MUPD 601– MUPD 1101

Planning Theories and Practice

Mr. Josue O. Mirabite,
Lecturer/Professor
Environmental Planner (EnP)
PhD(can)Urban and Regional Planning
MA Urban and Regional Planning
Industrial Engineer
GPPB-Recognized Trainer

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts (CEAFA)

Batangas State University (BSU)
Alangilan Campus
 Week4 – Lecture/ Discussion

WEEK 3 – ASSIGNED READINGS FOR WEEK 4

1. CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY

PAUL JENKINS (PP 1-33);
2. CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION: THE PROCESS OF
URBANIZATION (PP 2 - 19) OF THE URBAN WORLD;
3. CHAPTER 2 : EMERGENCE OF CITIES - BY JPALEN (PP21-
59); AND
4. THE VANCOUVER DECLARATION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
(PP 1-44)
CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);

Urbanization – refers to the demographic process of

shifting the balance of (usually) national population from
rural to urban areas
Urbanization rate (or level) – indicates proportion (e.g.,
percentage) of population living in urban areas
Urban Growth Rate – measurement of the expansion of the
number of inhabitants living in urban settlements (usu.
expressed as per cent per annum)
CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Trends in Urbanization
CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Trends in Urbanization
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Metropolitan
Megacities (Megalopolies)
World Cities – a term which describes the key command and control points of
global economy, such as New York, London or Tokyo.
Extended Metropolitan regions –represent a fusion of urban and regional
development in which a distinction between urban and rural has become blurred as
cities expand along corridors of communication, by-paasing or surrounding small
towns and villages which subsequently change in function and occupation
(Drakakis-Smith 2000:21)
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Components and Causes of Urbanization
Urban Population growth- has 2 components: migration and natural growth
➢ Conventional economic theories (demand and supply factors)
➢ Traditional social theory of migration – push and pull factors
➢ education
➢ disaster, famine and war
➢ Bright lights hypothesis
Note:
Urban in-migrants rarely conform to the stereotypes that they are poor and
uneducated slum dwellers, ill-adapter to urban life and given to so-called social
deviance
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Components and Causes of Urbanization
Rural-urban migration
Urban in-migrants rarely conform to the stereotypes that they are poor and
uneducated slum dwellers, ill-adapter to urban life and given to so-called social
deviance
Natural growth – sustained urban fertility combined with declining mortality
Reclassification from rural to urban- also is a factor in urban population growth;
one form of urbanization by “implosion” (builds up urban spatial organizations
through densification of human settlements and the coalescence of villages.
➢ Quality of site
➢ Availability of natural resources, demographic structure, existing economy and
infrastructure, quality and capacity of institutions.
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Components and Causes of Urbanization
>internationalization of world production and trade (also a factor)
*international immigration and emigration
Pace of urbanization – is usually associated with industrialization and economic
growth
Urbanization – may also be treated as measures of progress towards industry and
services (vis-à-vis agriculture)
The differences in urbanization require different responses in relation to urban
planning and housing
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Impacts of Globalization
>on urban development
*link to capitalism (economic)
*link to colonialism and imperialism (political)
Five essential components of Globalization (Savith 2002):
1. New technology
2. The centrality of information made possible by instant communication
3. Increasing trend towards the standardization of economic and social products
4. Growing cross-national integration
5. Mutual vulnerability stemming from greater interdependence.
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Impacts of Globalization Impacts of Globalization
>Positive impacts >Negative impacts
• Rising prosperity • Sharpening imbalances
• Enduring importance of urban core • Increased social disorder (widen
• Increased democracy the gaps between the haves and
npt-haves)
• Greater citizen expectations
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Urbanization and Development
Urbanization goes hand in hand with industrialization and development; it
stimulates economic growth
Urban problems:
- High population increase – high levels of unemployment, poverty, slums, soaring
infra demands and costs, ecological dangers…excessive in-migration and the
limits to urban absorptive capacity
CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Managing Urbanization
➢ Has to adopt policies to ameliorate spatial distribution
➢ Regulate to reduce flow of persons moving to the metropolitan areas
➢ Returning rural-urban migrants to home or other rural areas
➢ Provide incentives to keep population in rural areas, through rural development
measures, land reform, schooling, new roads construction, Green Revolution
➢ Promote development of alternative urban centers (growth poles, new cities)-
adopting the growth pole theory (introduced by French economist Francois Perroux in
1950)
➢ Create more balanced urban system (or rural/urban systems)
 CHAPTER 1: URBANIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION - BY PAUL
JENKINS (PP 1-33);
Growth Pole Theory according to Perroux, “Growth does not appear
everywhere and all at once, it appears in points or development poles, with
variable intensities, it spreads along diverse channels and with varying terminal
effects to the whole of the economy”.
>It is related to Perroux’s idea of an economic space as a field of forces
consisting of centers, “from which centrifugal forces emanate and to which
centripetal forces are attracted. Each center being a center of attraction and
repulsion, has its proper field which is set in the field of other centers”.
 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION: THE PROCESS OF
URBANIZATION (PP 2 - 19) OF THE URBAN WORLD
Urbanization –> Civilization
Urban Explosion –> population explosion
Urban defined
As defined by United Nations:
Big City – locality with 500,000 or more inhabitants
City – locality with 100,000 or more inhabitants
Urban locality – with 20,000 or more inhabitants
Rural locality - with less than 20,000 inhabitants
 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION: THE PROCESS OF
URBANIZATION (PP 2 - 19) OF THE URBAN WORLD
Urbanization and Urbanism
Urbanization- refers to the number of people living in the locality
- refers to the changes in proportion of the population living in urban
areas
Urbanism – refers to the social patterns and behaviours or socio-cultural
consequences of living in urban places, human side of urbanization

Social relationship:
Cities- gesellschaft (larger-scale society or formal relationship); heterogeneous or
socially diverse
Rural – gemeinschaft (more-intimate scale community or primary relationship);
homogeneous or folk society
CHAPTER 2 : EMERGENCE OF CITIES - BY JPALEN (PP21-59);
THE VANCOUVER DECLARATION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
(PP 1-44)
HABITAT I was the first united nations conference on
human settlements. It took place in vancouver, canada,
from 31 may-11 june 1976.
THE VANCOUVER DECLARATION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
(PP 1-44)
Thank you
and
stay safe