Lesson 6 - AWS DynamoDB

AWS Certified Developer Associate
Lesson 6: AWS DynamoDB
©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

What You’ll Learn
Describe the basic concepts of DynamoDB

Identify the core components of DynamoDB
Define Primary and Secondary Indexes
Identify the purpose of Query and Scan Operations
Describe Read/Write Operations
Identify the usage of Atomic Counter

Calculate provisioned throughput
Identify the procedure for Data Import/Export using
Data Pipeline

Basic Concepts of DynamoDB

DynamoDB Overview
Fully Managed NOSQL Database Service
Provides fast single-digit milliseconds latency

performance
Easy administration and cost effective

Use this space to Animate
See examples:
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2 Supports partitioning data over multiple instances
Integrates with AWS IAM for fine grain access control
Amazon DynamoDB Great fit for mobile, gaming, and Internet of Things

Components of DynamoDB
{ { {
“Student Id”:”: 101, “Student Id”: 102, “Student Id”: 103,
“First Name “John”, “First Name”: “Lee”, “First Name”: “Annie”,
“Last Name”: “Smith”, “Last Name”: “Chang”, “Last Name”: “Carter”,
“Phone”: “703 323 1456” “Address”: { “Address”: {
} “Street”: “131 Park Street”, “Street”: “222 M Street”,
“City”: “Vienna”, “City”: “Fairfax”,
“State”: “VA”, “State”: “VA”,
“Zip”: 22180 “Zip”: 22030
} },
} “Degree”: “BS”
}
Tables, Items, and Attributes are the three core components

{ { {
“Zip”: 22180 “Zip”: 22030
} },
}
Tables are used to store information/collection of data

{ { {
“Zip”: 22180 “Zip”: 22030
} },
}
Each table is made of one or more items

{ { {
“Zip”: 22180 “Zip”: 22030
} },
}
Attributes are basic data elements that provide value to items

How is DynamoDB different?
Unique identifier
{ { {
“Zip”: 22180 “Zip”: 22030
} },
}
Nested Attribute

Primary Keys
Primary Key
table
Partition Key Partition and Sort Key
item
attribute
Unique key made up of only one attribute
Primary Key is Unique Used to determine partition to be used

1.Hash only
Hash Key Mandatory
Uses a hash function translate

Secondary Indexes
Can be used as an alternate key to query a table
Sort Key
Two types: Local and global secondary index
Primary Key
Local secondary index uses same primary key
Global secondary index uses a different partition and sort key
While creating, specify attributes to be maintained

DynamoDB Streams
DynamoDB Streams are used to capture

any modification events
Asia Pacific (Tokyo)
Cross – Region
US East (N.Virginia) Replication
Stream captures an image of all items
Real – time and attributes
notification
DynamoDB DynamoDB using triggers
Streams
Text
Search
Stream captures before and after images
of modified attributes
Stream captures image of item prior to

deletion

Query and Scan
• Used to search and

find items
• Always returns all data
attributes for an item
Query Scan
• Can use sort key
is used to search and find reads everyname
attribute item and
in a
items from a table or table
valueortoa refine
secondary
results
secondary index index

Query and Scan
Query Scan
• Returns all data • Sequentially reads

attributes for an item every item
• Uses sort key attribute • Scans entire table and
name and value to then filters
refine results • Not recommended for
• Is used with large tables
BatchGetItems API to • Not a preferred form
return multiple items of searching and
• Is preferred to Scan filtering
operations

Knowledge Check

KNOWLEDGE
CHECK Which are the valid secondary index types? (Choose 2)
a. Hash key
b. Local secondary
c. Global secondary
d. Range key

KNOWLEDGE
CHECK Which are the valid secondary index types? (Choose 2)
a. Hash key
b. Local secondary
c. Global secondary
d. Range key
The correct answer is Global secondary & Local secondary

Explanation: DynamoDB provides two types of secondary indexes: Local secondary index and Global
secondary index.

Capacity and Throughput Management

Capacity Management
Your Region
Amazon Amazon DynamoDB stores and manages any

Dynamo Dynamo amount of data and traffic
DB DB
Services Services
Provides high performance and less

Availability Availability latency
Zone A Zone B
Amazon
Dynamo
DB Automatically replicates data across
Services three data centers
Availability Zone C

Read Operation and Consistency
Helps to read an item from a DynamoDB table
Whole key is needed while using composite key

Getltem
Operation Performs eventual consistent reads by default
Consumes additional read capacity units for strongly consistent reads
Consumes half-read capacity for eventually consistent reads

Write Operation and Conditional Writes
PutItem
Creates a new item
Bob James
(Graduated) (Not Graduated)
UpdateItem
Modifies existing item’s attributes
Name: Bob, Graduated: Yes
Name: James
DeleteItem DeleteItem attribute_exists
(Graduated)
Deletes an existing item
i Use ReturnConsumedCapacity to obtain information on units consumed

Using Conditional Writes
Without Conditional Writes Without Conditional Writes
Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101

Count :100 Count :110 Count :100 Count :110
User 1 User 1
GetItem Update Count to 110 GetItem Update Count to 110
Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101
Amazon Count :100 Count :110 Count :90 Amazon Count :100 Count :110 Count :90
DynamoDB DynamoDB
GetItem Update Count to 90 GetItem Update Count to 90
Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101

Count :100 Count : 90 Count :100 Count : 90
User 2 User 2
i Conditional writes are idempotent

Atomic Counter
Increment/decrement of existing data attribute value

Uses UpdateItem operation
Amazon DynamoDB
Supports Atomic Atomic Counters are not idempotent
Counters
Not ideal for financial/mission-critical applications
Use “set” action to update the counter

Batch Operations
BatchGetItem BatchWriteItem
Allows to read multiple items Allows to create/delete multiple items
Can retrieve up to 16MB data Can add/delete up to 16MB data
Up to 100 items Up to 25 items

Provisioned Throughput
DynamoDB reserves resources read/write capacity
Read Write

Read
One strongly/two eventual consistent per

4 KB second
4 KB
1 Read
1 Read Capacity
capacity
Unit One read item supports up to 4kb
Unit
1 strongly 2 Eventual
Consistent Reads If more, DynamoDB consumes additional units
Consistent
read

Write
1 KB
One write per second
1 KB
2 Write Capacity
1 Read Supports up to 1KB per write
Unit
capacity
Unit
1 Write 2 Writes Additional capacity for secondary indexes

Read Capacity Units
4/4 = 1
4 KB 1 Read Unit
2/4 = 0.5
2 KB 1 Read Unit
0.5 Round to 1
6/4 = 1.5
6 KB 2 Read Units
1.5 Round to 2
8/4 = 2
8 KB 2 Read Units

Read Capacity Units – Example 1
You want to perform 100 strongly consistent reads per second, where the
Example: items are 6 KB in size. How many read capacity units do you need?
Solution
1. Number of read capacity units required per item = 6 KB/ 4 = 1.5
2. Round up 1.5 to the nearest whole number = 2 Read units per item
3. Total units needed for strongly consistent reads = 100 items * 2 = 200 Units
Answer
4. Total units needed for eventual consistent reads = 100 items/2 = 100 Units

Read Capacity Units – Example 2
An application requires to read 20 items of 1 KB per second using eventual

Example: consistency. What should you set the read throughput to be?
Solution
1. Number of read capacity units required per item = 1 KB/ 4 = 0.25
2. Round up 0.25 to the nearest whole number = 1 Read unit per item
3. Total units needed for strongly consistent reads = 20 items * 1 = 20 Units
4. Total units needed for eventual consistent reads = 20 items/2 = 10 Units
Answer

Write Capacity Units
One write capacity unit provides one write per second
Supports items up to 1KB in size per write
An application requires to write 10 items with each item being 20 KB in size

Example: per second. What should be set as the write throughput for the application?
Solution
Number of write capacity units required = 20 KB * 10 = 200 Answer

Best Practices
Use reduced page size Sudden burst of usage

scan or isolate scan may create capacity
operation issues
Use parallel scan May get exceptions for read

instead of sequential requests while supporting scan
scan operation

Knowledge Check

An application requires to read 10 items of 9 KB per second using
KNOWLEDGE
CHECK eventual consistency. What should you set the read throughput to
be?
a. 30
b. 90
c. 15
d. 10

An application requires to read 10 items of 9 KB per second using
KNOWLEDGE
CHECK eventual consistency. What should you set the read throughput to
be?
a. 30
b. 90
c. 15
d. 10
The correct answer is 15

Explanation: Number of read capacity units required per item = 9 KB/4 = 2.25. Round up 2.25 to the nearest whole
number = 3 Read unit per item.
Total units needed for strongly consistent reads = 10 items * 3 = 30 Units. Total units needed for eventual consistent
reads = 30 items/2 = 15 Units.
Access Control and Data Migration

Authentication and Access Control
AWS Account Root User
IAM User Use this space to Animate

See examples:
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
IAM Role

Identity Based Policies
{ "Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [ {
"Sid": "ReadOnlyAPIActionsOnBooks",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [ "dynamodb:GetItem", "dynamodb:BatchGetItem" ],
"Resource": "arn:aws:dynamodb:us-west-2:123456789012:table/Books" } ]
}
Grants access to GetItem and BatchGetItem
"Resource": "arn:aws:dynamodb:us-west-
2:123456789012:table/${aws:username}_ProductCatalog"
Replaces requester’s username when policy is evaluated

Web Identity Federation

1. Signup and configure your application with IdP
Users
AWS IAM
2. Create an entity in IAM
3. Create an IAM role and define who can assume it
Amazon
DynamoDB

Exporting Data From Dynamo to Amazon S3 Importing Data from Amazon S3 to DynamoDB
Launches an Launches an
Amazon EMR Amazon EMR

AWS Data Cluster AWS Data Cluster
Pipeline Pipeline
Reads from Writes to Reads from Writes to
DynamoDB Amazon S3 Amazon S3 DynamoDB

table Bucket Bucket table

Knowledge Check

KNOWLEDGE
CHECK What API calls do you use to read data from the DynamoDB table?
a. ReadItem
b. GetItem
c. BatchReadItem
d. BatchGetItem

KNOWLEDGE
CHECK What API calls do you use to read data from the DynamoDB table?
a. ReadItem
b. GetItem
c. BatchReadItem
d. BatchGetItem
The correct answer is GetItem & BatchGetItem

Explanation: GetItem and BatchGetItem API calls provide read only access to a table.

Practice Assignment: Amazon DynomoDB
To create a DynamoDB table using the provided throughput

To create a DynamoDB table using the provided throughput
Create a DynamoDB table. When creating the DynamoDB table, calculate the
provision a throughput requires to store a table with write capacity of 20 items
with 4 KB size and read capacity of 80 items.
Prerequisites:
AWS Account
Task:
How to create a Dynamo DB table and use the read 80 and 20 items write
capacity for provision throughput.

Quiz

QUIZ
In DynamoDB, do you need to define a table schema?
1
a. Yes, at the table level
b. Yes, at the item level
c. No, it is schema less
d. No, not for a table, but for a database

QUIZ
In DynamoDB, do you need to define a table schema?
1
a. Yes, at the table level
b. Yes, at the item level
c. No, it is schema less
d. No, not for a table, but for a database
The correct answer is No, it is schema less
Explanation: DynamDB tables are schema less. Except the primary key, you don’t need to define any other
attribute or their respective data types beforehand.

QUIZ
Which are the valid read consistency models in DynamoDB?
2
a. Eventual consistent
b. Softly consistent
c. Read after write consistent
d. None of the above

QUIZ
Which are the valid read consistency models in DynamoDB?
2
a. Eventual consistent
b. Softly consistent
c. Read after write consistent
d. None of the above
The correct answer is Eventual consistent
Explanation: By default, GetItem performs an eventual consistent reads. You can use GetItem with strongly
consistent reads, but it consumes additional read capacity units.

QUIZ
How many read capacity units do you need to perform strongly consistent read on 120 items per
minute?(Given that the items are 8 KB in size.)
3
a. 4
b. 240
c. 120
d. 2

QUIZ
How many read capacity units do you need to perform strongly consistent read on 120 items per
minute?(Given that the items are 8 KB in size.)
3
a. 4
b. 240
c. 120
d. 2

Explanation: Number of read capacity units required per item = 8 KB/4 = 2. No of items to be read per second = 120/60 =
2.
Total units needed for strongly consistent reads = 2*2 = 4 Units. Total units needed for strongly consistent reads per
second = 4 Units.
QUIZ
An application requires to write 30 items with each item being 10 KB in size per second. What should
be set as the write throughput for the application?
4
a. 30
b. 90
c. 150
d. 300

QUIZ
An application requires to write 30 items with each item being 10 KB in size per second. What should
be set as the write throughput for the application?
4
a. 30
b. 90
c. 150
d. 300
Explanation: Number of write capacity units required = 10 KB * 30 = 300.

QUIZ
When DynamoDB throttles your request, what exception do you receive?
5
a. ReadThroughputExceededException
b. ProvisionedThroughputExceededException
c. WriteThroughputExceededException
d. ThroughputExceededException

QUIZ
When DynamoDB throttles your request, what exception do you receive?
5
a. ReadThroughputExceededException
b. ProvisionedThroughputExceededException
c. WriteThroughputExceededException
d. ThroughputExceededException
The correct answer is ProvisionedThroughputExceededException
Explanation: If you exceed your provisioned throughput, DynamoDB might throttle your requests. In that
case, your request fails with an HTTP 400 code, and is accompanied by a
ProvisionedThroughputExceededException.

Key Takeaways
• Items are similar to records, each item size is limited to 64 Kb

• Primary key can be of two types: Partition key, and partition and sort key
• 5 global secondary indexes and 5 local secondary indexes are allowed
• Query operations are considered more efficient than scan operations
• DynamoDB supports conditional updates. Updates
Use this done by one user cannot be overwritten by
space to Animate
another user. It supports atomic counters, See
increment
examples: or decrement of the value of an existing
data attribute EXAMPLE 1
• One read capacity unit provides one strongly consistent read per second or two eventual
consistent reads per second. Supports items up to 4 KB in size per read
• One write capacity unit provides one write per second, supports items up to 1 KB in size per
write

This concludes “AWS DynamoDB”
The next lesson is “AWS Application Services.”

Lesson 6 - AWS DynamoDB

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lesson 6 - AWS DynamoDB

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

AWS Certified Developer Associate

Lesson 6: AWS DynamoDB

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Describe the basic concepts of DynamoDB

Describe Read/Write Operations

Identify the usage of Atomic Counter

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Fully Managed NOSQL Database Service

Provides fast single-digit milliseconds latency

Easy administration and cost effective

Integrates with AWS IAM for fine grain access control

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Tables, Items, and Attributes are the three core components

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Tables are used to store information/collection of data

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Each table is made of one or more items

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Attributes are basic data elements that provide value to items

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Primary Key is Unique Used to determine partition to be used

Uses a hash function translate

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Can be used as an alternate key to query a table

Local secondary index uses same primary key

Global secondary index uses a different partition and sort key

While creating, specify attributes to be maintained

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

DynamoDB Streams are used to capture

Stream captures image of item prior to

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

• Used to search and

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

• Returns all data • Sequentially reads

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

The correct answer is Global secondary & Local secondary

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Amazon Amazon DynamoDB stores and manages any

Provides high performance and less

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Helps to read an item from a DynamoDB table

Whole key is needed while using composite key

Consumes additional read capacity units for strongly consistent reads

Consumes half-read capacity for eventually consistent reads

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

i Use ReturnConsumedCapacity to obtain information on units consumed

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Without Conditional Writes Without Conditional Writes

Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101

GetItem Update Count to 110 GetItem Update Count to 110

Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101 Item : 101

i Conditional writes are idempotent

Increment/decrement of existing data attribute value

Not ideal for financial/mission-critical applications

Use “set” action to update the counter

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved

Can retrieve up to 16MB data Can add/delete up to 16MB data

Up to 100 items Up to 25 items

©Simplilearn. All rights reserved