The other words you will need to know are:

30 – thirty (not thirty) 80 – eighty

40 – forty (not forty) 90 - ninety
50 – fifty (not fifty) ?00 - …hundred
60 – sixty ? 000 - …thousand
70 – seventy ? 000 000 - …million

How do you say these numbers?

3,077?
719?

325?

The Word « and »

In British English, and is used before the last two figures (tens and units) of a
number.
325 : three hundred and twenty-five
719 : seven hundred and nineteen
3,077: three thousand and seventy-seven

Note that in writing, commas [,] (not full stops [.]) are used to separate
thousands.

How do you say these numbers?

Fractions
Simple fractions are expressed by using 'ordinal numbers' (third, fourth, fifth,
etc.).

317/50
9?

3/7?

1/8?
1/8 : an eighth (or one eighth) 3/7: three sevenths
More complex fractions are often expressed by using the word over.
317/509: three hundred and seventeen over five hundred and nine
Expressions like 3/4 hour, 7/10 mile are said three quarters of an hour, seven
tenths of a mile.
Note that one and a half takes a plural noun one and a half kilometres
How do you say these numbers?

0.5? 3.375?

Decimals
Decimal fractions are said with each figure separate. We use a full stop (called
'point').
0.5 (= 1/2) nought point five, or point five (US: zero point five)
3.375 three point three seven five
Nought, zero, nil, etc.
The figure 0 is normally called nought in British English, and zero in American
English.
When numbers are said figure by figure, 0 is often called like the letter 0
• My account number (41326069) is four one three two six 0 six nine.
In measurements (for instance, of temperature), 0 is called zero.
• Zero degrees Fahrenheit.
Zero scores in team-games are usually called nil in British English (American
zero). In tennis, table-tennis and similar games, the word love is used.
• Manchester three; Liverpool nil Fifteen-love; Five-love; your service.
Dates
How do you say these numbers?

1 (st) 17 (th) 1066 1789 1984 921

January? June? (date)? (date)? (date)? (date)?

There are two ways of saying dates.

• 1(st) January : The first of January /January the first
• 17(th) June: The seventeenth of June /June the seventeenth.
(In American English, dates are generally said January first, June seventeenth,
etc.)
When dates are written, the of, and often the ordinal ending (4h, etc.) are
dropped.
1(st) January1976. February 16(th), 1978.
When dates are expressed entirely in figures, Americans put the month before
the day. 8.6.79 means June the eighth in Britain, but August the sixth in the
United States.

The numbers of years are usually said in two halves.

1066 1984 1789 921

• ten • nineteen • seventeen • nine

sixty-six eighty-four eighty-nine twenty-
one

Telephone Numbers
How do you say these numbers?
(phone number)
•307- 4922?

In phone numbers, we say each figure separately. 0 is called like the letter.
(Instead of six six, two two, etc, British speakers usually say double six, etc.).
307- 4922: three 0 seven - four nine double two. (US: two two.).

Kings and Queens

Ordinal numbers are used for kings and queens.
Henry VIII: Henry the Eighth
Louis XIV: Louis the Fourteenth
Catherine II: Catherine the Second
How do you say these numbers?

12’x15’? 10’’x12’’ ?
Areas
In giving dimensions, we say, for example, that a room is 12’x15’: twelve feet by
fifteen feet or that a sheet of paper is 10’’x12’’: ten inches by twelve inches.
In an informal style, “foot” is often used instead of “feet” in measurements.
Examples:
“How tall are you?” – “Five foot eight.”
My bedroom's about eight foot by twelve.

How do you say these numbers?

Money
The singular of pence is penny.
1p one penny (Informal: one p /pi :/)
5p five pence (Informal: five p /pi :/)
£3.75 three pounds seventy-five pence
When sums of money are used as adjectives, singular forms are usual a five-pound_ note
Examples of American usage:
1¢: one cent (or a penny) $1.75: a dollar seventy-five cents
5¢: five cents (or a nickel)
10¢ : ten cents (or a dime)
25¢: twenty-five cents (or a quarter)

Reading Equations/ Formulas

Objective - To recognize symbols, variables, and types of sentences used in algebra.
Equalities Inequalities

= Equals - is the same as < Is less than

> Is greater than

 Is less than or equal to

≠ Not equal to
Objective - To translate English words, phrases, and sentences into mathematical symbols,
expressions, and equations respectively.
+ - x :

Plus Minus Times Divided by

Add Subtract Multiplied by

Increased by Decreased by Twice (x2)

Sum Difference

Total Less

More than Less than

Subtracted from
Arithmetic

Addition (+)
•15 + 25 = 40
•Fifteen plus twenty five equals/ is forty

Subtraction (-)
•100 – 35 = 65
•One hundred minus thirty five equals/ is sixty five

Multiplication (* or x)
•7 x 10 = 70
•Seven times ten equals/ is seventy

Division (: or /)
• 125 : 25 = 5
• One hundred twenty five divided by twenty five equals/ is five

Greater than (>)

•8 > 2
•Eight is greater than two

Less than (<)

•1 < 3
•One is less than three

Greater than or equal to (≥)

•7 ≥ 6
•Seven is greater than or equal to six

Less than or equal to (≤)

•9 ≤ 11
•Nine is less than or equal to eleven

The square root (√)

•√9 = 3
•The square root of nine equals/ is three
Squared (X²)
•2² = 4
•Two squared equals/ is four
Cubed (X³)
•2³ = 8
•Two cubed equals/ is eight
To the 4th power (X )
•2 = 16
•Two to the fourth power equals/ is sixteen
Exercise 1. Big Numbers

Task 1
140,342 114, 314 114, 344 616, 966 660, 656

660,566 219, 029 417, 317 470, 317 82, 214

290, 229 219, 129 417, 370 470, 360 82, 240

83, 214 15, 260 50, 260 15, 216 150, 216

999, 113 999, 130 919, 113 919, 130 16, 250

Task 2

Facts & figures around the world

1 The population of Monaco is ___________.

2 The population of Andorra is 67,627.
3 The population of San Marino is ___________.
4 The population of Liechtenstein is 32,528
5 Mount Kilimanjaro: __________ metres high.
6 Mount Everest 8,850 metres high.
7 The Yangtze river is ___________ kilometres long.
8 The Mississippi river is 6,275 kilometres long.
9 The Burj Khalifa building in Dubai is 2,716 feet high.
10 The CN Tower in Toronto is __________ feet high.
11 Shanghai is 19, 641 kilometres from Buenos Aires.
12 Tokyo is __________ kilometres from Paris.

Task 3. Work with a partner. Ask and answer these questions with numbers.

1. What year is it now?

2. What year is the next Olympic Games?
3. What’s your office phone number?
4. What’s your company’s reception phone number?
5. What’s the number of employees in your company?
A.6. Language in Action
What’s the price of2:your
Present Continuous
company’s mainTense
product or service?
7. What’s the price of your journey to work?

Answer the following questions.

1. What is your name?
2. What is your date of birth?
3. Where do your live?
4. What is your student identification number (NIM)
Read the following sentences.
5. This is the Balance Sheet of Company XYZ for the year ended December 31, 2017.
6. Cash on 2 January 2017 was $15,000,000.
7. Debt on 15 February 2017 was $9,845,631.
8. Inventory on 27 March 2017 was $1,345,230.

Read the following phone numbers

9. 03418118997
10. 0214009877
11. 08123386906
12. 081333445555

Read the following fractions

13. 1/4
14. 1/8
15. 3/5
16. 1/2

Read the following calculation

17. 127 - 81 = 46
18. 1462 + 678 = 2110
19. 65 x 51 = 3315
20. 1225 : 25 = 49